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Dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β mediate the nuclear translocation of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coeniadensovirus
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Qian PENG1, 2, Tian XIE1, Xinyan QIU1, Zhenzhong CHEN1, 2, Yue FU1, 2, Zuwen CHEN1, 2, *
Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2026, 66(1) : 352 - 363
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Acta Microbiologica Sinica | 2026, 66(1): 352-363
• Research Article •
Dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β mediate the nuclear translocation of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coeniadensovirus
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Qian PENG1, 2, Tian XIE1, Xinyan QIU1, Zhenzhong CHEN1, 2, Yue FU1, 2, Zuwen CHEN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
  • 2.Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang, Hubei, China
Published: 2026-01-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250538
Outline
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[Objective] We explored the nuclear translocation dynamics and pathways of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coenia densovirus (JcDV) in the epidermal cell line HaEpi derived from the larvae of Helicoverpa armigera, aiming to provide theoretical support for clarifying the assembly and proliferation processes of JcDV. [Methods] The wild-type and mutant plasmids of VP1 protein fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were constructed and transfected into HaEpi cells. Subsequently, the subcellular localization dynamics of the VP1 protein were analyzed, and the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and key amino acid residues of the protein were identified. The importin genes expressed by HaEpi cells were cloned. Subsequently, the plasmids of importins fused with DsRed2 were constructed to analyze their subcellular localization. The co-localization and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were employed to analyze the interactions between VP1 protein and importins. [Results] The VP1 protein was located in the cytoplasm at 6 h post transfection, and then gradually translocated to the nucleus until 48 h. The NLS of VP1 protein was located at 325-EGTKRKADTPVEEGPSKKGAH-345, among which K328, R329, K341 were the key amino acid residues affecting the nuclear localization. The importins Haimpα1, Haimpα4, and Haimpα7 were located in the nucleus, while Haimpβ1 was mainly located around the nuclear membrane. The co-localization and Co-IP results indicated that the VP1 protein interacted with Haimpα1, Haimpα4, and Haimpβ1 but not with Haimpα7. [Conclusion] The structural protein VP1 of JcDV can be translocated into the nucleus through the dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β.

densovirus  /  structural protein  /  nuclear localization signal  /  importin  /  nuclear translocation pathway
Qian PENG, Tian XIE, Xinyan QIU, Zhenzhong CHEN, Yue FU, Zuwen CHEN. Dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β mediate the nuclear translocation of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coeniadensovirus[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (1) : 352 -363 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250538
Funding
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  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070483)
  • Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains(202141404)
  • Census Project of Agricultural Alien Invasive Species in Macheng(20120220267)
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Year 2026 volume 66 Issue 1
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Article Info
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250538
  • Receive Date：2025-07-13
  • Online Date：2026-01-12
  • Published：2026-01-04
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-07-13
  • Accepted：2025-08-20
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070483)
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains(202141404)
Census Project of Agricultural Alien Invasive Species in Macheng(20120220267)
Affiliations
    1.College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
    2.Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang, Hubei, China

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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