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Probiotics refer to live microorganisms that are beneficial to the health of the host when ingested in sufficient quantities, and their beneficial effects have been widely recognized. However, the probiotic function of probiotics is strain-specific. As more and more emerging technologies are introduced into the research on probiotics, the screening of probiotics with specific functions according to individual needs has become a research hotspot. Conventional probiotic screening methods have limitations and cannot meet the current demand for precision medicine. Therefore, a bottom-up precision screening strategy for probiotics based on phenotyping, genotyping, and target is of great practical significance. This article discusses the theoretical basis, methods, and technologies of accurate screening of probiotics from phenotype, genotyping, and target, and the application and safety evaluation of probiotics, aiming to provide reference for the accurate screening of probiotics.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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