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目的 回顾性分析地级市三甲医院内分泌相关人群尿碘检测应用现状与碘营养分布特征。
方法 收集本院检验科2025年2—12月尿碘检测记录，按世界卫生组织（World Health Organization, WHO）推荐的尿碘中位数评价标准：一般人群以<100 μg/L为不足、100~199 μg/L为适宜、200~299 μg/L为偏高、≥300 μg/L为过量；孕妇以<150 μg/L为不足、150~249 μg/L为适宜、250~499 μg/L为偏高、≥500 μg/L为过量进行分层。计量资料以中位数（四分位数）表示，组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis检验；分类资料采用χ2检验。
结果 共纳入尿碘检测记录1274条，女性1090条（85.6%），男性184条（14.4%）；年龄中位数48（34，56）岁。就诊来源以内分泌相关科室为主（1076条，84.5%）。主要临床诊断集中于甲状腺功能亢进相关410条（32.2%）和甲状腺功能减退相关329条（25.8%）。总体尿碘中位数为306.1（196.5, 463.8） μg/L。按人群分层后，碘营养分布为：不足84条（6.6%）、适宜262条（20.6%）、偏高334条（26.2%）、过量594条（46.6%）。不同科室分组（内分泌相关/妇产相关/其他）尿碘水平差异有统计学意义（Kruskal-Wallis：P<0.05），碘营养分层构成差异显著（χ2=51.73，P<0.05）。不同诊断分组间尿碘水平差异亦有统计学意义（P<0.05），碘营养分层构成差异显著（P<0.05）。
结论 本院2025年尿碘检测以内分泌相关人群为主，总体呈“偏高/过量”占比高的分布特征。建议对甲状腺疾病随访人群开展分层管理与宣教，结合孕产人群阈值差异进行结果解读，优化开单指征与复测策略。
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