Kitchen waste contains recalcitrant lipids that are prone to rancidification and can cause environmental pollution. Objective To isolate efficient lipase-producing strains from kitchen waste, optimize their enzyme production conditions, and evaluate the lipid-degrading potential of their extracellular products in kitchen waste. Methods Lipase-producing strains were isolated from canteen swill via the neutral red medium and identified based on morphological characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Lipase production conditions were optimized through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. The properties of the lipase and the emulsification performance of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were analyzed. Results A strain designated C24202, exhibiting strong lipase- and biosurfactant-producing activity, was isolated and identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The fermentation conditions were optimized as follows: lactose 10.0 g/L, yeast extract 7.5 g/L, emulsified soybean oil 40.0 g/L, FeSO4 8.0 g/L, and incubation at 34 ℃ and initial pH 6.5 for 72 h. Under these conditions, the lipase activity reached (229.64±2.17) U/mL, representing a 2.55-fold increase compared with the pre-optimization level. The lipase exhibited an optimal temperature of 60 ℃ and retained 50.70% of its activity after incubation at 50 ℃ for 6 h, demonstrating good thermal stability. The EPS produced by strain C24202 showed strong emulsifying capacity, with an EI24 value of 46.92%. FTIR analysis suggested that the EPS may be polymeric glycolipopeptide-type biosurfactants. Conclusion Strain C24202 possesses dual capabilities of producing thermostable lipase and biosurfactants, demonstrating promising potential for lipid degradation and the treatment of oil-containing wastewater.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |