2-phenylethanol (2-PE) is a rose-scented aromatic alcohol commonly used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. The physical and chemical production methods of 2-PE are not suitable for industrial application due to the low yields. As a single-celled eukaryotic microorganism, yeast has the potential to efficiently synthesize natural 2-PE. Therefore, the strategy of using yeast as a chassis microorganism to synthesize 2-PE is favored by researchers. However, during the fermentation for 2-PE production, the yeast is inevitably affected by the toxic effects of 2-PE. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate the mechanisms of yeast tolerance to 2-PE, which will provide a theoretical basis for production practice and help to select yeast strains with high tolerance to 2-PE. In this paper, we review the research advances in 2-PE tolerance of yeast from the synthetic pathways of 2-PE and yeast tolerance mechanisms and introduce the methods for improving the 2-PE tolerance of yeast. Deciphering the mechanism of yeast tolerance to 2-PE for improving the yield and conversion efficiency of 2-PE in yeast is a top priority for the future research.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |