Article(id=1156668070778233691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, issueId=1156668069717070592, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753700757926, onlineDateStr=2025-07-28, pubDate=1730995200000, pubDateStr=2024-11-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753700757926, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753700757926, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753700757926, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156668069717070592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, year='2024', volume='2', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='172', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=3, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753700757674, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753750130111, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156875152794411009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, issueId=1156668069717070592, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156875152798605314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, issueId=1156668069717070592, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=115, endPage=118, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156668071331881823, articleId=1156668070778233691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, language=EN, title=Thin layer identification and optimization of Anwei Granules and determination of active components, columnId=1156641066674676444, journalTitle=Laboratory Testing, columnName=Evaluation and Analysis, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish a specific, reliable and accurate quality control method to improve the quality standard of Anwei Granules. Methods The chromatography system, temperature and humidity of different reagents were investigated by silica gel thin layer chromatography (TLC) to optimize the thin layer identification of Coptidis rhizoma, Radix salviae miltiorrhizae and Linderae Radix. The content of total alkaloids in the preparation was determined by UV-Vis. Results The development system of Coptidis rhizoma was determined to be n-butanol-acetic acid-water (7 : 2.5 : 2), the development system of Radix salviae miltiorrhizae was toluene-trichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid$\left({2 : 3 : 4 :{0.5}: 2}\right)$, and the development system of Linderae Radix was trichloromethane-ethyl acetate-formic acid$\left({4 : 3 :{0.2}}\right)$. The negative results of the three drugs were not interfered. The total alkaloid content was${4.8328}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{g}$and RSD% was 1.83% by UV-Vis assay. Conclusion In this study, an effective method for improving the quality standard of Anwei Granules was established, which has the characteristics of good repeatability and strong specificity.

, correspAuthors=Zhen LONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*LONG Zhen, Master, Engineer, Food and Drug Evaluation and Inspection Center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530023, China. E-mail:
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目的 建立专属性强、可靠以及准确的质量控制方法以改善和提高安胃颗粒的质量标准。方法 运用硅胶薄层层析色谱法, 考察不同试剂的层析系统、温度和湿度以优化方中制黄连、丹参、乌药的薄层定性鉴别; 运用紫外- 分光光度法(UV-Vis)检测制剂中总生物碱的含量。结果 确定制黄连的展开系统为正丁醇-冰醋酸-水(7:2.5:2), 丹参的展开系统为甲苯-三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸(2:3:4:0.5:2),乌药的展开系统为三氯甲烷- 乙酸乙酯 - 甲酸($4 : 3 :{0.2}$),三个药的阴性均无干扰。经 UV-Vis 测定,该制剂总生物碱含量为 4.8328 mg/g, RSD%为 1.83%。结论 本研究建立了一种能有效提高安胃颗粒质量标准的方法, 并具有重复性好、专属性强的特点。

, correspAuthors=龙珍, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*龙珍,硕士,工程师,研究方向为药理学研究。E-mail:
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陈舒茵,硕士,副主任药师,研究方向为中药新药研究与质量标准研究。

龙珍,硕士,工程师,研究方向为药理学研究。

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陈舒茵,硕士,副主任药师,研究方向为中药新药研究与质量标准研究。

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陈舒茵,硕士,副主任药师,研究方向为中药新药研究与质量标准研究。

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安胃颗粒的薄层鉴别与优化及有效成分含量测定
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陈舒茵 1 , 梁国成 1 , 秦辛 1 , 莫钧婷 1 , 冯文勇 1 , 龙珍 2, *
实验室检测 | 评价与分析 2024,2(11): 115-118
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实验室检测 | 评价与分析 2024, 2(11): 115-118
安胃颗粒的薄层鉴别与优化及有效成分含量测定
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陈舒茵1, 梁国成1, 秦辛1, 莫钧婷1, 冯文勇1, 龙珍2, *
作者信息
  • 1 广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院 南宁 530011
  • 2 广西壮族自治区食品药品审评查验中心 南宁 530023
  • 陈舒茵,硕士,副主任药师,研究方向为中药新药研究与质量标准研究。

    龙珍,硕士,工程师,研究方向为药理学研究。

通讯作者:

*龙珍,硕士,工程师,研究方向为药理学研究。E-mail:
Thin layer identification and optimization of Anwei Granules and determination of active components
Shu-Yin CHEN1, Guo-Cheng LIANG1, Xin QIN1, Jun-Ting MO1, Wen-Yong FENG1, Zhen LONG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Food and Drug Evaluation and Inspection Center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning 530023 China
出版时间: 2024-11-08
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目的 建立专属性强、可靠以及准确的质量控制方法以改善和提高安胃颗粒的质量标准。方法 运用硅胶薄层层析色谱法, 考察不同试剂的层析系统、温度和湿度以优化方中制黄连、丹参、乌药的薄层定性鉴别; 运用紫外- 分光光度法(UV-Vis)检测制剂中总生物碱的含量。结果 确定制黄连的展开系统为正丁醇-冰醋酸-水(7:2.5:2), 丹参的展开系统为甲苯-三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸(2:3:4:0.5:2),乌药的展开系统为三氯甲烷- 乙酸乙酯 - 甲酸($4 : 3 :{0.2}$),三个药的阴性均无干扰。经 UV-Vis 测定,该制剂总生物碱含量为 4.8328 mg/g, RSD%为 1.83%。结论 本研究建立了一种能有效提高安胃颗粒质量标准的方法, 并具有重复性好、专属性强的特点。

安胃颗粒  /  薄层鉴别  /  紫外分光光度法  /  总生物碱

Objective To establish a specific, reliable and accurate quality control method to improve the quality standard of Anwei Granules. Methods The chromatography system, temperature and humidity of different reagents were investigated by silica gel thin layer chromatography (TLC) to optimize the thin layer identification of Coptidis rhizoma, Radix salviae miltiorrhizae and Linderae Radix. The content of total alkaloids in the preparation was determined by UV-Vis. Results The development system of Coptidis rhizoma was determined to be n-butanol-acetic acid-water (7 : 2.5 : 2), the development system of Radix salviae miltiorrhizae was toluene-trichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid$\left({2 : 3 : 4 :{0.5}: 2}\right)$, and the development system of Linderae Radix was trichloromethane-ethyl acetate-formic acid$\left({4 : 3 :{0.2}}\right)$. The negative results of the three drugs were not interfered. The total alkaloid content was${4.8328}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{g}$and RSD% was 1.83% by UV-Vis assay. Conclusion In this study, an effective method for improving the quality standard of Anwei Granules was established, which has the characteristics of good repeatability and strong specificity.

Anwei Granule  /  thin layer identification  /  ultraviolet spectrophotometry  /  total alkaloid
陈舒茵, 梁国成, 秦辛, 莫钧婷, 冯文勇, 龙珍. 安胃颗粒的薄层鉴别与优化及有效成分含量测定. 实验室检测, 2024 , 2 (11) : 115 -118 .
Shu-Yin CHEN, Guo-Cheng LIANG, Xin QIN, Jun-Ting MO, Wen-Yong FENG, Zhen LONG. Thin layer identification and optimization of Anwei Granules and determination of active components[J]. Laboratory Testing, 2024 , 2 (11) : 115 -118 .
安胃颗粒是由院内制剂协定处方安胃汤制成的颗粒剂。方剂是在全国名老中医林沛湘教授治疗慢性胃病的基础上由广西名中医林寿宁教授重新组方而成[1],以平调寒热且消痞健胃、 行气化湿且祛瘀止痛为主要功效,以黄连、干姜、制半夏、百合、 乌药等药物为主,是治疗脾胃病的有效方剂[2]。临床应用实践证明治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎安胃汤的治疗效果非常显著。薄层鉴别是定性分析少量物质的一种很重要的实验技术, 是对药物专属性很强的一种定性鉴别方法。而安胃颗粒的有效成分主要为总生物碱, 因而对安胃颗粒进行薄层鉴别研究及总生物碱的含量测定, 对建立其质量标准有重要的意义, 为开展安胃颗粒的进一步研究提供重要的依据。
AL204 电子天平, 制造商为梅特勒 - 托利多仪器上海有限公司;离心沉淀器 (800 型),制造商为长沙市科伟仪器厂;上海科哲生化科技公司制造的 TH-Ⅱ型数控薄层色谱加热器; 调温电热套 (DZTW 型, 北京市永光明医疗仪器有限公司);乙酸乙酯 (批准文号: 2018120501,; 正丁醇 (批准文号: 2021 062801,; 甲醇(批准文号:1906011,西陇科学股份有限公司);天津市大茂化学试剂厂制造的香草醛(批号: 2020 0316);芍药苷对照品 (批准文号:110736- 2020 44,中国食品药品检定研究院);盐酸小檗碱(批准文号:110713- 2020 15,中国食品药品检定研究院); 丹酚酸 B(批准文号:111562- 2019 17,中国食品药品检定研究院)。
(1) 供试液的制备
新制备的安胃颗粒称取${2.5}\mathrm{\;g}$,加入甲醇溶解到${25}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$容量瓶中,超声${20}\mathrm{\;{min}}$过滤蒸干后加入甲醇$1\mathrm{\;{mL}}$溶解,即得。
(2) 阴性对照液的制备
取去掉黄连的处方按照 “1.2.1(1)” 中供试品溶液的制备方法制得。
(3) 对照品溶液的制备
加甲醇溶解盐酸小檗碱对照品,制成$1\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{mL}}$的对照品溶液。
(4) 展开系统的筛选
用毛细管吸取供试品溶液${6\mu }\mathrm{L}$,共吸取3份,对照品盐酸小檗碱${4\mu }\mathrm{L}$和阴性对照溶液${6\mu }\mathrm{L}$各一份,分别点于同一硅胶 G 薄层板上, 按照两个系统进行展开, 分别为展开系统 1 (《中华人民共和国药典》规定): 环己烷:乙酸乙酯:异丙醇:甲醇: 水:三乙胺$\left({3 :{3.5}: 1 :{1.5}: {0.5}: 1}\right)$和展开系统 2: 正丁醇: 冰醋酸:水(7:2.5:2),各自展开后将层析板取出晾干用紫外线灯进行检视检测,检测波长为${365}\mathrm{\;{nm}}$。
(1) 供试液的制备
取安胃颗粒${10}\mathrm{g}$,加入${50}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$水稀释后,再加${0.1}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$盐酸, 超声${30}\mathrm{\;{min}}$,过滤,然后将所得滤液用${20}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$乙酸乙酯萃取, 一共萃取 2 次, 合并乙酸乙酯层, 蒸干后加入无水乙醇溶解至$1\mathrm{\;{mL}}$作供试液。
(2) 阴性对照液的制备
按照上述供试品溶液的制备方法去掉处方中的丹参, 制成缺少丹参的阴性对照溶液。
(3) 对照品溶液的制备
加甲醇溶解丹酚酸B对照品,制成$1\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{mL}}$的对照品溶液备用。
(4) 展开系统的筛选
分别用毛细管吸取供试液6、${8\mu }\mathrm{L}$,丹酚酸$\mathrm{B}{4\mu }\mathrm{L}$和阴性对照溶液${4\mu }\mathrm{L}$分别点于准备好的硅胶$\mathrm{G}$薄层板中的同一下划线上, 探索展开系统, 经过对比不同的展开系统后, 最终确定以甲苯:三氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯:甲醇:甲酸(2:3:4:0.5:2) 为最佳展开系统。以甲苯:三氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯:甲醇:甲酸$\left({2 : 3 : 4 :{0.5}: 2}\right)$作为展开剂在玻璃层析缸中展开,然后从中取出,放置到试剂挥发完全,晾干为止,再喷$2\%{\mathrm{{FeCl}}}_{3}$的乙醇溶液,在温度${105}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$下慢慢加热,直至斑点清晰显示。
(1) 供试液的制备
取安胃颗粒${10}\mathrm{g}$,加热水${25}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$超声${10}\mathrm{\;{min}}$后过滤,得到的滤液用水饱和过的正丁醇${15}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$进行液液萃取,共萃取 2 次, 合并正丁醇层, 再用旋转蒸发仪进行蒸干, 蒸干后得到的残渣加入甲醇$2\mathrm{\;{mL}}$溶解,即制备得到所需要的供试品溶液。
(2) 对照药材溶液的制备
取对照药材$1\mathrm{\;g}$,水浴回流提取${30}\mathrm{\;{min}}$,过滤,所得到的滤液参照供试液的制备方法进行制备, 即制得对照药材的溶液。
(3) 阴性对照溶液的制备
将处方中的乌药去掉参照上面供试品溶液的制备方法制得。
新制备的安胃颗粒精密称取${2.5}\mathrm{\;g}$放置于${25}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$的量瓶中, 然后加入无水乙醇定容,定容至刻度以下,超声处理${20}\mathrm{\;{min}}$放冷后加无水乙醇定容。精密吸取过滤后续滤液$3\mathrm{\;{mL}}$放置${10}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$容量瓶中加无水乙醇稀释至刻度摇匀,即制。
用无水乙醇溶解及稀释精密称取的${13.7}\mathrm{{mg}}$盐酸小檗碱对照品于${100}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$容量瓶中,制成${137}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{L}$盐酸小檗碱对照品储备液。
取无白芍药材的阴性样品$5\mathrm{\;g}$,用无水乙醇溶解于${25}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$量瓶中,定容至刻度以下,超声${20}\mathrm{\;{min}}$后放冷至室温,再加无水乙醇补充损失溶液定容至刻度并摇匀,即制备得阴性对照品的溶液。
阴性对照均未见干扰斑点, 而在供试品色谱相应的位置以及对照品色谱相应的位置上, 以展开系统 1 的薄层板中斑点未分开, 展开系统 2 则斑点分离明显, 显示独立且颜色相同的荧光。 两个展开系统的薄层板结果表明, 中国药典中规定了薄层色谱鉴别方法并不适合本制剂中黄连的薄层鉴别, 而展开系统 2, 则为最优展开系统。黄连 TCL 鉴别结果如图 1~2 所示。
结果如 图 3, 显示阴性对照未见干扰斑点, 在供试品色谱的相对应的位置以及对照品色谱相对应的位置上, 斑点清晰分离明显且均显相同颜色的蓝色。
结果如 图 4, 显示阴性对照在对应的位置没有干扰, 供试品及对照药材色谱相对应的位置上,斑点清晰可见分离明显且显相同颜色。
分别取供试品溶液, 对照品盐酸小檗碱的储备液和阴性样品溶液在${200}\sim {500}\mathrm{\;{nm}}$ 波长处进行扫描。在波长${350}\mathrm{\;{nm}}$ 处可见阴性样品溶液没有干扰, 而样品溶液和盐酸小檗碱对照液在波长${350}\mathrm{\;{nm}}$ 处均可见多个吸收峰,但如图 5图 6图 7显示, 因此确定安胃颗粒提取物中总生物碱的测定波长为${350}\mathrm{\;{nm}}$。
分别于${10}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$ 量瓶中精密吸取${0.1}\text{、}{0.3}\text{、}{0.5}\text{、}{0.7}\text{、}{1.0}\mathrm{\;{mL}}$ 盐酸小檗碱储备液,然后加入无水乙醇稀释定容至刻度,摇匀制作为盐酸小檗碱对照品溶液,浓度分别为 1.37、4.11、6.85、 9.59、13.7 mg/L。以${350}\mathrm{\;{nm}}$ 为检测波长,空白对照溶液为以无水乙醇,采用紫外分光光度法对以上溶液进行吸光度的测定。 然后以对照品溶液质量浓度$C$ 为横坐标,吸收度$A$ 为纵坐标得线性回归方程$A ={0.0595C}+ {0.0041}$ ,线性范围${1.37}\sim {13.7}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{L}$ 。
取${9.59}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{L}$ 盐酸小檗碱对照溶液,以波长${350}\mathrm{\;{nm}}$ 分别测定 6 次吸光度, 结果 RSD% 为 1.96%, 证明了良好的仪器精密度。
按 1.3.1 项下方法制备供试品溶液 1 份,分别于 0、2、4、6、$8\text{、}{24}\mathrm{\;h}$ 时测定吸收度$A$ ,结果 RSD% 为${1.58}\%$ ,说明样品${24}\mathrm{\;h}$ 内稳定。
取同一批号的样品 6 份, 按 “1.3.1” 项下方法平行配制 6 份供试品溶液并测定吸光度, 结果安胃颗粒提取物中总生物碱含量的平均值${4.8328}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{g}$ , RSD为${1.83}\%$ ,说明该方法重复性好。
取已知总生物碱含量的同一供试品按 “1.3.1” 项下方法平行制备加样供试品溶液 6 份,分别测定吸光度$A$ ,由计算结果可知, 盐酸小檗碱平均回收率为 97.23%, RSD 为 1.37%。
在各药材的薄层鉴别中, 在考察展开系统的同时也考察了$4\text{、}6\text{、}{8\mu }\mathrm{L}$ 的点样量,发现${8\mu }\mathrm{L}$ 时点样量斑点显色清晰,故点样量定为${8\mu }\mathrm{L}$ 。在黄连的定性鉴别色谱研究中,可能是由于供试品经过复杂的处理, 按照 2020 年版《中华人民共和国药典》一部在黄连项下的“鉴别”中规定了黄连薄层色谱鉴别的色谱条件——环己烷:乙酸乙酯:异丙醇:甲醇:水:三乙胺$\left({3 :{3.5}: 1 :{1.5}: {0.5}: 1}\right)$ 进行实验,发现斑点分离效果并不理想, 因此摸索了新的色谱条件——正丁醇:冰醋酸:水$\left({7 :{2.5}: 2}\right)$ ,其 TLC 色谱图中斑点清晰,作为最终确定的展开系统。而丹参和乌药在供试品和对照品对照的位置显相同颜色斑点, 阴性对照无干扰。均可列入标准正文。
取三批安胃颗粒,按照 “1.3.1” 项下制备供试品溶液的方法制备三批供试品溶液, 分别测定吸光度值, 得到三批中间品的总生物碱含量分别为 5.0244、4.9487、4.8602 mg/g。运用紫外分光光度法测定安胃颗粒的总生物碱的含量, 准确可靠且操作简单, 可作为安胃颗粒含量测定的重要检测方法之一。
在我国胃癌是常见的, 恶性程度仅次于肺癌的恶性肿瘤, 生存率仅为${27}{\%}^{\left\lbrack 9\right\rbrack }$。慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis, CAG) 主要表现为腹痛腹胀、嗳气、恶心呕吐、食欲减退等, 严重者甚至出现贫血,是我国常见的消化系统疾病之一[10]。安胃颗粒是在安胃汤的基础上新开发的院内制剂, 是治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的有效方剂, 其改良为颗粒剂的目的是便于携带及服用。本研究主要为安胃颗粒制定质量标准。对药材的定性鉴别中, 通过对展开系统、点样量等因素的考察, 对薄层色谱结果的对比分析,找出具有分离效果好,重现性强的最优的薄层鉴别方法。 由于安胃颗粒原处方药材中大多数都含有生物碱,而处方中主要的有效成分为总生物碱, 因此含量测定确定为运用紫外分光光度法进行的总生物碱的含量测定, 以总生物碱的含量测定作为本制剂的质量标准之一。
  • 2021年广西教育厅青年教师基础能力提升项目(2021KY0286)
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2024年第2卷第11期
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  • 首发时间:2025-07-28
  • 出版时间:2024-11-08
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In 2021, Guangxi Education Department Young Teachers Basic Ability Improvement Project(2021KY0286)
2021年广西教育厅青年教师基础能力提升项目(2021KY0286)
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    1 广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院 南宁 530011
    2 广西壮族自治区食品药品审评查验中心 南宁 530023

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*龙珍,硕士,工程师,研究方向为药理学研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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