Article(id=1217529316137681862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217529305693864468, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250401003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1743436800000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768211209568, onlineDateStr=2026-01-12, pubDate=1752508800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768211209568, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768211209568, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768211209568, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1217529305693864468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='13', pageStart='1', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768211207077, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768212057891, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1217532874337730593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217529305693864468, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1217532874337730594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217529305693864468, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=230, endPage=236, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1217529316687135736, articleId=1217529316137681862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Effects of application methods of forchlorfenuron on the quality of Actinidia chinensis in Sichuan Province, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To evaluate the effects of forchlorfenuron dipping and spraying on the quality of Actinidia chinensis in Sichuan Province after flowering and determine the optimal application method. Methods At 20 days after flowering, Hongyang and Jinyan Actinidia chinensis were treated with forchlorfenuron by dipping and spraying. At maturity, fruits were harvested, and their morphological structure, texture, external quality, amino acid content, and internal nutritional quality indicators were analyzed. Results Compared to spraying, forchlorfenuron dipping could significantly increase soluble sugar and dry matter content in Jinyan Actinidia chinensis but had no significant effect on fruit longitudinal and transverse diameters, fruit shape index, amino acid content as well as other parameters. Different from Jinyan Actinidia chinensis, forchlorfenuron dipping could increase Hongyang fruit longitudinal and transverse diameters, single fruit weight, and the content of alanine and histidine. It also reduced fruit firmness and titratable acid content while improving the ascorbic acid, solid-acid ratio, dry matter, soluble sugar, soluble solids and total polyphenol content, enhancing taste and quality. Conclusion According to the results of principal component analysis, forchlorfenuron dipping is more effective than spraying in optimizing fruit morphology, softening fruit, improving taste, and enhancing the quality of both Hongyang Actinidia chinensis. Therefore, dipping is recommended as the optimal forchlorfenuron application method for the cultivation of Hongyang Actinidia chinensis, yet dipping and spraying with forchlorfenuron are both suitable for Jinyan Actinidia chinensis. This study provides technical support for the scientific and standardized use of forchlorfenuron in Sichuan Actinidia chinensis production.

, correspAuthors=Xue HOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Feng-Yi WANG, Shuang-Hui WU, Xi LI, Chun-Yan FANG, Ning YUE, Li HU, Yan DING, Guang-Yun HE, Xue HOU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1217529319186940045, articleId=1217529316137681862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=氯吡脲施用方式对四川猕猴桃品质的影响, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 明确谢花后氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理对四川猕猴桃品质的影响, 确定氯吡脲的最佳施用方式。方法 在猕猴桃谢花后20 d, 使用氯吡脲分别对红阳和金艳进行浸果和喷雾处理, 在成熟期采摘后对果实形态结构、质地等外观品质、氨基酸含量以及内在营养品质指标进行分析检测。结果 相较喷雾处理, 氯吡脲浸果处理可显著提升金艳猕猴桃中可溶性糖和干物质的含量, 对果实的纵横径、果形指数、氨基酸以及其他品质指标无显著影响。不同于金艳猕猴桃, 相较喷雾, 氯吡脲浸果处理不仅能提高红阳果实纵横径、单果重以及丙氨酸和组氨酸含量, 还降低了果实硬度和可滴定酸含量, 提高维生素C、固酸比、干物质、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物以及总酚含量, 更有利于猕猴桃口感改善及品质提升。结论 根据主成分分析结果, 综合考虑氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理后果实单果重、果形指数及品质指标等变化, 确定氯吡脲浸果处理更有利于红阳猕猴桃的果实形态优化、果实软化、口感改善以及品质提升。因此, 氯吡脲在猕猴桃种植过程中建议红阳猕猴桃浸果方式使用其效果最佳, 而金艳猕猴桃浸果和喷雾均适宜。本研究可为四川猕猴桃生产上氯吡脲科学规范使用提供技术支撑。

, correspAuthors=侯雪, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*侯雪(1984—), 女, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全风险评估研究工作。E-mail:
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王凤怡(1994—), 女, 博士, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全风险评估研究工作。E-mail:

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王凤怡(1994—), 女, 博士, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全风险评估研究工作。E-mail:

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Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2021, 42(7): 1-8., articleTitle=Fresh food quality evaluation of kiwifruit based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217901265976214509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=53, issue=6, pageStart=216, pageEnd=224, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=62, authorNames=公旭晨, 毛积鹏, 高磊, journalName=中国南方果树, refType=null, unstructuredReference=公旭晨, 毛积鹏, 高磊, 等. 6个猕猴桃品种果实发育期品质变化规律分析[J]. 中国南方果树, 2024, 53(6): 216-224, 232., articleTitle=6个猕猴桃品种果实发育期品质变化规律分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217901267297420275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=53, issue=6, pageStart=216, pageEnd=224, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=63, authorNames=GONG XC, MAO JP, GAO L, journalName=South China Fruits, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GONG XC, MAO JP, GAO L, et al. 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South China Fruits, 2024, 53(6): 216-224, 232., articleTitle=Analysis of quality changes of six kiwifruit varieties during fruit development, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1217901255180075393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, awardId=NKYRCZX2025025, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省农业科学院人才培养项目(NKYRCZX2025025), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217901255318487438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, awardId=GF-SGPZ-2024023, language=CN, fundingSource=农产品品质规格营养功能评价项目(GF-SGPZ-2024023), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217901245524788028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217901245528982333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, companyId=1217901245524788028, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610064, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217901245537370942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, companyId=1217901245524788028, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 四川省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 成都 610064)]), AuthorCompany(id=1217901245604479807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217901245612868416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, companyId=1217901245604479807, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Sichuan Green Food Development Center, Chengdu 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217901245617062722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, companyId=1217901245604479807, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 四川省绿色食品发展中心, 成都 610041)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1217901251665248405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Fruit morphologies of Hongyang (a) and Jinyan Actinidia chinensis (b) treated with forchlorfenuron dipping (left) and spraying (right), figureFileSmall=g0Af0Ehxyv2WT2p7egkcgw==, figureFileBig=tsEcmlWA5vNZEfT1iqeRTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217901251816243368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=CN, label=图1, caption=氯吡脲浸果(左)和喷雾(右)处理下红阳猕猴桃(a)和金艳猕猴桃(b)的果实形态, figureFileSmall=g0Af0Ehxyv2WT2p7egkcgw==, figureFileBig=tsEcmlWA5vNZEfT1iqeRTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217901251984015547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effects of different application methods of forchlorfenuron on the comprehensive quality of Actinidia chinensis, figureFileSmall=+WYjSC3A3SQwQi990M7dOA==, figureFileBig=6F9SNa1Y68mVUxFjXD0BRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217901252118233287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=CN, label=图2, caption=氯吡脲不同施用方式对猕猴桃综合品质的影响, figureFileSmall=+WYjSC3A3SQwQi990M7dOA==, figureFileBig=6F9SNa1Y68mVUxFjXD0BRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217901252235673816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Detection indicators and methods for nutrient quality of Actinidia chinensis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
检测指标 检测方法
可溶性
固形物
NY/T 2637—2014《水果和蔬菜可溶性固形物含量的测定 折射仪法》
干物质 GB 5009.3—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中水分的测定》
可滴定酸 NY/T 839—2004《鲜李》
维生素C GB 5009.86—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中抗坏血酸的测定》
可溶性糖 NY/T 2742—2015《水果及制品可溶性糖的测定 3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法》
氨基酸 GB 5009.124—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中氨基酸的测定》
总酚 GB/T 8313—2018《茶叶中茶多酚和儿茶素类含量的检测方法》
花青素 NY/T 2640—2014《植物源性食品中花青素的测定 高效液相色谱法》
), ArticleFig(id=1217901252336337124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

猕猴桃营养品质检测指标及方法

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
检测指标 检测方法
可溶性
固形物
NY/T 2637—2014《水果和蔬菜可溶性固形物含量的测定 折射仪法》
干物质 GB 5009.3—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中水分的测定》
可滴定酸 NY/T 839—2004《鲜李》
维生素C GB 5009.86—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中抗坏血酸的测定》
可溶性糖 NY/T 2742—2015《水果及制品可溶性糖的测定 3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法》
氨基酸 GB 5009.124—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中氨基酸的测定》
总酚 GB/T 8313—2018《茶叶中茶多酚和儿茶素类含量的检测方法》
花青素 NY/T 2640—2014《植物源性食品中花青素的测定 高效液相色谱法》
), ArticleFig(id=1217901252457971948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

External quality of Hongyang and Jinyan Actinidia chinensis treated with forchlorfenuron dipping and spraying

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种 处理 单果重/g 纵径/mm 横径/mm 果形指数 果实硬度
红阳 浸果 94.31±4.92a 63.36±1.48a 49.87±1.11a 1.27±0.02a 11.98±1.00a
喷雾 81.74±8.28b 61.40±2.01b 47.02±1.98b 1.31±0.06a 12.74±0.54b
金艳 浸果 183.32±8.15a 78.70±1.58a 65.23±1.52a 1.43±0.63a 13.10±1.20a
喷雾 189.10±13.72a 78.75±1.62a 65.54±2.54a 1.21±0.03a 13.49±0.65a
), ArticleFig(id=1217901252583801078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理的红阳和金艳猕猴桃果实外观品质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种 处理 单果重/g 纵径/mm 横径/mm 果形指数 果实硬度
红阳 浸果 94.31±4.92a 63.36±1.48a 49.87±1.11a 1.27±0.02a 11.98±1.00a
喷雾 81.74±8.28b 61.40±2.01b 47.02±1.98b 1.31±0.06a 12.74±0.54b
金艳 浸果 183.32±8.15a 78.70±1.58a 65.23±1.52a 1.43±0.63a 13.10±1.20a
喷雾 189.10±13.72a 78.75±1.62a 65.54±2.54a 1.21±0.03a 13.49±0.65a
), ArticleFig(id=1217901253863063815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Amino acid content in fruits of Hongyang Actinidia chinensis treated with forchlorfenuron via dipping and spraying (g/100 g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 浸果 喷雾
天门冬氨酸 0.099±0.011a 0.111±0.014a
苏氨酸 0.034±0.002a 0.034±0.004a
丝氨酸 0.032±0.002a 0.034±0.004a
谷氨酸 0.124±0.014a 0.143±0.018b
甘氨酸 0.030±0.004a 0.033±0.004a
丙氨酸 0.061±0.015a 0.043±0.012b
缬氨酸 0.031±0.003a 0.033±0.004a
蛋氨酸 0.007±0.001a 0.007±0.001a
异亮氨酸 0.026±0.003a 0.028±0.002a
亮氨酸 0.040±0.005a 0.042±0.004a
酪氨酸 0.012±0.002a 0.013±0.001a
苯丙氨酸 0.022±0.003a 0.024±0.002a
组氨酸 0.034±0.004a 0.030±0.004b
赖氨酸 0.042±0.004a 0.045±0.005a
精氨酸 0.246±0.049a 0.214±0.044a
脯氨酸 0.018±0.004a 0.020±0.0002a
总氨基酸 0.860±0.040a 0.850±0.100a
), ArticleFig(id=1217901254118916375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理红阳猕猴桃果实中氨基酸含量(g/100 g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 浸果 喷雾
天门冬氨酸 0.099±0.011a 0.111±0.014a
苏氨酸 0.034±0.002a 0.034±0.004a
丝氨酸 0.032±0.002a 0.034±0.004a
谷氨酸 0.124±0.014a 0.143±0.018b
甘氨酸 0.030±0.004a 0.033±0.004a
丙氨酸 0.061±0.015a 0.043±0.012b
缬氨酸 0.031±0.003a 0.033±0.004a
蛋氨酸 0.007±0.001a 0.007±0.001a
异亮氨酸 0.026±0.003a 0.028±0.002a
亮氨酸 0.040±0.005a 0.042±0.004a
酪氨酸 0.012±0.002a 0.013±0.001a
苯丙氨酸 0.022±0.003a 0.024±0.002a
组氨酸 0.034±0.004a 0.030±0.004b
赖氨酸 0.042±0.004a 0.045±0.005a
精氨酸 0.246±0.049a 0.214±0.044a
脯氨酸 0.018±0.004a 0.020±0.0002a
总氨基酸 0.860±0.040a 0.850±0.100a
), ArticleFig(id=1217901254240551203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Amino acid content in fruits of Jinyan Actinidia chinensis treated with forchlorfenuron via dipping and spraying (g/100 g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 浸果 喷雾
天门冬氨酸 0.106±0.012a 0.107±0.011a
苏氨酸 0.039±0.004a 0.042±0.004a
丝氨酸 0.038±0.004a 0.039±0.004a
谷氨酸 0.229±0.030a 0.258±0.026a
甘氨酸 0.038±0.003a 0.039±0.004a
丙氨酸 0.073±0.019a 0.069±0.012a
缬氨酸 0.039±0.003a 0.041±0.004a
蛋氨酸 0.008±0.001a 0.007±0.001a
异亮氨酸 0.034±0.003a 0.035±0.002a
亮氨酸 0.043±0.003a 0.044±0.004a
酪氨酸 0.015±0.002a 0.015±0.001a
苯丙氨酸 0.025±0.002a 0.024±0.002a
组氨酸 0.041±0.002a 0.041±0.002a
赖氨酸 0.046±0.003a 0.047±0.004a
精氨酸 0.073±0.012a 0.079±0.005a
脯氨酸 0.020±0.002a 0.020±0.001a
总氨基酸 0.860±0.090a 0.910±0.080a
), ArticleFig(id=1217901254399934771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理金艳猕猴桃果实中氨基酸含量(g/100 g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 浸果 喷雾
天门冬氨酸 0.106±0.012a 0.107±0.011a
苏氨酸 0.039±0.004a 0.042±0.004a
丝氨酸 0.038±0.004a 0.039±0.004a
谷氨酸 0.229±0.030a 0.258±0.026a
甘氨酸 0.038±0.003a 0.039±0.004a
丙氨酸 0.073±0.019a 0.069±0.012a
缬氨酸 0.039±0.003a 0.041±0.004a
蛋氨酸 0.008±0.001a 0.007±0.001a
异亮氨酸 0.034±0.003a 0.035±0.002a
亮氨酸 0.043±0.003a 0.044±0.004a
酪氨酸 0.015±0.002a 0.015±0.001a
苯丙氨酸 0.025±0.002a 0.024±0.002a
组氨酸 0.041±0.002a 0.041±0.002a
赖氨酸 0.046±0.003a 0.047±0.004a
精氨酸 0.073±0.012a 0.079±0.005a
脯氨酸 0.020±0.002a 0.020±0.001a
总氨基酸 0.860±0.090a 0.910±0.080a
), ArticleFig(id=1217901254508986686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Content of nutritional quality in Hongyang Actinidia chinensis treated with forchlorfenuron via dipping and spraying

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品质指标 浸果 喷雾
维生素C/(mg/100 g) 107.00±9.08a 93.00±5.08a
可溶性固形物/% 16.30±1.90a 12.10±2.02b
可滴定酸/% 1.07±0.11a 1.24±0.10b
固酸比 15.40±2.94a 9.07±1.66b
可溶性糖/% 12.00±2.41a 7.35±2.07b
干物质/(g/100 g) 17.70±0.93a 16.20±3.55a
总酚/% 0.14±0.03a 0.13±0.03a
花青素/(mg/kg) 8.66±1.33a 10.06±1.52b
), ArticleFig(id=1217901254630621513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理的红阳猕猴桃果实中营养品质含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品质指标 浸果 喷雾
维生素C/(mg/100 g) 107.00±9.08a 93.00±5.08a
可溶性固形物/% 16.30±1.90a 12.10±2.02b
可滴定酸/% 1.07±0.11a 1.24±0.10b
固酸比 15.40±2.94a 9.07±1.66b
可溶性糖/% 12.00±2.41a 7.35±2.07b
干物质/(g/100 g) 17.70±0.93a 16.20±3.55a
总酚/% 0.14±0.03a 0.13±0.03a
花青素/(mg/kg) 8.66±1.33a 10.06±1.52b
), ArticleFig(id=1217901254731284820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Content of nutritional quality in Jinyan Actinidia chinensis treated with forchlorfenuron via dipping and spraying

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品质指标 浸果 喷雾
维生素C/(mg/100 g) 122.13±11.50a 117.38±9.71a
可溶性固形物/% 15.75±0.55a 15.36±0.28a
可滴定酸/% 0.98±0.02a 0.96±0.06a
固酸比 16.04±0.83a 16.08±1.16a
可溶性糖/% 12.31±0.97a 11.22±0.98b
干物质/(g/100 g) 17.63±0.54a 16.98±0.63b
总酚/% 0.13±0.02a 0.11±0.01a
花青素/(mg/kg) 6.40±2.20a 5.02±1.29a
), ArticleFig(id=1217901254886474086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217529316137681862, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理的金艳猕猴桃果实中营养品质含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品质指标 浸果 喷雾
维生素C/(mg/100 g) 122.13±11.50a 117.38±9.71a
可溶性固形物/% 15.75±0.55a 15.36±0.28a
可滴定酸/% 0.98±0.02a 0.96±0.06a
固酸比 16.04±0.83a 16.08±1.16a
可溶性糖/% 12.31±0.97a 11.22±0.98b
干物质/(g/100 g) 17.63±0.54a 16.98±0.63b
总酚/% 0.13±0.02a 0.11±0.01a
花青素/(mg/kg) 6.40±2.20a 5.02±1.29a
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氯吡脲施用方式对四川猕猴桃品质的影响
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王凤怡 1 , 吴双慧 1 , 李曦 1 , 方春燕 1 , 岳宁 1 , 胡莉 1 , 丁燕 2 , 贺光云 1 , 侯雪 1, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(13): 230-236
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(13): 230-236
氯吡脲施用方式对四川猕猴桃品质的影响
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王凤怡1 , 吴双慧1, 李曦1, 方春燕1, 岳宁1, 胡莉1, 丁燕2, 贺光云1, 侯雪1, *
作者信息
  • 1 四川省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 成都 610064
  • 2 四川省绿色食品发展中心, 成都 610041
  • 王凤怡(1994—), 女, 博士, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全风险评估研究工作。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*侯雪(1984—), 女, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全风险评估研究工作。E-mail:
Effects of application methods of forchlorfenuron on the quality of Actinidia chinensis in Sichuan Province
Feng-Yi WANG1 , Shuang-Hui WU1, Xi LI1, Chun-Yan FANG1, Ning YUE1, Li HU1, Yan DING2, Guang-Yun HE1, Xue HOU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610064, China
  • 2 Sichuan Green Food Development Center, Chengdu 610041, China
出版时间: 2025-07-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250401003
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目的 明确谢花后氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理对四川猕猴桃品质的影响, 确定氯吡脲的最佳施用方式。方法 在猕猴桃谢花后20 d, 使用氯吡脲分别对红阳和金艳进行浸果和喷雾处理, 在成熟期采摘后对果实形态结构、质地等外观品质、氨基酸含量以及内在营养品质指标进行分析检测。结果 相较喷雾处理, 氯吡脲浸果处理可显著提升金艳猕猴桃中可溶性糖和干物质的含量, 对果实的纵横径、果形指数、氨基酸以及其他品质指标无显著影响。不同于金艳猕猴桃, 相较喷雾, 氯吡脲浸果处理不仅能提高红阳果实纵横径、单果重以及丙氨酸和组氨酸含量, 还降低了果实硬度和可滴定酸含量, 提高维生素C、固酸比、干物质、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物以及总酚含量, 更有利于猕猴桃口感改善及品质提升。结论 根据主成分分析结果, 综合考虑氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理后果实单果重、果形指数及品质指标等变化, 确定氯吡脲浸果处理更有利于红阳猕猴桃的果实形态优化、果实软化、口感改善以及品质提升。因此, 氯吡脲在猕猴桃种植过程中建议红阳猕猴桃浸果方式使用其效果最佳, 而金艳猕猴桃浸果和喷雾均适宜。本研究可为四川猕猴桃生产上氯吡脲科学规范使用提供技术支撑。

四川猕猴桃  /  氯吡脲  /  浸果  /  喷雾  /  营养品质

Objective To evaluate the effects of forchlorfenuron dipping and spraying on the quality of Actinidia chinensis in Sichuan Province after flowering and determine the optimal application method. Methods At 20 days after flowering, Hongyang and Jinyan Actinidia chinensis were treated with forchlorfenuron by dipping and spraying. At maturity, fruits were harvested, and their morphological structure, texture, external quality, amino acid content, and internal nutritional quality indicators were analyzed. Results Compared to spraying, forchlorfenuron dipping could significantly increase soluble sugar and dry matter content in Jinyan Actinidia chinensis but had no significant effect on fruit longitudinal and transverse diameters, fruit shape index, amino acid content as well as other parameters. Different from Jinyan Actinidia chinensis, forchlorfenuron dipping could increase Hongyang fruit longitudinal and transverse diameters, single fruit weight, and the content of alanine and histidine. It also reduced fruit firmness and titratable acid content while improving the ascorbic acid, solid-acid ratio, dry matter, soluble sugar, soluble solids and total polyphenol content, enhancing taste and quality. Conclusion According to the results of principal component analysis, forchlorfenuron dipping is more effective than spraying in optimizing fruit morphology, softening fruit, improving taste, and enhancing the quality of both Hongyang Actinidia chinensis. Therefore, dipping is recommended as the optimal forchlorfenuron application method for the cultivation of Hongyang Actinidia chinensis, yet dipping and spraying with forchlorfenuron are both suitable for Jinyan Actinidia chinensis. This study provides technical support for the scientific and standardized use of forchlorfenuron in Sichuan Actinidia chinensis production.

Actinidia chinensis in Sichuan Province  /  forchlorfenuron  /  dipping  /  spraying  /  nutrient quality
王凤怡, 吴双慧, 李曦, 方春燕, 岳宁, 胡莉, 丁燕, 贺光云, 侯雪. 氯吡脲施用方式对四川猕猴桃品质的影响. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (13) : 230 -236 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250401003
Feng-Yi WANG, Shuang-Hui WU, Xi LI, Chun-Yan FANG, Ning YUE, Li HU, Yan DING, Guang-Yun HE, Xue HOU. Effects of application methods of forchlorfenuron on the quality of Actinidia chinensis in Sichuan Province[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (13) : 230 -236 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250401003
猕猴桃是原产于我国的野生木质藤本果树, 为猕猴桃科称猕猴桃属。作为我国重要的经济作物, 猕猴桃在全国范围内广泛种植, 其中陕西、四川、湖北、湖南、安徽等省份已成为主要产区, 并成为部分山区脱贫致富的主要产业[13]。四川是我国猕猴桃优势产区之一, 同时是世界首个红肉猕猴桃品种“红阳”的诞生地以及全球最大的红肉猕猴桃种植基地。2023年四川猕猴桃收获面积68万亩、产量53万t, 面积和产量仅次于陕西, 位居全国第二。目前, 四川主栽的猕猴桃品种主要有红阳、东红、金艳以及阳光金果等, 这些品种因其富含粗纤维、糖、酸、蛋白质、氨基酸、酚类等多种物质, 具有较高的营养价值和药用价值, 一直以来深受人们喜爱[45]
膨大剂是猕猴桃生产中常用的一种植物生长调节剂, 具有加速细胞分裂, 促进细胞增大、分化和蛋白质合成, 提高坐果率和促进果实增大等功能, 广泛用于农业生产[68]。农产品中常用的膨大剂有氯吡脲、噻苯隆和赤霉酸等[911]。膨大剂的使用有一定技术要求, 对不同作物及品种的调控效果有差异, 因此, 合理使用膨大剂能达到增加产量、提早成熟以及改善猕猴桃果实品质等目的, 然而一味追求果园高产, 滥用膨大剂会导致树体早衰、果实品质变差以及果实货架期缩短等[1214]。前期研究显示, 适宜浓度的氯吡脲处理对脐红[15]、“奉黄1号”[16]、中华“50”[17]、东红、贵长以及其他猕猴桃品种均具有显著促膨效果, 但高浓度处理会降低可溶性固形物等核心品质指标[1821]。此外, 程欢等还探究氯吡脲施用次数对猕猴桃品质的影响, 研究表明1次施药和2次施药的膨大效果差异不显著, 但1次施药猕猴桃营养品质好于2次施药。除此之外, 目前研究主要集中于膨大剂对猕猴桃品质的影响[2325], 以及毛花猕猴桃[26]、软枣猕猴桃[27]及不同猕猴桃品种的果实品质与综合评价等[2830]
据中国农药信息网查询可知, 浸果和喷雾是氯吡脲在猕猴桃上的主要施用方式, 浸果是在猕猴桃膨果期即谢花后15~30 d内直接将果实浸泡在氯吡脲溶液中, 此方法操作耗时但猕猴桃果实浓度更为均匀, 喷雾主要是利用背式喷雾器或药泵喷洒在果实表面, 该方法省时省力, 目前猕猴桃种植面积大的农户会选择此方法, 但氯吡脲两种施用方式对四川猕猴桃品质影响目前鲜有研究报道。因此, 本研究采用氯吡脲浸果和喷雾两种方式处理红阳和金艳猕猴桃, 比较分析不同氯吡脲施用方式对果实外观品质、氨基酸含量及营养品质的影响, 并通过主成分分析对猕猴桃品质进行综合评价, 筛选出氯吡脲合适的施用方式, 从而为氯吡脲科学规范使用提供技术支撑。
氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理猕猴桃幼果实验在四川省眉山市东坡区百信果园家庭农场进行。选择金艳猕猴桃(黄肉)和红阳猕猴桃(红肉)两个品种, 分别在采收期采集氯吡脲浸果和喷雾两种不同方式处理的猕猴桃样品。
无水乙醇、乙腈、甲酸、甲醇(色谱纯, 德国CNW公司); 氢氧化钠、无水碳酸钠(分析纯, 北京化工厂); 3,5-二硝基水杨酸(分析纯, 国药集团化学试剂有限公司); 盐酸(优级纯, 西陇化工股份有限公司); 标准品: 丙氨酸、精氨酸、天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸(纯度均大于97%, 美国AMETEK公司); 实验用水为超纯水(四川优普超纯科技有限公司)。
1989系列游标卡尺(中国广陆公司); FT-327型硬度计(意大利Breuzzi公司); ACQUITY UPLC I-Class/Xevo TQ-XS超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱仪(美国Waters公司); Agilent 1200高效液相色谱仪、1100高效液相色谱仪(配二极管阵列检测器和示差折光检测器)(美国Agilent公司); PAL-1型折光仪(日本ATAGO公司); UV2550紫外分光光度计、AUY220型电子天平(精度0.01 g)、AUY220型分析天平(精度0.0001 g)(日本岛津公司); SFG型电热恒温鼓风干燥箱(黄石市恒丰医疗器械有限公司); Neofuge 18R型多功能冷冻离心机(上海力新仪器有限公司); HH-ZK1恒温水浴锅(上海昀冠机电设备有限公司); TG-1850高速离心机(四川蜀科仪器有限公司); KQ5200DE超声波仪(昆山市超声仪器有限公司); UPH-1-20L实验室超纯水仪(四川优普超纯科技有限公司)。
金艳猕猴桃(黄肉)和红阳猕猴桃(红肉)分别采用氯吡脲喷雾和浸果处理, 具体实验方法如下: 在幼果期即谢花后20 d分别采用浸果和喷雾的方式施用0.1%氯吡脲可溶性液剂, 实施方法为: 金艳猕猴桃在幼果期(即谢花后20 d)用2.5 mg/kg (0.1%氯吡脲可溶性液剂50 mL, 兑水20 kg)浸蘸幼果1次, 红阳猕猴桃在幼果期即谢花后20 d用10.5 mg/kg (0.1%氯吡脲可溶性液剂50 mL, 兑水4.75 kg)浸蘸幼果1次。喷雾施药方法为: 在谢花后20 d分别采用背式喷雾器和药泵在相同浓度条件下对金艳和红阳猕猴桃幼果进行均匀喷洒, 待成熟后分别进行样品采集。
对猕猴桃的果实硬度、单果重、果实横径、果实纵径、果形指数等主要形态学特征指标进行检测。采果后各样品取6个猕猴桃, 测定单果重、果实横径和纵径, 其中, 果形指数为纵径/横径。
对采集猕猴桃果实的可溶性固性物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、糖酸比、干物质、维生素C等主要品质指标进行分析检测。本次检测主要品质指标及其检测方法如表1所示。
采用Excel 2012版软件对数据进行初步整理以及统计分析, 利用IBM SPSS 26软件对数据进行显著性差异分析和主成分分析。
图1可以看出, 红阳和金艳猕猴桃外观大小和表皮颜色呈现明显差异, 且氯吡脲不同施用方式处理的金艳猕猴桃的单果重、纵横径以及果实硬度均高于红阳猕猴桃, 尤其是单果重, 比红阳猕猴桃高约2倍(表2), 表明品种特性是决定猕猴桃外观品质的关键因素。
此外, 从图1a可明显看出, 与浸果相比, 氯吡脲喷雾处理的红阳猕猴桃外观基本呈现出上小下大的不规则形状, 且表面不平整, 这可能由于药泵压力大, 喷射出液体洒在猕猴桃上后由于液滴的重力作用向下聚集, 从而使猕猴桃底部的氯吡脲液体较多, 出现不均匀的细胞分裂, 进而使猕猴桃底部更粗大。另外, 图1b果实形态结果显示, 浸果处理的果实外观相对较为平整, 喷雾处理的猕猴桃果实偶有表面凹陷不平或上小下大的情况出现, 进一步表明氯吡脲浸果处理有助于促进猕猴桃果实形态优化。
表2结果显示, 相较喷雾处理, 氯吡脲浸果处理的红阳猕猴桃, 不论是单果重、纵横径以及果实硬度均表现出显著差异(P<0.05), 其中, 单果重以及纵横径均高于喷雾处理的红阳猕猴桃, 尤其是单果重提高15.4%, 而果形指数略有减小, 果实更倾向于圆形。果实硬度结果表明, 氯吡脲浸果处理的红阳猕猴桃果实硬度明显小于喷雾处理, 降低约5.96%。与红阳猕猴桃不同, 经不同施用方法处理的金艳猕猴桃果实纵横径和果形指数间基本无差异(P>0.05), 喷雾处理的金艳猕猴桃单果重略有增加, 但幅度较小。而氯吡脲浸果处理的金艳猕猴桃的果实硬度略低于喷雾处理。结果表明, 与喷雾方式相比, 氯吡脲浸果处理有助于促进猕猴桃果实软化。
氨基酸是猕猴桃果实品质的重要组成部分, 也是影响果品鲜食以及贮藏和加工等环节的重要参数[5,23]。为了探究氯吡脲不同施用方式对四川猕猴桃品质的影响, 对成熟期不同处理方式的猕猴桃果实中16种氨基酸和总氨基酸含量分别进行测定, 结果如表3表4所示。整体而言, 红阳和金艳猕猴桃的总氨基酸含量仍保持相近水平, 该数据也与文献报到结果一致[31]。其中, 金艳猕猴桃中谷氨酸含量相较红阳猕猴桃高约2倍, 而红阳猕猴桃中精氨酸含量明显高出金艳猕猴桃约3倍, 而其他氨基酸含量相差较小, 这表明两种猕猴桃在氨基酸含量上仍具有各自相对独特的特征, 即金艳猕猴桃在谷氨酸含量上占优, 红阳猕猴桃则在精氨酸含量上表现更为突出。
相较喷雾处理, 氯吡脲浸果处理的红阳猕猴桃果实中鲜味氨基酸谷氨酸含量有所降低, 而甜味氨基酸组氨酸和丙氨酸含量有所增加, 且两处理组中谷氨酸、丙氨酸和组氨酸含量存在显著性差异(P<0.05), 而总氨基酸及天门冬氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、丝氨酸等均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。此外, 还考察了氯吡脲不同施用方式对金艳猕猴桃中氨基酸含量的影响, 从表4数据可知, 不同于红阳猕猴桃, 氯吡脲浸果处理的成熟期金艳猕猴桃中16种氨基酸均无显著性差异(P>0.05), 表明氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理对金艳猕猴桃中氨基酸含量无显著影响。研究结果表明, 氯吡脲浸果处理可通过特异性调控风味氨基酸含量来优化红阳猕猴桃的口感和品质。
本研究还考察了氯吡脲浸果和喷雾方式对猕猴桃8项内在品质指标的影响, 详见表5。从表5中可知, 相较喷雾, 氯吡脲浸果方式处理的成熟期红阳猕猴桃果实中除可滴定酸和花青素外, 红阳猕猴桃中维生素C、固酸比、干物质、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物以及总酚含量均高于喷雾处理; 可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、固酸比及花青素均呈现显著性差异(P<0.05), 其中, 可溶性糖增加幅度最大为52.7%。而可滴定酸和花青素含量低于氯吡脲喷雾处理的猕猴桃, 表明相较喷雾方式, 氯吡脲浸果处理对红阳猕猴桃果实风味有积极作用。
进一步考察氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理对金艳猕猴桃中维生素C、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、固酸比、可溶性糖含量、干物质、总酚和花青素共8项品质指标的影响。表6结果显示, 与红阳猕猴桃不同, 除固酸比略低于氯吡脲喷雾处理的金艳猕猴桃外, 其他指标含量均高于喷雾处理, 其中, 氯吡脲浸果和喷雾对金艳猕猴桃的可溶性糖和干物质两个指标有显著性差异(P<0.05)。此外, 氯吡脲浸果和喷雾对其余品质指标均无显著性影响(P>0.05), 说明氯吡脲浸果处理可促进金艳猕猴桃果实中可溶性糖和干物质的累积。
主成分分析作为一种经典的多变量统计技术, 广泛应用于高维数据的降维与特征提取。该方法通过线性变换, 从复杂的多维数据集中提取出一组相互正交的主成分, 这些主成分能够高效地浓缩数据的绝大部分关键信息[30,32]。因此, 本研究对影响红阳和金艳猕猴桃果实外观和营养品质的14项指标(单果重、纵径、横径、果形指数、果实硬度、总氨基酸、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、维生素C、可溶性固形物、干物质、固酸比、总酚以及花青素)统一进行主成分分析, 分析结果表明, 第一主成分的特征值为9.213, 贡献率为65.81%, 主要由单果重、纵径、横径、果实硬度以及总氨基酸决定, 第二主成分主要由可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、固酸比以及维生素C决定, 特征值和贡献率分别为2.721和19.44%, 第三主成分主要是总酚、干物质、果形指数、花青素以及可滴定酸决定, 特征值和贡献率为2.066和14.76%。用3个主成分对不同氯吡脲施用方式处理的四川猕猴桃品质进行综合评价。由图2可知, 相较浸果处理, 氯吡脲喷雾处理后的红阳猕猴桃综合得分较低, 说明氯吡脲浸果处理更有利于猕猴桃口感改善以及品质提升。而与红阳猕猴桃不同, 氯吡脲浸果和喷雾处理的金艳猕猴桃的综合品质得分均较高, 其中, 喷雾处理的综合得分相对更高。这表明在人工成本受限的情况下, 采用氯吡脲均匀喷雾处理金艳猕猴桃是一种较为理想的替代方案。
氯吡脲浸果处理与喷雾处理相比, 氯吡脲浸果处理可显著提升金艳猕猴桃中可溶性糖和干物质的含量, 对果实的纵横径、果形指数、氨基酸以及其他品质指标无显著影响。而红阳猕猴桃不同, 相较喷雾处理, 氯吡脲浸果处理不仅可以提高红阳猕猴桃中果实纵横径、单果重以及丙氨酸和组氨酸含量, 还能够降低采收时果实硬度和可滴定酸含量, 提高维生素C、固酸比、干物质、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物以及总酚含量, 同时主成分分析结果进一步表明, 氯吡脲浸果处理更有利于红阳猕猴桃口感改善以及品质提升, 而在人工成本受限的情况下, 采用氯吡脲均匀喷雾处理金艳猕猴桃是一种较为理想的替代方案。
  • 四川省农业科学院人才培养项目(NKYRCZX2025025)
  • 农产品品质规格营养功能评价项目(GF-SGPZ-2024023)
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2025年第16卷第13期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250401003
  • 接收时间:2025-04-01
  • 首发时间:2026-01-12
  • 出版时间:2025-07-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-01
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四川省农业科学院人才培养项目(NKYRCZX2025025)
农产品品质规格营养功能评价项目(GF-SGPZ-2024023)
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    1 四川省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 成都 610064
    2 四川省绿色食品发展中心, 成都 610041

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*侯雪(1984—), 女, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全风险评估研究工作。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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