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[Objective] This study aims to investigate the soil fungal community structure in the tea plantations of Heshan and explore the relationship between fungal community and soil physicochemical properties. [Methods] We employed high-throughput sequencing to analyze the soil fungal community composition of 49 rhizosphere soil samples collected from healthy and mismanaging tea plantations in Heshan. The redundancy analysis (RDA) was performed to analyze the effects of soil physicochemical properties on the fungal community structure. The pairwise Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to compare the fungal taxa between the two kinds of tea plantations. FUNGuild was used to predict the soil fungal functions. [Results] Basidiomycota,Mortierellomycota, andAscomycota were the three dominant phyla in the rhizosphere soil of tea plantations in Heshan. The mismanagement of tea plantations increased the relative abundance ofBasidiomycota, but significantly decreased the relative abundance ofMortierellomycota. The fungal richness, Chao1 index, and ACE index were significantly lower in the mismanaging tea plantation than in the healthy tea plantation. The total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, organic matter, and available nitrogen were the primary driving factors for the differences of soil fungal β diversity. The soil pH, total phosphorus, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+, available phosphorus, and available potassium were significantly correlated with the fungal taxa. Compared with the healthy tea plantation, the mismanaging tea plantation showed decreased relative abundance of core fungal taxa but increased relative abundance of medium and rare taxa. Ten of OTUs was common between healthy and mismanaging tea plantations. The pathogens causing tea gray blight, i.e.,Pseudopestalotiopsis theae andFusarium keratoplasticum, were identified in the healthy tea plantation. The relative abundance of biocontrol fungi,Trichoderma spirale andT.atroviride, significantly increased in the mismanaging tea plantation. The mismanaging tea plantation demonstrated increased relative abundance of pathotrophic, pathotrophic- saprotrophic-symbiotrophic, and symbiotrophic fungi but decreased relative abundance of saprotrophic-symbiotrophic fungi. [Conclusion] We elucidated the relationship of management mode with fungal community composition and soil physicochemical properties, providing the insights into the prevention and control of pathogens infecting black tea and the screening of biocontrol fungi in Heshan.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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