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Saline-alkali land is a common type of degraded soil with wide distribution across the globe. Among all types of saline-alkali land, soda saline-alkali land, characterized by the coexistence of high salinity and alkalinity, is particularly difficult to be managed and represent a major obstacle to the effective utilization of soil resources. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance plant growth and survival by improving nutrient uptake and increasing stress resistance, offering promising potential for the reclamation and utilization of saline-alkali land. [Objective] To explore how the structures and diversity of the AMF community vary along a soda saline-alkaline stress gradient in response to stress and other environmental factors. [Methods] We collected soil samples subjected to varying levels of soda saline-alkaline stress from Changling County and Da’an City in Jilin Province. The sampling sites included Suaeda glauca-covered wildland (pH 10.0-10.5), unvegetated bare land (pH 9.5-10.0), and maize (Zea mays L.) farmlands under varying levels of stress (pH 8.5-10.0). The structures and diversity of AMF communities in these soil samples were analyzed by Illumina-based 18S rRNA gene sequencing. [Results] AMF communities were predominantly composed of Entrophospora, Funneliformis, Rhizoglomus, and Dominikia. The relative abundance of AMF was significantly positively correlated with soil total carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available nitrogen, and it was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH, electrical conductivity, and salt content. The AMF community structure was significantly associated with soil total carbon and pH. The Shannon diversity (alpha diversity) of AMF showed significantly positive correlations with total phosphorus and salt content, while the AMF community structure dispersion (beta diversity) was significantly negatively correlated with electrical conductivity. Moreover, the alpha diversity and beta diversity of AMF had a significantly negative correlation. [Conclusion] Saline-alkaline stress exerted homogeneous selection on the AMF community, leading to reduced community size, decreased beta diversity, increased alpha diversity, and altered community composition.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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