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Plants require a large amount of phosphorus for metabolic processes. However, the available phosphorus in the soil is typically less than 0.1% of total phosphorus, which is difficult to meet the growth and development of plants. The symbiosis system of ectomycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal helper bacteria can significantly improve the availability of soil phosphorus and promote the efficient uptake of phosphorus by plants. In this review, we discussed the solubilization and mineralization of chelated inorganic phosphorus, soluble organic phosphorus, and chelated organic phosphorus by ectomycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal helper bacteria. Ectomycorrhizal fungi mainly promote the solubilization of chelated inorganic phosphorus by regulating the organic acid and proton metabolism of mycorrhizal helper bacteria. They accelerate the mineralization of soluble organic phosphorus by enhancing the activities of related phosphatases in themselves and in mycorrhizal helper bacteria. Ectomycorrhizal fungi may first stimulate the mycorrhizal helper bacteria to secrete organic acids for solubilizing chelated organic phosphorus into soluble phosphorus before mineralization. Moreover, we explored the molecular mechanisms of metabolite signal exchange and secretion in the symbiosis system and outlined the prospects for studying the interactions between ectomycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal helper bacteria in promoting plant phosphorus uptake.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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