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Research progress in the fitness cost and prevention and control strategies of antibiotic resistant bacteria
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Yixiao LUO1, Jierong CHEN1, Zhicong LUO1, Xinchen ZHENG1, Junjin LUO1, Yue LI1, Xin WEN1, Tao CHEN2, Yinbao WU1, 3, 4
Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2026, 66(2) : 595 - 609
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Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2026, 66(2): 595-609
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Research progress in the fitness cost and prevention and control strategies of antibiotic resistant bacteria
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Yixiao LUO1, Jierong CHEN1, Zhicong LUO1, Xinchen ZHENG1, Junjin LUO1, Yue LI1, Xin WEN1, Tao CHEN2, Yinbao WU1, 3, 4
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
  • 2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
  • 3.State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
  • 4.Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Published: 2026-02-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250668
Outline
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Antibiotic resistance (AR) in microorganisms has become a crucial challenge to global public health security. The acquirement of AR in microorganisms is often accompanied by a fitness cost. Typically, in an environment without antibiotics, the bacterial community with AR shows weaker competitiveness than susceptible bacteria, which makes antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) a burden for bacteria. This article elaborates on the mechanisms underlying the generation of fitness costs and the corresponding measurement methods, provides examples to illustrate the fitness costs mediated by ARGs under different acquisition methods, and introduces the differences in fitness costs between chromosome-mediated and plasmid-mediated ARGs as well as their molecular mechanisms. Finally, it proposes prevention and control strategies for antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) based on fitness costs. This article reveals the biological law of the trade-off between antibiotic resistance and bacterial fitness and provides ideas for preventing and controlling the global public health security issues caused by ARB and ARGs.

antibiotic resistant bacteria  /  fitness cost  /  resistance mechanism  /  horizontal gene transfer  /  prevention and control
Yixiao LUO, Jierong CHEN, Zhicong LUO, Xinchen ZHENG, Junjin LUO, Yue LI, Xin WEN, Tao CHEN, Yinbao WU. Research progress in the fitness cost and prevention and control strategies of antibiotic resistant bacteria[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (2) : 595 -609 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250668
Funding
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  • the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32402820)
  • the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS-40)
Appendix
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Year 2026 volume 66 Issue 2
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242
106
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Article Info
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250668
  • Receive Date：2025-09-01
  • Online Date：2026-02-05
  • Published：2026-02-04
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2025-09-01
  • Accepted：2025-11-04
Funding
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32402820)
the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS-40)
Affiliations
    1.College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
    2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
    4.Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Corresponding:

E-mail: CHEN Tao,
WU Yinbao,
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Citations
表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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