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Research progress in ecological functions of soil viruses
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Ziting CHEN1, 2, 3, Liang WEI2, 3, Zhenke ZHU2, 3, Shunbao LU1, *, Tida GE2, 3, Shuang WANG2, 3, *
Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2025, 65(6) : 2401 - 2417
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Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2025, 65(6): 2401-2417
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Research progress in ecological functions of soil viruses
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Ziting CHEN1, 2, 3, Liang WEI2, 3, Zhenke ZHU2, 3, Shunbao LU1, *, Tida GE2, 3, Shuang WANG2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
  • 2.National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ningbo University, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
  • 3.International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for the Regulation of Soil Biological Functions and One Health of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Published: 2025-06-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250107
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Viruses, non-cellular biological entities composed of a protein shell and genetic materials, must parasitize living cells to proliferate and are the most numerous biological entities on Earth. Soil is an important reservoir of viruses, predominantly bacteriophages that infect prokaryotes. Soil viruses play crucial ecological roles in regulating host community structure, driving microbial evolution, and mediating biogeochemical cycles. Delving into these functions and their mechanisms not only elucidates the indispensable role of viruses in soil ecosystems but also underpins sustainable soil management. In this paper, we summarized current knowledge on the ecological functions of soil bacteriophages, including (1) host community modulation: selective survival strategies (e.g., lytic-lysogenic switches) that reshape microbial composition and diversity, while altering host virulence and fitness; (2) evolutionary drivers: horizontal gene transfer mediated by viral vectors and host-pathogen coevolution dynamics; (3) biogeochemical catalysts: the viral shunt mechanism, alongside auxiliary metabolic genes enhancing nutrient cycling; (4) cross-kingdom impacts: direct interactions with plant rhizospheres and indirect effects on human health via zoonotic gene dissemination. According to the research progress, we make an outlook on the future research directions regarding the ecological functions of soil viruses.

soil viruses  /  survival mechanisms  /  auxiliary metabolic gene  /  nutrient cycling  /  population evolution
Ziting CHEN, Liang WEI, Zhenke ZHU, Shunbao LU, Tida GE, Shuang WANG. Research progress in ecological functions of soil viruses[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (6) : 2401 -2417 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250107
Funding
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  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(42477339)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260297)
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1701200)
Appendix
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Year 2025 volume 65 Issue 6
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185
82
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Article Info
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250107
  • Receive Date：2025-02-17
  • Online Date：2026-02-07
  • Published：2025-06-04
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-02-17
  • Accepted：2025-05-08
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42477339)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260297)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1701200)
Affiliations
    1.College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
    2.National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ningbo University, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
    3.International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for the Regulation of Soil Biological Functions and One Health of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China

Corresponding:

*E-mail: WANG Shuang:
LU Shunbao:
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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