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Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused byFusarium graminearum is one of the major diseases limiting wheat production. Biocontrol has been considered an effective and sustainable method for the control of crop diseases. [Objective] To screen out endophytic strains with inhibitory effects onF.graminearum from wheat grains and evaluate their biocontrol potential, providing strain resources and theoretical support for the development and utilization of biocontrol agents against FHB in wheat. [Methods] Plate confrontation, spore germination, and cell-free supernatant (CFS) inhibition experiments were carried out to screen out the endophytic strains with antagonistic activity againstF.graminearum from wheat grains. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were employed to observe the conidial morphology, membrane integrity, and mycelial reactive oxygen species ofF.graminearum treated with the CFS. Pot experiments were performed to verify the biocontrol effects of the endophytic bacteria on FHB. Illumina HiSeq was used for whole genome sequencing. [Results] A highly efficient endophytic strain JB7 inhibiting the growth ofF.graminearum was isolated from wheat grains. The CFS of strain JB7 in the decline stage showed the inhibition rate of 85.23% on the spore germination ofF.graminearum. Moreover, it led to concavity on spore surface, cell membrane damage, leakage of nucleic acids and proteins, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the mycelia ofF.graminearum. The CFS of strain JB7 significantly increased the content of soluble protein and malondialdehyde. Strain JB7 could produce protease, cellulase, glucanase, and siderophores. Pot experiments showed that strain JB7 decreased the disease index of FHB (P < 0.05) in wheat. The strain was identified asBacillus methylotrophic JB7 by whole genome sequencing, and it carried 12 gene clusters for the synthesis of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial functions. [Conclusion] Strain JB7 could inhibit the growth ofF.graminearum and demonstrated a strong control effect on FHB, serving as a candidate strain for the biocontrol of FHB in wheat.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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