Article(id=1154125576316117951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241125002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732464000000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753094580010, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1741968000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753094580010, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753094580010, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753094580010, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153429493357203682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='326', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752928620900, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758690311058, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1177595773500932351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1177595773500932352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=284, endPage=290, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1154125576781685697, articleId=1154125576316117951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Determination of 6 kinds of eugenols in infant formula milk powder by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish a simple and efficient method for the determination of 6 kinds of eugenols in infant formula milk powder by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Methods After ultrasonic extraction with acetonitrile, the sample was purified and degreased using acetonitrile saturated n-hexane. The n-hexane was discarded, and acetonitrile was extracted and concentrated to a volume of 1 mL. DB-1701 chromatographic column was used to separate without splitting the sample, with an injection volume of 1 μL. Ion monitoring mode for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination and external standard method for quantification was used. Results The 6 kinds of eugenols showed a good linear relationship within the range of 20-500 ng/mL, the limit of detection of the 6 kinds of eugenol compounds in this method was 0.007 mg/kg, and the limit of quantitation was 0.02 mg/kg. In 2 matrix samples of milk powder and sheep milk powder, the average recoveries of 6 kinds of eugenols at 3 different concentration levels were between 97.3% and 105.0%, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was between 0.3% and 3.7%. Conclusion The pretreatment operation of this method is simple and fast, and the detection method has high sensitivity and good stability, meeting the requirements of national standards, in order to provide reference basis for establishing national standards or methods for the detection of 6 kinds of eugenols in infant formula milk powder.

, correspAuthors=Hui-Min CAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hui-Min CAI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1154125603029639449, articleId=1154125576316117951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=气相色谱-质谱法检测婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质含量, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立简便高效的气相色谱-质谱法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质。方法 样品经乙腈超声提取后, 使用乙腈饱和的正己烷净化除脂, 弃去正己烷, 提取乙腈浓缩定容至1 mL。采用DB-1701色谱柱分离, 不分流进样, 进样量1 μL。采用选择离子监测模式进行气相色谱-质谱法测定, 外标法定量。结果 6种丁香酚类物质在20~500 ng/mL内呈良好的线性关系, 本方法中6种丁香酚类化合物检出限均为0.007 mg/kg, 定量限均为0.02 mg/kg。在牛乳粉和羊乳粉两种基质样品中, 6种丁香酚类物质的3个不同浓度水平的加标平均回收率在97.3%~105.0%之间, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)在0.3%~3.7%之间。结论 该方法前处理操作简便、快捷, 检测方法灵敏度高、稳定性好, 满足国家标准要求。为建立婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质检测的国家标准或方法提供参考依据。

, correspAuthors=蔡慧敏, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 蔡慧敏(1991—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全与分析。E-mail:
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Foods, 2023, 12(21): 3991., articleTitle=Matrix effect evaluation in GC/MS-MS analysis of multiple pesticide residues in selected food matrices, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1177619708674195780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1177619708682584389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, companyId=1177619708674195780, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=China Quality Certification Centre, Beijing 100070, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1177619708690972998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, companyId=1177619708674195780, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国质量认证中心有限公司, 北京 100070)])], 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figureFileSmall=XgWWt+Y4U+FZmQ85CYj5kQ==, figureFileBig=MFi8gDo8Njt2g3wKubF/tQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619709810852181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=CN, label=图2, caption=甲基丁香酚的色谱图(a)、定量及定性离子相对丰度比值(b)以及质谱图(c), figureFileSmall=XgWWt+Y4U+FZmQ85CYj5kQ==, figureFileBig=MFi8gDo8Njt2g3wKubF/tQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619709865378134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Chromatogram (a), quantitative and qualitative ion relative abundance ratio (b) and mass spectrum (c) of isoeugenol, figureFileSmall=26JVqnIC27Vz0DeZvUD0SA==, figureFileBig=hMdrX1SiDX1jfBuxsnZrJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619709924098391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=CN, label=图3, caption=异丁香酚的色谱图(a)、定量及定性离子相对丰度比值(b)以及质谱图(c), 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qualitative ion relative abundance ratio (b) and mass spectrum (c) of eugenol acetate, figureFileSmall=GRYRExn08gnv5eH8VFLW7A==, figureFileBig=XjBgdxlduQzklBbh+xaOKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619710150590811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=CN, label=图5, caption=乙酸丁香酚酯的色谱图(a)、定量及定性离子相对丰度比值(b)以及质谱图(c), figureFileSmall=GRYRExn08gnv5eH8VFLW7A==, figureFileBig=XjBgdxlduQzklBbh+xaOKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619710217699676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Chromatogram (a), quantitative and qualitative ion relative abundance ratio (b) and mass spectrum (c) of acetylisoeugenol, figureFileSmall=ULFJWNG8wszydzWoO8D06A==, figureFileBig=TTS/StH2gQ9T+Skk72/45g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619710289002845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, 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CAS number, molecular formula, retention time, quantitative and qualitative ions of eugenol compounds

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名称 CAS登录号 分子式 保留时间
/min
定量离子(m/z) 定性离子1 (m/z) 定性离子2 (m/z) 定性离子3 (m/z)
丁香酚 97-53-0 C10H12O2 10.60 164 149 131 103
甲基丁香酚 93-15-2 C11H14O2 10.99 178 163 147 103
异丁香酚 97-54-1 C10H12O2 12.64 164 149 131 103
顺式-甲基异丁香酚 93-16-3 C11H14O2 13.02 178 163 107 91
乙酸丁香酚酯 93-28-7 C12H14O3 14.04 164 149 206 131
乙酰基异丁香酚 93-29-8 C12H14O3 15.87 164 149 206 131
), ArticleFig(id=1177619710725210467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

丁香酚类物质的CAS号、分子式、保留时间、定量及定性离子

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名称 CAS登录号 分子式 保留时间
/min
定量离子(m/z) 定性离子1 (m/z) 定性离子2 (m/z) 定性离子3 (m/z)
丁香酚 97-53-0 C10H12O2 10.60 164 149 131 103
甲基丁香酚 93-15-2 C11H14O2 10.99 178 163 147 103
异丁香酚 97-54-1 C10H12O2 12.64 164 149 131 103
顺式-甲基异丁香酚 93-16-3 C11H14O2 13.02 178 163 107 91
乙酸丁香酚酯 93-28-7 C12H14O3 14.04 164 149 206 131
乙酰基异丁香酚 93-29-8 C12H14O3 15.87 164 149 206 131
), ArticleFig(id=1177619710800707940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Linear regression equation, correlation coefficient, limit of detection and limit of quantitation

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化合物 线性回归方程 相关系数(r2) 检出限/(mg/kg) 定量限/(mg/kg)
丁香酚 Y=69.7740X+429.3295 0.9998 0.007 0.02
甲基丁香酚 Y=83.6445X+98.0114 0.9999 0.007 0.02
异丁香酚 Y=67.7731X+19.4817 0.9999 0.007 0.02
顺式-甲基异丁香酚 Y=93.7311X+53.2495 0.9999 0.007 0.02
乙酸丁香酚酯 Y=110.0381X+81.2187 0.9999 0.007 0.02
乙酰基异丁香酚 Y=131.6277X+112.6490 0.9999 0.007 0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1177619710872011109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

线性回归方程、相关系数、检出限和定量限

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化合物 线性回归方程 相关系数(r2) 检出限/(mg/kg) 定量限/(mg/kg)
丁香酚 Y=69.7740X+429.3295 0.9998 0.007 0.02
甲基丁香酚 Y=83.6445X+98.0114 0.9999 0.007 0.02
异丁香酚 Y=67.7731X+19.4817 0.9999 0.007 0.02
顺式-甲基异丁香酚 Y=93.7311X+53.2495 0.9999 0.007 0.02
乙酸丁香酚酯 Y=110.0381X+81.2187 0.9999 0.007 0.02
乙酰基异丁香酚 Y=131.6277X+112.6490 0.9999 0.007 0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1177619710947508582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Test results of precision and recovery (n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 添加水平
/(mg/kg)
牛乳粉 羊乳粉
平均
回收率/%
RSDs
/%
平均
回收率/%
RSDs
/%
丁香酚 0.02 100.6 1.5 104.4 2.3
0.04 103.1 3.7 100.4 3.2
0.10 99.7 0.7 100.1 1.4
甲基丁香酚 0.02 102.3 1.2 103.5 3.2
0.04 98.3 1.2 101.4 2.6
0.10 101.4 1.3 100.1 2.5
异丁香酚 0.02 104.1 2.3 101.2 1.3
0.04 98.3 1.4 100.1 2.5
0.10 101.2 1.1 102.7 1.4
顺式-甲基异丁香酚 0.02 105.0 3.2 104.1 3.2
0.04 103.2 2.3 101.3 2.6
0.10 99.5 0.7 100.6 1.7
乙酸丁香
酚酯
0.02 104.1 1.2 103.5 2.1
0.04 97.3 2.4 100.4 2.6
0.10 101.4 0.3 101.4 2.3
乙酰基异丁香酚 0.02 102.6 2.6 103.3 2.5
0.04 99.1 3.4 100.4 1.8
0.10 102.3 1.2 101.7 1.4
), ArticleFig(id=1177619711039783271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1154125576316117951, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

精密度和回收实验结果(n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 添加水平
/(mg/kg)
牛乳粉 羊乳粉
平均
回收率/%
RSDs
/%
平均
回收率/%
RSDs
/%
丁香酚 0.02 100.6 1.5 104.4 2.3
0.04 103.1 3.7 100.4 3.2
0.10 99.7 0.7 100.1 1.4
甲基丁香酚 0.02 102.3 1.2 103.5 3.2
0.04 98.3 1.2 101.4 2.6
0.10 101.4 1.3 100.1 2.5
异丁香酚 0.02 104.1 2.3 101.2 1.3
0.04 98.3 1.4 100.1 2.5
0.10 101.2 1.1 102.7 1.4
顺式-甲基异丁香酚 0.02 105.0 3.2 104.1 3.2
0.04 103.2 2.3 101.3 2.6
0.10 99.5 0.7 100.6 1.7
乙酸丁香
酚酯
0.02 104.1 1.2 103.5 2.1
0.04 97.3 2.4 100.4 2.6
0.10 101.4 0.3 101.4 2.3
乙酰基异丁香酚 0.02 102.6 2.6 103.3 2.5
0.04 99.1 3.4 100.4 1.8
0.10 102.3 1.2 101.7 1.4
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气相色谱-质谱法检测婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质含量
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蔡慧敏 *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(5): 284-290
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(5): 284-290
气相色谱-质谱法检测婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质含量
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蔡慧敏*
作者信息
  • 中国质量认证中心有限公司, 北京 100070

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* 蔡慧敏(1991—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全与分析。E-mail:
Determination of 6 kinds of eugenols in infant formula milk powder by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Hui-Min CAI*
Affiliations
  • China Quality Certification Centre, Beijing 100070, China
出版时间: 2025-03-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241125002
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目的 建立简便高效的气相色谱-质谱法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质。方法 样品经乙腈超声提取后, 使用乙腈饱和的正己烷净化除脂, 弃去正己烷, 提取乙腈浓缩定容至1 mL。采用DB-1701色谱柱分离, 不分流进样, 进样量1 μL。采用选择离子监测模式进行气相色谱-质谱法测定, 外标法定量。结果 6种丁香酚类物质在20~500 ng/mL内呈良好的线性关系, 本方法中6种丁香酚类化合物检出限均为0.007 mg/kg, 定量限均为0.02 mg/kg。在牛乳粉和羊乳粉两种基质样品中, 6种丁香酚类物质的3个不同浓度水平的加标平均回收率在97.3%~105.0%之间, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)在0.3%~3.7%之间。结论 该方法前处理操作简便、快捷, 检测方法灵敏度高、稳定性好, 满足国家标准要求。为建立婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质检测的国家标准或方法提供参考依据。

气相色谱-质谱法  /  配方乳粉  /  丁香酚

Objective To establish a simple and efficient method for the determination of 6 kinds of eugenols in infant formula milk powder by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Methods After ultrasonic extraction with acetonitrile, the sample was purified and degreased using acetonitrile saturated n-hexane. The n-hexane was discarded, and acetonitrile was extracted and concentrated to a volume of 1 mL. DB-1701 chromatographic column was used to separate without splitting the sample, with an injection volume of 1 μL. Ion monitoring mode for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination and external standard method for quantification was used. Results The 6 kinds of eugenols showed a good linear relationship within the range of 20-500 ng/mL, the limit of detection of the 6 kinds of eugenol compounds in this method was 0.007 mg/kg, and the limit of quantitation was 0.02 mg/kg. In 2 matrix samples of milk powder and sheep milk powder, the average recoveries of 6 kinds of eugenols at 3 different concentration levels were between 97.3% and 105.0%, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was between 0.3% and 3.7%. Conclusion The pretreatment operation of this method is simple and fast, and the detection method has high sensitivity and good stability, meeting the requirements of national standards, in order to provide reference basis for establishing national standards or methods for the detection of 6 kinds of eugenols in infant formula milk powder.

gas chromatography-mass spectrometry  /  formula milk powder  /  eugenol
蔡慧敏. 气相色谱-质谱法检测婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质含量. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (5) : 284 -290 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241125002
Hui-Min CAI. Determination of 6 kinds of eugenols in infant formula milk powder by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (5) : 284 -290 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241125002
丁香酚又名4-烯丙基-2-甲氧基苯酚, 是一种植物香料, 广泛存在于丁香油、樟脑油和肉桂叶油等芳香油中[1-5]。丁香酚是一种广泛应用于医药、食品、香料、动物饲料等行业的原料[6-10]。GB 2760—2014《食品安全国家标准 食品添加剂使用标准》明确丁香酚、异丁香酚和甲基丁香酚等丁香酚类物质可用作食品用合成香料。但GB 2760—2014《食品安全国家标准 食品添加剂使用标准》和GB 2762—2012《食品安全国家标准 食品中污染物限量》均未明确规定食品中丁香酚的最大残留限量。根据美国国家毒理学计划(national toxicology program, NTP)报道, 丁香酚、甲基丁香酚对啮齿动物是可疑致癌物[11-12]。有研究证明, 丁香酚对肝脏具有毒副作用[13-14], 甲基丁香酚对哺乳动物具有致癌作用[15-17]
有研究表明丁香酚作为饲料添加剂使用具有多种作用, 张桂枝等[18]研究比较了几种植物精油与常见饲料防霉剂的防霉效果, 研究表明0.3%的肉桂醛与丁香酚复合物在发酵饲料中添加8 d内可起到很好的防霉效果。WALL等[19]报道, 日粮添加200 mg/d丁香酚和肉桂醛复合物可极显著提高初产牛的乳脂率。丁香作为中草药饲料添加剂, 可以通过改善畜禽产品的色泽、风味等影响肉类品质[20-22]。PATRA等[23]研究表明丁香油都能显著抑制甲烷生成, 对提高饲料能量利用率和改善环境均具有重要的意义。由于丁香酚类物质已作为饲料添加剂被广泛应用[18-21], 但是目前只有少量丁香酚在水生动物体内的代谢机制研究[24-26], 并没有查阅到丁香酚在畜禽动物体内的代谢机制研究, 产乳动物极有可能通过饲料摄入丁香酚类物质, 在无法完全代谢的情况下导致原料乳中丁香酚类物质残留, 因此有必要开发婴幼儿配方乳粉中的丁香酚类物质残留检测方法, 为婴幼儿配方乳粉的安全评估提供基础。
另外, 有研究表明丁香酚、异丁香酚可作为主要底物在微生物转化法中生产香兰素, 其在价格以及品质方面都比化学合成的香兰素占有优势[27-28]。而GB 2760—2014中严格规定了较大婴儿和幼儿配方食品中香兰素的使用限量, 并明确指出0至6个月婴幼儿配方食品中不得添加香兰素。因此检测婴幼儿配方乳粉中的丁香酚类物质为监测香兰素的使用增加了一种重要手段。
目前, 较少检索到婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质的检测。由于丁香酚、甲基丁香酚、异丁香酚、顺式-甲基异丁香酚、乙酸丁香酚酯、乙酰基异丁香酚的化合物结构极为相似, 碎片离子信息基本相似, 6种丁香酚类物质使用色谱法分离难度较大[29-31], 本研究采用二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO)辅助浓缩气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定6种丁香酚类化合物的检验方法测定婴幼儿配方牛乳粉和羊乳粉, 以期为婴幼儿配方乳粉质量安全监管提供基础数据。
Agilent 7890B-5977B气相色谱-质谱联用仪、DB-1701毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm, 0.25 μm)(美国安捷伦科技公司); MS105DU十万分子一电子天平、ME802/02百分之一电子天平[梅特勒-托利多仪器(上海)有限公司]; 5810R冷冻离心机(eppenddorf中国有限公司); MS3涡旋混合器(德国IKA公司); GT SONIC-R13超声波(广东固特超声股份有限公司); BUCHI R300旋转蒸发仪(瑞士歩琦有限公司)。
婴幼儿配方牛乳粉和羊乳粉购自超市及电商平台。
乙腈、正己烷、乙腈饱和正己烷溶液(色谱纯, 美国Fisher Chemical公司); DMSO(分析纯, 国药集团化学试剂有限公司); 丁香酚、甲基丁香酚、异丁香酚、顺式-甲基异丁香酚、乙酸丁香酚酯、乙酰基异丁香酚标准品(纯度≥99%)[曼哈格(上海)生物科技有限公司]; 0.22 μm有机滤膜(博纳艾杰尔科技有限公司)。
色谱柱: DB-1701毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm, 0.25 μm); 升温程序: 初始温度100 ℃, 保持1 min, 以6 ℃/min升温至200 ℃, 再以25 ℃/min升温至260 ℃, 保持5 min; 进样口温度: 230 ℃; 载气: 氦气, 纯度≥99.999%, 流速1.0 mL/min; 进样方式为不分流进样; 进样量: 1 μL。
电离方式: 电子轰击电离源; 电离能量: 70 eV; 传输线温度: 280 ℃; 离子源温度: 230 ℃; 溶剂延迟时间: 6.00 min; 测定方式: 选择离子监控。6种丁香酚类物质的化学文摘服务社(chemical abstracts service, CAS)号、分子式、保留时间、定量及定性离子见表1
分别准确称取6种丁香酚类化合物标准品100.0 mg(精确至0.0001 g), 用乙腈溶解并定容至100 mL, 此溶液质量浓度均为1 mg/mL。将6种丁香酚类化合物标准储备溶液用乙腈稀释成10 µg/mL和1 µg/mL的混合标准中间溶液, 分别准确吸取适量6种丁香酚类化合物混合标准中间溶液, 用乙腈稀释成最终质量浓度为20、40、100、200、500 ng/mL的标准系列工作溶液, 临用时配制。
称取1.0 g试样(精确至0.01 g)于50 mL离心管中, 加入10 mL乙腈, 涡旋混匀1 min, 超声提取15 min, 8000 r/min离心5 min, 上清液转至另一50 mL离心管中; 残渣中再加入10 mL乙腈重复提取一次, 合并所有上清液; 再加入5 mL乙腈饱和正己烷, 涡旋振荡1 min, 8000 r/min离心5 min, 弃去正己烷层; 乙腈层加入50 μL的DMSO辅助浓缩, 40 ℃旋转蒸发浓缩至近干, 用乙腈定容至1 mL, 混匀, 过0.22 μm微孔滤膜, 供气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析。
本研究中引用的实验图谱和数据由Mass hunter 5977提供, 实验重复6次测定, 表格由Mircosoft Excel 2021软件完成。
6种丁香酚类物质的色谱图、相对丰度比值以及质谱图见图1~6。本研究采用的实验方法对6种丁香酚类物质具有良好的分离效果。图1~6中色谱图的保留时间及峰面积, 质谱图以及定量及定性离子相对丰度比值提供了6种丁香酚类物质中各离子相对含量的信息, 是定量及定性分析的重要参数。可以深入了解丁香酚类物质的种类、数量、结构和性质, 为科学研究和技术开发提供有力的支持。
丁香酚类物质为具有含氧基团的小分子弱极性化合物, 因此适合使用中等极性或极性色谱柱对其进行分离。在现有研究基础上, 选择了不同的极性色谱柱对6种丁香酚类物质进行分离测定, 分别是HP-Innowax (30 m×0.25 mm, 0.25 μm)、DB-5 (30 m×0.25 mm, 0.25 μm)、DB-1701 (30 m× 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm) 3种色谱柱。根据相邻两色谱峰间的分离度、保留时间以及色谱峰形等参数的比较, 对比发现使用DB-1701毛细管色谱柱的分离效果最佳, 峰形对称无拖尾, 适合以上6种丁香酚类物质的分离测定。
根据丁香酚类物质的极性, 使用乙腈做提取溶剂, 使用乙腈饱和的正己烷净化, 可有效去除样品中的油脂, 同时可将乙腈相中的低极性成分分离, 起到净化的作用。该方法操作简便、快捷, 回收率高, 稳定性好, 适用于实验室常规分析检测。
本研究以空白婴幼儿配方乳粉制备空白基质溶液, 空白基质的色谱图见图7。并向空白基质溶液加入6种丁香酚类物质的标准溶液, 配制成浓度分别为0.02、0.04、0.10 mg/kg的基质标准溶液, 同时配制相同浓度的试剂标准溶液, 通过气相色谱-质谱仪测定, 按下列公式计算基质效应(matrix effects, ME)。ME=B/A×100%。其中, B为基质匹配标准溶液中目标物的峰面积; A为试剂标准溶液中目标物的峰面积。若ME>100%, 则表示基质对分析物的响应产生增强效应; 若ME<100%则表示基质对分析物的响应产生抑制效应; 若ME=100%, 则表示不存在基质效应。当ME介于80%~120%时, 基质干扰程度较低; 当50%<ME<80%或120%<ME<150%时, 表现为中等程度的基质干扰效应; 当ME<50%或ME>150%, 表示基质效应的干扰强烈[32]。由结果(见图8)可见, 气相色谱-质谱测定时, 3个不同添加浓度下的6种丁香酚类物质的ME值在100.2%~103.0%, 说明存在离子化增强效应, 但基质干扰程度较弱, 基质效应不明显, 因此在测定过程中采用溶剂标准曲线来定量。
分别吸取质量浓度为1 μg/mL的6种丁香酚类物质标准工作液适量, 用乙腈稀释并定容, 配制成6种丁香酚类物质质量浓度分别为20、40、100、200、500 ng/mL的标准系列工作液。以各目标物组分的质量浓度(X, ng/mL)为横坐标, 以色谱峰峰面积(Y)为纵坐标绘制标准曲线, 建立线性回归方程, 外标法定量。6种丁香酚类物质线性回归方程、相关系数、检出限和定量限见表2。结果表明, 6种丁香酚类物质在20~500 ng/mL内呈良好的线性关系, 相关系数(r2)均大于等于0.9998。取样量为1.0 g, 定容体积为1 mL时, 以信噪比(S/N=3)所对应的含量作为检出限, 以信噪比(S/N=10)所对应的含量作为定量限, 本方法中6种丁香酚类化合物检出限均为0.007 mg/kg, 定量限均为0.02 mg/kg, 满足国家标准要求。
取牛乳粉和羊乳粉两种空白样品进行0.02、0.04、0.10 mg/kg 3个不同浓度水平的加标水平, 分别按照1.3的前处理方法和1.2的气相色谱-质谱分析条件进行检测, 平行测定6次, 计算平均回收率以及相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD), 结果见表3
结果表明, 在牛乳粉和羊乳粉两种基质样品中, 6种丁香酚类物质的3个不同浓度水平的加标平均回收率在97.3%~105.0%之间, RSDs在0.3%~3.7%之间, 说明该测实验方法准确度高, 精密度好, 满足国家标准要求。
使用本研究建立的前处理及检测方法测定婴幼儿配方牛乳粉和羊乳粉各20批次, 结果显示, 所有样品均未检测出以上6种丁香酚类物质。
本研究建立了一种同时测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中丁香酚、甲基丁香酚、异丁香酚、顺式-甲基异丁香酚、乙酸丁香酚酯和乙酰基异丁香酚的气相色谱-质谱检测方法。样品经乙腈提取, 乙腈饱和正己烷净化除脂。该方法前处理操作简便、快捷, 检测方法灵敏度高、稳定性好, 6种丁香类物质在考察的线性范围内呈良好的线性关系, 平均回收率在97.3%~105.0%之间, RSDs在0.3%~3.7%之间, 且定量限较低(均为0.02 mg/kg)。本研究提出的婴幼儿配方乳粉中6种丁香酚类物质的检测方法, 适用于婴幼儿配方乳粉中丁香酚类物质的快速定性和定量分析, 以期为婴幼儿配方乳粉的市场监管和食品安全检测提供技术支撑, 也为后续相关研究提供可参考的内容。
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241125002
  • 接收时间:2024-11-25
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
  • 出版时间:2025-03-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-25
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    中国质量认证中心有限公司, 北京 100070

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* 蔡慧敏(1991—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全与分析。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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