Article(id=1217845642639102562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250416002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1744732800000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-16, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768286627683, onlineDateStr=2026-01-13, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768286627683, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768286627683, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768286627683, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1217845635080962613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='16', pageStart='1', pageEnd='324', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768286625881, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768287480278, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1217849218753024879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1217849218753024880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=75, endPage=85, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1217845643134030471, articleId=1217845642639102562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Simultaneous determination of 8 kinds of organophosphate ester flame retardants in major meat and cereal food products by QuEChERS-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, columnId=1151895322692776479, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Analysis and Monitoring of Toxic and Harmful Substances in Food, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 8 kinds of organophosphate ester flame retardants of major meat and cereal food products by QuEChERS purification technology coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Methods Separation was achieved on a Agilent EC-C18 column (3 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile under gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Detection was performed in positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Results The 8 kinds of organophosphate ester flame retardants exhibited good separation and showed excellent linearity in the range of 1.0-50.0 ng/mL, with correlation coefficients all greater than 0.99. The limits of detection and limits of quantitation were 1.0 μg/kg and 2.0 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries of this method were 70.0%-119.6%, and the relative standard deviations were 0.2%-12.7%. Conclusion The established method is simple, rapid and highly efficient in extraction, and has been successfully applied to the analysis of organophosphate ester flame retardants in food samples (including cereals and meat products).

, correspAuthors=Jing CHEN, Yan CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Li-Nan HOU, Jing CHEN, Shen-Liang LV, Yu HAN, Ren-Ping TONG, Yan CHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1217845648758591490, articleId=1217845642639102562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测主要肉类与谷物类食品中8种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂, columnId=1151923892102197877, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=专题:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立QuEChERS净化技术结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定主要肉类与谷物类食品中8种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂的分析方法。方法 采用Agilent EC-C18 (3 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm)色谱柱, 流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈, 梯度洗脱, 流速为0.4 mL/min, 电喷雾离子源正离子(positive electrospray ionization, ESI+)模式, 多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式检测。结果 8种有机磷酸脂类阻燃剂分离良好, 在1.0~50.0 ng/mL范围内具有良好线性关系, 相关系数均大于0.99; 检出限均为1.0 μg/kg; 定量限均为2.0 μg/kg; 方法回收率为70.0%~119.6%, 相对标准偏差为0.2%~12.7%。结论 本研究建立的方法前处理简单、快速、萃取效率高, 并成功应用于食品(谷物、畜肉)中有机磷酸脂类阻燃剂的分析检测。

, correspAuthors=陈静, 陈燕, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 陈静(1981—), 女, 硕士, 副主任药师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail: ;
陈燕(1978—), 女, 硕士, 副主任药师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail:
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侯俐南(1991—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail:

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侯俐南(1991—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail:

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label=Table 1, caption=

Information of standard and isotopic internal standard

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 缩写 来源 批号 质量浓度/(μg/mL)
1 TMP 天津阿尔塔科技有限公司 S191497 100.3
2 TDBPP S191497 100.9
3 TnPP S191497 101.1
4 TiBP S191497 99.6
5 TnBP S191497 101.0
6 V6 S191497 99.8
7 TCiPP S191497 100.1
8 TDCiPP S191497 100.8
9 TMP-D9 S193067 100.1
10 TDBPP-D15 S193067 100.0
11 TnPP-D21 S193067 99.8
12 TnBP-D27 S193067 99.8
13 V6-D16 S193067 100.0
14 TCiPP-D18 S193067 99.7
15 TDCiPP-D15 S193067 99.5
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271032143946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

标准品及同位素内标信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 缩写 来源 批号 质量浓度/(μg/mL)
1 TMP 天津阿尔塔科技有限公司 S191497 100.3
2 TDBPP S191497 100.9
3 TnPP S191497 101.1
4 TiBP S191497 99.6
5 TnBP S191497 101.0
6 V6 S191497 99.8
7 TCiPP S191497 100.1
8 TDCiPP S191497 100.8
9 TMP-D9 S193067 100.1
10 TDBPP-D15 S193067 100.0
11 TnPP-D21 S193067 99.8
12 TnBP-D27 S193067 99.8
13 V6-D16 S193067 100.0
14 TCiPP-D18 S193067 99.7
15 TDCiPP-D15 S193067 99.5
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271199916113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Program of gradient elution

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间/min A/% B/%
0 95 5
1.0 95 5
4.0 40 60
8.0 36 64
8.5 25 75
16.0 0 100
25.0 0 100
25.1 95 5
28.0 95 5
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271279607895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

梯度洗脱程序

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间/min A/% B/%
0 95 5
1.0 95 5
4.0 40 60
8.0 36 64
8.5 25 75
16.0 0 100
25.0 0 100
25.1 95 5
28.0 95 5
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271397048411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Mass spectrometry parameters of the target compound

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 化合物 母离子(m/z) 子离子(m/z) 去簇
电压/V
碰撞
能量/eV
内标
1 TMP 141.1 109.1 110 38 TMP-D9
63.1 61
2 TDBPP 698.3 99.1 130 43 TDBPP-D15
369.4 31
3 TnPP 225.2 99.0 70 37 TnPP-D21
141.2 14
4 TiBP 267.2 99.1 75 27 TnBP-D27
155.0 15
5 TnBP 267.2 99.1 75 27 TnBP-D27
155.0 15
6 V6 583.0 297.0 174 42 V6-D16
361.2 28
7 TCiPP 327.1 99.1 85 35 TCiPP-D18
175.0 19
8 TDCiPP 431.0 99.1 110 33 TDCiPP-D15
209.1 21
IS-1 TMP-D9 150.2 115.1 110 30 /
IS-2 TDBPP-D15 713.4 102.3 130 43 /
IS-3 TnPP-D21 246.4 102.0 70 28 /
IS-4 TnBP-D27 294.3 102.1 80 25 /
IS-5 V6-D16 600.2 237.1 153 50 /
IS-6 TCiPP-D18 345.3 102.1 90 32 /
IS-7 TDCiPP-D15 448.5 148.2 110 38 /
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271518683233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

目标化合物质谱参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 化合物 母离子(m/z) 子离子(m/z) 去簇
电压/V
碰撞
能量/eV
内标
1 TMP 141.1 109.1 110 38 TMP-D9
63.1 61
2 TDBPP 698.3 99.1 130 43 TDBPP-D15
369.4 31
3 TnPP 225.2 99.0 70 37 TnPP-D21
141.2 14
4 TiBP 267.2 99.1 75 27 TnBP-D27
155.0 15
5 TnBP 267.2 99.1 75 27 TnBP-D27
155.0 15
6 V6 583.0 297.0 174 42 V6-D16
361.2 28
7 TCiPP 327.1 99.1 85 35 TCiPP-D18
175.0 19
8 TDCiPP 431.0 99.1 110 33 TDCiPP-D15
209.1 21
IS-1 TMP-D9 150.2 115.1 110 30 /
IS-2 TDBPP-D15 713.4 102.3 130 43 /
IS-3 TnPP-D21 246.4 102.0 70 28 /
IS-4 TnBP-D27 294.3 102.1 80 25 /
IS-5 V6-D16 600.2 237.1 153 50 /
IS-6 TCiPP-D18 345.3 102.1 90 32 /
IS-7 TDCiPP-D15 448.5 148.2 110 38 /
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271623540838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Linear equations and correlation coefficients of 8 kinds of target compounds

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序号 化合物名称 线性方程 相关系数(r)
1 TMP Y=0.05405X+0.00203 0.99985
2 TDBPP Y=0.17553X-0.13862 0.99510
3 TnPP Y=0.22650X+0.02284 0.99422
4 TiBP Y=0.10096X+0.00538 0.99845
5 TnBP Y=0.11748X-0.00858 0.99681
6 V6 Y=0.31833X+0.09074 0.99650
7 TCiPP Y=0.10918X+0.184705 0.99463
8 TDCiPP Y=0.08194X+0.06121 0.99890
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271724204139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

8种目标化合物的线性方程和相关系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 化合物名称 线性方程 相关系数(r)
1 TMP Y=0.05405X+0.00203 0.99985
2 TDBPP Y=0.17553X-0.13862 0.99510
3 TnPP Y=0.22650X+0.02284 0.99422
4 TiBP Y=0.10096X+0.00538 0.99845
5 TnBP Y=0.11748X-0.00858 0.99681
6 V6 Y=0.31833X+0.09074 0.99650
7 TCiPP Y=0.10918X+0.184705 0.99463
8 TDCiPP Y=0.08194X+0.06121 0.99890
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271904559221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Signal-to-noise ratio results for different substrates

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 基质 添加水平
/(μg/kg)
信噪比(S/N)
TMP TDBPP TnPP TiBP TnBP V6 TCiPP TDCiPP
1 大米 1.0 10.3 9.9 10.5 10.2 10.7 10.2 10.9 10.3
2 玉米 10.2 10.7 10.2 10.9 10.3 10.4 10.3 9.9
3 小麦粉 10.9 10.3 10.5 9.9 9.9 10.1 10.2 10.3
4 牛肉 9.9 10.5 9.9 9.9 10.3 10.5 10.9 10.6
5 猪肉 10.5 11.0 10.1 10.7 10.1 10.3 10.2 10.3
6 羊肉 9.8 10.1 10.1 10.3 10.5 10.0 10.1 10.2
7 大米 2.0 20.1 20.1 20.6 20.1 21.1 20.2 21.1 20.4
8 玉米 20.3 21.0 20.1 20.9 20.3 20.3 20.3 20.0
9 小麦粉 20.2 20.2 20.3 20.1 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.4
10 牛肉 19.9 20.1 20.3 20.0 20.6 20.4 20.8 20.8
11 猪肉 21.3 21.1 20.5 21.0 20.0 20.5 20.4 20.3
12 羊肉 20.0 20.5 20.7 20.3 20.5 20.2 20.3 20.3
), ArticleFig(id=1217864272030388344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同基质信噪比结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 基质 添加水平
/(μg/kg)
信噪比(S/N)
TMP TDBPP TnPP TiBP TnBP V6 TCiPP TDCiPP
1 大米 1.0 10.3 9.9 10.5 10.2 10.7 10.2 10.9 10.3
2 玉米 10.2 10.7 10.2 10.9 10.3 10.4 10.3 9.9
3 小麦粉 10.9 10.3 10.5 9.9 9.9 10.1 10.2 10.3
4 牛肉 9.9 10.5 9.9 9.9 10.3 10.5 10.9 10.6
5 猪肉 10.5 11.0 10.1 10.7 10.1 10.3 10.2 10.3
6 羊肉 9.8 10.1 10.1 10.3 10.5 10.0 10.1 10.2
7 大米 2.0 20.1 20.1 20.6 20.1 21.1 20.2 21.1 20.4
8 玉米 20.3 21.0 20.1 20.9 20.3 20.3 20.3 20.0
9 小麦粉 20.2 20.2 20.3 20.1 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.4
10 牛肉 19.9 20.1 20.3 20.0 20.6 20.4 20.8 20.8
11 猪肉 21.3 21.1 20.5 21.0 20.0 20.5 20.4 20.3
12 羊肉 20.0 20.5 20.7 20.3 20.5 20.2 20.3 20.3
), ArticleFig(id=1217864272147828861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Matrix spike recoveries and RSDs of 8 kinds of target compounds (n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 分析物 添加水平/(μg/kg) 大米 玉米 小麦粉 牛肉 猪肉 羊肉
回收率/% RSDs
/%
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
回收率/% RSDs
/%
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
回收率/% RSDs
/%
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
1 TMP 1.5 96.7 3.6 96.3 2.4 98.0 3.0 97.2 5.6 88.3 3.0 95.6 4.3
10.0 104.5 3.2 106.3 0.9 102.6 4.5 105.9 2.4 103.6 3.2 101.0 1.2
40.0 105.0 2.1 104.6 2.0 97.3 2.2 102.7 0.9 105.9 1.5 89.8 1.3
2 TDBPP 1.5 107.3 5.5 109.7 5.9 105.6 5.6 105.8 6.6 110.2 1.0 107.9 5.2
10.0 112.3 2.0 110.6 3.5 111.0 2.1 108.6 3.6 111.0 1.3 113.7 0.7
40.0 109.6 3.3 101.4 9.4 111.1 2.4 109.0 2.8 112.4 2.3 104.3 7.9
3 TnPP 1.5 79.6 7.5 78.7 4.6 93.2 2.7 75.6 8.4 76.2 4.6 74.1 7.3
10.0 105.7 1.2 110.5 2.1 106.5 1.4 94.5 12.7 112.4 2.8 109.6 3.9
40.0 118.5 1.3 116.0 1.5 117.3 2.3 112.8 2.5 116.9 1.4 116.4 2.2
4 TiBP 1.5 91.9 2.4 116.6 1.8 96.1 6.9 95.3 2.8 87.7 8.2 99.0 3.7
10.0 116.4 3.2 117.1 1.8 117.9 1.8 115.3 2.4 118.0 1.2 117.7 1.6
40.0 117.3 1.3 116.2 2.9 107.6 3.3 116.8 1.2 113.4 3.5 113.8 3.7
5 TnBP 1.5 70.7 0.5 118.0 1.2 102.0 0.9 88.5 1.3 89.6 1.5 89.9 3.1
10.0 111.3 1.6 119.2 0.6 118.9 0.3 111.8 1.0 109.8 1.2 117.4 0.4
40.0 115.3 0.6 117.3 0.5 115.5 0.7 107.1 1.4 119.6 0.2 116.3 1.4
6 V6 1.5 88.4 1.4 70.0 0.7 81.9 1.0 70.5 1.3 86.5 5.4 82.9 5.4
10.0 117.2 0.9 119.3 0.4 107.9 1.2 106.6 0.8 118.7 0.4 119.3 0.6
40.0 92.3 0.9 115.3 0.9 99.1 2.0 94.1 0.4 114.4 0.8 116.3 1.0
7 TCiPP 1.5 101.2 1.4 117.8 1.1 79.5 1.0 101.4 1.1 117.5 1.0 77.0 2.4
10.0 82.6 0.7 118.4 0.6 118.9 0.4 119.6 0.3 92.0 1.4 118.9 0.3
40.0 103.9 0.4 117.1 0.6 118.8 0.5 113.0 1.3 93.6 0.7 96.9 1.3
8 TDCiPP 1.5 105.7 4.8 75.2 1.9 84.5 2.2 83.2 8.3 72.5 2.6 89.4 3.3
10.0 101.1 1.4 117.7 0.9 111.2 1.1 77.0 0.8 74.1 1.4 102.7 1.5
40.0 115.0 1.2 118.3 1.1 115.1 0.6 115.8 1.6 70.8 1.8 117.6 0.9
), ArticleFig(id=1217864272252686463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

8种目标化合物基质加标回收率和RSDs (n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 分析物 添加水平/(μg/kg) 大米 玉米 小麦粉 牛肉 猪肉 羊肉
回收率/% RSDs
/%
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
回收率/% RSDs
/%
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
回收率/% RSDs
/%
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
1 TMP 1.5 96.7 3.6 96.3 2.4 98.0 3.0 97.2 5.6 88.3 3.0 95.6 4.3
10.0 104.5 3.2 106.3 0.9 102.6 4.5 105.9 2.4 103.6 3.2 101.0 1.2
40.0 105.0 2.1 104.6 2.0 97.3 2.2 102.7 0.9 105.9 1.5 89.8 1.3
2 TDBPP 1.5 107.3 5.5 109.7 5.9 105.6 5.6 105.8 6.6 110.2 1.0 107.9 5.2
10.0 112.3 2.0 110.6 3.5 111.0 2.1 108.6 3.6 111.0 1.3 113.7 0.7
40.0 109.6 3.3 101.4 9.4 111.1 2.4 109.0 2.8 112.4 2.3 104.3 7.9
3 TnPP 1.5 79.6 7.5 78.7 4.6 93.2 2.7 75.6 8.4 76.2 4.6 74.1 7.3
10.0 105.7 1.2 110.5 2.1 106.5 1.4 94.5 12.7 112.4 2.8 109.6 3.9
40.0 118.5 1.3 116.0 1.5 117.3 2.3 112.8 2.5 116.9 1.4 116.4 2.2
4 TiBP 1.5 91.9 2.4 116.6 1.8 96.1 6.9 95.3 2.8 87.7 8.2 99.0 3.7
10.0 116.4 3.2 117.1 1.8 117.9 1.8 115.3 2.4 118.0 1.2 117.7 1.6
40.0 117.3 1.3 116.2 2.9 107.6 3.3 116.8 1.2 113.4 3.5 113.8 3.7
5 TnBP 1.5 70.7 0.5 118.0 1.2 102.0 0.9 88.5 1.3 89.6 1.5 89.9 3.1
10.0 111.3 1.6 119.2 0.6 118.9 0.3 111.8 1.0 109.8 1.2 117.4 0.4
40.0 115.3 0.6 117.3 0.5 115.5 0.7 107.1 1.4 119.6 0.2 116.3 1.4
6 V6 1.5 88.4 1.4 70.0 0.7 81.9 1.0 70.5 1.3 86.5 5.4 82.9 5.4
10.0 117.2 0.9 119.3 0.4 107.9 1.2 106.6 0.8 118.7 0.4 119.3 0.6
40.0 92.3 0.9 115.3 0.9 99.1 2.0 94.1 0.4 114.4 0.8 116.3 1.0
7 TCiPP 1.5 101.2 1.4 117.8 1.1 79.5 1.0 101.4 1.1 117.5 1.0 77.0 2.4
10.0 82.6 0.7 118.4 0.6 118.9 0.4 119.6 0.3 92.0 1.4 118.9 0.3
40.0 103.9 0.4 117.1 0.6 118.8 0.5 113.0 1.3 93.6 0.7 96.9 1.3
8 TDCiPP 1.5 105.7 4.8 75.2 1.9 84.5 2.2 83.2 8.3 72.5 2.6 89.4 3.3
10.0 101.1 1.4 117.7 0.9 111.2 1.1 77.0 0.8 74.1 1.4 102.7 1.5
40.0 115.0 1.2 118.3 1.1 115.1 0.6 115.8 1.6 70.8 1.8 117.6 0.9
), ArticleFig(id=1217864272399487108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Actual sample measurement results (μg/kg)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品类型 TMP TDBPP TnPP TiBP TnBP V6 TCiPP TDCiPP
小麦粉-1 - 25.60 - - - - - -
小麦粉-2 - 27.30 - - - - - -
小麦粉-3 - 27.70 - - - - - -
小麦粉-4 - 29.00 - - - - - -
大米-1 - 7.24 - - - - - 15.40
大米-2 - 7.36 - - - - - 18.50
大米-3 - 7.83 - - - - - 20.60
大米-4 - 9.72 - - - - - 34.20
大米-5 - 2.68 - - - - - 8.49
大米-6 - 7.04 - - - - - 17.20
大米-7 - 10.40 - - - - - 17.10
大米-8 - 14.00 - - - - - 21.30
玉米-1 - - - - - - - -
玉米-2 - - - - - - - -
羊肉-1 7.93 - - - - - - -
羊肉-2 9.68 - - - - - - -
牛肉-1 6.19 - - - - - - -
牛肉-2 - - - - - - - -
猪肉-1 2.76 - - - - - - -
猪肉-2 15.40 -- - - - - - -
猪肉-3 - - - - - - - -
), ArticleFig(id=1217864273741664390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845642639102562, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

实际样品测定结果(μg/kg)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品类型 TMP TDBPP TnPP TiBP TnBP V6 TCiPP TDCiPP
小麦粉-1 - 25.60 - - - - - -
小麦粉-2 - 27.30 - - - - - -
小麦粉-3 - 27.70 - - - - - -
小麦粉-4 - 29.00 - - - - - -
大米-1 - 7.24 - - - - - 15.40
大米-2 - 7.36 - - - - - 18.50
大米-3 - 7.83 - - - - - 20.60
大米-4 - 9.72 - - - - - 34.20
大米-5 - 2.68 - - - - - 8.49
大米-6 - 7.04 - - - - - 17.20
大米-7 - 10.40 - - - - - 17.10
大米-8 - 14.00 - - - - - 21.30
玉米-1 - - - - - - - -
玉米-2 - - - - - - - -
羊肉-1 7.93 - - - - - - -
羊肉-2 9.68 - - - - - - -
牛肉-1 6.19 - - - - - - -
牛肉-2 - - - - - - - -
猪肉-1 2.76 - - - - - - -
猪肉-2 15.40 -- - - - - - -
猪肉-3 - - - - - - - -
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QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测主要肉类与谷物类食品中8种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂
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侯俐南 , 陈静 * , 吕沈亮 , 韩宇 , 童仁平 , 陈燕 *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测 2025,16(16): 75-85
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测 2025, 16(16): 75-85
QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测主要肉类与谷物类食品中8种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂
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侯俐南 , 陈静* , 吕沈亮, 韩宇, 童仁平, 陈燕*
作者信息
  • 上海市食品药品检验研究院, 上海 201203
  • 侯俐南(1991—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 陈静(1981—), 女, 硕士, 副主任药师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail: ;
陈燕(1978—), 女, 硕士, 副主任药师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail:
Simultaneous determination of 8 kinds of organophosphate ester flame retardants in major meat and cereal food products by QuEChERS-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Li-Nan HOU , Jing CHEN* , Shen-Liang LV, Yu HAN, Ren-Ping TONG, Yan CHEN*
Affiliations
  • Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250416002
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目的 建立QuEChERS净化技术结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定主要肉类与谷物类食品中8种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂的分析方法。方法 采用Agilent EC-C18 (3 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm)色谱柱, 流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈, 梯度洗脱, 流速为0.4 mL/min, 电喷雾离子源正离子(positive electrospray ionization, ESI+)模式, 多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式检测。结果 8种有机磷酸脂类阻燃剂分离良好, 在1.0~50.0 ng/mL范围内具有良好线性关系, 相关系数均大于0.99; 检出限均为1.0 μg/kg; 定量限均为2.0 μg/kg; 方法回收率为70.0%~119.6%, 相对标准偏差为0.2%~12.7%。结论 本研究建立的方法前处理简单、快速、萃取效率高, 并成功应用于食品(谷物、畜肉)中有机磷酸脂类阻燃剂的分析检测。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法  /  有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂  /  QuEChERS

Objective To establish an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 8 kinds of organophosphate ester flame retardants of major meat and cereal food products by QuEChERS purification technology coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Methods Separation was achieved on a Agilent EC-C18 column (3 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile under gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Detection was performed in positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Results The 8 kinds of organophosphate ester flame retardants exhibited good separation and showed excellent linearity in the range of 1.0-50.0 ng/mL, with correlation coefficients all greater than 0.99. The limits of detection and limits of quantitation were 1.0 μg/kg and 2.0 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries of this method were 70.0%-119.6%, and the relative standard deviations were 0.2%-12.7%. Conclusion The established method is simple, rapid and highly efficient in extraction, and has been successfully applied to the analysis of organophosphate ester flame retardants in food samples (including cereals and meat products).

ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry  /  organophosphate ester flame retardants  /  QuEChERS
侯俐南, 陈静, 吕沈亮, 韩宇, 童仁平, 陈燕. QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测主要肉类与谷物类食品中8种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (16) : 75 -85 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250416002
Li-Nan HOU, Jing CHEN, Shen-Liang LV, Yu HAN, Ren-Ping TONG, Yan CHEN. Simultaneous determination of 8 kinds of organophosphate ester flame retardants in major meat and cereal food products by QuEChERS-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (16) : 75 -85 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250416002
有机磷酸酯(organophosphate esters, OPEs)具有良好的阻燃性能, 是阻燃剂和塑化剂的主要原料, 通常以添加剂形式存在于各种材料中, 在生产和使用过程中伴随磨损和挥发易释放到环境中, 现已成为新型污染物[1-6], 受到高度关注。目前, 已经在水[7]、空气[8]、室内灰尘[9]、沉积物[10]和土壤[11]等多种介质中广泛检出OPEs, 毒理学研究已证实该类化合物具有神经毒性、致癌性、破坏内分泌系统以及生殖系统等毒性[12-15], 而食品摄取是OPEs进入人体的重要方式之一[16-17], 食品样品中OPEs的检测成为近年来关注的热点。OPEs主要分为3类, 一类为烷基类OPEs, 取代基主要是由C、H元素组成的直链或支链化合物; 一类为卤化类OPEs, 取代基是由氯和溴2种卤素取代烷烃链上H的化合物; 另一类为芳香类OPEs, 取代基一般含有一个或多个芳香环[18-21]。目前, OPEs的分析研究主要集中在粉尘、纺织品、水体及各种鱼类[22-25], 欧盟和国内关于食品中OPEs的限值尚未有相关规定[26], 仅有少量研究调查了动物源性食品中OPEs的残留[27-28]
本研究拟采用QuEChERS技术, 结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对谷物(大米、小麦、玉米)和畜肉(猪肉、牛肉、羊肉)样品中8种OPEs[包括磷酸三甲酯(trimethyl phosphate, TMP)、磷酸三(2,3-二溴丙基)酯[tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate, TDBPP]、磷酸三丙酯(tripropyl phosphate, TnPP)、磷酸三异丁酯(triisobutyl phosphate, TiBP)、磷酸三正丁酯(tributyl phosphate, TnBP)、2,2-二(氯甲基)-1,3-丙二醇双[双(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯](antiblaze V6, V6)、磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯[tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate, TCiPP]、磷酸三(1,3-二氯-2-丙基)酯[tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate, TDCiPP]]进行同时测定, 以期为解决我国目前食品中OPEs的检测技术方法提供参考, 并为食品中OPEs的质量控制及相关标准的研究提供实验依据及数据支撑。
市售猪肉样品、牛肉样品、羊肉样品、大米样品、小麦粉样品、玉米样品, 均购于线下超市以及线上平台, 实验前取500 g以上样本均质后冷冻保存, 实验前解冻后取样。
去离子水符合GB/T 6682—2008《分析实验室用水规格和试验方法》的一级水; 无水硫酸镁、无水硫酸钠(分析纯, 国药集团化学试剂有限公司); 乙腈(色谱纯, 美国JT.Baker公司); 甲醇、甲酸、二氯甲烷(色谱纯, 德国默克公司); 乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷化硅胶(primary secondary amine, PSA)粉、C18粉、EMR-Lipid、石墨化碳黑(graphitized carbon black, GCB)(美国安捷伦公司); 标准品及同位素内标信息详见表1
Waters Acquity BSM超高效液相色谱仪(美国Waters公司); AB TRIPLE QUAD 5500+质谱仪(美国AB SCIEX公司); BT224S电子天平(精度0.01 g)、5810R离心机(德国Eppendorf公司); MS3 basic涡旋混合器、T18均质机(美国IKA公司); CPX8800H-C超声波清洗仪(美国BRANSON公司); 氮吹仪(美国Organomation公司); Milli-Q超纯水器(美国Millipore公司); Agilent EC-C18 (3 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm)(美国Agilent公司); 聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE)、微孔滤膜(0.2 μm)(天津津腾实验设备有限公司)。
OPEs混合标准工作溶液(100 ng/mL): 精密量取OPEs混合标准溶液0.01 mL至10 mL容量瓶中, 用甲醇稀释定容至刻度。
混合内标工作溶液(1 μg/mL): 精密量取混合内标溶液0.1 mL至10 mL容量瓶中, 用甲醇稀释定容至刻度。
标准曲线溶液的制备: 分别准确吸取OPEs混合标准工作溶液(100 ng/mL) 10、20、50、100、200、500 μL, 加入混合内标工作溶液(1 μg/mL) 10 μL, 用乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶溶液(8:2, V:V)溶液定容至1.0 mL, 制备成质量浓度分别为1.0、2.0、5.0、10.0、20.0、50.0 ng/mL的系列标准工作溶液。
0.5%甲酸乙腈: 取0.5 mL甲酸, 用乙腈溶解并稀释至100 mL。
0.1%甲酸水溶液: 取1 mL甲酸, 用去离子水溶解并稀释至1000 mL。
乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶溶液(8:2, V:V): 量取800 mL乙腈, 加入200 mL 0.1%甲酸水溶液, 混匀。
谷物: 称取1.0 g(精确至0.01 g)混合均匀的样品于50 mL离心管中, 加入1 μg/mL混合内标工作溶液10 μL, 加入2 mL水混匀, 静置10 min。加入0.5%甲酸乙腈溶液10 mL, 涡旋混匀2 min, 超声(25 kHz)提取10 min, 加入4 g Na2SO4, 涡旋2 min, 10000 r/min离心5 min, 上清液待净化。
畜肉: 称取1.0 g(精确至0.01 g)混合均匀的样品于50 mL离心管中, 加入1 μg/mL混合内标工作溶液10 μL, 加入2 mL水混匀, 静置10 min。加入0.5%甲酸乙腈溶液10 mL, 涡旋混匀2 min, 超声(25 kHz)提取10 min, 加入4 g Na2SO4, 1 g EMR-Lipid粉, 涡旋2 min, -20 ℃冷冻30 min。取出样品, 10000 r/min离心5 min, 吸取上清液加入10 mL二氯甲烷溶液, 涡旋混匀1 min, 10000 r/min离心5 min, 取下层液体待净化。
吸取待净化液6 mL置于15 mL净化管中(600 mg硫酸镁, 200 mg PSA, 150 mg C18), 涡旋混匀。10000 r/min离心5 min, 吸取上清液4 mL在微弱的氮气流下吹干(30 ℃水浴), 用0.4 mL乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶溶液(8:2, V:V)复溶, 混合均匀。10000 r/min离心5 min, 0.2 μm PTFE滤膜过滤, 供超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定。
色谱柱: Agilent EC-C18 (3 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm); 柱温: 40 ℃; 流速: 0.4 mL/min; 流动相A: 0.1%甲酸水溶液; 流动相B: 乙腈; 梯度洗脱程序详见表2
离子源: 电喷雾离子源(electron spray ionization, ESI); 扫描方式: 正离子扫描。检测方式: 多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM); 电喷雾电压: 4500 V; 气帘气: 68.95 kPa; 雾化气: 310.26 kPa; 辅助气: 310.26 kPa; 离子源温度: 600 ℃; 目标化合物质谱参数详见表3
使用AB TRIPLE QUAD 5500+质谱仪配套的SCIEX OS数据处理软件完成色谱图绘制、线性计算与积分定量, 使用Excel 2021进行数据处理, 使用Origin 2022 Pro进行绘图与色谱图处理。方法学考察的回收率实验平行测定6份, 结果以平均回收率和相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)表示。
将8种OPEs及其内标用甲醇配制成质量浓度为0.5 μg/mL的标准溶液, 使用流动注射泵进样的方式, 在电喷雾离子源模式下分析目标化合物, 分别在正、负离子模式下根据化合物的分子量大小, 对各物质进行全扫描, 确定8种有机磷酸脂类阻燃剂及其内标的分子离子, 将分子离子作为母离子, 给予一定的碰撞能量, 全扫描二级离子。综合考虑各待测化合物的灵敏度和检测效率, 最终选择以正离子模式进行质谱参数的优化。选取丰度较高的子离子分别作为定量和定性离子, 以MRM正模式优化去簇电压、碰撞能量等质谱参数。确定化合物的母离子、子离子、去簇电压、碰撞能量后, 再对化合物的电喷雾电压、离子源温度这些主要的质谱参数进行优化。最终选择电喷雾电压为4500 V, 离子源温度为600 ℃。各化合物优化后的主要质谱参数详见表3
(1)色谱柱的选择
本研究对比了Waters BEH-C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm)、Waters XTerra-C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.7 μm)、Agilent SB-Phenyl (2.1 mm×150 mm, 5 μm)、Agilent SB-Aq (2.1 mm×100 mm, 5 μm)和Agilent EC-C18 (3 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm) 5种色谱柱对待测化合物的分离效果。流动相组成为A (0.1%甲酸水溶液), B(甲醇), 按照表2进行梯度洗脱, 由相同浓度的标准溶液进样后的分离情况以及峰面积响应结果可知, Agilent EC-C18 (3 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm)中各待测化合物的峰形尖锐并对称、响应更高, 最终选取Agilent EC-C18 (3 mm× 150 mm, 2.7 μm)色谱柱来分析待测物。
(2)流动相的选择
选定色谱柱后, 继续优化流动相的组成, 通过查阅相关文献, 本研究选用甲醇、乙腈作为有机相, 去离子水、5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液、0.05%甲酸溶液、0.1%甲酸溶液、0.2%甲酸溶液、5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)作为水相, 探究不同流动相组成对待测化合物峰形及离子化效率的影响。结果表明, 当乙腈作为有机相, 0.1%甲酸水溶液作为水相时, 各待测化合物响应好, 灵敏度高, 离子化效率高。因此, 本研究采用0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 8种化合物的提取离子流图详见图1
(1)提取溶剂的优化
选择小麦粉、羊肉为典型基质, 先加入2 mL水分散基质, 然后加入相同浓度的待测物质, 比较不同提取溶剂的提取效果。选用实验室常用的有机溶剂甲醇、乙腈、0.1%甲酸甲醇、0.1%甲酸乙腈、0.5%甲酸甲醇、0.5%甲酸乙腈作为提取溶剂, 分别对试样中8种OPEs污染物的提取回收率进行考察。用相同溶剂同步提取相应的基质空白溶液, 并用基质空白溶液配制同浓度水平的溶液。提取后待测物的绝对峰面积与相同空白基质配制的同浓度标准品峰面积进行比较, 得到提取回收率, 结果详见图23
图23可知, 乙腈相对于甲醇提取率相近, 但在小麦粉基质中可以看出个别化合物如TMP、TnPP、TnBP、TDCiPP采用乙腈进行提取, 回收率相对更高。且随着酸浓度的增加, OPEs回收率有所提高。此外小麦粉基质中8种目标化合物的RSDs为2.4~6.1% (n=6), 羊肉基质中8种目标化合物的RSDs为2.9~6.6% (n=6), 故最终确立了以0.5%甲酸乙腈作为8种OPEs污染物的提取溶剂。
(2)提取时间和方式的优化
在确定提取溶剂的基础上考察提取时间、提取方式的提取效果。选用小麦粉和羊肉为典型基质, 加入相同浓度的待测物质, 静置10 min, 再加0.5%甲酸乙腈后分别同步涡旋混匀2、5、10、15、20 min以及同步超声提取2、5、10、15、20 min, 提取后待测物的绝对峰面积与相同空白基质配制的同浓度标准品峰面积进行比较, 得到提取回收率, 详见图4~7
图4~7可知, 涡旋时长2~20 min, 超声时长2~20 min, 两种基质样品中8种OPEs提取回收率均能达到80%。且小麦粉基质中8种目标化合物的RSDs为2.8~6.1% (n=6), 羊肉基质中8种目标化合物的RSDs为2.2~6.6% (n=6)。从样品实际提取状态上看, 涡旋可使样品快速均匀地分散于提取液中, 但整体颗粒度较大。与此相比, 采用超声提取的方式, 可使样品更细腻地分散于提取液中, 但此过程较为缓慢, 前10 min仍能发现试管底部有少量成团现象。故本研究中采用先涡旋混匀2 min, 再超声提取10 min相结合的方式, 进行样品提取。
选择小麦粉、羊肉为典型基质, 提取前在基质中加入2 mL水起到基质分散的作用, 水与提取溶剂(0.5%甲酸乙腈)会部分混溶, 影响提取效果。本研究称取1 g不同基质的空白样品, 加入一定浓度的待测物质, 分别添加1、2、4 g氯化钠及1、2、4 g无水硫酸钠, 得终质量浓度为20 ng/mL待测溶液, 观察不同分散剂的分散提取效果, 离心后取上清液进样。同时制备空白基质提取液, 并用空白基质提取液配制同浓度水平的溶液。提取后待测物的绝对峰面积与相同空白基质配制的同浓度标准品峰面积进行比较, 得到提取回收率, 详见图89
图89可知, 当添加不同量氯化钠时, 样品中8种OPEs提取回收率均未达到60%。这是由于加入氯化钠的样品中的水分与乙腈仍有一定比例的混溶情况, 水和乙腈分层不明显, 从而影响OPEs的提取率。而添加不同量无水硫酸钠时, 8种OPEs提取回收率均大于70%。这是由于在无水硫酸钠的作用下, 水和乙腈达到很好的分层效果。当添加4 g无水硫酸钠时, 无水硫酸钠过量存在, 水相被无水硫酸钠完全消耗, 大大提高OPEs在乙腈中的萃取效果, 故最终选取4 g无水硫酸钠作为分散剂促进水与乙腈两相分离, 促进乙腈对OPEs的提取。且小麦粉基质中8种目标化合物的RSDs为2.6~6.7% (n=6), 羊肉基质中8种目标化合物的RSDs为3.2~5.6% (n=6)。
在测定空白基质配制的标准品溶液时发现, 羊肉基质空白溶液配制的标准溶液与小麦粉基质相比绝对响应值偏低, 这是由于羊肉基质溶液中存在磷脂类物质所致。故本研究在处理畜肉样品时, 加入分散剂4 g无水硫酸钠后再添加1 g EMR-Lipid粉末, 并在提取后加入10 mL二氯甲烷, 用于吸附及除去畜肉中的油脂类物质, 从而减轻该类物质对响应值的抑制作用[29]
为了达到更好的净化效果, 本研究选择了QuEChERS净化包的净化手段。选择小麦粉、羊肉作为典型基质, 添加以下不同组成的净化包, 如净化包1 (1200 mg硫酸镁、400 mg PSA), 净化包2 (1200 mg硫酸镁、400 mg PSA、400 mg C18), 净化包3 (600 mg硫酸镁、200 mg PSA、150 mg C18), 净化包4 (600 mg硫酸镁、200 mg PSA、 400 mg GCB), 净化包5 (600 mg硫酸镁、200 mg PSA、150 mg C18、200 g GCB)。在净化包中加入一定浓度的混合标准溶液, 用0.5%甲酸乙腈进行提取, 得终质量浓度为20 ng/mL待测溶液。用0.5%甲酸乙腈同步提取相应的基质空白溶液, 并用基质空白溶液配制相同浓度水平的溶液。净化包提取液中待测物的绝对峰面积与相同空白基质配制的同浓度标准品峰面积进行比较, 得到提取回收率, 详见图1011
图1011可知, 净化包3 (600 mg硫酸镁、200 mg PSA、150 mg C18)相对于其他净化包的净化效果最佳, 故本研究选用净化包3进行净化处理。且小麦粉基质中8种目标化合物的RSDs为3.2~5.7% (n=6), 羊肉基质中8种目标化合物的RSDs为2.8~5.9% (n=6)。
因流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈, 且OPEs易溶于酸性溶液中, 本研究分别考察了100 ng/mL质量浓度标准溶液氮气吹干后, 在不同比例乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液复溶溶剂(8:2、7:3、6:4、5:5、4:6、3:7、2:8, V:V)中溶解, 溶解后测定各复溶溶剂中各目标化合物质谱响应峰面积, 选择该化合物中响应最高的峰面积为参比, 求出各化合物响应峰面积与参比峰面积求百分比, 得到差异影响分析图(图12)。结果表明, 乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液(8:2, V:V)为复溶溶剂时各目标化合物质谱响应强度最高, 且不同比例乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液复溶后各化合物峰面积的RSDs为1.2~2.6% (n=6), 因此, 选择乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液(8:2, V:V)作为最终的复溶溶剂。
按1.3.1配制OPEs系列标准工作溶液, 内标法进行定量分析。在上述确定的仪器条件下, 按浓度由低到高依次进样, 供超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定。以各组分对应的质量浓度(X, ng/mL)为横坐标, 各待测物与其相应的内标物峰面积比值(Y)为纵坐标, 绘制标准工作曲线, 各物质线性回归方程及相关系数结果见表4。由表4可知, 8种有机磷酸脂类化合物在1.0~50.0 ng/mL范围内具有良好线性关系, 相关系数均大于0.99。
考虑到有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂在实际检测过程中仪器会有残留且样品会存在微量本底的情况, 为了排除样品在实际检测过程中出现假阳性的可能, 方法的检出限与定量限不宜采用信噪比估计法。同时方法在不同仪器、不同实验室之间还存在灵敏度差异。综合以上因素本方法选择当谷物和畜肉取样量为1.0 g时, 8种OPEs的检出限均为1.0 μg/kg, 定量限均为2.0 μg/kg。具体操作为分别取谷物(大米、玉米、小麦粉)和畜肉(牛肉、猪肉、羊肉) 1.0 g, 每个基质各取两份进行检出限、定量限加标实验, 分别加入OPEs混合标准工作溶液(100 ng/mL) 10 μL、20 μL, 制成添加水平为1.0 μg/kg、2.0 μg/kg样品, 同样品前处理进行制备, 计算其信噪比。不同样品基质各添加浓度的信噪比结果见表5
表5可知, 当谷物和畜肉样品加标浓度为1.0 μg/kg时, 其信噪比为9.8~11.0; 当谷物和畜肉样品加标浓度为2.0 μg/kg时, 其信噪比为19.9~21.3。
以谷物(大米、玉米、小麦粉)和畜肉(牛肉、猪肉、羊肉)进行加标回收实验。分别称取空白样品(无空白测定一式两份样品本底, 扣除样品本底后计算回收率), 添加8种OPEs污染物, 分别制成添加水平1.5、10.0、40.0 μg/kg样品。按样品前处理方法平行制备6份试样进行加标回收实验, 计算平均回收率和RSDs, 考察方法的准确度和精密度。结果见表6
表6可知, 大米各添加水平的平均回收率为70.7%~118.5%, RSDs为0.4%~7.5%; 玉米各添加水平的平均回收率为70.0%~119.3%, RSDs为0.4%~9.4%; 小麦粉各添加水平的平均回收率为79.5%~118.9%, RSDs为0.3%~6.9%; 牛肉各添加水平的平均回收率为70.5%~119.6%, RSDs为0.3%~12.7%; 猪肉各添加水平的平均回收率为70.8%~119.6%, RSDs为0.2%~8.2%; 羊肉各添加水平的平均回收率为74.1%~119.3%, RSDs为0.3%~7.9%。方法的准确度、精密度均满足GB/T 27404—2008《实验室质量控制规范 食品理化检测》的要求。
采用本方法对市售小麦粉样品4批、大米样品8批、玉米样品2批、羊肉样品2批、牛肉样品2批、猪肉样品3批进行测定, 测定结果详见表7
表7可知, 21批样品中, TnPP、TiBP、TnBP、V6、TCiPP均为未检出, TMP的检出率为23.8%, 含量分别为2.76~15.40 μg/kg, 主要集中在畜肉类样品; TDBPP的检出率为57.1%, 含量分别为2.68~29.00 μg/kg, 主要集中在小麦粉、大米样品; TDCiPP的检出率为38.1%, 含量分别为8.49~34.20 μg/kg, 主要集中在大米样品。谷物相对于畜肉类样品有机磷酸酯检出率更高一些, 这可能是由于有机磷酸酯类物质与材料之间是以物理方式结合, 没有化学键的形成, 因此较容易经磨损、浸泡后扩散到水、土壤等各种环境介质中[30-31]。而大米、小麦是农作物, 尤其水稻长期处于湿润土壤环境中, 因而更容易受到有机磷酸酯类物质的污染, 检出率更高。
食品基质复杂, 不同类型OPEs的物理化学性质差异较大[32], 本研究聚焦于部分烷基类OPEs、卤化类OPEs, 采用QuEChERS净化技术, 结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析, 建立了同时测定谷物、畜肉食品中8种OPEs的分析方法, 探明谷物、畜肉食品中OPEs污染情况。本方法前处理操作简单, 检出限低, 回收率和精密度较好, 满足谷物、畜肉食品中OPEs的痕量分析要求, 为食品中OPEs的质量控制及相关标准的建立提供了科学依据。
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2025年第16卷第16期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250416002
  • 接收时间:2025-04-16
  • 首发时间:2026-01-13
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-16
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    上海市食品药品检验研究院, 上海 201203

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* 陈静(1981—), 女, 硕士, 副主任药师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail: ;
陈燕(1978—), 女, 硕士, 副主任药师, 主要研究方向为食品质量与食品安全。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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