Article(id=1216517523047104715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1216517514570417012, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250112002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1736611200000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767969979297, onlineDateStr=2026-01-09, pubDate=1755187200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767969979297, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767969979297, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767969979297, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1216517514570417012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='15', pageStart='1', pageEnd='322', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767969977276, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768211590858, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1217530915467743720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1216517514570417012, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1217530915467743721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1216517514570417012, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=239, endPage=245, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1216517523600752895, articleId=1216517523047104715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Intervention effects of Tuo tea flavonoids in D-galactose-induced aging mice, columnId=1151923894560060071, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Nutrition and Functional Foods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the effects of Tuo tea flavonoids on D-galactose-induced aging mice in delaying aging and inhibiting inflammation. Methods The anti-aging efficacy of Tuo tea flavonoids were evaluated by measuring weight change, organ index and specific indicators in serum and tissue samples of aged mice treated with Tuo tea flavonoids. Results Tuo tea flavonoids could effectively prevent weight loss caused by aging, and also had a significant effect on preventing the shrinkage of key organs such as the thymus and brain. In addition, the compound also increased the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the blood and liver of aging mice, while reducing the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). At the same time, the levels of inflammation-related interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) cytokines in serum of aging mice were decreased. Further studies showed that in liver tissues, the expression levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) mRNA increased. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) showed a decreasing trend. Especially when the dose reached 100 mg/kg, the Tuo tea flavonoids showed better effects than the same dose of vitamin C. Conclusion As a natural product with potential life-prolonging function, the Tuo tea flavonoids show good biological activity.

, correspAuthors=Jing XIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Chun-Mei HE, Yu-Lu CAO, Ming-Ying MIAO, Jing XIAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1216517527216243032, articleId=1216517523047104715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=沱茶黄酮对D-半乳糖诱导衰老小鼠的干预效果, columnId=1151923894698472105, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品营养及功能性食品, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 探讨沱茶黄酮对D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠在延缓衰老和抑制炎症方面的效果。方法 通过测定接受沱茶黄酮灌胃处理的老化小鼠的体重变化、器官指数以及血清与组织样本中的特定指标来评估其抗衰老功效。结果 沱茶黄酮能够有效阻止由老化引起的体重减轻, 并且对于防止胸腺和大脑等关键器官萎缩也有显著作用。此外, 该化合物还能增加老化小鼠血液及其肝脏中总抗氧化能力(total antioxidant capacity, T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)水平, 同时减少丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)和一氧化氮(nitric oxide, NO)浓度。同时沱茶黄酮还可以降低衰老小鼠血清中炎症相关的白介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)和白介素-1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)细胞因子水平。进一步研究表明, 在肝组织内, 沱茶黄酮促进了神经元型一氧化氮合酶(neuronal nitric oxide synthase, nNOS)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(endothelial nitric oxide synthase, eNOS)、锰超氧化物歧化酶(manganese superoxide dismutase, Mn-SOD)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(copper zinc superoxide dismutase, Cu/Zn-SOD)及过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT) mRNA的表达量上升, 而诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS)则呈下降趋势。特别是当剂量达到100 mg/kg时, 沱茶黄酮表现出优于相同剂量维生素C的效果。结论 沱茶黄酮作为一种具有潜在延寿功能的天然产物, 显示出良好的生物活性。

, correspAuthors=肖静, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*肖静(1986—), 女, 硕士, 主管护师, 主要研究方向为临床营养。E-mail:
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何春梅(1989—), 女, 主管检验师, 主要研究方向为医学检验。E-mail:

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BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, 2024, 12(6): e004454., articleTitle=Role of urinary trace elements in diabetic kidney disease: A cross-sectional analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217127917964935230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1993, volume=90, issue=19, pageStart=8905, pageEnd=8909, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=41, authorNames=LARSEN PL, journalName=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LARSEN PL. Aging and resistance to oxidative damage in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993, 90(19): 8905-8909., articleTitle=Aging and resistance to oxidative damage in Caenorhabditis elegans, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217127904295698780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217127904304087389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, companyId=1217127904295698780, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Sichuan Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217127904312475998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, companyId=1217127904295698780, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 四川省第二中医医院, 成都 610000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1217127904408945003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217127904417333613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, companyId=1217127904408945003, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217127904425722223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, companyId=1217127904408945003, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 重庆大学附属肿瘤医院, 重庆 400030)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1217127908762632832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Changes of body weight of each group mice, figureFileSmall=FxMmspkfwNWWsbSiCNe2/Q==, figureFileBig=pVdk2Ou4a9IGJN0Sm2tVgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217127908880073352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各组小鼠体重变化

注: 不同小写字母表示各组数据平均值之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05), 图23同。

, figureFileSmall=FxMmspkfwNWWsbSiCNe2/Q==, figureFileBig=pVdk2Ou4a9IGJN0Sm2tVgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217127909001708182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=mRNA expressions of nNOS, eNOS and iNOS of liver tissue in each group mice, figureFileSmall=w/rWLujKHpkIlR0q4y53OQ==, figureFileBig=cHlUMAmZ/Eo+dRqVmNOODg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217127909119148703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组小鼠肝组织内nNOS、eNOS及iNOS的mRNA表达水平, figureFileSmall=w/rWLujKHpkIlR0q4y53OQ==, figureFileBig=cHlUMAmZ/Eo+dRqVmNOODg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217127909316281004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=mRNA expressions of Mn-SOD, Gu/Zn-SOD and CAT of liver tissue in each group mice, figureFileSmall=gaLMfxhEuqWhd4Q6ohacLw==, figureFileBig=fZPXLr8QVfDP/bCG721dyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217127909442110136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各组小鼠肝脏组织中Mn-SOD、Gu/Zn-SOD和CAT的mRNA表达水平, figureFileSmall=gaLMfxhEuqWhd4Q6ohacLw==, figureFileBig=fZPXLr8QVfDP/bCG721dyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217127909580522179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Organ index of each group mice

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 胸腺 大脑
正常组 2.38±0.25a 19.12±0.62a
模型组 1.26±0.19e 12.17±0.55e
维生素C灌胃组 1.90±0.16c 15.31±0.66c
沱茶黄酮低剂量灌胃组 1.68±0.15d 13.89±0.56d
沱茶黄酮高剂量灌胃组 2.11±0.11b 17.36±0.70b
), ArticleFig(id=1217127909681185482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各组小鼠器官指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 胸腺 大脑
正常组 2.38±0.25a 19.12±0.62a
模型组 1.26±0.19e 12.17±0.55e
维生素C灌胃组 1.90±0.16c 15.31±0.66c
沱茶黄酮低剂量灌胃组 1.68±0.15d 13.89±0.56d
沱茶黄酮高剂量灌胃组 2.11±0.11b 17.36±0.70b
), ArticleFig(id=1217127909823791827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Content of T-AOC, NO, SOD, GSH-Px and MDA in serum of mice

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 T-AOC/(U/mL) NO/(μmol/L) SOD/(U/mL) GSH-Px/(U/mL) MDA/(nmol/mL)
正常组 16.32±0.82a 30.12±1.11e 248.52±23.62a 166.98±5.63a 6.23±0.39e
模型组 7.77±0.33e 70.26±1.22a 125.02±18.72e 66.20±3.99e 25.89±0.85a
维生素C灌胃组 11.26±0.39c 48.92±1.26c 175.26±13.20c 126.21±4.35c 15.30±0.52c
沱茶黄酮低剂量灌胃组 10.03±0.32d 53.02±1.33b 161.02±10.88d 102.14±4.22d 18.77±0.69b
沱茶黄酮高剂量灌胃组 13.51±0.50b 37.69±1.02d 200.26±13.21b 146.85±5.33b 10.30±0.49d
), ArticleFig(id=1217127909987369692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

小鼠血清中T-AOC、NO、SOD、GSH-Px及MDA的含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 T-AOC/(U/mL) NO/(μmol/L) SOD/(U/mL) GSH-Px/(U/mL) MDA/(nmol/mL)
正常组 16.32±0.82a 30.12±1.11e 248.52±23.62a 166.98±5.63a 6.23±0.39e
模型组 7.77±0.33e 70.26±1.22a 125.02±18.72e 66.20±3.99e 25.89±0.85a
维生素C灌胃组 11.26±0.39c 48.92±1.26c 175.26±13.20c 126.21±4.35c 15.30±0.52c
沱茶黄酮低剂量灌胃组 10.03±0.32d 53.02±1.33b 161.02±10.88d 102.14±4.22d 18.77±0.69b
沱茶黄酮高剂量灌胃组 13.51±0.50b 37.69±1.02d 200.26±13.21b 146.85±5.33b 10.30±0.49d
), ArticleFig(id=1217127911342129892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Content of T-AOC, NO, SOD, GSH-Px and MDA in liver of mice

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 T-AOC/(U/mg prot) NO/(μmol/g prot) SOD/(U/mg prot) GSH-Px/(U/mg prot) MDA/(nmol/mg prot)
正常组 5.11±0.46a 4.01±0.22e 95.98±6.23a 166.98±10.12a 2.21±0.17e
模型组 0.47±0.10e 9.11±0.50a 30.28±2.69e 60.36±6.32e 9.38±0.66 a
维生素C灌胃组 3.26±0.28c 6.08±0.36c 60.33±5.12c 100.85±9.85c 6.20±0.46c
沱茶黄酮低剂量灌胃组 2.44±0.22d 7.03±0.28b 42.03±4.92d 78.69±8.38d 7.85±0.39b
沱茶黄酮高剂量灌胃组 4.15±0.39b 5.10±0.29d 74.23±4.85b 131.36±8.50b 3.89±0.33d
), ArticleFig(id=1217127911476347628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

小鼠肝脏内T-AOC、NO、SOD、GSH-Px及MDA的含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 T-AOC/(U/mg prot) NO/(μmol/g prot) SOD/(U/mg prot) GSH-Px/(U/mg prot) MDA/(nmol/mg prot)
正常组 5.11±0.46a 4.01±0.22e 95.98±6.23a 166.98±10.12a 2.21±0.17e
模型组 0.47±0.10e 9.11±0.50a 30.28±2.69e 60.36±6.32e 9.38±0.66 a
维生素C灌胃组 3.26±0.28c 6.08±0.36c 60.33±5.12c 100.85±9.85c 6.20±0.46c
沱茶黄酮低剂量灌胃组 2.44±0.22d 7.03±0.28b 42.03±4.92d 78.69±8.38d 7.85±0.39b
沱茶黄酮高剂量灌胃组 4.15±0.39b 5.10±0.29d 74.23±4.85b 131.36±8.50b 3.89±0.33d
), ArticleFig(id=1217127911627342582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in serum of mice (ng/L)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 IL-6/ IL-1β TNF-α
正常组 35.26±0.87e 50.68±2.36e 45.27±1.66e
模型组 91.56±2.33a 77.68±2.12a 85.27±2.48a
维生素C灌胃组 68.75±2.41c 62.67±2.02c 66.07±2.02c
沱茶黄酮低剂量灌胃组 82.68±2.55b 71.33±1.97b 74.32±2.10b
沱茶黄酮高剂量灌胃组 49.82±2.08d 58.41±1.62d 53.85±1.99d
), ArticleFig(id=1217127911795114752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1216517523047104715, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

小鼠血清中IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α水平(ng/L)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 IL-6/ IL-1β TNF-α
正常组 35.26±0.87e 50.68±2.36e 45.27±1.66e
模型组 91.56±2.33a 77.68±2.12a 85.27±2.48a
维生素C灌胃组 68.75±2.41c 62.67±2.02c 66.07±2.02c
沱茶黄酮低剂量灌胃组 82.68±2.55b 71.33±1.97b 74.32±2.10b
沱茶黄酮高剂量灌胃组 49.82±2.08d 58.41±1.62d 53.85±1.99d
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沱茶黄酮对D-半乳糖诱导衰老小鼠的干预效果
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何春梅 1 , 曹禺露 1 , 缪明英 1 , 肖静 2, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品营养及功能性食品 2025,16(15): 239-245
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品营养及功能性食品 2025, 16(15): 239-245
沱茶黄酮对D-半乳糖诱导衰老小鼠的干预效果
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何春梅1 , 曹禺露1, 缪明英1, 肖静2, *
作者信息
  • 1 四川省第二中医医院, 成都 610000
  • 2 重庆大学附属肿瘤医院, 重庆 400030
  • 何春梅(1989—), 女, 主管检验师, 主要研究方向为医学检验。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*肖静(1986—), 女, 硕士, 主管护师, 主要研究方向为临床营养。E-mail:
Intervention effects of Tuo tea flavonoids in D-galactose-induced aging mice
Chun-Mei HE1 , Yu-Lu CAO1, Ming-Ying MIAO1, Jing XIAO2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Sichuan Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610000, China
  • 2 Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
出版时间: 2025-08-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250112002
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目的 探讨沱茶黄酮对D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠在延缓衰老和抑制炎症方面的效果。方法 通过测定接受沱茶黄酮灌胃处理的老化小鼠的体重变化、器官指数以及血清与组织样本中的特定指标来评估其抗衰老功效。结果 沱茶黄酮能够有效阻止由老化引起的体重减轻, 并且对于防止胸腺和大脑等关键器官萎缩也有显著作用。此外, 该化合物还能增加老化小鼠血液及其肝脏中总抗氧化能力(total antioxidant capacity, T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)水平, 同时减少丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)和一氧化氮(nitric oxide, NO)浓度。同时沱茶黄酮还可以降低衰老小鼠血清中炎症相关的白介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)和白介素-1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)细胞因子水平。进一步研究表明, 在肝组织内, 沱茶黄酮促进了神经元型一氧化氮合酶(neuronal nitric oxide synthase, nNOS)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(endothelial nitric oxide synthase, eNOS)、锰超氧化物歧化酶(manganese superoxide dismutase, Mn-SOD)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(copper zinc superoxide dismutase, Cu/Zn-SOD)及过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT) mRNA的表达量上升, 而诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS)则呈下降趋势。特别是当剂量达到100 mg/kg时, 沱茶黄酮表现出优于相同剂量维生素C的效果。结论 沱茶黄酮作为一种具有潜在延寿功能的天然产物, 显示出良好的生物活性。

沱茶黄酮  /  D-半乳糖  /  衰老  /  mRNA表达  /  炎症

Objective To investigate the effects of Tuo tea flavonoids on D-galactose-induced aging mice in delaying aging and inhibiting inflammation. Methods The anti-aging efficacy of Tuo tea flavonoids were evaluated by measuring weight change, organ index and specific indicators in serum and tissue samples of aged mice treated with Tuo tea flavonoids. Results Tuo tea flavonoids could effectively prevent weight loss caused by aging, and also had a significant effect on preventing the shrinkage of key organs such as the thymus and brain. In addition, the compound also increased the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the blood and liver of aging mice, while reducing the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). At the same time, the levels of inflammation-related interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) cytokines in serum of aging mice were decreased. Further studies showed that in liver tissues, the expression levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) mRNA increased. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) showed a decreasing trend. Especially when the dose reached 100 mg/kg, the Tuo tea flavonoids showed better effects than the same dose of vitamin C. Conclusion As a natural product with potential life-prolonging function, the Tuo tea flavonoids show good biological activity.

Tuo tea flavonoids  /  D-galactose  /  aging  /  mRNA expression  /  inflammation
何春梅, 曹禺露, 缪明英, 肖静. 沱茶黄酮对D-半乳糖诱导衰老小鼠的干预效果. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (15) : 239 -245 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250112002
Chun-Mei HE, Yu-Lu CAO, Ming-Ying MIAO, Jing XIAO. Intervention effects of Tuo tea flavonoids in D-galactose-induced aging mice[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (15) : 239 -245 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250112002
沱茶是一种通过优质晒青毛茶经过蒸制工艺加工成圆锥窝头形状的紧压茶, 其主要生产地为云南省。值得注意的是, 云南沱茶最初是在下关地区创制出来的, 因此它也被称作下关沱茶[1]。作为普洱茶的一种, 下关沱茶可以进一步分为生沱茶与熟沱茶两大类。其中, 生沱茶直接由晒青毛茶压制而成; 而熟沱茶则是先将晒青毛茶进行人工渥堆发酵处理后再进行压制[2]。研究表明, 沱茶具有显著的抗氧化效果[3], 适合作为健康饮品供不同人群享用。在化学成分方面, 沱茶与绿茶类似, 都富含多酚类、黄酮类化合物、维生素及氨基酸等营养物质[4-5]
黄酮类化合物广泛存在于多种植物中, 如蔬菜、水果及茶叶等[6]。近年来的研究揭示了从这些植物中提取的黄酮具有广泛的生物活性, 包括降低血脂、抗氧化、延缓衰老、抗炎、增强免疫系统功能以及缓解疼痛等[7-8]。特别是其抗氧化与延缓衰老的作用, 成为了研究的重点领域。研究表明, 许多源自草本植物的黄酮成分所展现出来的生理效应很大程度上依赖于它们出色的抗氧化性能; 这类物质不仅能够清除自由基链式反应初始阶段产生的自由基, 还能直接拦截并中和链内存在的自由基[9-10]。值得注意的是, 沱茶中含有种类繁多且含量丰富的黄酮类化合物, 而不同产地的沱茶之间, 在黄酮的具体组成及其浓度方面也存在着显著差异[11]
D-半乳糖作为啮齿类动物体内的一种代谢产物, 在其过量积累的情况下, 会通过半乳糖氧化酶的作用生成大量的醛类、过氧化氢(H2O2)及超氧阴离子。这些物质的增加会导致细胞经历氧化应激与自由基损伤, 加速机体的老化进程[12]。随着中国经济的发展和生活水平的提升, 人们越来越重视如何预防机体老化及其相关的氧化损伤, 以维持身体健康。近年来, 从植物中提取的黄酮类化合物在保健品和医药领域得到了广泛应用, 并开发出了多种新产品。然而, 对于这类化合物在人体内的吸收、代谢过程以及其活性成分的具体作用机制尚缺乏深入研究。本研究旨在探索从沱茶中提取的黄酮类物质对抗衰老及炎症反应的影响, 为未来进一步开发利用这一传统资源提供科学依据。
沱茶: 云南下关沱茶(集团)股份有限公司2023年熟沱茶。
50只雄性SPF级的昆明小鼠[重庆腾鑫生物技术有限公司]。
芦丁标准品(纯度98%, 江西佰草源生物科技有限公司); 总抗氧化能力(total antioxidant capacity, T-AOC)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide, NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)检测用试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所); CycleTESTTM PLUS DNA染色试剂盒(德国Becton Dickinson公司); 白介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)、白介素-1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)检测试剂盒、Trizol试剂、寡核苷酸dT18、核糖核酸酶(ribonuclease, RNase)、脱氧核苷三磷酸(deoxy-ribonucleoside triphosphate, dNTP)以及莫洛尼鼠白血病病毒(murine leukemia retrovirus, MLV)逆转录酶(美国Invitrogen公司); 逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR)实验引物(天根生化科技有限公司); 95%乙醇(泰安欧赛医疗器械有限公司); 硅藻土(天津市登峰化学试剂厂)。
Biomate3S紫外可见光分光光度计、Stepon Plus PCR仪、LUX多功能酶标仪(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); JNB10002百分之一天平、FA2204万分之一天平[群安科学仪器(浙江)有限公司]。
称量出冷冻干燥处理后沱茶样本1 kg, 并将其粉碎。将粉碎后的茶样按1:9 (m:V)加入70% (V:V)的乙醇溶液中, 在70 ℃的水浴条件下进行4 h的浸提过程。之后, 对得到的液体进行过滤, 并通过硅藻土进一步去除其中可能存在的脂溶性杂质。接着, 合并所有经过处理后的滤液并通过ADS-17型树脂柱, 使黄酮类化合物能够被有效吸附。最后, 采用90% (V:V)浓度的乙醇溶液洗脱被树脂捕获的目标物质, 并利用旋转蒸发技术除去溶剂, 从而获得纯净的沱茶黄酮提取物[13]
首先, 精确称量适量的芦丁标准品, 并将其溶解于体积分数为90% (V:V)的乙醇溶液中, 以制备不同质量浓度(分别为10、20、30、40和50 μg/mL)的芦丁标准液。随后, 将从沱茶中提取的黄酮粗提物也溶于相同条件下的乙醇溶液中, 在波长500 nm处测量其吸光度值, 从而绘制标注曲线, 根据曲线计算出茶样中以芦丁计黄酮的含量[14]
在将昆明小鼠均分为正常组、模型组、维生素C处理组(阳性对照)、低剂量及高剂量沱茶黄酮给药组, 每组10只小鼠, 正常组与模型组每日仅接受0.2 mL生理盐水灌胃; 而维生素C处理组、低剂量及高剂量沱茶黄酮组则分别给予100 mg/kg体重的维生素C溶液和50 mg/kg或100 mg/kg体重的沱茶黄酮溶液灌胃。D-半乳糖能够用于氧化应激、糖基化终产物(advanced glycation end-products, AGEs)积累、线粒体功能障碍、炎症反应、细胞衰老和神经内分泌失调等多种机制, 模拟衰老过程, 广泛应用于衰老相关研究, 因此本研究也采用D-半乳糖进行小鼠衰老建模。两周后, 根据文献报道剂量[15], 除了正常组外的所有组别小鼠开始接受为期6周的腹腔注射D-半乳糖(剂量为120 mg/kg), 每日灌胃1次, 同时继续之前的灌胃方案。完成整个处理周期后, 所有小鼠在禁食24 h后通过颈椎脱臼法处死, 随后收集心脏血液样本及肝脏组织用于后续分析, 并测定胸腺与大脑等重要器官的质量指数[16], 计算见公式(1)。
器官的质量指数=器官重量(g)÷小鼠体重(kg)
在静置小鼠血浆1 h后, 通过离心处理(转速4000 r/min, 持续时间15 min)分离出血清部分。随后, 依据试剂盒提供的操作指南, 对提取得到的小鼠血清样本进行T-AOC、NO、SOD、GSH-Px和MDA浓度的测量。对于小鼠肝脏样本, 则首先制备成10%浓度的匀浆, 并同样经历离心步骤(条件同上), 之后利用上清液并按照试剂盒指示完成上述指标在肝组织中的定量分析[17]
首先, 准确称取1 g肝组织样本, 并将其与9 mL生理盐水混合以制备匀浆。接着, 在该匀浆中添加1 mL Trizol以提取小鼠肝脏中的总RNA。利用超微量分光光度计于波长260 nm和280 nm处测量所提RNA的吸光度, 以此评估其纯度并确定浓度, 随后调整至质量浓度为1 μg/μL的标准溶液。通过逆转录过程将提取到的RNA转化为cDNA, 之后构建含有1 μL cDNA的反应体系, 其中还包括了10 μL SYBR Green PCR Master Mix、7 μL无菌蒸馏水以及各1 μL的上游和下游引物溶液。此混合液被置于定量PCR仪器内进行扩增实验, 具体步骤包括: 初始变性阶段95 ℃下持续60 s; 随后进入循环阶段, 每个循环由9 ℃下15 s、55 ℃下30 s及72 ℃下35 s组成, 共执行40次; 最后是熔解曲线分析, 设置为95 ℃下30 s后降至55 ℃保持35 s。选择β-肌动蛋白为内部对照基因, 并采用2−ΔΔCt方法对目标基因表达水平进行量化分析[18]
在进行3次实验之后, 计算平行实验的平均值结果。同时利用SPSS 22.0统计软件通过单因素方差分析方法来验证各组数据之间在P<0.05水平下存在的显著性差异。
评估活性成分提取物中的纯度水平有助于确定其活性来源是否为所提取的目标物质。在黄酮类化合物的纯度分析中, 芦丁是一种常用的参照标准[14]。本研究通过测定不同浓度下芦丁标准溶液的吸光度, 并据此构建了以芦丁为基础的黄酮标准曲线: Y=0.0013X-0.0017 (r2=0.9917)。基于此模型, 本研究进一步计算得出该提取物中黄酮类化合物的纯度达到了45.92% (OD500=0.058)。这表明在所制备的粗提物中, 黄酮占据了主要部分, 且预期将在后续的研究活动中作为主要活性成分发挥作用。
有动物实验给出了在给予D-半乳糖处理后, 小鼠出现了体重增长迟缓的结果[19]。当前的研究也观察到了类似的结果, 即接受D-半乳糖注射的小鼠相较于未处理的正常组小鼠显示出显著较慢的体重增加速度, 其中以衰老模型组的小鼠体重减少最为明显。此外, 实验还发现维生素C和沱茶黄酮能够对抗D-半乳糖引起的体重增长减慢情况, 特别是当以100 mg/kg剂量(高剂量组)口服给药时, 沱茶黄酮的效果比同剂量的维生素C更为显著(图1)。基于以上结果, 可以推断出沱茶黄酮在抑制由D-半乳糖引发的小鼠衰老症状方面具有较高的有效性, 并且其作用优于维生素C。
在生物体经历老化过程中, 胸腺与大脑的萎缩现象相较于其他器官更为显著。其中, 胸腺的老化被认为是免疫系统衰退的主要原因, 而大脑的退化则被视为整个机体衰老过程中的标志性特征[20]。据表1所示, 模型组小鼠的胸腺及脑部相对重量明显低于实验中其他各组(P<0.05), 且正常组表现出最高值。研究发现, 通过给予沱茶或维生素C灌胃处理能够有效缓解因D-半乳糖诱导导致的胸腺和脑组织相对重量减少的情况。值得注意的是, 在接受不同剂量沱茶黄酮灌胃的小鼠之间进行比较时, 高剂量组(100 mg/kg)显示出优于较低剂量组的表现, 表明沱茶黄酮具有潜在的抗衰老作用, 可减轻老化引起的器官相对重量下降。
表2表3可以看出, 正常组的小鼠其血清及肝组织中T-AOC、SOD与GSH-Px的水平最高, 而NO与MDA的水平最低; 相比之下, 衰老模型组小鼠则表现出相反的趋势, 即血清和肝脏中的T-AOC、SOD、GSH-Px含量处于最低点, 同时NO与MDA的含量达到峰值。相较于衰老模型组而言, 维生素C和沱茶黄酮能够增加D-半乳糖诱导的老化小鼠血清及肝组织内的T-AOC、SOD、GSH-Px浓度, 并减少NO与MDA的量, 特别是高剂量沱茶黄酮处理组的小鼠, 它们体内这些指标的数值最接近于正常组。T-AOC是衡量总体抗氧化能力的一个关键参数, 氧化自由基被认为是加速人体老化过程的主要因素之一, 因此增强机体的T-AOC有助于延缓老化进程[21]。NO对于维持生物体内部的氧化平衡至关重要, 在氧化应激状态下, 体内NO水平会上升, 进而打破原有的稳态[22-23]。SOD与GSH-Px作为重要的抗氧化成分, 可以有效对抗自由基损伤, 延缓细胞老化; 此外, MDA也是评估氧化损伤程度的一个重要标志物, 高水平的MDA指示了脂质过氧化反应加剧[24-25]。实验结果表明, 沱茶黄酮能显著提升因D-半乳糖引起的老化模型小鼠体内的T-AOC、SOD、GSH-Px水平, 并抑制NO与MDA的积累, 从而发挥出抗衰老的效果。
表4显示沱茶黄酮可以有效降低IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α水平, 且高剂量沱茶黄酮调控的效果强于低剂量沱茶黄酮和维生素C。氧化应激被激活行炎症细胞因子IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-α在机体内的含量也随之发生显著变化[26], 特别是TNF-α的增加, 可促进T细胞产生各种炎症因子, 是各种信号通路的关键环节, 随着氧化应激的家具, IL-6和IL-1β作为重要的促炎因子也随之大量激活, 因此有效调控IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-α的激活程度, 降低其在机体中的含量是减轻炎症损伤有效途径[27]。本研究中沱茶黄酮也体现出控制炎症细胞因子, 起到减轻衰老造成的炎性反应的有益效果。
衰老模型组的小鼠肝脏中神经元型一氧化氮合酶(neuronal nitric oxide synthase, nNOS)与内皮型一氧化氮合酶(endothelial nitric oxide synthase, eNOS)的表达水平最低, 而诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS)的表达则最为显著(图2)。实验表明, 维生素C及沱茶黄酮均能增强衰老小鼠肝组织内nNOS与eNOS的表达, 并抑制iNOS的表达。值得注意的是, 在给予100 mg/kg剂量的沱茶黄酮处理后, 小鼠肝脏内的nNOS与eNOS表达量明显高于接受相同剂量维生素C或50 mg/kg剂量沱茶黄酮治疗的小鼠; 同时, 这些小鼠体内的iNOS表达水平则低于前两组。体内NO水平失衡可导致氧化损伤, 其中NOS是产生NO的关键酶。在机体遭受氧化应激之后, iNOS会转化为NO, 进而加速老化过程; 相反地, 当身体受到氧化损害时, nNOS和eNOS的数量减少, 因此增加这两种酶的含量有助于延缓衰老[28-29]。本研究发现, 通过调控小鼠肝脏中iNOS、nNOS以及eNOS的表达水平, 沱茶黄酮能够有效减慢衰老进程。
正常组小鼠肝脏组织中锰超氧化物歧化酶(manganese superoxide dismutase, Mn-SOD)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(copper zinc superoxide dismutase, Cu/Zn-SOD)及过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)的表达水平最高, 而衰老模型组则表现出最低的表达量(图3)。相较于衰老模型组, 沱茶黄酮能够提升这些抗氧化酶在小鼠肝组织中的表达量, 并且随着其剂量的增加, 这种上调作用也更加明显。在同一剂量条件下, 沱茶黄酮的效果优于维生素C。SOD家族包含Mn-SOD、Gu/Zn-SOD和铁超氧化物歧化酶(iron superoxide dismutase, Fe-SOD) 3种异构体, 其中Mn-SOD和Gu/Zn-SOD能够发挥调节自由基处于低水平的作用, 起到使机体免受自由基攻击的作用[30-31]。CAT则担负清除氧自由基的作用, 并发挥其过氧化氢分解的特殊能力, 保护体细胞免受氧化反应导致的损伤[32]。本研究的结果揭示沱茶黄酮具有调节体内CAT、Mn-SOD和Gu/Zn-SOD的能力, 从而减缓实验小鼠衰老的过程。
本研究利用D-半乳糖建立小鼠衰老的实验模型来观察沱茶黄酮对氧化应激的调控作用, 从而抑制抗衰老的效果。结果显示沱茶黄酮能够减轻衰老造成的小鼠体重减轻现象, 并且还能防止胸腺与大脑器官指数的下降。进一步对小鼠血清及肝脏组织进行分析发现, 沱茶黄酮可以调控氧化应激造成的血清和肝脏组织指标失调。同时可以调控氧化衰老造成的肝脏组织表达异常。以上结果证明本研究中沱茶黄酮具备延缓衰老的作用, 其效能优于同等剂量下的常用抗氧化制剂维生素C, 显示出沱茶黄酮作为一种潜在生物活性物质的开发价值。
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2025年第16卷第15期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250112002
  • 接收时间:2025-01-12
  • 首发时间:2026-01-09
  • 出版时间:2025-08-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-12
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    1 四川省第二中医医院, 成都 610000
    2 重庆大学附属肿瘤医院, 重庆 400030

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*肖静(1986—), 女, 硕士, 主管护师, 主要研究方向为临床营养。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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