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[Objective] We systematically analyzed the growth and compared the ectoine accumulation of Halomonas campaniensis XH26 cultured with nine different amino acids, aiming to clarify the optimal amino acid for ectoine accumulation of strain XH26. [Methods] Under the optimal salt concentration of 1.5 mol/L, nine amino acids (l-monosodium glutamate, l-glutamine, l-aspartic acid, l-asparagine, l-histidine, l-tryptophan, l-glycine, l-serine, and l-lysine) were selected as the single carbon/nitrogen source of the culture medium and added within the concentration range of 20-50 mmol/L (interval of 5 mmol/L), on the basis of which the optimal concentration and optimal amino acid for ectoine accumulation were screened. l-aspartic acid was selected to culture the cells at low (L, 20 mmol/L), medium (M, 35 mmol/L), and high (H, 50 mmol/L) concentrations for targeted metabolomics sequencing and analysis. [Results] The amount of ectoine synthesis first increased and then decreased as the amino acid concentration increased and reached the highest at optimum concentration (30/35 mmol/L). Metabolomics analysis screened out 28 (L vs. M), 27 (L vs. H), and 26 (H vs. M) significantly differential metabolites, such as glyceric acid, lactose, adenosine 5′-monophosphate, α-ketoglutaric acid, glucose-1-phosphate, fumaric acid, and citric acid. KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that l-alanine, l-aspartic acid, and l-glutamate metabolic pathways were the most significantly enriched pathways. [Conclusion] Targeted metabolomics of differential metabolites of bacteria discovers that the strain achieves a rebalance between nitrogen homeostasis and energy supply through the aspartate-alanine axis and the arginine-proline metabolic axis.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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