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Phosphorus is one of the important nutrient elements in the soil, which has an important influence on crop growth. The availability and availability of phosphorus elements vary in their morphology. Accurate and rapid analysis of phosphorus morphology in soil is crucial for rational fertilization and increasing crop yield. This paper discusses the rapid analysis method of phosphorus elements in soil morphology, introduces the determination of phosphorus including instrument working conditions setting, working curve and ICP method. The application of ICP method as a simple and easy detection method in phosphorus analysis was discussed, through the actual detection method to verify the accuracy and reliability of different detection methods. Finally, the comprehensive application of various methods can quickly and accurately analyze the morphology of phosphorus in soil.
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*GAO Wen, Engineer, Fujian Provincial Geological Testing and Research Center, Fuzhou 350000, China. E-mail:
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本文探讨土壤中磷元素形态的快速分析方法,介绍磷的测定方式包括仪器工作条件设置、工作曲线和ICP法,讨论 ICP 法作为一种简便易行的检测方法在磷元素分析中的应用,通过实际检测对比的方法验证不同检测方法的准确性和可靠性。最后总结多种方法综合应用,可快速准确地分析土壤中磷元素的形态。磷是土壤中重要的营养元素之一,对作物生长具有重要影响。磷元素的形态不同,其有效性和可利用性也有所差异,准确、快速地分析土壤中磷元素的形态对于合理施肥和提高作物产量至关重要。
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高雯,工程师,研究方向为土壤有效态。 |
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高雯,工程师,研究方向为土壤有效态。
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高雯,工程师,研究方向为土壤有效态。
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Colorimetric standard curve y=-0.1238 ${\mathrm{x}}^{2}+ {1.1057}\mathrm{x}- {0.0111}$
${\mathrm{R}}^{2}= {0.9997}$
, figureFileSmall=D6oeuJqFfn9n89qCqAeCQA==, figureFileBig=j3vZ3EYBubAZDezkQWklsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156967608546317309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=
比色法标准曲线, figureFileSmall=D6oeuJqFfn9n89qCqAeCQA==, figureFileBig=j3vZ3EYBubAZDezkQWklsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156967608626009087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
The ICP phosphorus standard curve, figureFileSmall=+LWuAV6LRbgBKoMQpDmo+g==, figureFileBig=Ft/76nZmhSc+Cr7QsI3Q4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156967608730865666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=
ICP 磷标准曲线, figureFileSmall=+LWuAV6LRbgBKoMQpDmo+g==, figureFileBig=Ft/76nZmhSc+Cr7QsI3Q4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156967608802168835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Reagents and materials, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试剂名称 | 规格 | 生产厂家 |
| 盐酸 | 2500 mL/ 瓶 | 西陇化工股份有限公司 |
| 硫酸 | ${2500}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$/ 瓶 | 西陇化工股份有限公司 |
| 钼酸铵 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 西陇科学股份有限公司 |
| 酒石酸锑钾 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市光复科技发展有限公司 |
| 二硝基酚 | ${25}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 西亚试剂有限公司 |
| 抗坏血酸 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 西陇科学股份有限公司 |
| 氯化铵 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市科密欧化学试剂有限公司 |
| 氟化铵 | ${250}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市永大化学试剂有限公司 |
| 氢氧化钠 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市津东天正精细化学试剂厂 |
| 氯化钠 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市光复科技发展有限公司 |
| 柠檬酸钠 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 国药集团化学试剂有限公司 |
| 连二亚硫酸钠 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 西陇科学股份有限公司 |
| 磷标准溶液 | ${\rho }_{8}= {1000\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{{mL}}$ | 市售有证标准溶液 GSB 04-1741-2004(a) |
| 磷标准贮备液 | - | 取 ${10.0}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$ 磷标准溶液加 ${0.5}\%$ 硫酸溶液定容至刻度 |
| 5 mg/L 磷标准溶液 | ${\rho }_{8}= 5\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{L}$ | 吸取 ${5.00}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$ 磷标准储备液加水定容至刻度 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967608873472006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=
试剂与材料, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试剂名称 | 规格 | 生产厂家 |
| 盐酸 | 2500 mL/ 瓶 | 西陇化工股份有限公司 |
| 硫酸 | ${2500}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$/ 瓶 | 西陇化工股份有限公司 |
| 钼酸铵 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 西陇科学股份有限公司 |
| 酒石酸锑钾 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市光复科技发展有限公司 |
| 二硝基酚 | ${25}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 西亚试剂有限公司 |
| 抗坏血酸 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 西陇科学股份有限公司 |
| 氯化铵 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市科密欧化学试剂有限公司 |
| 氟化铵 | ${250}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市永大化学试剂有限公司 |
| 氢氧化钠 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市津东天正精细化学试剂厂 |
| 氯化钠 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 天津市光复科技发展有限公司 |
| 柠檬酸钠 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 国药集团化学试剂有限公司 |
| 连二亚硫酸钠 | ${500}\mathrm{\;g}/$ 瓶 | 西陇科学股份有限公司 |
| 磷标准溶液 | ${\rho }_{8}= {1000\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{{mL}}$ | 市售有证标准溶液 GSB 04-1741-2004(a) |
| 磷标准贮备液 | - | 取 ${10.0}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$ 磷标准溶液加 ${0.5}\%$ 硫酸溶液定容至刻度 |
| 5 mg/L 磷标准溶液 | ${\rho }_{8}= 5\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{L}$ | 吸取 ${5.00}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$ 磷标准储备液加水定容至刻度 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967608961552393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Instrument, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 仪器名称 | 型号 | 生产厂家 |
| 电感耦合等离子体光谱仪 | iCAP 7400 型 | 美国赛默飞世尔 |
| 紫外可见分光光度计 | UV 2300II | 上海天美 |
| 高温马弗炉 | SXZ-8-13 型 | 上海波洛实验设备有限公司 |
| 恒温干燥箱 | 101A-4B 型 | 上海锦昱科学仪器有限公司 |
| 电子天平 | BSA 124S 型 | 德国赛多利斯仪器有限公司 |
| 低速大容量离心机 | TDL-5-A 型 | 上海安亭科学仪器厂 |
| 全自动溶液配置仪 | SARA-02 | 上海兰博有限公司 |
| ${20}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$ 单标线移液管 | - | 天津天玻玻璃有限公司 |
| 调速振荡器 | HY-2 型 | 常州国华 |
| 塑料离心管 | 50 mL | 无锡耐思生命科技股份有限公司 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609049632780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=
仪器, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 仪器名称 | 型号 | 生产厂家 |
| 电感耦合等离子体光谱仪 | iCAP 7400 型 | 美国赛默飞世尔 |
| 紫外可见分光光度计 | UV 2300II | 上海天美 |
| 高温马弗炉 | SXZ-8-13 型 | 上海波洛实验设备有限公司 |
| 恒温干燥箱 | 101A-4B 型 | 上海锦昱科学仪器有限公司 |
| 电子天平 | BSA 124S 型 | 德国赛多利斯仪器有限公司 |
| 低速大容量离心机 | TDL-5-A 型 | 上海安亭科学仪器厂 |
| 全自动溶液配置仪 | SARA-02 | 上海兰博有限公司 |
| ${20}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$ 单标线移液管 | - | 天津天玻玻璃有限公司 |
| 调速振荡器 | HY-2 型 | 常州国华 |
| 塑料离心管 | 50 mL | 无锡耐思生命科技股份有限公司 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609104158734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
iCAP 7400 working conditions, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 工作参数 | 设定值 |
| RF 功率 | 1150 W |
| 雾化器气流量 | 0.5 L/min |
| 进样泵速 | 100 r/min |
| 冷却气流量 | 12 L/min |
| 辅助气流量 | 0.5 L/min |
| 观测方式 | 垂直 |
| 积分时间 | $5\mathrm{\;s}$ |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609171267600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=
iCAP 7400 工作条件, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 工作参数 | 设定值 |
| RF 功率 | 1150 W |
| 雾化器气流量 | 0.5 L/min |
| 进样泵速 | 100 r/min |
| 冷却气流量 | 12 L/min |
| 辅助气流量 | 0.5 L/min |
| 观测方式 | 垂直 |
| 积分时间 | $5\mathrm{\;s}$ |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609229987857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Colorimetric standard curve determination situation, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| ${\mathrm{S}}_{0}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{1}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{4}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{5}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{6}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{7}$ |
| 浓度 (mg/L) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.4 |
| 吸光度 | 0.000 | 0.097 | 0.196 | 0.401 | 0.799 | 0.985 | 1.131 | 1.291 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609288708115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=CN, label=表 4, caption=
比色法标准曲线测定情况, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| ${\mathrm{S}}_{0}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{1}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{4}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{5}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{6}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{7}$ |
| 浓度 (mg/L) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.4 |
| 吸光度 | 0.000 | 0.097 | 0.196 | 0.401 | 0.799 | 0.985 | 1.131 | 1.291 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609351622676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
ICP standard series units (mg/L), figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 元素 | ${\mathrm{S}}_{0}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{1}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{4}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{5}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{6}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{7}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{8}$ |
| P | 0 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 10.0 | 25.0 | 50.0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609460674588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=CN, label=表 5, caption=
ICP 标准系列单位 $\left({\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{L}}\right)$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 元素 | ${\mathrm{S}}_{0}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{1}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{4}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{5}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{6}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{7}$ | ${\mathrm{S}}_{8}$ |
| P | 0 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 10.0 | 25.0 | 50.0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609515200545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=
Results of phosphorus in soil by colorimetric and ICP methods (mg/kg), figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GSS27 ( 778±41 ) | GSS28 $\left({{493}\pm {27}}\right)$ | GSS32 $\left({{287}\pm {32}}\right)$ |
| 比色法 | 平均值 ± 标准差 | ${757}\pm {11.1}$ | ${476.4}\pm {10.8}$ | ${289}\pm {13.9}$ |
| RSD (%) | 1.5 | 2.3 | 4.8 |
| RE(%) | -2.6 | -3.4 | 0.8 |
| ICP 法 | 平均值 ± 标准差 | ${780}\pm {4.6}$ | ${495}\pm {4.1}$ | ${285}\pm {6.6}$ |
| RSD (%) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 2.3 |
| RE(%) | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.6 |
), ArticleFig(id=1156967609586503715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156967541420676056, language=CN, label=表 6, caption=
比色法和 ICP 法土壤中磷测定结果单位 $\left({\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{kg}}}\right)$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GSS27 ( 778±41 ) | GSS28 $\left({{493}\pm {27}}\right)$ | GSS32 $\left({{287}\pm {32}}\right)$ |
| 比色法 | 平均值 ± 标准差 | ${757}\pm {11.1}$ | ${476.4}\pm {10.8}$ | ${289}\pm {13.9}$ |
| RSD (%) | 1.5 | 2.3 | 4.8 |
| RE(%) | -2.6 | -3.4 | 0.8 |
| ICP 法 | 平均值 ± 标准差 | ${780}\pm {4.6}$ | ${495}\pm {4.1}$ | ${285}\pm {6.6}$ |
| RSD (%) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 2.3 |
| RE(%) | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.6 |
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