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[Objective] To construct a recombinant vaccinia virus strain WR that expresses dual reporters (luciferase Fluc and red fluorescent protein mCherry). [Methods] Firstly, the gRNA CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid targeting the J2R region of WR and the plasmid pJSE-Fluc/mCherry carrying the dual reporter genes were constructed. Then, the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool was used to insert the dual reporter genes into the TK region, and thus the recombinant vaccinia virus strain rWR-Fluc/mCherry (rWR) was constructed. The location and sequence of insertion in rWR were analyzed by PCR and sequencing. The recombinant strain rWR was characterized by mCherry/Fluc activity and plaque assays. The recombinant strain rWR was subcultured for 12 passages, and the expression levels of the dual reporter genes and E3L were determined to reveal the genetic stability of the strain. To analyze the replication dynamics of the virus in Vero and HeLa cells, we determined the cytopathic effect (CPE), TCID50, and dual reporter expression of rWR and the wild type (WR) in the infected cells. Furthermore, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of ST-246 as a positive drug on both rWR and WR in vitro by the plaque assay, qPCR, and dual reporter activity measurement. [Results] Fluc and mCherry were accurately inserted into the TK region of WR. The Vero cells infected with rWR showed the activities of dual reporters and the plaque morphology consistent with that of WR. After 12 passages, the dual reporter activities and E3L expression were stably detected in rWR, which indicated that rWR was successfully constructed and genetically stable. The CPE, TCID50, and dual reporter activity in Vero and HeLa cells indicated that replication peaked 48–72 h post-infection with rWR, which was consistent with the replication dynamics of WR. The median effective concentration (EC50) of ST-246 against rWR was in agreement with that against WR, and the EC50 (2–7 nmol/L) obtained by the plaque assay, qPCR, and dual reporter activity measurement showed good consistency (r > 0.500 0 and P < 0.05). [Conclusion] A recombinant vaccinia virus strain rWR simultaneously expressing Fluc and mCherry was successfully constructed, and it was genetically stable. This strain might be used as an in vitro system for rapid screening and characterization of anti-orthopoxvirus drugs with simple operation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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