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Physio-biochemical and molecular regulation mechanism of flgK on Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae
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Haozhe LIU1, 2, Zhiqi ZHANG2, 3, Yongxiang YU2, 3, Chunyuan WANG2, 3, Yingeng WANG2, 3, Xiaojun RONG2, 3, Meijie LIAO2, 3, Zhang LUO1, Zheng ZHANG2, 3, *
Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2025, 65(8) : 3583 - 3599
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Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2025, 65(8): 3583-3599
• Research Article •
Physio-biochemical and molecular regulation mechanism of flgK on Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae
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Haozhe LIU1, 2, Zhiqi ZHANG2, 3, Yongxiang YU2, 3, Chunyuan WANG2, 3, Yingeng WANG2, 3, Xiaojun RONG2, 3, Meijie LIAO2, 3, Zhang LUO1, Zheng ZHANG2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
  • 2.State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
  • 3.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
Published: 2025-08-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250033
Outline
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Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (PDD), a pathogenic bacterium widely found in seawater, can infect a variety of economic fish and cause huge economic losses to the global aquaculture industry. The flagellar gene flgK encodes the flagellar hook protein FlgK, which is essential for the normal formation of bacterial flagella. [Objective] To systematically analyze the influencing mechanism of flgK on the virulence of PDD. [Methods] The flgK-deleted mutant of PDD (ΔflgK-PDD) was constructed by homologous recombination mediated by a high-efficiency suicide plasmid, and the mutation was confirmed by gene sequencing. The biological characteristics, virulence gene expression, and pathogenicity were compared between ΔflgK-PDD and the wild-type strain (WT-PDD). [Results] There was no significant difference in the growth ability, hemolytic activity or phospholipase activity between ΔflgK-PDD and WT-PDD. However, the motility and biofilm formation of ΔflgK-PDD were significantly lower than those of WT-PDD. Transmission electron microscopy showed that ΔflgK-PDD failed to form a flagellar structure. The artificial infection experiments showed that the LD50 of ΔflgK-PDD in Sebastes schlegelii was 557% that of WT-PDD, and the pathogenicity was significantly reduced. Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that compared with WT-PDD, ΔflgK-PDD demonstrated significantly down-regulated expression of the flagellar-related genes fliK and flgL, the type II secretion system (T2SS)-related genes gspC and gspD, and the virulence gene hlyApl. The expression levels of flagellar-related gene fliH, T2SS-related gene gspE, outer membrane-related genes ompP, lapB, and flhB were significantly up-regulated, and those of the remaining genes did not change significantly. [Conclusion] The mutation of flgK can lead to the failure of ΔflgK-PDD to form a complete flagellar structure and significantly change the relative expression levels of flagellar-related genes, thereby reducing the motility and colonization ability and ultimately weakening the pathogenicity of PDD.

Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae  /  flgK  /  pathogenicity  /  molecular mechanism
Haozhe LIU, Zhiqi ZHANG, Yongxiang YU, Chunyuan WANG, Yingeng WANG, Xiaojun RONG, Meijie LIAO, Zhang LUO, Zheng ZHANG. Physio-biochemical and molecular regulation mechanism of flgK on Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (8) : 3583 -3599 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250033
Funding
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  • National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2400704)
  • Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021MC027)
  • Fundamental Research Funds of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(2023TD29)
Appendix
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Year 2025 volume 65 Issue 8
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Article Info
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250033
  • Receive Date：2025-01-14
  • Online Date：2026-02-06
  • Published：2025-08-04
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-01-14
  • Accepted：2025-03-14
Funding
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2400704)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021MC027)
Fundamental Research Funds of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(2023TD29)
Affiliations
    1.College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
    3.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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