[Objective] Bio-inspired artificial mineral shells are used to protect living bacterial cells. [Methods] Bacterial cells were encapsulated in firm and intact mineral shells, where the limited physical space and substance exchange induced the dormancy of living bacteria to decrease the viability loss during long-term preservation and even in extreme environments. Moreover, acids can erode the shells to reactivate the bacteria. [Results] Compared with the un-mineralization treatment (EcN), the mineralization treatment (EcN@CaCO3) increased the bacterial viability by a maximum of 262 folds in a 32-day storage experiment and the survival rate by 837, 171, 59.1, and 729.7 folds at pH 2.5, pH 12.0, 80 ℃, and in the presence of an antibiotic, respectively. [Conclusion] We employed biomimetic mineralization to improve the stability of bacterial cells in storage, which can provide a research basis for the application of microorganisms in environmental engineering, food production, and biomedical engineering.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |