Article(id=1156667046034268800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, issueId=1156667038362886682, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753700513609, onlineDateStr=2025-07-28, pubDate=1733587200000, pubDateStr=2024-12-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753700513609, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753700513609, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753700513609, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156667038362886682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, year='2024', volume='2', issue='12', pageStart='0', pageEnd='162', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753700511780, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753700731787, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156667961164288766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, issueId=1156667038362886682, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156667961164288767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, issueId=1156667038362886682, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=109, endPage=112, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156667046936044191, articleId=1156667046034268800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, language=EN, title=Study on interference effect of lipid turbidity on the detection of prealbumin by immune nephelometry, columnId=1156641066674676444, journalTitle=Laboratory Testing, columnName=Evaluation and Analysis, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the interference effect of lipid turbidity on the detection of prealbumin by Immunotransparency turbidimetry. Methods 40 non-lipid turbidity serum samples from patients with cholesterosis cutis were selected from February 2021 to January 2024 in Shanghai Fengxian District Dermatology Prevention and Control Institute, an additional 40 samples of turbid serum from patients with xanthelasma were selected. Immunotransmission turbidimetry was used to measure prealbumin levels in 80 serum samples, and then the method repeatability of 40 serum samples without lipid turbidity was analyzed, and the lipid turbidity interference effect of 40 lipid turbidity serum samples was analyzed. Results The intra-batch precision of prealbumin was less than 1/4TEa (CLIA’88), and the total precision was less than 1/3TEa (CLIA’88). There was no significant difference in prealbumin in 40 fat-free turbid serum samples after low-speed centrifugation and high-speed centrifugation followed by immunotransmission nephelometry, respectively$\left({P >{0.05}}\right)$. Lipid turbidity did not interfere with the accuracy of prealbumin detection in blood samples treated by high-speed centrifugation. For blood samples treated by low-speed centrifugation, when the lipid turbidity index was$<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$, it did not interfere with the effect of prealbumin examination, and when the lipid turbidity index was$\geq {43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$, it interfered with the effect of prealbumin examination. The detection result of prealbumin in blood samples treated by high-speed centrifugation was higher than that of low-speed centrifugation samples$\left({P <{0.05}}\right)$. Conclusion Lipid turbidity interferes with the accuracy of albumin level before immunotransmission turbidimetry, but the interference effect of mild lipid turbidity is not significant. When the lipid turbidity index is$\geq {43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$, the interference effect on prealbumin is obvious.

, correspAuthors=Qin LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*LI Qin, Technician in Charge, Fengxian District Institute of Dermatology and Prevention, Shanghai 201408, China. E-mail:
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目的 探讨脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白的干扰效果。方法 选取上海市奉贤区皮肤病防治所 2021 年 2 月 -2024 年 1 月期间 40 份来自黄瘤病患者的无脂浊血清样本, 另选取 40 份黄瘤病患者的脂浊血清样本。采取免疫透射比浊法对 80 份血清样本进行前白蛋白水平检测,随后对 40 份无脂浊血清样本进行方法重复性分析,对 40 份脂浊血清样本进行脂浊干扰效果分析。结果 前白蛋白批内精密度均小于 1/4TEa(CLIA’88),且其总精密度小于 1/3TEa(CLIA’88)。40 例无脂浊血清样本中前白蛋白分别以低速离心、高速离心后经免疫透射比浊法检测后比较, 差异无统计学意义$\left({P >{0.05}}\right)$。脂浊对经高速离心处理血标本前白蛋白检测准确性无干扰; 对于低速离心处理的血标本,当脂浊指数$<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$时,不干扰前白蛋白检查效果,当脂浊指数$\geq {43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$时,会干扰前白蛋白检查效果; 高速离心处理的血标本前白蛋白检测结果均高于低速离心标本检测结果($P <{0.05}$)。结论 脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白水平的准确性存在一定干扰,但轻度脂浊干扰效果并不显著,当脂浊指数≥43 mg/dL 时,对前白蛋白干扰效果明显。

, correspAuthors=李芹, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*李芹,主管技师,研究方向为临床生物化学检验。E-mail:
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李芹,主管技师,研究方向为临床生物化学检验。

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M蛋白对免疫透射比浊法和免疫散射比浊法检测免疫球蛋白的干扰[J]. 检验医学, 2019, 34(03): 197-201., articleTitle=M蛋白对免疫透射比浊法和免疫散射比浊法检测免疫球蛋白的干扰, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156667065470673853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=37, issue=02, pageStart=108, pageEnd=111, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=韩光, 徐琼峰, 段淑敏, journalName=检验医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=韩光, 徐琼峰, 段淑敏, 等. 依据CLSIEP07-A3文件评价血清指数对免疫散射比浊法检测前白蛋白的干扰[J]. 检验医学, 2022, 37(02): 108-111., articleTitle=依据CLSIEP07-A3文件评价血清指数对免疫散射比浊法检测前白蛋白的干扰, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156667065533588417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=36, issue=02, pageStart=126, pageEnd=131, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=代超, 刘亚鑫, 岳晋魏, journalName=现代检验医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=代超, 刘亚鑫, 岳晋魏, 等. 血浆稀释法和高速离心法消除凝血项目检测标本脂肪血干扰的实验研究[J]. 现代检验医学杂志, 2021, 36(02): 126-131., articleTitle=血浆稀释法和高速离心法消除凝血项目检测标本脂肪血干扰的实验研究, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1156667061653857085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156667061658051390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, companyId=1156667061653857085, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Fengxian District Institute of Dermatology and Prevention Shanghai 201408 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156667061666439999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, companyId=1156667061653857085, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海市奉贤区皮肤病防治所 上海 201408)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1156667063914587005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Precision verification results, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 批内精密度 总精密度 厂家精密度
低值 CV 中值 CV 高值 CV 低值 CV 中值 CV 高值 CV ${\mathrm{{CV}}}_{\text{批内 }}1/4\mathrm{{TEa}}$ ${\mathrm{{CV}}}_{\text{总 }}1/3\mathrm{{TEa}}$
前白蛋白 1.13 1.21 1.58 3.16 1.88 2.59 6.25 8.33
), ArticleFig(id=1156667063994278787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=精密度验证结果, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 批内精密度 总精密度 厂家精密度
低值 CV 中值 CV 高值 CV 低值 CV 中值 CV 高值 CV ${\mathrm{{CV}}}_{\text{批内 }}1/4\mathrm{{TEa}}$ ${\mathrm{{CV}}}_{\text{总 }}1/3\mathrm{{TEa}}$
前白蛋白 1.13 1.21 1.58 3.16 1.88 2.59 6.25 8.33
), ArticleFig(id=1156667064057193350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Comparison of detection result of prealbumin in non-lipid turbidity serum samples by different centrifugation methods $\left({\bar{x}\pm s}\right)$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
标本离心方式 标本量 前白蛋白含量检测结果(mg/L)
低速离心(未稀释) 40 ${256.30}\pm {19.20}$
低速离心(2 倍稀释) 40 ${259.64}\pm {21.15}$
低速离心(3 倍稀释) 40 ${263.71}\pm {17.52}$
高速离心 40 ${261.23}\pm {17.31}$
$F$ - 1.084
$P$ - 0.358
), ArticleFig(id=1156667064145273737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=无脂浊血清标本前白蛋白不同离心方式检测结果比较 $\left({\bar{x}\pm s}\right)$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
标本离心方式 标本量 前白蛋白含量检测结果(mg/L)
低速离心(未稀释) 40 ${256.30}\pm {19.20}$
低速离心(2 倍稀释) 40 ${259.64}\pm {21.15}$
低速离心(3 倍稀释) 40 ${263.71}\pm {17.52}$
高速离心 40 ${261.23}\pm {17.31}$
$F$ - 1.084
$P$ - 0.358
), ArticleFig(id=1156667064199799692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Bias analysis of prealbumin detection result of lipid turbidity samples by different dilution times at low-speed centrifugation, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 偏倚 $\pm 1/2\mathrm{{TEa}}\left(\%\right)$
高速离心 低速离心 低速离心(2 倍稀释) 低速离心(3 倍稀释)
${25}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}\leq$ 脂浊指数 $<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$ $-{4.17}\sim 5$ $-{8.94}\sim 0$ -7.69 ~-0.64 $-{8.92}\sim {1.27}$ $\pm {12.50}$
${43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}\leq$ 脂浊指数 $<{208}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$ $-{6.36}\sim {8.03}$ -77.14~-20.03 -64.01 --12.73 $-{21.46}\sim -{20.15}$ $\pm {12.50}$
208 mg/dL ≤ 脂浊指数<343 mg/dL $-{7.86}\sim {9.14}$ $-{87.25}\sim -{29.36}$ $-{77.58}\sim -{18.30}$ $-{62.43}\sim -{14.11}$ $\pm {12.50}$
脂浊指数≥343 mg/dL $-{9.25}\sim {10.64}$ $-{161.53}\sim -{41.22}$ $-{143.74}\sim -{21.15}$ $-{86.60}\sim -{13.44}$ $\pm {12.50}$
), ArticleFig(id=1156667064262714253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=低速离心不同稀释倍数对脂浊标本前白蛋白检测结果的偏倚分析, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 偏倚 $\pm 1/2\mathrm{{TEa}}\left(\%\right)$
高速离心 低速离心 低速离心(2 倍稀释) 低速离心(3 倍稀释)
${25}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}\leq$ 脂浊指数 $<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$ $-{4.17}\sim 5$ $-{8.94}\sim 0$ -7.69 ~-0.64 $-{8.92}\sim {1.27}$ $\pm {12.50}$
${43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}\leq$ 脂浊指数 $<{208}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$ $-{6.36}\sim {8.03}$ -77.14~-20.03 -64.01 --12.73 $-{21.46}\sim -{20.15}$ $\pm {12.50}$
208 mg/dL ≤ 脂浊指数<343 mg/dL $-{7.86}\sim {9.14}$ $-{87.25}\sim -{29.36}$ $-{77.58}\sim -{18.30}$ $-{62.43}\sim -{14.11}$ $\pm {12.50}$
脂浊指数≥343 mg/dL $-{9.25}\sim {10.64}$ $-{161.53}\sim -{41.22}$ $-{143.74}\sim -{21.15}$ $-{86.60}\sim -{13.44}$ $\pm {12.50}$
), ArticleFig(id=1156667064325628814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=Comparison of prealbumin detection result of lipid turbidity samples under different centrifugation methods $\left({\bar{x}\pm s}\right)$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
标本离心方式 标本量 前白蛋白含量检测结果(mg/L)
低速离心(未稀释) 40 ${153.58}\pm {49.13}$
低速离心(2 倍稀释) 40 ${179.45}\pm {51.07}^{** }$
低速离心(3 倍稀释) 40 ${189.99}\pm {47.80}{}^{** }$
高速离心 40 ${241.37}\pm {57.42}$
$F$ - 20.480
$P$ - <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1156667064380154767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119944283992078, articleId=1156667046034268800, language=CN, label=表 4, caption=脂浊标本不同离心方式下前白蛋白含量检测结果比较 $\left({\bar{x}\pm s}\right)$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
标本离心方式 标本量 前白蛋白含量检测结果(mg/L)
低速离心(未稀释) 40 ${153.58}\pm {49.13}$
低速离心(2 倍稀释) 40 ${179.45}\pm {51.07}^{** }$
低速离心(3 倍稀释) 40 ${189.99}\pm {47.80}{}^{** }$
高速离心 40 ${241.37}\pm {57.42}$
$F$ - 20.480
$P$ - <0.001
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脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白的干扰效果研究
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李芹 *
实验室检测 | 评价与分析 2024,2(12): 109-112
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实验室检测 | 评价与分析 2024, 2(12): 109-112
脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白的干扰效果研究
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李芹*
作者信息
  • 上海市奉贤区皮肤病防治所 上海 201408
  • 李芹,主管技师,研究方向为临床生物化学检验。

通讯作者:

*李芹,主管技师,研究方向为临床生物化学检验。E-mail:
Study on interference effect of lipid turbidity on the detection of prealbumin by immune nephelometry
Qin LI*
Affiliations
  • Fengxian District Institute of Dermatology and Prevention Shanghai 201408 China
出版时间: 2024-12-08
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目的 探讨脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白的干扰效果。方法 选取上海市奉贤区皮肤病防治所 2021 年 2 月 -2024 年 1 月期间 40 份来自黄瘤病患者的无脂浊血清样本, 另选取 40 份黄瘤病患者的脂浊血清样本。采取免疫透射比浊法对 80 份血清样本进行前白蛋白水平检测,随后对 40 份无脂浊血清样本进行方法重复性分析,对 40 份脂浊血清样本进行脂浊干扰效果分析。结果 前白蛋白批内精密度均小于 1/4TEa(CLIA’88),且其总精密度小于 1/3TEa(CLIA’88)。40 例无脂浊血清样本中前白蛋白分别以低速离心、高速离心后经免疫透射比浊法检测后比较, 差异无统计学意义$\left({P >{0.05}}\right)$。脂浊对经高速离心处理血标本前白蛋白检测准确性无干扰; 对于低速离心处理的血标本,当脂浊指数$<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$时,不干扰前白蛋白检查效果,当脂浊指数$\geq {43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$时,会干扰前白蛋白检查效果; 高速离心处理的血标本前白蛋白检测结果均高于低速离心标本检测结果($P <{0.05}$)。结论 脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白水平的准确性存在一定干扰,但轻度脂浊干扰效果并不显著,当脂浊指数≥43 mg/dL 时,对前白蛋白干扰效果明显。

免疫透射比浊法  /  脂浊  /  前白蛋白  /  干扰

Objective To investigate the interference effect of lipid turbidity on the detection of prealbumin by Immunotransparency turbidimetry. Methods 40 non-lipid turbidity serum samples from patients with cholesterosis cutis were selected from February 2021 to January 2024 in Shanghai Fengxian District Dermatology Prevention and Control Institute, an additional 40 samples of turbid serum from patients with xanthelasma were selected. Immunotransmission turbidimetry was used to measure prealbumin levels in 80 serum samples, and then the method repeatability of 40 serum samples without lipid turbidity was analyzed, and the lipid turbidity interference effect of 40 lipid turbidity serum samples was analyzed. Results The intra-batch precision of prealbumin was less than 1/4TEa (CLIA’88), and the total precision was less than 1/3TEa (CLIA’88). There was no significant difference in prealbumin in 40 fat-free turbid serum samples after low-speed centrifugation and high-speed centrifugation followed by immunotransmission nephelometry, respectively$\left({P >{0.05}}\right)$. Lipid turbidity did not interfere with the accuracy of prealbumin detection in blood samples treated by high-speed centrifugation. For blood samples treated by low-speed centrifugation, when the lipid turbidity index was$<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$, it did not interfere with the effect of prealbumin examination, and when the lipid turbidity index was$\geq {43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$, it interfered with the effect of prealbumin examination. The detection result of prealbumin in blood samples treated by high-speed centrifugation was higher than that of low-speed centrifugation samples$\left({P <{0.05}}\right)$. Conclusion Lipid turbidity interferes with the accuracy of albumin level before immunotransmission turbidimetry, but the interference effect of mild lipid turbidity is not significant. When the lipid turbidity index is$\geq {43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$, the interference effect on prealbumin is obvious.

immunotransmission turbidimetry  /  lipid turbidity  /  prealbumin  /  interference
李芹. 脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白的干扰效果研究. 实验室检测, 2024 , 2 (12) : 109 -112 .
Qin LI. Study on interference effect of lipid turbidity on the detection of prealbumin by immune nephelometry[J]. Laboratory Testing, 2024 , 2 (12) : 109 -112 .
黄瘤病是由于脂蛋白代谢障碍所造成的一种皮肤疾病, 其主要表现为皮肤出现黄色斑块、丘疹或结节, 患者多伴有脂质代谢紊乱、糖尿病等代谢障碍性疾病[1-2]。由于黄瘤病属于代谢障碍性疾病,患者多存在胆固醇、甘油三酯代谢异常、高脂蛋白血症等疾病,容易引起肝功能异常,故在治疗过程应监测患者肝功能以便及时进行干预, 而前白蛋白是由肝脏合成的一种稳定四聚体, 能反映肝脏功能, 其在血清中的含量是肝功能的重要评估指标,具有较高敏感度[3]。但在临床生化检测中,黄瘤病患者由于合并有胆固醇、甘油三酯代谢异常、高脂蛋白血症等疾病,血脂代谢异常常常导致血清样本出现脂浊现象,造成血清样本质量异常而干扰检测结果的准确性, 影响患者病情评估[4]。临床主要对脂浊样本退回重采处理,但由于患者自身疾病无法在短时间内改变, 血清标本的脂浊问题无法彻底避免, 故如果处理脂浊样本称其为检验成员关注的重点之一[5]。目前有关于脂浊对免疫透射比浊法测定项目干扰的研究较为少见, 为进一步明确脂浊对免疫透射比浊法的干扰, 本研究分析不同稀释倍数对脂浊标本前白蛋白检测结果的偏倚, 能够为临床检测前白蛋白避免脂浊标本影响提供有效方法, 现报道如下。
选取上海市奉贤区皮肤病防治所 2021 年 2 月 - 2024 年 1 月期间收治的 80 例黄瘤病患者的血清 80 份, 其中 40 份无脂浊, 40 份存在脂浊。患者男 47 例,女 33 例;体质量指数${19.7}\sim {23.6}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ , 平均$\left({{21.41}\pm {1.39}}\right)\mathrm{{kg}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ 。纳入标准:(1)研究对象相应满足黄瘤病的诊断标准[6]; (2) 除脂浊外样本无其他污染情况;(3) 研究对象检查资料完整;(4) 研究对象签署知情同意书。排除标准:(1)患者在确诊前 1~3 个月内进行过治疗;(2)采血样本出现黄疸、 溶血等其他异常现象;(3) 血清样本$<$ 3 mL。
CS-600B 型号全自动生化分析仪来自迪瑞医疗科技股份有限公司 (注册证编号:吉械注准 20222220006),前白蛋白试剂盒来自上海泰宇生物科技有限公司;L3-5K 型号台式高速离心机来自湖南可成仪器设备有限公司 (备案号:湘长械备 20160026 号)。
空腹状态下检验人员抽取研究对象肘静脉血$3 \sim 5\mathrm{\;{mL}}$,随后置于无添加剂的红管中,经${3000}\mathrm{r}/\mathrm{{min}}$离心${10}\sim {15}\mathrm{\;{min}}$,将离心后的血液样本放置于$-{20}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$冰箱中保存。
采用低值、中值、高值的质控血清,分装成 5 批,参考 CLSI EP05-A3 文件[7],每日用免疫透射比浊法对 40 份无脂浊血清样本进行 4 次检测,连续测定$5\mathrm{\;d}$。计算并统计样本批内精密度和总精密度值。精密度合格标准:变异系数${\left(\mathrm{{CV}}\right)}_{\text{批内 }}$合格标准$\leq 1/4$总允许误差 (TEa)(CLIA’88),${\mathrm{{CV}}}_{\text{总 }}$合格标准$\leq 1/3\mathrm{{TEa}}$(CLIA’88)。
将 40 份无脂浊血清样本分为 10 份, 每份均分后分别以高速离心$\left({{13000}\mathrm{r}/\mathrm{{min}}}\right)$与低速离心$\left({{3000}\mathrm{r}/\mathrm{{min}}}\right)$2 种方式离心后, 低速离心的血清均分为 3 份,其中一份不做处理,另外 2 份用生理盐水分别进行 2 倍稀释与 3 倍稀释, 将以上 3 份低速离心血清与高速离心血清通过免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白含量, 并记录。
参考 CLSI EP7-A2[8]和 CLSI EP9-A2[9]文件,选取 40 份脂浊指数分别为${25}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}\leq$脂浊指数$<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$、${43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}\leq$脂浊指数$<{208}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$、${208}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}\leq$脂浊指数$<{343}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$、脂浊指数$\geq {343}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$的血清标本各 10 份,每份均分后分别以高速离心$\left({{13000}\mathrm{r}/\mathrm{{min}}}\right)$与低速离心$\left({{3000}\mathrm{r}/\mathrm{{min}}}\right)$2 种方式离心后, 低速离心的血清均分为 3 份,其中一份不做处理,另外 2 份用生理盐水分别进行 2 倍稀释与 3 倍稀释, 将以上 3 份低速离心血清与高速离心血清同时检测前白蛋白,并计算偏倚,偏倚 =(测量结果一靶值)/ 靶值 × 100%。偏倚>1/2TEa(即 ±12.50)时, 表明脂浊存在干扰效果。
采用 SPSS22.0 处理数据。无脂浊血清标本不同离心方式前白蛋白水平、脂浊血清标本不同离心方式前白蛋白水平等正态计量资料以$\left({\bar{x}\pm s}\right)$示,多组间行单因素方差分析,组间两两行 LSD-$t$检验。$P <{0.05}$显示有统计学意义。
40 例无脂浊血清样本中前白蛋白免疫透射比浊法检测的批内精密度均小于$1/4\mathrm{{TEa}}$ (CLIA’88),且总精密度也小于$1/3\mathrm{{TEa}}$ (CLIA’88), 免疫透射比浊法测定前白蛋白的可重复性好, 能够满足质量标准的要求。见表 1
40 例无脂浊血清样本中前白蛋白分别以低速离心、高速离心后经免疫透射比浊法检测后比较, 差异无统计学意义$\left({P >{0.05}}\right)$ ,离心方式对免疫透射比浊法检测无脂浊血清样本中前白蛋白无干扰,见表 2
当${25}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}\leq$ 脂浊指数$<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$ 时,低速、高速离心均对前白蛋白检查无干扰, 且不同脂浊程度对高速离心标本的前白蛋白检测结果无干扰;当脂浊指数$\geq {43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$ 时,低速离心标本未稀释、2 倍稀释及 3 倍稀释的前白蛋白检查偏倚均$>\pm {12.50}$ , 存在干扰效果, 在低速离心处理的血标本中, 脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白含量的准确性具有一定干扰, 轻度脂浊干扰效果并不显著,而当脂浊指数≥43 mg/dL 时,干扰效果逐渐明显, 详见表 3。高速离心标本的前白蛋白检测结果均高于低速离心标本的前白蛋白检测结果$\left({P <{0.05}}\right)$ ,调高离心转速或增加标本稀释倍数可能会减轻脂浊对检测的干扰,详见表 4
据统计脂浊血清标本约占血清总标本的 0.5%~2.5%,而脂浊会对检测结果造成不同程度的影响[10]。一般情况下,对于脂浊血清标本多采取退回重采处理, 除此之外还可以通过生理盐水稀释法、有机溶剂 (乙醚) 抽提法、干化学法对脂浊样本进行处理,其中生理盐水稀释法对于结果正常或检测值较低的项目会产生较明显的误差, 局限性明显, 有机溶剂 (乙醚) 抽提法会干扰部分项目的检测结果, 影响其准确性, 长期应用该方式很有可能影响实验室工作人员、检验人员的生命健康, 同时乙醚属于危化品,在安全储存、使用方面也有严格要求,提高了实验室经济、人力成本;干化学法对检测结果的影响效果比较明显,且需要实验室配置相应的仪器,同时干化学法检测成本相对较高[11]。故在日常检验工作中,有必要改进检测技术,以减少脂浊对血清标本检测结果造成的影响[12]
本研究显示: 前白蛋白批内精密度均小于1/4TEa (CLIA’88),且其总精密度也小于$1/3\mathrm{{TEa}}$(CLIA’88),低速离心、 高速离心后经免疫透射比浊法检测后比较, 差异无统计学意义$\left({P >{0.05}}\right)$,以上数据均说明免疫透射比浊法测定前白蛋白的可重复性好, 能够满足质量标准的要求。据分析原因为, 免疫透射比浊法通过抗原抗体按一定比例反应,形成免疫复合物。在一定时间内, 免疫复合物出现浊度。当光线通过溶液时, 可被免疫复合物吸收。免疫复合物越多,光线吸收越多。因此可以通过测定光线减弱的程度。来计算待测抗原的浓度水平, 这种检测的可重复性高[13]。本研究中,无论是否稀释血标本,低速离心处理脂浊指数$<{43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$的血清样本后,免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白的结果未受到干扰; 而当低速离心处理脂浊指数$\geq {43}\mathrm{{mg}}/\mathrm{{dL}}$的血清样本后,免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白的结果受到明显干扰, 说明在低速离心处理的血标本中, 脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白含量的准确性具有一定干扰, 轻度脂浊干扰效果并不显著,而当脂浊指数≥43 mg/dL 时,干扰效果逐渐明显。考虑原因可能在于, 脂浊血清样本中会出现大量高浓度脂蛋白颗粒以及乳糜微粒, 而由于血清样本中的脂蛋白颗粒是影响光散射程度的重要因素, 故脂浊血清样本会造成散射光异常,最终干扰检测结果[14]。代超等[15]研究指出,高速离心后能够减弱脂浊干扰,提高血标本检测结果可靠性。本研究显示: 不同脂浊指数对高速离心标本的前白蛋白含量检测无干扰效果, 且高速离心标本的前白蛋白检测结果均高于低速离心标本$\left({P <{0.05}}\right)$,与以往研究类似,这也提示调高离心转速或增加标本稀释倍数可能会减轻脂浊对检测的干扰。因此, 在检测过程中对血清样本进行高速离心后, 采用微量注射器吸取下层无脂浊血清标本可能有助于避免脂浊对免疫透射比浊法的干扰。
当脂浊指数≥43 mg/dL 时,对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白含量的准确性存在干扰, 而当高速离心标本后脂浊对免疫透射比浊法检测前白蛋白含量无干扰效果, 为临床检测脂浊血清前白蛋白水平提供新的方式和理论依据, 具有推广价值。
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  • 首发时间:2025-07-28
  • 出版时间:2024-12-08
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    上海市奉贤区皮肤病防治所 上海 201408

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*李芹,主管技师,研究方向为临床生物化学检验。E-mail:
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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