Article(id=1217845638537073135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250306004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1741190400000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768286626705, onlineDateStr=2026-01-13, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768286626705, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768286626705, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768286626705, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1217845635080962613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='16', pageStart='1', pageEnd='324', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768286625881, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768287480278, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1217849218753024879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1217849218753024880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=131, endPage=139, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1217845638906171892, articleId=1217845638537073135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Visual detection of Shigella by loop-mediated isothermal amplification -CRISPR/Cas12b assay, columnId=1217845637362663999, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Detection and Control of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To develop a rapid and visual method for detecting Shigella by combining loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein 12b (CRISPR/Cas12b). Methods Based on the conserved invasion plasmid antigen H gene ipaH7 sequence of Shigella, LAMP primers were designed and screened to establish a LAMP method for detection of Shigella. The candidate sgRNAs were designed based on the target DNA sequence of LAMP amplified fragment, and then the sgRNA, which could specifically recognize and stimulate Cas12b cleavage, was screened. Finally, a rapid detection method for detecting Shigella was developed by combining LAMP with CRISPR/Cas12b, and the specificity and sensitivity were evaluated. Results A set of LAMP primers and sgRNA targeting Shigella ipaH7 were screened, and a LAMP CRISPR/Cas12b detection method was established. The detection could be completed within 1 hour with the lowest limit of detection of 1.1×101 CFU/mL for pure culture and 1.1×101 CFU/g for spiked pork samples, and no cross reactivity with other pathogens. Conclusion This study successfully establishes a rapid, sensitive and visual detection method for Shigella, which can achieve accurate detecting Shigella in food samples.

, correspAuthors=Xue-Lan LIU, Qing-Hai HU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yu-Ting ZHENG, Xing-Yu ZHANG, Shi-Qi WANG, Jia-Ling WANG, Xiao-Ying ZHANG, Hong-Yan LIAO, Xue-Lan LIU, Qing-Hai HU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1217845642152563269, articleId=1217845638537073135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=环介导等温扩增-CRISPR/Cas12b可视化检测志贺氏菌, columnId=1217845637517853250, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=专题:食源性致病菌检测与防控, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 将环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP)和成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列及其相关蛋白12b [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein 12b, CRISPR/Cas12b]相结合, 建立一种针对志贺氏菌的快速、可视化的检测方法。方法 根据志贺氏菌保守的侵袭质粒抗原H基因ipaH7序列, 设计并筛选LAMP引物, 建立LAMP检测志贺氏菌的方法。然后根据LAMP扩增片段的靶序列设计sgRNA, 并筛选能特异性识别并激发Cas12b切割的sgRNA, 最终建立了LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b快速检测志贺氏菌的方法, 并进行了特异性和灵敏度评价。结果 筛选出一组针对志贺氏菌ipaH7的LAMP扩增引物和sgRNA, 建立了LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b二步法检测志贺氏菌的方法, 可在1 h内完成检测, 最低检出限为1.1×101 CFU/mL纯培养菌和1.1×101 CFU/g加标的猪肉样品, 且与其他病原体无交叉反应。结论 本研究成功建立了一种快速、灵敏、可视化的检测方法, 可实现对食品中志贺氏菌的精准检测。

, correspAuthors=刘雪兰, 胡青海, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 刘雪兰(1973—), 女, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为兽医微生物学。E-mail: ;
胡青海(1971—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为病原细菌学。E-mail:
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郑雨婷(2000—), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为食源性致病菌检测新技术。E-mail:

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Food Microbiology, 2024, 124: 104622., articleTitle=Establishment of LAMP-CRISPR/ Cas12a for rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and one-pot detection, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1217864258969326124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, awardId=21N31900900, language=CN, fundingSource=上海市科技创新项目(21N31900900), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217864249590862777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864249733469119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, companyId=1217864249590862777, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864249737663425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, companyId=1217864249590862777, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 安徽农业大学动物医学院, 合肥 230026)]), AuthorCompany(id=1217864249838326728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864249850909643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, companyId=1217864249838326728, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864249855103948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, companyId=1217864249838326728, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所, 上海 200241)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1217864256557601106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Screening of LAMP primer sets, figureFileSmall=iescykBQ0uqDqTIAec10+w==, figureFileBig=86eUyzd6/j5ZnEaPf8FfVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864256641487197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=图1, caption=LAMP引物组的筛选

注: M: DNA marker DS2000; 泳道1~6: 以无核酸酶水为模版, 分别用引物组ipaH7-1~ipaH7-6进行LAMP检测的结果; 泳道7~12: 以宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株基因组DNA作为模板, 分别用引物组ipaH7-1~ipaH7-6进行LAMP检测的结果。

, figureFileSmall=iescykBQ0uqDqTIAec10+w==, figureFileBig=86eUyzd6/j5ZnEaPf8FfVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864256909922669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Screening of sgRNA based on LAMP amplification fragments, figureFileSmall=61eEINnMZBG4eBwT/rc+IQ==, figureFileBig=nYVNK3TW0ZgmzdjotXuUfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257023168888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=图2, caption=基于LAMP扩增片段的sgRNA筛选

注: 1~7. sgRNA1~sgRNA7。

, figureFileSmall=61eEINnMZBG4eBwT/rc+IQ==, figureFileBig=nYVNK3TW0ZgmzdjotXuUfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257182552456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Optimization of the reaction time of CRISPR cleavage in two-step CRISPR/Cas12b detection, figureFileSmall=ReAejoxYsirgs3vXHghPJQ==, figureFileBig=yEvzboav79bIRa8CeYJUjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257291604373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=图3, caption=LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b二步法检测中CRIPSR切割时间的优化

注: A中红色曲线为志贺氏菌基因组DNA为模板, 黑色为无核酸酶水为模板。B中1~3分别是反应时间为5、10、15 min时反应产物在紫外灯下的荧光强度; 4为空白模板对照。

, figureFileSmall=ReAejoxYsirgs3vXHghPJQ==, figureFileBig=yEvzboav79bIRa8CeYJUjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257392267680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Specificity of LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b testing for detecting Shigella, figureFileSmall=TdK6zWSd5mUQU1lOuxLWaA==, figureFileBig=rULOOqDPQdUscTlJJdxCmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257497125293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=图4, caption=LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b检测志贺氏菌的特异性分析

注: 1~11依次为宋内志贺氏菌、福氏志贺氏菌、痢疾志贺氏菌、肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7、鼠伤寒沙门菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核增生李斯特菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌、副溶血性弧菌、产气荚膜梭菌基因组DNA和无核酸酶水作为模板时的检测结果。

, figureFileSmall=TdK6zWSd5mUQU1lOuxLWaA==, figureFileBig=rULOOqDPQdUscTlJJdxCmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257597788599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Sensitivity of LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b testing for detecting Shigella, figureFileSmall=D8kMBcs8KjP1MxMAFnXwSA==, figureFileBig=kwjDBRRTCOEbHFsf49FvQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257715229121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=图5, caption=LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b检测志贺氏菌的灵敏度

注: 1~5表示菌液浓度分别为1.1×104、1.1×103、1.1×102、1.1×101、1.1×100 CFU/mL宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株提取的基因组DNA为模板时检测结果; 6是无核酸酶水做空白对照的检测结果。

, figureFileSmall=D8kMBcs8KjP1MxMAFnXwSA==, figureFileBig=kwjDBRRTCOEbHFsf49FvQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257857835469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Sensitivity of conventional PCR and qPCR for detecting Shigella, figureFileSmall=RvYKQCZronDEVMuHPD0T8Q==, figureFileBig=SQIFB+VaPf7VDjXe+MO4ew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864257992053209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=图6, caption=常规PCR和qPCR检测志贺氏菌的灵敏度

注: A. M: DNA marker DS2000; 泳道1~9分别为菌液浓度分别为1.1×108、1.1×107、1.1×106、1.1×105、1.1×104、1.1×103、1.1×102、1.1×101和1.1×100 CFU/mL宋内志贺氏菌提取的基因组DNA为模板时的常规PCR检测结果; 10: 无核酸酶水作为模板时的常规PCR扩增结果; B.宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株提取的基因组DNA为模板时的qPCR扩增结果。

, figureFileSmall=RvYKQCZronDEVMuHPD0T8Q==, figureFileBig=SQIFB+VaPf7VDjXe+MO4ew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864258092716512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Sensitivity of LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b testing for detecting Shigella in spiked pork samples, figureFileSmall=ajL4nBYn2hz0TmBsyPL89g==, figureFileBig=L+9y1nrPeFhbzVeiLKhpvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864258189185513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=图7, caption=LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b检测猪肉加标志贺氏菌的灵敏度, figureFileSmall=ajL4nBYn2hz0TmBsyPL89g==, figureFileBig=L+9y1nrPeFhbzVeiLKhpvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864258335986165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Repeatability test results of two-step LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b assay for detecting Shigella, figureFileSmall=RWzlULUPc6gLtj9wBubTRg==, figureFileBig=sl2J/J+JvriXZKcTgT5mEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864258486981118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=图8, caption=LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b两步法检测志贺氏菌的重复性试验结果

注: A、B和C表示不同时间点的检测结果。

, figureFileSmall=RWzlULUPc6gLtj9wBubTRg==, figureFileBig=sl2J/J+JvriXZKcTgT5mEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864258596033031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Strains used in the study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 菌株名称 菌株编号
1 宋内志贺氏菌(Shigella sonnei) CMCC(B)51592
2 福氏志贺氏菌(Shigella flexneri) CMCC(B)51572
3 痢疾志贺氏菌(Shigella dysenteriae) CMCC(B)51105
4 肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7 (Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
O157: H7)
ATCC 43889
5 鼠伤寒沙门菌(Salmonella typhimurium) ATCC 14028
6 金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphyloccocus aureus) ATCC 29213
7 单核增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes) F2365
8 小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌(Yersinia enterocolitica) ATCC 23715
9 副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus) ATCC 17802
10 空肠弯曲菌(Campylobacter jejuni) CJFX01
11 产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens) SH01
), ArticleFig(id=1217864258705084946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845638537073135, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

实验用菌株

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 菌株名称 菌株编号
1 宋内志贺氏菌(Shigella sonnei) CMCC(B)51592
2 福氏志贺氏菌(Shigella flexneri) CMCC(B)51572
3 痢疾志贺氏菌(Shigella dysenteriae) CMCC(B)51105
4 肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7 (Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
O157: H7)
ATCC 43889
5 鼠伤寒沙门菌(Salmonella typhimurium) ATCC 14028
6 金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphyloccocus aureus) ATCC 29213
7 单核增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes) F2365
8 小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌(Yersinia enterocolitica) ATCC 23715
9 副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus) ATCC 17802
10 空肠弯曲菌(Campylobacter jejuni) CJFX01
11 产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens) SH01
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环介导等温扩增-CRISPR/Cas12b可视化检测志贺氏菌
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郑雨婷 1, 2 , 张行雨 1, 2 , 王诗琪 2 , 王佳玲 2 , 张笑莹 2 , 廖洪艳 1, 2 , 刘雪兰 1, * , 胡青海 2, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:食源性致病菌检测与防控 2025,16(16): 131-139
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:食源性致病菌检测与防控 2025, 16(16): 131-139
环介导等温扩增-CRISPR/Cas12b可视化检测志贺氏菌
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郑雨婷1, 2 , 张行雨1, 2, 王诗琪2, 王佳玲2, 张笑莹2, 廖洪艳1, 2, 刘雪兰1, * , 胡青海2, *
作者信息
  • 1 安徽农业大学动物医学院, 合肥 230026
  • 2 中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所, 上海 200241
  • 郑雨婷(2000—), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为食源性致病菌检测新技术。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 刘雪兰(1973—), 女, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为兽医微生物学。E-mail: ;
胡青海(1971—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为病原细菌学。E-mail:
Visual detection of Shigella by loop-mediated isothermal amplification -CRISPR/Cas12b assay
Yu-Ting ZHENG1, 2 , Xing-Yu ZHANG1, 2, Shi-Qi WANG2, Jia-Ling WANG2, Xiao-Ying ZHANG2, Hong-Yan LIAO1, 2, Xue-Lan LIU1, * , Qing-Hai HU2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
  • 2 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250306004
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目的 将环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP)和成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列及其相关蛋白12b [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein 12b, CRISPR/Cas12b]相结合, 建立一种针对志贺氏菌的快速、可视化的检测方法。方法 根据志贺氏菌保守的侵袭质粒抗原H基因ipaH7序列, 设计并筛选LAMP引物, 建立LAMP检测志贺氏菌的方法。然后根据LAMP扩增片段的靶序列设计sgRNA, 并筛选能特异性识别并激发Cas12b切割的sgRNA, 最终建立了LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b快速检测志贺氏菌的方法, 并进行了特异性和灵敏度评价。结果 筛选出一组针对志贺氏菌ipaH7的LAMP扩增引物和sgRNA, 建立了LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b二步法检测志贺氏菌的方法, 可在1 h内完成检测, 最低检出限为1.1×101 CFU/mL纯培养菌和1.1×101 CFU/g加标的猪肉样品, 且与其他病原体无交叉反应。结论 本研究成功建立了一种快速、灵敏、可视化的检测方法, 可实现对食品中志贺氏菌的精准检测。

志贺氏菌  /  食源性致病菌  /  核酸检测  /  环介导等温扩增

Objective To develop a rapid and visual method for detecting Shigella by combining loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein 12b (CRISPR/Cas12b). Methods Based on the conserved invasion plasmid antigen H gene ipaH7 sequence of Shigella, LAMP primers were designed and screened to establish a LAMP method for detection of Shigella. The candidate sgRNAs were designed based on the target DNA sequence of LAMP amplified fragment, and then the sgRNA, which could specifically recognize and stimulate Cas12b cleavage, was screened. Finally, a rapid detection method for detecting Shigella was developed by combining LAMP with CRISPR/Cas12b, and the specificity and sensitivity were evaluated. Results A set of LAMP primers and sgRNA targeting Shigella ipaH7 were screened, and a LAMP CRISPR/Cas12b detection method was established. The detection could be completed within 1 hour with the lowest limit of detection of 1.1×101 CFU/mL for pure culture and 1.1×101 CFU/g for spiked pork samples, and no cross reactivity with other pathogens. Conclusion This study successfully establishes a rapid, sensitive and visual detection method for Shigella, which can achieve accurate detecting Shigella in food samples.

Shigella  /  food-borne pathogens  /  nucleic acid detection  /  loop-mediated isothermal amplification
郑雨婷, 张行雨, 王诗琪, 王佳玲, 张笑莹, 廖洪艳, 刘雪兰, 胡青海. 环介导等温扩增-CRISPR/Cas12b可视化检测志贺氏菌. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (16) : 131 -139 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250306004
Yu-Ting ZHENG, Xing-Yu ZHANG, Shi-Qi WANG, Jia-Ling WANG, Xiao-Ying ZHANG, Hong-Yan LIAO, Xue-Lan LIU, Qing-Hai HU. Visual detection of Shigella by loop-mediated isothermal amplification -CRISPR/Cas12b assay[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (16) : 131 -139 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250306004
志贺氏菌是一种兼性厌氧的革兰氏阴性杆菌, 属肠杆菌科[1], 主要引起细菌性痢疾, 占全球人腹泻病例的5%至15%[2]。该菌不仅感染人类, 也会感染多种幼龄动物, 严重危害畜牧养殖业[3]。作为水源性和食源性致病菌[4], 经饮水和食物传播是人感染志贺氏菌的主要途径。由于极低的剂量就可感染[5], 我国志贺氏菌感染时有发生, 部分地区的菌群耐药率高, 并具有多重广谱耐药性[6-8], 给志贺氏菌感染的治疗带来难度。被志贺氏菌污染的食物在高温、酸性、真空等环境下依然具有感染性[9]。这意味着普通加热和食品包装无法杜绝志贺氏菌的传播, 对食品安全和人与畜禽的健康造成潜在威胁。
志贺氏菌根据生化反应与血清学试验分为痢疾志贺氏菌(A群)、福氏志贺氏菌(B群)、鲍氏志贺氏菌(C群)和宋内氏志贺氏菌(D群)4个群[10], 我国流行的主要是B群(福氏)和D群(宋内)。侵袭质粒抗原H基因(invasive plasmid antigen H gene, ipaH)是志贺氏菌的毒力基因之一, 在侵袭性大质粒与染色体上都存在, 不随传代而丢失, 且在4个群的细菌中都存在[11], 因此常作为志贺氏菌的检测靶标。
目前基于细菌培养的方法仍然是检测志贺氏菌的金标准, 如现行的GB 4789.5—2012《食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验 志贺氏菌检验》, 但其对志贺氏菌的检测耗时较长, 不能迅速查找传染源, 以及切断志贺氏菌食物中毒的传播途径, 并且需在专业的实验室中进行, 过程复杂, 并有杂菌污染的风险[12]。因此, 建立快速、精准检测志贺氏菌的方法对于防控关口迁移、避免人们发生志贺氏菌食物中毒尤为重要。基于检测病原核酸的分子生物学检测方法相对国标法具有操作简便、检测时间短、特异性高、重复性好、准确度高的优点, 但是需要特定仪器, 成本较高。相比于其他检测方法, 等温扩增技术因具有操作简单、快速、灵敏度高、不需要昂贵的仪器设备(有恒温金属浴或恒温水浴锅即可)等优点成为发展潜力巨大的检测方法, 其中环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification, LAMP)[13]和重组酶聚合酶扩增(recombinase polymerase amplification, RPA)的扩增效率高, 使其具有较高的检测灵敏度, 可以在短时间内检出个位数的细菌拷贝[14]。LAMP反应步骤简单便捷, 其中Bst DNA聚合酶能够在60~65 ℃等温环境下40~60 min完成反应, 大幅度缩短了检测用时[15], 且不需要昂贵的仪器、试剂也相对便宜。但是LAMP容易出现交叉污染和非特异性扩增, 如LAMP内侧引物上游内部引物FIP和下游内部引物BIP易形成引物二聚体[16], 从而造成LAMP检测常出现假阳性结果[17], 从而限制了此技术在临床检测上的应用。成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列及其相关蛋白(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein, CRISPR/Cas)技术可特异性地识别并切割靶DNA, 具有特异性强的优点[18], 将LAMP或RPA[19]和CRISPR/Cas技术相结合则可以避免LAMP或RPA检测过程中出现的非特异性扩增, 大大提升了检测的特异性强和可靠性。
本研究选择保守性的ipaH7作为志贺氏菌的检测靶基因, 将LAMP技术与CRISPR/Cas12b技术相结合, 建立的LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b技术既可兼具LAMP的扩增效率高和CRISPR技术特异性强的优点, 同时可使检测可视化, 为临床上志贺氏菌的检测提供方法依据。
Q5®高保真DNA聚合酶、Bst 3.0 DNA聚合酶、HiScribeTM T7快速高效RNA合成试剂盒(美国NEB公司); RNA纯化与浓缩-5试剂盒(美国Zymo公司); 无核酸酶水(美国Invitrogen公司); 蓝色通用型染料法定量聚合酶链反应(quantitative polymerase chain reaction, qPCR)检测试剂盒(南京诺唯赞生物公司); 2×Es Taq MasterMix (Dye)(江苏康为世纪生物公司); 细菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒(北京天根生物公司); 磷酸盐缓冲液(phosphate buffered saline, PBS)(上海圣尔生物科技有限公司); 胰蛋白酶大豆琼脂(tryptic soybean agar, TSA)细菌培养基(美国BD公司); 菌株来源如表1
新鲜猪肉购买于上海某超市。
ABI 7500型实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)仪(美国ABI公司); T100型PCR仪(美国Biorad公司); DK-8D型电热恒温水槽(上海一恒科技公司); DKT200-2A型恒温金属浴(杭州米欧仪器公司); Stomacher®80 Biomaster 均质器、带滤网的均质袋(英国Seward公司) ; Gel DocTM EZ Imager凝胶成像系统(美国Biorad公司)。
本研究采用水煮法提取菌株基因组。将表1中3株志贺氏菌和8株非志贺氏菌分别接种到TSA等固体培养平板培养24 h, 然后用灭菌的PBS (0.01 mol/L, pH 7.4)冲洗。取1 mL 菌液于1.5 mL离心管中, 10000 g离心5 min, 弃上清, 沉淀的菌体用100 μL无菌水重悬, 100 ℃加热10 min, 再次10000 g离心5 min, 取上清保存于-40 ℃备用。
根据志贺氏菌ipaH7基因(NC_004337.2)的DNA序列, 采用在线软件PrimerExplorerV5 (https://primerexplorer.jp/e/)设计LAMP引物组, 由生工生物股份有限公司合成。以宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株基因组DNA作为模板, 同时以双重蒸馏水(double distilled water, ddH2O)作为空白对照模板, 将引物组加入体系进行LAMP引物组的筛选。LAMP反应体系为: 0.5 μL F3 (10 μmol/L)、0.5 μL B3 (10 μmol/L)、4.0 μL FIP (10 μmol/L)、4.0 μL BIP (10 μmol/L)、2.0 μL MgSO4 (100 mmol/L)、2.5 μL 10×等温扩增缓冲液Ⅱ、3.5 μL dNTPs (10 mmol/L)、1.0 μL Bst 3.0 DNA 聚合酶 (8000 U/mL)、2.0 μL 模板 DNA, 无核酸酶水补至25.0 μL。
反应体系混匀后, 加入20 μL液体石蜡进行封闭, 以防止反应液体蒸发和产物逸散形成气溶胶。反应管置恒温金属浴65 ℃反应40 min, 然后85 ℃孵育5 min使Bst 3.0 DNA聚合酶失活。反应产物采用2%的琼脂糖凝胶进行电泳, 用紫外凝胶成像分析仪分析结果。
特异性分析: 采用菌液煮沸法分别提取表1中各菌株的基因组DNA作为检测的模板, 用ddH2O为空白对照。
灵敏度分析: 将新鲜培养的宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株菌液经10000 g离心3 min, 沉淀的菌体用灭菌0.01 mol/L pH 7.4 PBS重悬, 然后用PBS进行10倍梯度稀释, 使菌液浓度为1.1×108~1.1×100 CFU/mL, 取以上浓度梯度菌液各1 mL采用煮沸法提取基因组DNA, 进行LAMP检测, 以ddH2O作为空白模板对照。
根据筛选出的LAMP扩增片段DNA序列, 采用CRISPOR软件(http://crispor.tefor.net/)设计sgRNA序列。以携带T7启动子和Cas12b DR序列的质粒pUC57-T7- DR[20]为模板, 用PCR扩增T7-DR-sgRNA DNA片段, PCR产物用试剂盒纯化后作为转录的模板。采用HiScribeTM T7 快速高效RNA合成试剂盒在体外37 ℃条件下反应16 h转录得到sgRNA。反应结束后, 再使用RNA纯化与浓缩-5试剂盒对体外转录的产物进行DNA消化和过柱纯化。纯化后的sgRNA测定浓度后进行分装, 置-80 ℃保存备用。
采用LAMP产物作为模板进行CRISPR切割反应以筛选sgRNA。CRISPR反应体系包含2.0 μL 10×AapCas12b 反应缓冲液、0.5 μL AapCas12b 蛋白(2 µmol/L)、50 nmol/L AapCas12b sgRNA、2.0 µL LAMP产物、0.5 µL ssDNA-FQ (标记荧光报告基团的单链DNA, 10 μmol/L), 无核酸酶水补至20.0 μL。在ABI 7500荧光定量PCR仪中60 ℃反应40 min, 每1 min读取一次荧光数值。比较sgRNA到加入体系后的荧光信号强度值, 选择强度值最高的相应的sgRNA用于LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b检测。
筛选出sgRNA后, 尝试建立一步法(即在同一反应体系中加入LAMP扩增和CRISPR/Cas12b系统的试剂), 或二步法(即先LAMP扩增, 然后取LAMP产物进行CRISPR切割)LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b反应体系检测志贺氏菌。对于二步法, 进行CRISPR切割时间的优化, 以缩短总体检测时间。最终建立的检测反应在荧光PCR仪中进行, 根据荧光曲线来判定检测的结果。此外, 检测反应也可以在恒温金属浴或恒温水浴锅中进行, 反应完成后, 将反应管置于手持紫外灯下观察结果, 出现蓝绿色荧光的判为阳性。
以提取的各种食源性致病菌基因组DNA为模板, 无核酸酶水作空白模板对照, 采用本研究建立的LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b二步法反应体系进行特异性检测, 反应在荧光PCR仪中进行, 根据荧光曲线来判定检测的结果。
用灭菌PBS重悬新鲜培养的宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株, 再用PBS 10倍倍比稀释至1.1×104、1.1×103、1.1×102、1.1×101和1.1×100 CFU/mL, 取以上浓度的菌液各1 mL用煮沸法提取基因组DNA, 进行LAMP- CRISPR/Cas12b检测, 以无核酸酶水作空白对照。反应在荧光PCR仪中进行, 根据荧光曲线来判定检测的结果。
LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b与常规PCR和qPCR检测志贺氏菌的灵敏度比较: 根据志贺氏菌ipaH7基因的DNA序列, 采用Premier3 (https://primer3.ut.ee/) 在线软件设计常规PCR引物(ipaH7-F: 5’-AGCGTACTGAGGCGG TAAGA-3’; ipaH7-R: 5’-TCCTAGGTAAAGGGGGCAGT-3’); 采用Primer express 3.0 (Applied Biosystems, USA)软件设计qPCR引物(ipaH7-q-F: 5’-TTCGCGCCATATCAGAGTCA-3’; ipaH7-q-R: 5’-CCGACGATCTGCTTCAGGAA-3’)。引物均由上海生工生物股份有限公司合成。将新鲜培养的宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株用灭菌PBS重悬, 再用PBS 10倍比稀释至1.1×106、1.1×105、1.1×104、1.1×103、1.1×102、1.1×101和1.1×100 CFU/mL, 取以上浓度梯度菌液各1 mL, 采用煮沸法提取基因组DNA作为检测模板, 用2×Taq MasterMix (Dye)进行常规PCR检测; 用ChamQ Universal SYBR qPCR Master Mix进行qPCR检测。
此外,新鲜猪肉采用涂布TSA平板和LAMP-CRISPR/cas12b检测志贺氏菌为阴性。然后在每10 g猪肉(置带滤网的均质袋, Seward)中加入1 mL宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592菌液至1.1×103、1.1×102、1.1×101和1.1×100 CFU/g, 再各加入89 mL TSB, 置Seward拍打器中拍打匀浆; 同时设立无加标的猪肉作为对照。再各取10 mL匀浆滤过液先200 g低速离心5 min除去大的组织块, 上清再10000 g离心5 min, 沉淀用10 μL重悬, 采用煮沸法提取基因组DNA, 用LAMP-CRISPR/cas12b检测各样品中的志贺氏菌。
将新鲜培养的宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592菌液10000 g离心5 min, 沉淀用0.01 mol/L pH 7.4 PBS重悬至本研究建立的LAMP-CRISPR/cas12b方法检出限1.1×101 CFU/mL, 然后分装到5支1.5 mL试管中, 每管1 mL菌液, 采用煮沸法提取基因组DNA。然后采用建立的LAMP-CRISPR/cas12b方法进行检测提取的基因组DNA。同时设立无核酸酶水作为空白对照。此重复性实验在不同的日期进行3次。
本研究采用Graphad Prism version 9.0.0进行荧光曲线作图; 图像处理采用Windows 10中的画图软件; 文中的表格制作采用Office 2016绘制。
选择宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株基因组作为阳性模板, 无核酸酶水作为空白模板对照, 进行LAMP引物筛选, 扩增结果见图1。结果可见, 以志贺氏菌基因组DNA为模板, 采用ipaH7-1~ipaH7-6引物组进行LAMP扩增时均出现梯状条带, 而以无核酸酶水为模板时ipaH7-2~ ipaH7-6引物组扩增时均无梯状条带。其中, ipaH7-3引物组扩增的梯状条带明显且引物二聚体较少。因此, 选择ipaH7-3 (F3: GGTTACCGGAAGAACAGC, B3: TTTTCAG GTAAATCAGTAAGGAT, FIP: AGGTCCAGTTTATGCCCC TTTACTGAGGCGGTAAGAAGAC, BIP: CGCTTTCCTCG CTACCTGTAGGTTAATTTATTACAGCTCACATCA)作为LAMP检测引物。
根据LAMP扩增的DNA片段序列设计7条sgRNA, 先用PCR扩增获得相应DNA片段后, 进行体外转录并对产物进行纯化, 测定RNA的量后加入CRISPR切割体系中, 测定sgRNA能否识别靶DNA序列并激发Cas12b的侧链切割活性。结果表明, 加入sgRNA-5的反应管出现荧光, 而加入其余sgRNA的反应管未出现明显的荧光(图2)。因此, 本研究选择sgRNA-5 (GUCUAGAGGACAGAAUUUU UCAACGGGUGUGCCAAUGGCCACUUUCCAGGUGGCAAAGCCCGUUGAACUUCAAGCGAAGUGGCACUAAUGCAAGCAGGGAGUACAGGU)进行下一步的实验。
以宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株基因组DNA为模板, 在同一反应体系中加入LAMP扩增和CRISPR/Cas12b切割的试剂进行一步法反应。结果表明, 加入志贺氏菌基因组DNA与无核酸酶水的反应管荧光强度值接近, 未出现荧光强度值升高的曲线。而且, 调整反应体系中的AapCas12b、sgRNA和ssDNA-FQ浓度后, 还是如此, 可见本研究筛选出来的sgRNA-5不能用于目前的一步法反应体系。此外, 多组LAMP引物与sgRNA, 均未能成功建立一步法检测反应体系, 这可能与本研究所采用的LAMP扩增体系和CRISPR/Cas12b切割体系不兼容, 如LAMP反应缓冲液等不能同时满足这两个反应体系等因素导致。最终, 本研究选择两步检测法。
分别以志贺氏菌基因组DNA和无核酸酶水为模板, 先进行LAMP扩增后, 再取2 µL LAMP产物进行CRISPR/Cas12b切割反应。结果表明, 以志贺氏菌基因组DNA为模板时, 最终反应管出现较高的荧光强度曲线, 反应管置紫外灯下也出现明显的蓝绿色荧光; 而以无核酸酶水为模板时, 未出现明显升高的荧光强度曲线, 将反应管置紫外灯下也未出现明显的蓝绿色荧光。这表明, LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b二步法可以检测志贺氏菌。此外, 当以LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b二步法检测1×102 CFU/mL志贺氏菌提取的基因组DNA时, 第二步CRISPR/Cas12b反应时间在10 min或15 min时, 在紫外灯下可观察到反应管内的荧光明显亮于反应5 min时的反应产物(图3)。这说明CRISPR/Cas12b反应只需要10~15 min即可完成, 从而使整个检测流程的总时间控制在1 h以内。
分别以不同细菌的基因组DNA和无核酸酶水为模板, 分别在荧光定量PCR仪和恒温金属浴中进行LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b检测。结果表明, 检测在荧光定量PCR仪中进行(图4A), 或先在恒温金属浴中完成反应, 再在紫外灯下观察结果(图4B), 得到的结果一致。以3种志贺氏菌基因组DNA为模板时, LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b反应出现荧光曲线, 而以其他7种细菌的基因组DNA和无核酸酶水为模板时, LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b反应产物无荧光信号。
以10倍倍比稀释的宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株基因组DNA为模板, 进行LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b检测。结果表明, 以志贺氏菌菌液浓度为1.1×104~1.1×101 CFU/mL提取的基因组DNA作为检测模板时, LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b反应过程中出现了较高的荧光曲线, 而以1.1×100 CFU/mL志贺氏菌的基因组DNA和无核酸酶水为模板检测时, 反应体系中均未出现明显的荧光(图5A5B)。而且, 本研究建立的LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b检测志贺氏菌的方法, 在荧光定量PCR仪中检测(图5A)和在恒温金属浴中反应后, 再在紫外灯下观察(图5B), 两种方法的检测灵敏度均为1.1×101 CFU/mL。
以10倍连续倍比稀释的宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B) 51592株基因组DNA为模板, 进行常规PCR检测时, 反应结束后, 用凝胶电泳对PCR产物进行分析。当菌液浓度在1.1×103 CFU/mL及以下时, 反应产物无可见扩增条带(图6A)。由此可知PCR检出限为1.1×104 CFU/mL。分别以1.1×100~1.1×105 CFU/mL的宋内志贺氏菌CMCC(B)51592株基因组DNA为模板, 进行qPCR检测。当菌液浓度在1.1×101 CFU/mL时, 有一管无荧光, 另一管检测的循环数值大于36(图6B), 故荧光定量PCR检测志贺氏菌的灵敏度1.1×102 CFU/mL。可见本研究建立的LAMP- CRISPR/Cas12b检测方法的灵敏度比常规PCR方法高1000倍, 比荧光定量PCR方法高10倍。
本研究进一步测定了LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b二步法对模拟样品, 即猪肉加标志贺氏菌的检测灵敏度, 结果表明其检出限为1.1×101 CFU/g (图7)。
在3个不同的时间点采用LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b两步法检测细菌浓度为检出限(1.1×101 CFU/mL)的志贺氏菌菌液提取的基因组DNA, 结果表明3个时间点检测的5管重复菌液样品均检测为阳性(图8), 表明本研究建立的检测方法具有较好的重复性。
高灵敏度检测志贺氏菌一直是科研人员努力的方向。许龙岩等[21]比较了常规PCR、实时定量PCR和微滴式数字PCR的检测灵敏度, 结果表明实时定量PCR和微滴式数字PCR分别比常规PCR高100倍和1000倍。HE等[22]针对4种志贺氏菌建立的多重qPCR, 检测模拟样品时, 最低可以检出人为添加10 CFU志贺氏菌的样本。这些方法依然需要PCR仪等昂贵仪器。HERNÁNDEZ等[23]采用电化学检测志贺氏菌, 理论上的敏感性可以达到1×10-1 CFU/mL, 但是操作复杂, 需要专门的化学实验室和专业技术人员。LIU等[24]研发了H和P扩增-新型压电石英晶体(HPA-SPQC)传感器, 对志贺氏菌的检出限可到达1 CFU/mL, 但检测时间需要2 h, 且成本较高, 从而限制其临床应用。
高灵敏度的等温扩增方法, 不需要昂贵的仪器, 且适用于现场检测, 被视为是PCR等经典检测方法的替代技术。CHU等[25]建立的滚环扩增(rolling circle amplification, RCA), 针对志贺氏菌的检测灵敏度达到了101 CFU/mL。BIAN等[26]建立的RPA-LFD方法检出限为1.46×103 CFU/mL, 而XU等[27]建立的RPA-CRISPR-LFD方法检出限达到了5.6×102 CFU/mL, 提示结合CRISPR可能会提高检测的灵敏度。LAMP也因其高灵敏度及所需试剂成本较低等已被广泛应用于志贺氏菌的检测[28-30]。基于LAMP的快速诊断测试(rapid LAMP based diagnostic test, RLDT)通过在体系中加入染料来使LAMP体系可视化, 其对志贺氏菌检测的灵敏度为6×103~104 CFU/g粪便[31-32]。SHI等[33]建立了一种针对志贺氏菌的比色LAMP测定法, 比常规PCR检测灵敏100倍。如果LAMP扩增和CRIPSR切割在一个反应体系中, 一步法就可完成反应, 则可以简化操作步骤, 且减少了其他因素(如环境中气溶胶)对检测结果的干扰。然而, 本研究通过优化反应体系, 最终还是没有建立起一步法检测志贺氏菌的体系。本研究建立的二步法LAMP-CRIPSR/Cas12b可视化检测志贺氏菌的方法, 虽然特异性好, 且灵敏度比常规PCR和qPCR分别高1000倍和10倍, 检测可在恒温金属浴或恒温水浴锅中完成, 用手持式紫外灯即可观察结果, 可用于现场检测, 但两步法检测存在的劣势是中途开盖可能导致LAMP产物的气溶胶扩散, 使后续检测出现假阳性结果。这个问题可以参考一管式LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12a方法[34]进行改进, 即使用液体石蜡使两步体系分离, 在LAMP反应结束后再通过离心或倒置进行第二步CRISPR反应。
本研究将LAMP和CRISPR/Cas12b相结合, 建立的LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b二步检测方法, 特异性好, 其灵敏度比常规PCR检测方法高1000倍, 比qPCR方法高10倍; 而且反应不需要荧光定量PCR仪或PCR仪等昂贵的仪器, 整个检测反应可在1 h内完成, 大幅提升了检测的便捷性, 具有特异性好, 灵敏度高、快速和检测结果可视化等优点, 为食品中志贺氏菌污染的检测提供了一种新的技术选项。
  • 上海市科技创新项目(21N31900900)
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250306004
  • 接收时间:2025-03-06
  • 首发时间:2026-01-13
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-06
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上海市科技创新项目(21N31900900)
作者信息
    1 安徽农业大学动物医学院, 合肥 230026
    2 中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所, 上海 200241

通讯作者:

* 刘雪兰(1973—), 女, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为兽医微生物学。E-mail: ;
胡青海(1971—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为病原细菌学。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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