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Objective To elucidate the pollution characteristics and environmental risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in the Dawen River basin. Methods Surface water and sediment samples were collected from 24 sites in the main stream and major tributaries of the basin. The concentration levels， spatial distribution， source contributions， and ecological risks of 16 priority-controlled PAHs were analyzed. Results 1） The concentration of ΣPAHs in the water bodies of the Dawen River basin ranged from 59.05 ng/L to 105.27 ng/L， while that in sediments ranged from 414.90 ng/g to 2 931.17 ng/g. The spatial distribution trend of PAHs in surface water was： Yingwen River > Mouwen River > Daqing River and Dongping Lake > the main stream of Dawen River > Chaiwen River. The spatial distribution trend of PAHs in sediments was： Daqing River and Dongping Lake > Mouwen River > the main stream of Dawen River > Yingwen River > Chaiwen River. 2） Analysis using the Positive Matrix Factorization （PMF） model revealed that the main sources of PAHs in water were biomass combustion， industrial coal combustion， traffic emissions， and petroleum sources. The main sources of PAHs in sediments were petroleum sources， traffic emissions， coal combustion， biomass combustion， and coke sources. 3） Ecological risk assessment indicated that most PAHs in the basin were at a moderate risk level， while Nap and Ant in sediments were at a high-risk level. BaP and DahA were the primary contributors to the toxic risk of PAHs in the Dawen River basin. The results indicated that the Dawen River basin had been contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）， and its ecological risks could not be ignored. Based on the source apportionment results， it is recommended to prioritize the strengthening of emission controls on major contributing sources such as biomass burning， industrial coal combustion， and traffic emissions. Conclusion Future work should integrate the pollution characteristics of the basin， conduct long-term dynamic monitoring and source control strategy evaluation， and provide scientific support for regional water environment management and ecological security.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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