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Objective This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of electric field treatment （ET） on soil microecology in rocky desertification areas under different climatic conditions. Methods Using severely rocky desertified soil as the research subject， a laboratory simulation of the rocky desertification soil habitat along with drought and rainfall processes was conducted. The effects of a continuously operating 20 V electric field treatment on soil physicochemical properties and the structure and functions of bacterial communities were investigated. Results Compared with the control （CK）， the electric field treatment significantly increased the contents of soil organic carbon， alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen， and available potassium during both the dry and rainy seasons， and inhibited the loss of available phosphorus during the dry season. However， the electric field treatment significantly decreased soil water content and pH. Under the electric field treatment， the richness and diversity indices of the soil bacterial communities were significantly reduced in both the dry and rainy seasons. The community structure composition at the genus level differed significantly between the dry and rainy seasons， while the composition at the phylum level remained unchanged. During the dry season， the electric field significantly enriched Proteobacteria， Sphingomonas， Flavisolibacter， and Chthoniobacter. During the rainy season， it significantly enriched Actinobacte-riota， Cyanobacteria， Bradyrhizobium， Mesorhizobium， Dyella， Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia， Catenulispora， Amycolatopsis， Mucilaginibacter， and Edaphobacter. During the rainy season， electric field treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of functions such as photosynthesis （chloroplast） and nitrogen fixation in the soil bacterial community. Redundancy analysis （RDA） indicated that soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen， available phosphorus， and water content were the main environmental factors driving the evolution of the bacterial community. Conclusion Electric field treatment can optimize bacterial community structure and enhance its ecological functions by regulating key soil factors， thereby promoting nutrient cycling and system restoration in rocky desertified soil and providing a theoretical basis for ecological management in rocky desertification areas.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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