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Outline
Objective To explore the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and main obstacle factors of cultivated land ecological security in the main grain-producing areas of the Yellow River basin， thereby providing a scientific reference for sustainable cultivated land use and improving ecological security. Methods Based on six-phase panel data from 60 prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River basin， the pressure-state-response （PSR） model was employed to construct an evaluation index system for cultivated land ecological security in the main grain-producing areas of the Yellow River basin. The entropy method and comprehensive index method were used to calculate the comprehensive index of cultivated land ecological security and classify its security level. The obstacle degree model was then used to identify the key obstacle factors affecting cultivated land ecological security. Results 1） The cultivated land ecological security index increased from 0.28 in 2000 to 0.43 in 2023， representing a relatively significant increase. The ecological security level shifted from "relatively unsafe" to "critically safe"， but there remained a considerable gap from the "relatively safe" level， indicating substantial room for future improvement. 2） The level of cultivated land ecological security exhibited significant regional differences. From 2000 to 2015， only three cities had cultivated land ecological security at the "critically safe" level. In 2023， 45 cities had cultivated land ecological security at the "critically safe" level. 3） From the perspective of criteria layers， the obstacle degree of response showed a positive declining trend in Henan， Shandong， Sichuan， and Inner Mongolia. However， the primary obstacle factor in Henan， Shandong， and Sichuan was the obstacle degree of pressure， whereas Inner Mongolia needs to focus on overcoming the obstacle degree of state. 4） Cultivated land area per capita， disposable income of farmers， share of primary industry in GDP， land reclamation rate， and forest coverage were the main obstacle factors affecting cultivated land ecological security. Conclusion Cultivated land ecological security in the main grain-producing areas of the Yellow River Basin shows an overall trend of continuous improvement， but the overall level remains low， and severe challenges persist. The research results can provide strong scientific support for promoting tailored governance and policy implementation in different regions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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