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[Objective] To improve the fermentation performance by optimizing the fermentation medium and conditions of Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii YC25, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent industrial development and application of the strain. [Methods] With the spore yield as the indicator, the optimal fermentation conditions were screened by single factor tests. On this basis, the response surface methodology was employed to optimize the fermentation medium. Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the control effects of the optimized fermentation broth on tobacco black shank and tobacco Fusarium root rot. [Results] The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: 30 ℃, 180 r/min, an inoculation amount of 2%, a liquid-loading volume of 20%, and fermentation time 36 h. The optimum fermentation medium was as follows: corn starch 15.53 g/L, soybean meal 8.70 g/L, KH2PO4 0.50 g/L, MgSO4 0.92 g/L, and CaCO3 0.50 g/L. Under these conditions, the spore yield reached 1.423 3×1010 CFU/mL. The results of pot experiments showed that the control effects of the fermentation broth diluted by 20 times on tobacco black shank and tobacco Fusarium root rot were 77.88% and 62.09%, respectively. [Conclusion] The optimized medium could significantly increase the spore yield of strain YC25, and the disease indexes of tobacco black shank and tobacco Fusarium root rot were significantly reduced after the application of YC25 fermentation broth. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of the biocontrol strain YC25 and the prevention and control of field diseases in the future.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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