Article(id=1217779723753673384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217779717386715826, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250331006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1743350400000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-31, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768270911396, onlineDateStr=2026-01-13, pubDate=1750780800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768270911396, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768270911396, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768270911396, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1217779717386715826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768270909877, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768299620707, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1217900139386163208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217779717386715826, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1217900139386163209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217779717386715826, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=133, endPage=139, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1217779724131160760, articleId=1217779723753673384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Determination of 6 kinds of quinolones and doxycycline residues in prepared dishes by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, columnId=1217529311867883548, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Highlight: Analysis and Monitoring of Toxic and Harmful Substances in Food, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of quinolones antibiotics (enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin) and doxycycline residues in prepared dishes by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Methods The 84% acetonitrile aqueous solution (1% ice acetic acid) was used as extraction solution, Oasis Prime-HLB solid phase extraction column was used to purify and concentrate, all the eluents were collected, nitrogen-blown to nearly dry, and 1 mL of complex solution 10% methanol aqueous solution (containing 1% ice acetic acid) was added to vortex dissolve, and 0.22 μm microporous filter membrane was taken as supernatant. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC TM BEH C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) was separated, methanol and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution were used as mobile phase, ionization mode was spray positive ion mode, and the analysis was performed by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry using multiple reaction detection mode. Results The linear correlation of the 7 kinds of antibiotics was good (r>0.9990). The limits of detection were 0.03-0.24 μg/kg and the limits of quantitatation were 0.09-0.72 μg/kg. The recoveries were 84.5%-114.0% and the relative standard deviations were 1.1%-4.1%. Conclusion The method established in this study is convenient, rapid, accurate and stable, and can be used for quantitative analysis of 6 kinds of quinolone veterinary drug residues and doxycycline residues in prepared dishes.

, correspAuthors=Jun-Hong LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiu-Rong QIAN, Meng-Yuan XU, Fei-Yun SHI, Jun-Jun WANG, Zhi-Yong CHEN, Jun-Hong LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1217779724877746917, articleId=1217779723753673384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定预制菜中6种喹诺酮类抗生素和强力霉素残留量, columnId=1217529312056627244, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=本期重点:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定预制菜中喹诺酮类抗生素(恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、洛美沙星)和强力霉素残留量。方法 使用84%乙腈水溶液(1%冰乙酸)为提取溶液, 以Oasis Prime-HLB固相萃取柱净化富集, 收集全部流出液, 氮吹近干, 加入1 mL复溶液10%甲醇水溶液(含1%冰乙酸)涡旋溶解, 取上清过0.22 μm微孔滤膜, 经Waters ACQUITY UPLC TM BEH C18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)分离, 以甲醇和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相, 电离方式为喷雾正离子模式, 采用多反应监测模式通过高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪进行分析。结果 7种抗生素在考察浓度范围内线性关系良好(r>0.9990), 方法检出限为0.03~0.24 μg/kg, 定量限为0.09~0.72 μg/kg, 加标回收率为84.5%~114.0%, 相对标准偏差为1.1%~4.1%。结论 本研究所建立的方法方便快捷、准确度高、稳定性好, 能够对预制菜中6种喹诺酮类兽药残留及强力霉素残留进行定量分析。

, correspAuthors=黎俊宏, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*黎俊宏(1982—), 男, 硕士, 副主任技师, 主要研究方向为卫生检验及管理。E-mail:
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钱秀荣(1990—), 女, 硕士, 实验师, 主要研究方向为卫生检验。E-mail:

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钱秀荣(1990—), 女, 硕士, 实验师, 主要研究方向为卫生检验。E-mail:

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Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene, 2024, 36(5): 541-549., articleTitle=Quantitative detection of enrofloxacin in chicken and pork by magnetic solid phase extraction and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217833941524992742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=10, issue=10, pageStart=2918, pageEnd=2928, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=56, authorNames=李妍, 闫蕊, 王孝研, journalName=食品安全质量检测学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李妍, 闫蕊, 王孝研, 等. 动物源性食品中氟喹诺酮类抗生素残留检测方法的研究进展[J]. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2019, 10(10): 2918-2928., articleTitle=动物源性食品中氟喹诺酮类抗生素残留检测方法的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217833941722125037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=10, issue=10, pageStart=2918, pageEnd=2928, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=57, authorNames=LI Y, YAN R, WANG XY, journalName=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Y, YAN R, WANG XY, et al. Research advances on detection of fluoroquinolones residues in animal-derived products[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2019, 10(10): 2918-2928., articleTitle=Research advances on detection of fluoroquinolones residues in animal-derived products, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217833941860537079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=58, authorNames=魏瑞成, journalName=兽药强力霉素(Doxycycline)的环境污染及安全性评价研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=魏瑞成. 兽药强力霉素(Doxycycline)的环境污染及安全性评价研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217833942066057983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=59, authorNames=WEI RC, journalName=The environmental contamination and safety evaluation of veterinary drug doxycycline, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WEI RC. The environmental contamination and safety evaluation of veterinary drug doxycycline[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1217833928338100386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, awardId=QN202463, language=CN, fundingSource=2024年常州市卫健委青年人才科技项目(QN202463), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217833928514261172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=江苏省第六期“333高层次人才培养工程”第三层次培养对象项目[(2022)3-4-163], fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217833928631701697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, awardId=2022CZBJ099, language=CN, fundingSource=常州市“十四五”卫生健康高层次人才培养工程-拔尖人才项目(2022CZBJ099), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217833928778502351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, awardId=CJ20242056, language=CN, fundingSource=常州市科技计划资助项目(CJ20242056), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217833928925303005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, awardId=CPHN202302, language=CN, fundingSource=南京医科大学常州公共卫生高等研究院开放课题基金项目(CPHN202302), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217833920125653649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217833920134042259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, companyId=1217833920125653649, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou 213001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217833920146625173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, companyId=1217833920125653649, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213001)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1217833924999435245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Peak chromatograms of 7 kinds of antibiotics, figureFileSmall=pmUHvpEigkqxYoM6KB5KsA==, figureFileBig=3b4FPbQXvpLe0G+FwoXWAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217833925121070073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=CN, label=图1, caption=7种抗生素的峰型图, figureFileSmall=pmUHvpEigkqxYoM6KB5KsA==, figureFileBig=3b4FPbQXvpLe0G+FwoXWAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217833925230120963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Mass spectrometry parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
物质 质荷比(m/z) Q1Pre
偏差/V
CE Q3Pre
偏差/V
母离子 子离子
恩诺沙星 360.3 316.4 18 21 20
342.2* 11 24 23
恩诺沙星-d5 365.1 245.2* 26 28 26
环丙沙星 332.2 314.15* 15 18 21
231.05 13 37 24
环丙沙星-d8 340.1 235.3* 12 36 23
诺氟沙星 320.3 302.2 16 21 19
276.3* 15 18 30
诺氟沙星-d5 325.1 307.2* 16 19 20
培氟沙星 334.3 290.3* 11 16 21
233.2 23 25 25
培氟沙星-d5 339.1 295.3 17 20 20
238.3* 16 27 25
氧氟沙星 362.2 318.3* 18 20 24
261.2 27 30 16
氧氟沙星-d3 365.3 261.2* 20 30 26
洛美沙星 352.3 265.0 12 24 30
308.3* 10 18 20
洛美沙星-d5 357.1 270.2* 10 24 27
313.0 10 18 22
强力霉素 445.0 428.0* 21 21 14
154.0 21 32 15
强力霉素-d3 448.1 431.2* 12 18 29
), ArticleFig(id=1217833925406281741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

质谱参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
物质 质荷比(m/z) Q1Pre
偏差/V
CE Q3Pre
偏差/V
母离子 子离子
恩诺沙星 360.3 316.4 18 21 20
342.2* 11 24 23
恩诺沙星-d5 365.1 245.2* 26 28 26
环丙沙星 332.2 314.15* 15 18 21
231.05 13 37 24
环丙沙星-d8 340.1 235.3* 12 36 23
诺氟沙星 320.3 302.2 16 21 19
276.3* 15 18 30
诺氟沙星-d5 325.1 307.2* 16 19 20
培氟沙星 334.3 290.3* 11 16 21
233.2 23 25 25
培氟沙星-d5 339.1 295.3 17 20 20
238.3* 16 27 25
氧氟沙星 362.2 318.3* 18 20 24
261.2 27 30 16
氧氟沙星-d3 365.3 261.2* 20 30 26
洛美沙星 352.3 265.0 12 24 30
308.3* 10 18 20
洛美沙星-d5 357.1 270.2* 10 24 27
313.0 10 18 22
强力霉素 445.0 428.0* 21 21 14
154.0 21 32 15
强力霉素-d3 448.1 431.2* 12 18 29
), ArticleFig(id=1217833925557276692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Determination results of the MEs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 效应方程 MEs/%
溶剂曲线 相关系数(r) 基质曲线 相关系数(r)
恩诺沙星 Y=103139X+86662.8 0.9993 Y=117591X-315614 0.9990 14.0
环丙沙星 Y=164684X+79592.2 0.9993 Y=199588X-370695 0.9991 21.2
氧氟沙星 Y=172414X+542887 0.9990 Y=279470X-415549 0.9990 62.1
诺氟沙星 Y=198525X+102995 0.9993 Y=183763X-382483 0.9994 7.40
洛美沙星 Y=173327X+121703 0.9995 Y=278481X-475270 0.9993 60.7
培氟沙星 Y=61722.0X+116026 0.9990 Y=68359.0X-187643 0.9991 10.8
强力霉素 Y=129401X-153628 0.9998 Y=168429X-598974 0.9992 30.2
), ArticleFig(id=1217833925662134301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

MEs测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 效应方程 MEs/%
溶剂曲线 相关系数(r) 基质曲线 相关系数(r)
恩诺沙星 Y=103139X+86662.8 0.9993 Y=117591X-315614 0.9990 14.0
环丙沙星 Y=164684X+79592.2 0.9993 Y=199588X-370695 0.9991 21.2
氧氟沙星 Y=172414X+542887 0.9990 Y=279470X-415549 0.9990 62.1
诺氟沙星 Y=198525X+102995 0.9993 Y=183763X-382483 0.9994 7.40
洛美沙星 Y=173327X+121703 0.9995 Y=278481X-475270 0.9993 60.7
培氟沙星 Y=61722.0X+116026 0.9990 Y=68359.0X-187643 0.9991 10.8
强力霉素 Y=129401X-153628 0.9998 Y=168429X-598974 0.9992 30.2
), ArticleFig(id=1217833925771186217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Linear parameters, limits of detection and limits of quantitation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 项目 线性回归方程 相关系数(r) 检出限/(μg/kg) 定量限/(μg/kg)
HPLC-MS/MS
恩诺沙星 Y=0.09616X-0.03145 0.9999 0.03 0.09
环丙沙星 Y=0.18906X-0.12073 0.9995 0.24 0.72
氧氟沙星 Y=0.24435X-0.18222 0.9998 0.05 0.15
诺氟沙星 Y=0.10197X-0.11161 0.9998 0.06 0.18
洛美沙星 Y=0.09838X-0.06324 0.9999 0.05 0.15
培氟沙星 Y=0.06035X-0.01673 0.9990 0.06 0.18
强力霉素 Y=0.24216X-0.03324 0.9990 0.16 0.48
), ArticleFig(id=1217833925880238129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

线性参数、检出限和定量限

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 项目 线性回归方程 相关系数(r) 检出限/(μg/kg) 定量限/(μg/kg)
HPLC-MS/MS
恩诺沙星 Y=0.09616X-0.03145 0.9999 0.03 0.09
环丙沙星 Y=0.18906X-0.12073 0.9995 0.24 0.72
氧氟沙星 Y=0.24435X-0.18222 0.9998 0.05 0.15
诺氟沙星 Y=0.10197X-0.11161 0.9998 0.06 0.18
洛美沙星 Y=0.09838X-0.06324 0.9999 0.05 0.15
培氟沙星 Y=0.06035X-0.01673 0.9990 0.06 0.18
强力霉素 Y=0.24216X-0.03324 0.9990 0.16 0.48
), ArticleFig(id=1217833927193055293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Results of recovery test of the fotiaoqiang two with golden broth

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 项目
加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSDs/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSDs/% 加标量/(μg/kg) 回收率/% RSDs/%
HPLC-MS/MS 恩诺沙星 4 85.3 3.9 20 88.8 3.1 100 89.2 2.6
环丙沙星 4 89.0 2.6 20 89.0 2.2 100 90.7 3.1
氧氟沙星 4 87.3 3.4 20 90.0 2.4 100 89.1 2.9
诺氟沙星 4 103.5 1.5 20 98.0 1.1 100 94.8 2.3
洛美沙星 4 87.0 2.7 20 88.9 3.1 100 92.0 2.3
培氟沙星 4 85.0 2.9 20 87.9 2.1 100 84.5 3.0
强力霉素 4 107.2 4.1 20 104.3 1.9 100 105.6 2.6
), ArticleFig(id=1217833927289524297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

金汤佛跳墙2加标回收试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 项目
加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSDs/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSDs/% 加标量/(μg/kg) 回收率/% RSDs/%
HPLC-MS/MS 恩诺沙星 4 85.3 3.9 20 88.8 3.1 100 89.2 2.6
环丙沙星 4 89.0 2.6 20 89.0 2.2 100 90.7 3.1
氧氟沙星 4 87.3 3.4 20 90.0 2.4 100 89.1 2.9
诺氟沙星 4 103.5 1.5 20 98.0 1.1 100 94.8 2.3
洛美沙星 4 87.0 2.7 20 88.9 3.1 100 92.0 2.3
培氟沙星 4 85.0 2.9 20 87.9 2.1 100 84.5 3.0
强力霉素 4 107.2 4.1 20 104.3 1.9 100 105.6 2.6
), ArticleFig(id=1217833927394381909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Results of recovery test of the steamed pork belly with preserved mustard greens

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 项目
加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD /%
HPLC-MS/MS 恩诺沙星 4 90.5 2.4 20 89.3 2.3 100 88.3 2.8
环丙沙星 4 88.3 1.6 20 86.6 3.1 100 87.0 1.4
氧氟沙星 4 86.5 3.3 20 89.7 1.7 100 89.1 2.6
诺氟沙星 4 93.5 2.8 20 92.1 1.2 100 105.8 1.6
洛美沙星 4 88.8 1.5 20 89.9 2.4 100 90.1 2.9
培氟沙星 4 86.3 2.5 20 90.6 1.9 100 85.3 2.1
强力霉素 4 114.0 1.2 20 105.1 2.6 100 112.4 1.5
), ArticleFig(id=1217833927524405343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

梅干菜扣肉加标回收试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 项目
加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD /%
HPLC-MS/MS 恩诺沙星 4 90.5 2.4 20 89.3 2.3 100 88.3 2.8
环丙沙星 4 88.3 1.6 20 86.6 3.1 100 87.0 1.4
氧氟沙星 4 86.5 3.3 20 89.7 1.7 100 89.1 2.6
诺氟沙星 4 93.5 2.8 20 92.1 1.2 100 105.8 1.6
洛美沙星 4 88.8 1.5 20 89.9 2.4 100 90.1 2.9
培氟沙星 4 86.3 2.5 20 90.6 1.9 100 85.3 2.1
强力霉素 4 114.0 1.2 20 105.1 2.6 100 112.4 1.5
), ArticleFig(id=1217833927687983212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Results of recovery test of the sour pickled vegetable fish

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 项目
加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/%
HPLC-MS/MS 恩诺沙星 4 88.3 2.8 20 91.1 3 100 88.6 1.7
环丙沙星 4 87.0 1.4 20 88.5 2.5 100 86.8 2.1
氧氟沙星 4 89.1 2.6 20 89.8 1.6 100 91.5 1.6
诺氟沙星 4 105.8 1.6 20 103.8 3.4 100 86.7 3.5
洛美沙星 4 90.1 2.9 20 88.0 1.2 100 93.8 2.2
培氟沙星 4 85.3 2.1 20 92.0 1.5 100 89.3 1.9
强力霉素 4 112.5 1.5 20 95.6 2.9 100 109.3 2.4
), ArticleFig(id=1217833927838978171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

酸菜鱼加标回收试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 项目
加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/% 加标量
/(μg/kg)
回收率/% RSD/%
HPLC-MS/MS 恩诺沙星 4 88.3 2.8 20 91.1 3 100 88.6 1.7
环丙沙星 4 87.0 1.4 20 88.5 2.5 100 86.8 2.1
氧氟沙星 4 89.1 2.6 20 89.8 1.6 100 91.5 1.6
诺氟沙星 4 105.8 1.6 20 103.8 3.4 100 86.7 3.5
洛美沙星 4 90.1 2.9 20 88.0 1.2 100 93.8 2.2
培氟沙星 4 85.3 2.1 20 92.0 1.5 100 89.3 1.9
强力霉素 4 112.5 1.5 20 95.6 2.9 100 109.3 2.4
), ArticleFig(id=1217833927977390213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Results of samples test (μg/kg)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品名称 恩诺沙星 环丙沙星 诺氟沙星 氧氟沙星 培氟沙星 洛美沙星 强力霉素
狮子头 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
金汤佛跳墙1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
粮觅腌笃鲜 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
梅干菜扣肉 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
土豆烧牛肉 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
胡椒猪肚鸡 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
鱼香肉丝 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
河豚鱼 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
酸菜鱼 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
酸辣柠檬拆骨凤爪 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 80.95
红烧肥肠 2.87 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
狮子头 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 3.60
扎肝 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
金汤佛跳墙2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1217833928124190865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217779723753673384, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

样品检测结果(μg/kg)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品名称 恩诺沙星 环丙沙星 诺氟沙星 氧氟沙星 培氟沙星 洛美沙星 强力霉素
狮子头 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
金汤佛跳墙1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
粮觅腌笃鲜 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
梅干菜扣肉 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
土豆烧牛肉 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
胡椒猪肚鸡 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
鱼香肉丝 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
河豚鱼 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
酸菜鱼 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
酸辣柠檬拆骨凤爪 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 80.95
红烧肥肠 2.87 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
狮子头 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 3.60
扎肝 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
金汤佛跳墙2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
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高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定预制菜中6种喹诺酮类抗生素和强力霉素残留量
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钱秀荣 , 徐梦媛 , 石飞云 , 王君君 , 陈志永 , 黎俊宏 *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期重点:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测 2025,16(12): 133-139
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期重点:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测 2025, 16(12): 133-139
高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定预制菜中6种喹诺酮类抗生素和强力霉素残留量
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钱秀荣 , 徐梦媛, 石飞云, 王君君, 陈志永, 黎俊宏*
作者信息
  • 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213001
  • 钱秀荣(1990—), 女, 硕士, 实验师, 主要研究方向为卫生检验。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*黎俊宏(1982—), 男, 硕士, 副主任技师, 主要研究方向为卫生检验及管理。E-mail:
Determination of 6 kinds of quinolones and doxycycline residues in prepared dishes by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Xiu-Rong QIAN , Meng-Yuan XU, Fei-Yun SHI, Jun-Jun WANG, Zhi-Yong CHEN, Jun-Hong LI*
Affiliations
  • Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou 213001, China
出版时间: 2025-06-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250331006
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目的 建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定预制菜中喹诺酮类抗生素(恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、洛美沙星)和强力霉素残留量。方法 使用84%乙腈水溶液(1%冰乙酸)为提取溶液, 以Oasis Prime-HLB固相萃取柱净化富集, 收集全部流出液, 氮吹近干, 加入1 mL复溶液10%甲醇水溶液(含1%冰乙酸)涡旋溶解, 取上清过0.22 μm微孔滤膜, 经Waters ACQUITY UPLC TM BEH C18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)分离, 以甲醇和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相, 电离方式为喷雾正离子模式, 采用多反应监测模式通过高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪进行分析。结果 7种抗生素在考察浓度范围内线性关系良好(r>0.9990), 方法检出限为0.03~0.24 μg/kg, 定量限为0.09~0.72 μg/kg, 加标回收率为84.5%~114.0%, 相对标准偏差为1.1%~4.1%。结论 本研究所建立的方法方便快捷、准确度高、稳定性好, 能够对预制菜中6种喹诺酮类兽药残留及强力霉素残留进行定量分析。

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法  /  预制菜  /  抗生素  /  喹诺酮类  /  强力霉素

Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of quinolones antibiotics (enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin) and doxycycline residues in prepared dishes by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Methods The 84% acetonitrile aqueous solution (1% ice acetic acid) was used as extraction solution, Oasis Prime-HLB solid phase extraction column was used to purify and concentrate, all the eluents were collected, nitrogen-blown to nearly dry, and 1 mL of complex solution 10% methanol aqueous solution (containing 1% ice acetic acid) was added to vortex dissolve, and 0.22 μm microporous filter membrane was taken as supernatant. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC TM BEH C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) was separated, methanol and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution were used as mobile phase, ionization mode was spray positive ion mode, and the analysis was performed by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry using multiple reaction detection mode. Results The linear correlation of the 7 kinds of antibiotics was good (r>0.9990). The limits of detection were 0.03-0.24 μg/kg and the limits of quantitatation were 0.09-0.72 μg/kg. The recoveries were 84.5%-114.0% and the relative standard deviations were 1.1%-4.1%. Conclusion The method established in this study is convenient, rapid, accurate and stable, and can be used for quantitative analysis of 6 kinds of quinolone veterinary drug residues and doxycycline residues in prepared dishes.

high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry  /  prepared dishes  /  antibiotics  /  quinolones  /  doxycycline
钱秀荣, 徐梦媛, 石飞云, 王君君, 陈志永, 黎俊宏. 高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定预制菜中6种喹诺酮类抗生素和强力霉素残留量. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (12) : 133 -139 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250331006
Xiu-Rong QIAN, Meng-Yuan XU, Fei-Yun SHI, Jun-Jun WANG, Zhi-Yong CHEN, Jun-Hong LI. Determination of 6 kinds of quinolones and doxycycline residues in prepared dishes by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (12) : 133 -139 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250331006
预制菜是以一种或多种农产品为主要原料, 运用标准化流水作业, 通过预加工(分切、搅拌、腌制、滚揉成型等)和/或预烹调(炒、炸、烤、煮、蒸等)制成, 并进行预包装的成品或者半成品菜肴[1-2]。预制菜按原料可分成肉类、水产类、蔬菜菌菇类、面点类等, 预制菜因成本比较低, 而且能满足居家或办公用餐等需求, 所以比较受欢迎, 而肉类菜肴加工相对复杂, 其在预制菜市场中更占据着重要地位[3-4]。因此越来越多的人关注到肉类预制菜的食品安全风险。而肉类预制菜中的抗生素问题也日渐显著, 而长期摄入抗生素超标的预制菜可能会对人体造成严重影响[5-7]
肉类食品中可能存在的抗生素主要包括β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、四环素类、喹诺酮类、氯霉素类、磺胺类、硝基呋喃类、大环内酯类等[8-9]。这些抗生素在畜禽养殖过程中被广泛使用, 主要是为了预防和控制疾病, 以及保障食品安全和人体健康。其中喹诺酮类抗生素是一类人工合成的广谱性抗菌类抗生素, 不仅吸收效果好, 而且毒性较低[10-11]; 四环素类除了有广谱的抗菌作用, 还有改善饲料利用率的作用, 它在畜牧业中常被用作饲料添加剂以促进动物生长, 缩短饲养周期[12-13], 这两类抗生素在各种禽类动物的应用上十分广泛。抗生素的过量添加不但使动物产生耐药性[14-15], 而且会在肉、蛋、奶等动物源性食品中残留, 对人体健康造成潜在危害[16]
动物源性食品中抗生素的检测主要有高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)和高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS/MS), HPLC-MS/MS基于的高灵敏度和分析速度快等优势, 成为抗生素残留的首选方法[17]。固相萃取技术(solid phase extraction, SPE)是最实用的样品前处理方法, 该方法有机溶剂消耗低, 易实现自动化或与其他仪器联用, 广泛应用于基质复杂的食品分析领域, 可适用于大批量样品筛查分析。基于喹诺酮类抗生素和四环类抗生素运用比较广泛, 近年来关于两种抗生素同时检测的研究并不多, 而且大部分研究主要集中在基质比较简单的单品种样品(如蔬菜、鸡蛋、肉类等[18-21])检测中, 对于基质比较复杂的预制菜中抗生素的研究较少, 为了满足饮食多样化需要, 本研究建立了一种预制菜中同时检测6种喹诺酮类抗生素和1种四环素类抗生素的方法, 优化了前处理过程, 为预制菜的兽药残留的监管提供解决思路和数据支撑。
乙腈、甲醇、甲酸(色谱纯, 德国默克Merck公司); 冰乙酸(分析纯, 国药集团化学试剂有限公司); 喹诺酮标准品、强力霉素标准品、同位素内标标准品恩诺沙星-d5、环丙沙星-d8、氧氟沙星-d3、培氟沙星-d5(质量浓度100 mg/L), 洛美沙星-d5(质量浓度5 mg/L), 强力霉素-d3(质量浓度1 mg/L)(上海安谱璀世标准技术服务有限公司)。
样品: 选择江苏省常州市4个区中不同的超市进行采样, 每个区确定3个超市, 每种样品从3个超市分别采样1份, 共采集14种不同的预制菜, 将采集的样品送至检验科进行检测。检验科收到样品后, 将采集的样品(3份)用搅碎机搅碎、混匀, 根据要求进行取样, 相同样品取样两次做平行, 取样后每份样品中加入50 μL混合内标使用液。
LCMS-8060高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱仪(日本岛津公司); AG245梅特勒-托利多电子天平(精度0.001 g, 上海梅特勒-托利多公司); Raykal-AutoEVA 60全自动氮吹仪(中国睿科有限公司); Milli-Q IQ 7000超纯水系统(美国密理博公司); KUDOS超声仪(上海科导超声仪器有限公司); Eppendorf-Centrifuge 5804R冷冻离心机(德国Eppendorf公司); Oasis Prime-HLB固相萃取柱、Waters ACQUITY UPLC TM BEH C18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm, 美国Waters公司)。
准确称取样品2.500 g(精确至0.001 g)于50 mL离心管中, 准确加入125 μL混合内标使用液(200 ng/mL), 10 mL 84%乙腈水溶液(1%冰乙酸), 立即混匀, 涡旋1 min, 超声15 min, 1000 r/min离心10 min(低于4 ℃), 取上清液待净化。取5 mL上清液, 以1~2 mL/min的流速通过固相萃取柱[Oasis Prime HLB 200 mg, 3 mL, 经84%乙腈水溶液(1%冰乙酸)活化并抽干], 收集全部流出液, 吸取4 mL于40 ℃氮吹干, 加入1 mL复溶液10%甲醇水溶液(含1%冰乙酸)涡旋溶解, 转移至1.5 mL离心管中, 15000 r/min离心5 min(低于4 ℃), 取上清液过0.22 μm滤膜后上机测定。
混合标准工作液: 将各标准溶液用15%甲醇水溶液(含1%冰乙酸)稀释配制成1 μL/mL的混合标准工作液。内标标准工作液: 将内标用甲醇稀释配制成0.5 μg/mL的混合内标工作液。分别吸取混合标准工作液10、20、50、100、200、500、1000 μL和混合内标工作液200 μL, 用10%甲醇水溶液(含1%冰乙酸)定容至1 mL, 配制成1、2、5、10、20、50、100 ng/mL混合标准系列。
选用Waters ACQUITY UPLC TM BEH C18柱(100 mm× 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm); 流量0.3 mL/min; 进样量1 μL; 柱温箱40 ℃; 流动相A为甲醇溶液, B为0.1%甲酸水溶液, 梯度洗脱。梯度洗脱程序: 0~4.5 min, B为85%; 4.5~7.0 min, B为60%; 7.0~7.1 min, B为10%; 7.1~9.1 min, B为1%; 9.1~12 min, B为85%。离子源: 电喷雾离子源, 扫描模式: 正离子模式; 碰撞气为氮气; 雾化气流量3 L/min; 加热气流量10 L/min; 干燥气流量10 L/min; 接口温度300℃; 脱溶剂温度526 ℃; DL管温度250 ℃; 加热块温度400 ℃。
本研究选择Waters ACQUITY UPLC TM BEH C18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)色谱柱作为分析柱, 考察了甲醇-0.1%甲酸水溶液和乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液2种不同流动相组成对峰响应和分离效果的影响。结果显示甲醇作为有机相较乙腈响应更高, 且7种抗生素都能同时出峰。综合考虑最终选择甲醇-0.1%甲酸水溶液作为流动相。
在正离子模式下, 对20 ng/mL的混合标准溶液进行全扫描。首先在Q1 MS模式下扫描, 得到14种目标化合物的母离子, 然后在产物离子扫描模式下进行子离子全扫描,选择出两个响应较强且稳定的碎片离子为子离子, 其中一个为定性离子, 另一个为定量离子。将各目标化合物的母离子和对应的两个碎片离子组成离子对, 在多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式下优化Q1、Q3和CE电压。
方法学验证采用6次平行测定, 并对样品进行3次平行测定, 结果取平均值; 线性方程的计算通过岛津LCMS-8060工作站进行; 采用WPS表格、WPS文字12.1.0.2进行数据统计及表格绘制, Origin 2021进行绘图。
在MRM模式下优化Q1、Q3和CE电压, 优化后的质谱参数见表1。流动相选用甲醇-0.1%甲酸水溶液, 样品上清液过0.22 μm滤膜后上机测定。7种抗生素的峰型图见图1, 喹诺酮类抗生素出峰较早, 集中在5~7 min, 强力霉素保留时间在7.99 min, 峰型均较好, 分析时间适中。
基质效应(matrix effects, ME)是指分析物在标准溶液中的质谱响应与在其他生物基质中相同分析物的质谱响应之间的差异, 这些效应通常源于生物基质中的内源性成分和保存剂, 它们可能会影响目标化合物的色谱行为和电离过程, 从而导致离子抑制或离子增强, 影响检测结果的准确性[22-25]。ME=(基质匹配标准曲线斜率/空白溶剂标准曲线斜率-1)×100%。ME%在0%~20%间为弱ME, 20%~50%之间为中度ME, 大于50%为强ME。以样品基质最为复杂的金汤佛跳墙2为基质做基质曲线, 通过HPLC-MS/MS检测结果显示, 恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星ME弱, 环丙沙星、强力霉素ME中度, 氧氟沙星、洛美沙星ME强。见表2
按照仪器工作条件测定, 得到线性回归方程和相关系数。以3倍信噪比(S/N)计算检出限, 以3倍检出限计算定量限, 见表3。结果显示, 检出限为0.03~0.24 μg/kg, 定量限为0.09~0.72 μg/kg, 标准曲线线性较好r>0.999, 满足定量要求。
选取3种具有代表性的预制菜(金汤佛跳墙2、梅干菜扣肉、酸菜鱼)进行加标回收试验, 加标浓度按照低、中、高3种浓度进行添加, 加标样连续测定6次, 计算回收率和测定值的相对标准偏差, 结果见表4~表6。回收率为84.5%~114.0%, 回收率好, 相对标准偏差为1.1%~4.1%, 重复性好, 表明该方法适用于预制菜中7种抗生素的测定。
通过对14种预制菜样品进行检测, 其中, 一份预制菜中检出恩诺沙星量为2.87 μg/kg, 两份预制菜中检出强力霉素量分别为80.95 μg/kg、3.60 μg/kg, 其他样品均未检出。见表7。同时对阳性样本进行复测, 复测时带入3份平行质控样本以确保结果可靠, 检测结果一致, 说明本研究建立的方法适用于预制菜中7种抗生素的检测。
抗生素广泛运用于禽肉类及水产业用来预防和治疗疾病[26], 部分商家为了追求经济利益, 未合理用药及药物还未代谢完就将其销售[27], 导致兽药残留于动物源性食品中, 进而通过食物链进入预制菜中, 长期摄入残留量超标的预制菜会对人体健康产生危害[28], 通过科学检测和严格管控可降低人体健康危害的风险。目前常用的检测方法有HPLC和HPLC-MS/MS, 本次研究建立了一种同时测定预制菜中喹诺酮类(恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、洛美沙星)抗生素和强力霉素的残留量的HPLC-MS/MS方法。结果显示, 红烧肥肠中检出恩诺沙星, 酸辣柠檬拆骨凤爪和狮子头中检出强力霉素, 检测结果反映了当前某些食品中仍存在兽药残留问题。长期摄入含恩诺沙星残留的食品, 可能引发过敏、轻度胃肠道刺激或不适症状, 大剂量或长期摄入还可能导致肝损伤, 并且容易诱导耐药性, 影响该类药物的临床疗效[29-30]; 而长期摄入含强力霉素的食物, 可能对生殖系统发生损害[31]。所以, 相关部门需要进一步完善监管体系, 加强对养殖环节中兽药使用的监管, 严格规范预制菜生产企业的采购标准和生产流程, 加大对成品的检测力度和频率, 确保预制菜的质量安全。该研究的方法参数均能满足实际需求, 实现了多种抗生素同步快速筛查分析, 极大的缩短了预制菜的检测时间, 提高检验效率, 减少试剂的消耗以及环境污染, 为预制菜的兽药残留的监管提供解决思路和数据支撑。
  • 2024年常州市卫健委青年人才科技项目(QN202463)
  • 江苏省第六期“333高层次人才培养工程”第三层次培养对象项目[(2022)3-4-163]
  • 常州市“十四五”卫生健康高层次人才培养工程-拔尖人才项目(2022CZBJ099)
  • 常州市科技计划资助项目(CJ20242056)
  • 南京医科大学常州公共卫生高等研究院开放课题基金项目(CPHN202302)
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2025年第16卷第12期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250331006
  • 接收时间:2025-03-31
  • 首发时间:2026-01-13
  • 出版时间:2025-06-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31
基金
2024年常州市卫健委青年人才科技项目(QN202463)
江苏省第六期“333高层次人才培养工程”第三层次培养对象项目[(2022)3-4-163]
常州市“十四五”卫生健康高层次人才培养工程-拔尖人才项目(2022CZBJ099)
常州市科技计划资助项目(CJ20242056)
南京医科大学常州公共卫生高等研究院开放课题基金项目(CPHN202302)
作者信息
    常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213001

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*黎俊宏(1982—), 男, 硕士, 副主任技师, 主要研究方向为卫生检验及管理。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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