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Microplastics are novel pollutants that are widespread in the oceans, soil, and atmosphere, affecting the process of pollutant transport and transformation through physical, chemical or biological interactions. The heavy metal pollution caused by mining activities in the soil and water environment around antimony mining regions is increasing year by year. However, the effect of microplastics on the biogeochemical transformation of heavy metal contaminants in the mining regions has been rarely reported. [Objective] To understand the effects of microplastic type, size and concentration on microbially mediated antimony release from stibnite. [Methods] We took Pseudomonas sp. J-1 with strong antimony tolerance and promoting antimony release and widely used polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene as the objects of the study. The changes in pH, redox potential (ORP), microbial biomass, and antimony concentration were analyzed. Furthermore, microplastic adsorption of antimony under different pH values was studied, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were employed to reveal the mechanism by which microplastics affected the biogeochemical cycle of antimony. [Results] Polypropylene with a particle size of 13 μm and a high concentration had the strongest inhibitory effect on stibnite dissolution with the participation of Pseudomonas sp. J-1. Microplastics inhibited the growth of the bacterial colony, which led to weakened promoting effect on the release of antimony, and the growth of Pseudomonas sp. J-1 was even completely inhibited by the high concentration of microplastics. Microplastics were able to adsorb antimony, while the adsorption capacity was independent of solution pH. [Conclusion] The type, particle size, and concentration of microplastics are the key factors affecting the stibnite dissolution mediated by Pseudomonas sp. J-1 and they indirectly affect stibnite dissolution mainly by influencing microbial growth.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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