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Trees can form mutualistic symbionts with mycorrhizal fungi. Different mycorrhizal types affect the community structure of endophytic fungi by regulating tree physiology and root microenvironment, thus becoming a key link driving the interaction network between soil and microorganisms in tropical forests. However, the mechanisms by which different mycorrhizal types regulate the diversity and community composition of endophytic fungi in tropical tree roots are still not fully understood. Objective To explore the effects of different mycorrhizal types on the diversity and community structure of root endophytic fungi in tropical trees, as well as their key driving factors, systematically clarifying how mycorrhizal types affect the composition and diversity of endophytic fungal communities by regulating root traits and rhizosphere environment, and identifying the key driving factors. Methods On the basis of 3 773 sets of soil and root data collected from three research sites of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) in Xishuangbanna tropical forest, China, we integrated and constructed a dataset at the tree species level. This dataset encompassed data of the root traits, soil physical and chemical properties, and the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) abundance of endophytic fungi in the roots of 119 trees (54 species) with arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) and 31 trees (12 species) with ectomycorrhizas (ECM), and it was then used for the research. Results The alpha diversity of endophytic fungi in the roots of AM trees was higher than that of ECM trees (P<0.05). Mycorrhizal types affected the dominant groups of root endophytic fungi. Ascomycota had the highest relative abundance (43.17%) in the roots of AM trees, and Basidiomycota had the highest relative abundance (65.17%) in the roots of ECM trees. The co-occurrence network analysis showed that the endophytic fungal network was denser in the roots of AM trees and more modular in roots of ECM trees. Soil properties were the dominant driving factors for the endophytic fungal communities in the roots of AM trees, while the endophytic fungal communities in the roots of ECM trees were regulated jointly by root traits and soil properties. Soil phosphorus was a key factor affecting the endophytic fungal communities in the roots of AM and ECM trees. Conclusion In tropical forest ecosystems, AM drives trees to form species-rich and closely interacting endophytic fungal communities in the roots, and the assembly process is mainly regulated by soil factors. ECM trees form a specialized symbiotic fungal system, whose construction is regulated by both root traits and soil factors. In addition, soil phosphorus is the core factor driving the formation of endophytic fungal communities in the roots of the two types of trees.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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