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Research progress in the functions and polymorphism of the bacterial stress response regulator RpoS
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Jiali SHI1, 2, Yumeng WEI1, 2, Jiamin LI2, Xinchen TENG1, Kai SONG2, Yajun SONG1, 2
Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2026, 66(5) : 2091 - 2102
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Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2026, 66(5): 2091-2102
• Review •
Research progress in the functions and polymorphism of the bacterial stress response regulator RpoS
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Jiali SHI1, 2, Yumeng WEI1, 2, Jiamin LI2, Xinchen TENG1, Kai SONG2, Yajun SONG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
  • 2.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
Published: 2026-05-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250884
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The general stress response (GSR) is a global regulatory strategy developed by bacteria to adapt to diverse environmental stresses by coordinating a suite of physiological and metabolic changes, thereby enabling survival in fluctuating conditions. The alternative sigma factor RpoS (σS) serves as a central GSR regulator in bacteria and is crucial for bacterial responses to various stress conditions. Such regulators in bacteria are conserved, while polymorphic variations in rpoS are prevalent across numerous natural isolates and acclimated strains. This polymorphism reflects the adaptive trade-off mechanism formed by bacteria during the evolutionary process, positioning RpoS as a key model for investigating fitness trade-offs in bacteria. This review summarizes the functions and polymorphisms of RpoS and explores the potential environmental drivers underlying its polymorphism.

general stress response  /  fitness  /  RpoS function  /  rpoS polymorphism
Jiali SHI, Yumeng WEI, Jiamin LI, Xinchen TENG, Kai SONG, Yajun SONG. Research progress in the functions and polymorphism of the bacterial stress response regulator RpoS[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (5) : 2091 -2102 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250884
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  • The National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20526)
Appendix
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Year 2026 volume 66 Issue 5
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Article Info
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250884
  • Receive Date：2025-12-01
  • Online Date：2026-05-09
  • Published：2026-05-04
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-12-01
  • Accepted：2026-01-02
Funding
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20526)
Affiliations
    1.College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

Corresponding:

E-mail: SONG Kai, ;
SONG Yajun,
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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