Objectives To screen copper-resistant and copper-reducing bacteria from deep-sea hydrothermal sediments and systematically analyze Cu(II) bioreduction process mediated by the bacteria, and mineralization product characteristics, thus filling the knowledge gap regarding microbial participation in copper cycling in deep-sea hydrothermal environments. Methods A strain, Shewanella sp. FeAMO, was obtained through anaerobic enrichment culture. With sodium lactate as the electron donor and Cu(II) as the terminal electron acceptor, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to analyze bacterial growth, copper reduction kinetics, and physicochemical properties of the products. Results Strain FeAMO exhibited high tolerance to 400 μmol/L Cu(II), achieving a Cu(II) removal rate of 96.8% within 72 h. The mineralization products were spherical microspheres with diameters ranging from 5 to 10 µm. The bulk phase was predominant crystalline cuprous sulfide (Cu2S), while the surface was stably enriched with metallic copper (Cu0) nanoparticles, forming a core-shell heterostructure. Conclusion Shewanella sp. FeAMO can tolerate Cu(II) with copper transporters and generate Cu2S-Cu0 composite minerals by coupling copper reduction and sulfur reduction pathways. This study not only elucidates the mechanism of microbial-driven copper and sulfur cycling in hydrothermal environments but also provides a potential strategy for heavy metal immobilization and resource recovery.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |