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Objective To explore the regulatory effect of the synergistic and efficient remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil by Rhodococcus sp. OS62 and Pseudomonas sp. P35. Methods High-throughput sequencing was employed to determine the bacterial community structure and diversity during the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil. Redundancy analysis, non-metric multidimensional scale analysis, Mantel test, and molecular ecological network analysis were performed to evaluate the changes of the soil microbial community structure and the correlations of petroleum degradation efficiency with soil physicochemical factors, soil enzyme activities, and bacterial community structure during the remediation process. Results The addition of the bacterial consortium significantly increased the activities of soil dehydrogenase, lipase, polyphenol oxidase, and catalase and the remediation efficiency, and its remediation effect was better than that of strain OS62 with excellent petroleum degradation ability or strain P35 with weak petroleum degradation ability. Correlation analysis showed that soil petroleum residue was positively correlated with soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content and negatively correlated with soil enzyme activities and nitrite nitrogen content. The addition of Rhodococcus sp. OS62 or Pseudomonas sp. P35 had mild influences on soil microbial alpha diversity and molecular ecological network. Both strains had great contributions to the differences of bacterial community structure. Under different treatments, Nocardioides occupied a dominant position and were hub nodes in the molecular ecological network, while Mantel test showed that Nocardioides had a weak correlation with soil petroleum residue. Conclusion This study clarified that Pseudomonas sp. P35 with weak petroleum degradation ability could cooperate with Rhodococcus sp. OS62 with high petroleum degradation ability to enhance soil enzyme activities and improve the remediation efficiency of petroleum-contaminated soil. It provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for optimizing the application of bacteria consortium in bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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