Article(id=1153986788461896232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240903002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725292800000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753061490407, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1736870400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753061490407, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753061490407, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753061490407, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153986777279877909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753061487741, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757901302572, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1174286432060453412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1174286432060453413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1, endPage=7, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153986789149762091, articleId=1153986788461896232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Application of gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry technology in the origin traceability of animal and plant-derived foods, columnId=1153986581653349021, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Application of Modern Analysis Instrument in Food Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Food origin traceability technology is an important technical means for the effective implementation of food origin traceability and the protection of regional brands and specialty products. China has established a number of food safety standard systems, including “geographical indications of Chinese agricultural products”. There is an increasing demand for food origin discrimination at home and abroad, and the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are closely related to food origin, which can be used to characterize the differences between different products of the same kind of food. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) technology is a new technology developed in recent years for the determination of VOCs, which has the advantages of good separation effect, fast detection speed and high sensitivity, and has the potential to become an effective technical means for origin tracing. This paper introduced the working principle and characteristics of GC-IMS technology, summarized the progress of the application of GC-IMS technology in the origin traceability of animal and plant-derived foods in recent years, and discussed the future development direction of GC-IMS technology, in order to provide technical reference for the continuous expansion of the application of GC-IMS technology in the origin traceability of food.

, correspAuthors=Zhen-Ping LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ke-Jing PANG, Zhen-Ping LIU, Xue-Jian ZHANG, Fang-Yuan GAN, Rong JIANG, Dao-Qi LONG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153986789535638062, articleId=1153986788461896232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术在动植物源食品产地溯源中的应用, columnId=1153986778571723567, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=专题:现代分析仪器在食品检测中的应用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

食品产地溯源技术对于有效开展食品原产地追溯、保护地方品牌和特色产品具有重要的意义。我国已建立了包括“中国农产品地理标志”在内的多个食品安全标准体系。随着时间的推移, 国内外对食品产地判别的需求日益增加, 挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compounds, VOCs)特征与食品产地密切相关, 可用于表征不同产品同种食品间的差异。气相色谱-离子迁移谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, GC-IMS)技术是近年来发展起来的用于VOCs测定的新技术, 具有分离效果好、检测速度快、灵敏度高优点, 有潜力成为有效的产地溯源技术手段。本文介绍了GC-IMS技术的工作原理和特点, 总结了近年来GC-IMS技术在动植物源食品产地溯源中的应用进展, 探讨了GC-IMS技术未来的发展方向, 以期为GC-IMS技术在食品产地溯源中应用的持续拓展提供技术参考。

, correspAuthors=刘振平, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*刘振平(1986—), 男, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全控制与功能性食品。E-mail:
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庞钶靖(1985—), 女, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检测与质量控制。E-mail:

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庞钶靖(1985—), 女, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检测与质量控制。E-mail:

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Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2017, 409(16): 3933-3942., articleTitle=Resolution- optimized headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) for non-targeted olive oil profiling, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1174665418712170533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986788461896232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=45, issue=5, pageStart=118, pageEnd=125, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=87, authorNames=何婉琳, 施露, 林梦桦, journalName=食品科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何婉琳, 施露, 林梦桦, 等. 基于气相色谱-离子迁移谱分析不同产地秋月梨品质差异[J]. 食品科学, 2024, 45(5): 118-125., articleTitle=基于气相色谱-离子迁移谱分析不同产地秋月梨品质差异, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1174665418787668006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986788461896232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=45, issue=5, pageStart=118, pageEnd=125, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=88, authorNames=HE WL, SHI L, LIN MH, journalName=Food Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HE WL, SHI L, LIN MH, et al. Quality analysis of ‘Akizuki’ pear fruit (Pyrus pyrifolia) from different geographical origins by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry[J]. 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Application of GC-IMS technology in traceability of animal-derived food

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分析对象 分析目的 化学计量学方法 可鉴定的挥发性有机化合物数量 挥发性有机物种类名称 文献
海参 产地溯源 - 83 醛类、酮类、醇类、酯类、烯烃类、酸类、吡嗪类、呋喃类、硫醚类 [19]
白虾 产地溯源 PCA 18 醛类、酮类、醇类、吡嗪类、呋喃类 [20]
鱼露 产地溯源 - 37 醛类、含硫化合物、酯类、醇类、苯、酮类、酸类 [21]
虾酱 产地溯源 - 55 醇类、酯类、醛类、酸类、酮类、吡嗪类、含硫化合物 [22]
产地溯源 - 53 醇类、酯类、醛类、酮类、含硫化合物 [23]
驴乳粉 产地溯源 PCA 53 醇类、醛类、酮类、酸类、酯类、萜烯类、呋喃类、含硫化合物 [24]
羊肉 产地溯源 PCA 36 酮类、醇类、醛类、酯类、吡嗪类、呋喃类、含硫化合物 [13]
火腿 产地溯源 PCA、MFA 45 醛类、酮类、醇类、酸类、酯类、酚类、杂环化合物、含氮化合物 [25]
烟熏鸡 产地溯源 PCA、PLS-DA、OPLS-DA 34 醛类、醇类、酮类、碳氢化合物、杂环化合物、酯类、醚类、酚类。 [26]
), ArticleFig(id=1174665412341023690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986788461896232, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

GC-IMS技术在动物源食品溯源中的应用

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分析对象 分析目的 化学计量学方法 可鉴定的挥发性有机化合物数量 挥发性有机物种类名称 文献
海参 产地溯源 - 83 醛类、酮类、醇类、酯类、烯烃类、酸类、吡嗪类、呋喃类、硫醚类 [19]
白虾 产地溯源 PCA 18 醛类、酮类、醇类、吡嗪类、呋喃类 [20]
鱼露 产地溯源 - 37 醛类、含硫化合物、酯类、醇类、苯、酮类、酸类 [21]
虾酱 产地溯源 - 55 醇类、酯类、醛类、酸类、酮类、吡嗪类、含硫化合物 [22]
产地溯源 - 53 醇类、酯类、醛类、酮类、含硫化合物 [23]
驴乳粉 产地溯源 PCA 53 醇类、醛类、酮类、酸类、酯类、萜烯类、呋喃类、含硫化合物 [24]
羊肉 产地溯源 PCA 36 酮类、醇类、醛类、酯类、吡嗪类、呋喃类、含硫化合物 [13]
火腿 产地溯源 PCA、MFA 45 醛类、酮类、醇类、酸类、酯类、酚类、杂环化合物、含氮化合物 [25]
烟熏鸡 产地溯源 PCA、PLS-DA、OPLS-DA 34 醛类、醇类、酮类、碳氢化合物、杂环化合物、酯类、醚类、酚类。 [26]
), ArticleFig(id=1174665412424909771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986788461896232, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Application of GC-IMS technology in traceability of plant-derived food

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分析对象 分析目的 化学计量学方法 可鉴定的挥发性有机化合物数量 挥发性有机物种类名称 文献
香稻米 产地溯源 PCA 38 酮类、醛类、醇类、呋喃、醚类、吡啶类、芳香烃类、单萜类 [33]
小麦粉 产地溯源 PCA 66 醛类、醇类、酮类、酯类、酸类、酚类、呋喃类、烯类 [34]
柑橘 产地溯源 PCA 48 醛类、酸类、酯类、酮类、醇类、酚类烯烃类、吡嗪类、萜类、含硫化合物 [35]
柚子 产地溯源 PCA 38 酯类、萜类、醇类、酮类、醛类 [36]
产地溯源 PCA 16 酯类、醇类、含硫化合物、酮类、醛类 [37]
产地溯源 PCA 43 酯类、醇类、醛类、酮类 [38]
枣果 产地溯源 PCA 74 醛类、醇类、酯类、酮类、酸类、酚类、其他化合物 [39]
水蜜桃 产地溯源 PCA 74 酯类、醇类、酮类、醛类、烯
烃类
[40]
苹果 产地溯源 PCA 54 酯类、醛类、醇类、酸类、酮类 [41]
芋头 产地溯源 PCA 26 酯类、醛类、烯类、醇类、酮类 [42]
生姜 产地溯源 PCA 60 萜烯类、醛类、醇类、酯类、酮类、酸类、醚类、吡嗪类 [43]
香椿 产地溯源 PCA 76 醇类、酯类、吡嗪类、酮类、萜类化合物、有机硫化物、醛类、酸类、酚类 [44]
产地溯源 PCA 61 醛类、酮类、酯类、醇类、呋喃类、酸类 [45]
产地溯源 PCA、PLS-DA 43 酚类、碳氢化合物、杂氧化合物、吡咯类、酯类、酸类、酮类、醇类、醛类 [46]
产地溯源 PCA 99 醛类、醇类、酯类、杂环类、酮类、烯类、萜烯类、酸类 [47]
产地溯源 PLS-DA 120 醛类、烯烃类、醇类、酮类、酯类、羧酸类、呋喃类、吡嗪类、醚类、苯系物 [48]
), ArticleFig(id=1174665412508795852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986788461896232, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

GC-IMS技术在植物源食品溯源中的应用

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分析对象 分析目的 化学计量学方法 可鉴定的挥发性有机化合物数量 挥发性有机物种类名称 文献
香稻米 产地溯源 PCA 38 酮类、醛类、醇类、呋喃、醚类、吡啶类、芳香烃类、单萜类 [33]
小麦粉 产地溯源 PCA 66 醛类、醇类、酮类、酯类、酸类、酚类、呋喃类、烯类 [34]
柑橘 产地溯源 PCA 48 醛类、酸类、酯类、酮类、醇类、酚类烯烃类、吡嗪类、萜类、含硫化合物 [35]
柚子 产地溯源 PCA 38 酯类、萜类、醇类、酮类、醛类 [36]
产地溯源 PCA 16 酯类、醇类、含硫化合物、酮类、醛类 [37]
产地溯源 PCA 43 酯类、醇类、醛类、酮类 [38]
枣果 产地溯源 PCA 74 醛类、醇类、酯类、酮类、酸类、酚类、其他化合物 [39]
水蜜桃 产地溯源 PCA 74 酯类、醇类、酮类、醛类、烯
烃类
[40]
苹果 产地溯源 PCA 54 酯类、醛类、醇类、酸类、酮类 [41]
芋头 产地溯源 PCA 26 酯类、醛类、烯类、醇类、酮类 [42]
生姜 产地溯源 PCA 60 萜烯类、醛类、醇类、酯类、酮类、酸类、醚类、吡嗪类 [43]
香椿 产地溯源 PCA 76 醇类、酯类、吡嗪类、酮类、萜类化合物、有机硫化物、醛类、酸类、酚类 [44]
产地溯源 PCA 61 醛类、酮类、酯类、醇类、呋喃类、酸类 [45]
产地溯源 PCA、PLS-DA 43 酚类、碳氢化合物、杂氧化合物、吡咯类、酯类、酸类、酮类、醇类、醛类 [46]
产地溯源 PCA 99 醛类、醇类、酯类、杂环类、酮类、烯类、萜烯类、酸类 [47]
产地溯源 PLS-DA 120 醛类、烯烃类、醇类、酮类、酯类、羧酸类、呋喃类、吡嗪类、醚类、苯系物 [48]
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气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术在动植物源食品产地溯源中的应用
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庞钶靖 1 , 刘振平 1, * , 张学健 2 , 甘芳瑗 1 , 姜容 1 , 龙道崎 1
食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:现代分析仪器在食品检测中的应用 2025,16(1): 1-7
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:现代分析仪器在食品检测中的应用 2025, 16(1): 1-7
气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术在动植物源食品产地溯源中的应用
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庞钶靖1 , 刘振平1, * , 张学健2, 甘芳瑗1, 姜容1, 龙道崎1
作者信息
  • 1.重庆安全技术职业学院, 重庆 404000
  • 2.重庆市万州区疾病预防控制中心, 重庆 404000
  • 庞钶靖(1985—), 女, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检测与质量控制。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*刘振平(1986—), 男, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全控制与功能性食品。E-mail:
Application of gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry technology in the origin traceability of animal and plant-derived foods
Ke-Jing PANG1 , Zhen-Ping LIU1, * , Xue-Jian ZHANG2, Fang-Yuan GAN1, Rong JIANG1, Dao-Qi LONG1
Affiliations
  • 1. Chongqing Vocational Institute of Safety & Technology, Chongqing 404000, China
  • 2. Chongqing Wanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 404000, China
出版时间: 2025-01-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240903002
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食品产地溯源技术对于有效开展食品原产地追溯、保护地方品牌和特色产品具有重要的意义。我国已建立了包括“中国农产品地理标志”在内的多个食品安全标准体系。随着时间的推移, 国内外对食品产地判别的需求日益增加, 挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compounds, VOCs)特征与食品产地密切相关, 可用于表征不同产品同种食品间的差异。气相色谱-离子迁移谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, GC-IMS)技术是近年来发展起来的用于VOCs测定的新技术, 具有分离效果好、检测速度快、灵敏度高优点, 有潜力成为有效的产地溯源技术手段。本文介绍了GC-IMS技术的工作原理和特点, 总结了近年来GC-IMS技术在动植物源食品产地溯源中的应用进展, 探讨了GC-IMS技术未来的发展方向, 以期为GC-IMS技术在食品产地溯源中应用的持续拓展提供技术参考。

气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术  /  动植物源食品  /  产地溯源

Food origin traceability technology is an important technical means for the effective implementation of food origin traceability and the protection of regional brands and specialty products. China has established a number of food safety standard systems, including “geographical indications of Chinese agricultural products”. There is an increasing demand for food origin discrimination at home and abroad, and the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are closely related to food origin, which can be used to characterize the differences between different products of the same kind of food. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) technology is a new technology developed in recent years for the determination of VOCs, which has the advantages of good separation effect, fast detection speed and high sensitivity, and has the potential to become an effective technical means for origin tracing. This paper introduced the working principle and characteristics of GC-IMS technology, summarized the progress of the application of GC-IMS technology in the origin traceability of animal and plant-derived foods in recent years, and discussed the future development direction of GC-IMS technology, in order to provide technical reference for the continuous expansion of the application of GC-IMS technology in the origin traceability of food.

gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry  /  animal and plant-derived foods  /  origin traceability
庞钶靖, 刘振平, 张学健, 甘芳瑗, 姜容, 龙道崎. 气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术在动植物源食品产地溯源中的应用. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (1) : 1 -7 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240903002
Ke-Jing PANG, Zhen-Ping LIU, Xue-Jian ZHANG, Fang-Yuan GAN, Rong JIANG, Dao-Qi LONG. Application of gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry technology in the origin traceability of animal and plant-derived foods[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (1) : 1 -7 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240903002
动植物源食品是人们日常食物的重要组成部分, 也是营养成分的主要来源。随着人民生活水平地不断提高, 对于优质动植物源农产品的需求越来越大, 然而, 动植物源食品的质量安全问题也随之越来越凸显, 成为影响人们生活的一个严重的社会问题。产地区域是影响食品品质的重要因素, 例如, 汉源红花椒作为汉源县地理标志产品, 其品质明显优于其他产地同一品种的红花椒[1]; 不同产地的油菜花蜂蜜也具有差异化的风味, 准确的产地信息可为消费者的偏好提供指引[2]。一些不法商家为了盲目追求经济利益, 用非优势地区产品冒充优势地区产品, 以次充好。因此, 建立有效的动植物源食品产地溯源技术, 不仅有利于保护优势产地标识和品牌, 而且有助于特殊情况下产品的及时召回, 有效维护消费者权益[3-4]
现阶段, 可以用于食品产地溯源的相关检测技术包括: 稳定同位素分析[5-7]、矿物元素指纹分析[8]、有机成分指纹图谱技术等[9-11]。然而, 这些方法需要耗费大量人力和时间, 前处理会损坏样品, 无法满足快速检测的需求[11]。相比之下, 气相色谱-离子迁移谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, GC-IMS)技术是近年来发展起来的一种新型风味分析方法, 它结合了GC与IMS的技术优势, 样品无需预处理, 能在短时间内分析样品中的风味物质, 并可根据食品的特征风味判别食品产地。其原理是GC通过毛细管束快速加压分离样品, 而IMS则利用电离源将挥发性成分电离成产物离子, 这些离子在常压弱电场中漂移, 根据其结构、质量、电荷和体积的差异实现分离和检测[12]。GC-IMS不仅具有高灵敏度和高分辨率[13-16], 还能获取保留时间、离子迁移时间和离子强度等多维度信息, 为样品识别提供多元依据。目前, 国内外对采用GC-IMS技术在单一食品风味物质分析方面的研究报道较多, 但是利用GC-IMS技术鉴别食品产地的综合性论述较少, 因此, 本文在收集大量文献和开展GC-IMS应用实践的基础上, 综述了近年来GC-IMS技术在食品产地溯源中的应用进展, 并对GC-IMS技术未来的发展方向进行展望, 以期为相关的食品溯源及质量监控提供理论指导。
目前, 关于动物源食品的产地溯源应用研究相对较少, 这可能是由于动物源食品的脂肪和蛋白质含量不仅与产地有关, 还取决于动物饲料的成分和动物喂养方式, 给原产地溯源分析带来干扰和困难[17-18]。GC-IMS技术在风味组学分析方面具有独特的优势, 该技术在水产品、畜禽肉和乳制品等农产品产地溯源的研究正逐步深入, 具体研究成果见表1
水产品因其丰富的营养成分备受人们青睐, 尤其是其中的必需氨基酸和必需脂肪酸, 对人体健康至关重要。然而, 随着市场需求的增加, 劣质产品冒充当地知名品牌的情况屡见不鲜, 不同地区养殖的水产品具有各自独特的风味和质量, 因此建立一种能够识别水产品来源的高效溯源技术显得尤为重要。
近年来, GC-IMS技术在水产品真伪鉴别方面的应用取得了显著进展。通过该技术构建不同地区水产品挥发性香气物质的指纹图谱, 从而为产地溯源奠定基础。目前, 已有研究人员利用该技术建立了表征不同地区盐渍海参挥发性香气物质的指纹图谱, 从中鉴别出83种挥发性物质, 并发现醇、酮类为长岛盐渍海参所特有的风味物质, 而威海和东营的盐渍海参则主要含有酯类化合物, 呈现出截然不同的风味特征。这种方法为我国不同盐渍海参产地鉴别提供了新的参考[19]。此外, 崔保威等[20]也利用GC-IMS技术分析了江苏太湖、安徽巢湖和内蒙古呼伦湖3个产地的秀丽白虾干挥发性风味物质, 其PCA结果表明不同产地白虾干中的挥发性有机物差异较大。江津津等[21]进一步利用该技术构建了汕头、东莞、福建、泰国、越南5个不同产地的传统鱼露挥发性化合物指纹图谱, 研究发现汕头鱼露的挥发性风味物质最为丰富多样, 而东莞鱼露的挥发性风味物质相对较少, 说明GC-IMS技术能较好地识别不同产地样品间挥发性风味差异, 这为深入了解不同产地鱼露的风味特征提供了重要的参考, 对于鱼露生产和品质改进具有一定的指导意义。综上, GC-IMS技术在水产品产地溯源中的应用前景广阔, 不仅能够提供准确的溯源信息, 还能为水产品的加工和品质控制提供科学依据。
牛乳因其丰富的营养成分被誉为最接近完美的食品。随着我国奶业的迅速发展, 国产乳制品已成为国人生活中必不可少的一部分。尽管如此, 对于国内生产的乳及乳制品的安全问题, 人们依然持有疑虑, 因此, 寻找一种强有力的有效的溯源方法变得尤为重要。
为了解决这一问题, CHI等[23]使用GC-IMS技术分析了来自中国不同地区的24种原料奶样品的挥发性风味物质。通过构建指纹图谱, 发现南方和北方牧场的原料奶在挥发性风味上存在显著差异, 其中己醛是区分南北方原料奶的重要标志。此方法对南方和北方牧场的原料奶鉴别效果较好, 但对内蒙古和东北牧场的原料奶鉴别效果有限。韩亚平等[24]采用相同的技术对山东、新疆不同地区的5种驴乳粉进行了挥发性风味物质的检测与分析, 结果显示共鉴定出53种挥发性风味物质, 其中辛酸乙酯、2-甲基丙酸、3-甲基-1-丁醇、1-戊醇二聚体、1-辛醛二聚体、丙酸丁酯、丁酸丁酯和γ-萜品烯被认为是各地区驴乳粉的标志性成分, 这一发现为不同地区驴乳粉风味品质评价和产地鉴别提供技术支持。尽管GC-IMS技术为乳制品的溯源提供了一种有效的手段, 但该技术在某些地区的原料奶鉴别上仍然存在局限性, 这可能与原料奶的化学组成复杂性以及不同地区饲养条件和饲料的差异有关。因此, 未来的研究需要进一步探索和优化GC-IMS技术, 以提高其在乳制品溯源中的准确性和可靠性, 推动我国乳制品行业的健康发展。
畜禽肉作为另一种重要的动物源食品, 其风味和品质同样受到产地的影响。不同种类和产地的肉类样品中的挥发性风味成分存在差异, 通过分析这些挥发性风味成分的差异, 可以创建出基于特定风味化合物的指纹图谱, 进而用于追溯其产地, 实现产地鉴别[27-30]
张蓝月等[13]以青海茶卡、青海玉树、青海祁连、四川、内蒙古、宁夏等6个地区为研究对象, 采用GC-IMS技术, 对其挥发性香气成分进行检测, 共定性出36种挥发性化合物, 这些化合物是羊肉风味的主要贡献者, 其种类和含量对于不同地区羊肉的风味特性具有重要影响, 研究结果表明, 6个产地羊肉风味存在一定差异, 其中青海祁连羊肉风味最为丰富, 该项研究为羊肉风味分析、产地识别提供了新的方法。孟新涛等[31]将GC-IMS与PCA法相结合, 对新疆各主要地区71份羊肉样品的特征风味物质进行测定, 建立了风味指纹图谱, 发现在新疆6个产区所采集的羊肉样本具有各自独特的特征风味物质, 从而快速评估羊肉样品的质量等级, 明确其产地来源, 并判断其是否存在掺假情况。LI等[25]研究了冕宁、诺邓、撒坝、三川、皖花和宣恩6种中国干腌火腿的挥发性有机化合物, 共鉴定出45种挥发性成分, 结果表明, GC-IMS技术是区分不同地区干腌火腿的良好选择。
YAO等[26]则聚焦于中国5种烟熏鸡的特色风味化合物, 通过GC-IMS技术共鉴定出34种风味物质, 其中有20种具有较高变量重要性投影(variable importance in projection, VIP)值的化学物质是造成风味差异的关键因素。由于中国不同地区的原料、配料、制作方法和文化差异, 导致5种中国传统烟熏鸡挥发性成分存在明显异同。多变量数据分析表明, 基于OPLS-DA模型, 能够清晰地区分出不同区域的烟熏鸡。
从上述研究中可以看出, GC-IMS技术结合化学计量学分析方法能较好地鉴别不同肉类产品的风味和产地, 这为肉类产品的质量和真实性提供了可靠的科学依据。
植物源食品品质受产地因素影响较大, 其中挥发性有机化合物是衡量植物源农产品品质的重要指标[32]。近几年, 有关GC-IMS技术用于植物源食品产地溯源的研究主要集中在粮油食品、果蔬和茶叶方面, 具体研究成果见表2
粮油食品安全一直是人们关注的焦点之一, 假冒伪劣会给消费者带来误导, 也对合法企业的经营造成不公平竞争, 因此, 产地溯源检测对粮油食品安全监管、消费者权益保障和品牌保护有着重要作用。
卞景阳等[33]采用GC-IMS技术对黑龙江哈尔滨市、大庆市、佳木斯市3个不同产地香稻米的挥发性物质进行指纹图谱解析, 发现3个不同产地香稻米有明显的特征峰区域, 通过相似度和PCA, 可准确区分和判别3个不同产地的香稻米, 为稻米产地追溯、品种识别提供参考。此外, GERHARDT等[49]的研究也表明, GC-IMS技术能够成功地区分西班牙和意大利的初榨橄榄油, 即使在每个产地组内个体差异很大的情况下, 西班牙橄榄油也能成功地与意大利橄榄油区分开。综上所述, GC-IMS技术的发展与应用, 可以有效地确保粮油食品的真实性和质量, 保护消费者的合法权益, 促进粮油食品市场的公平竞争。
由于同一种果蔬的挥发性有机化合物含量与它们的产地不同有关, 基于此可对果蔬进行产地溯源和质量评价。XU等[35]的研究表明, 利用GC-IMS技术, 可以明显区分金华、广东和云南不同产地柑橘的挥发性风味物质。同样, 何婉琳等[50]通过构建秋月梨果实挥发性香气成分指纹图谱, 不仅明晰了不同产地秋月梨特征挥发性香气成分, 还借助相似度分析揭示了GC-IMS技术具有实现秋月梨产地区分和产地溯源的潜在应用前景。胡航伟等[42]则运用该技术成功地构建了芋头样品产地溯源的可视化指纹图谱, 并通过PCA实现了样品产地的快速区分, 该方法为区分地方特色芋头的地理来源提供了新的维度。此外, 郭家刚等[43]以安徽省铜陵市、舒城县、临泉县3个不同产地生姜为研究对象, 采用GC-IMS技术对其挥发性风味物质进行测定, 构建了不同产地生姜挥发性风味指纹图谱, 通过相似度和PCA实现了生姜的产地鉴别, 为生姜的质量评价提供了新思路。
随着茶叶市场的升温, 消费者越来越热衷于购买来自核心产区的优质茶叶, 而不法商贩在劣质产品上乱贴标签扰乱茶叶市场, 损害消费者和生产者的权益。近年来, GC-IMS技术通过分析不同产地茶叶的挥发性风味物质差异来判别茶叶产地, 为规范茶叶市场提供了有力的技术支持。
为了实现福建省白茶产地的快速鉴别, 罗玉琴等[14]分析了福建5个不同产地白茶的挥发性物质, 发现不同产地白茶都有独特的高含量特征挥发性物质, 这说明GC-IMS技术可以用于建立白茶产地判别模型, 为白茶产地鉴别和原产地保护提供重要的参考依据, 有助于推动茶叶市场的规范化发展。同样, 有研究人员利用GC-IMS对5个产地“汉中仙毫”的挥发性风味物质进行测定, 发现不同产地“汉中仙毫”的风味物质具有明显的差异, 这为“汉中仙毫”的质量控制、产地鉴别、品质评价和品牌保护提供了一种新的思路[45]。甘爽等[46]也将GC-IMS技术应用于我国4个不同产地乌龙茶挥发性风味物质的研究中, 结果表明, 不同产地乌龙茶样品的挥发性物质含量存在显著差异, 这一发现再次验证了GC-IMS技术在茶叶产地溯源与品质鉴别中的广泛应用前景。此外, ZHENG等[47]采用GC-IMS技术对中国4省红茶样品中的99种挥发性化合物进行了鉴定, 其中55种化合物的含量存在显著差异, 经PCA, 该方法可以很好地区分红茶的4个区域, 实现产地溯源。综上所述, GC-IMS技术可以快速、准确地鉴别出茶叶的产地, 为消费者提供更为真实、可靠的产品信息。
GC-IMS技术在食品产地溯源方面发挥着重要的作用, 其应用范围十分广泛。利用该技术对样品进行分析检测, 从而确定其来源及成分组成, 为食品安全提供可靠依据。近几年, 随着科技的不断进步, 水产品、畜禽肉类、乳类、酒类、粮油制品、果蔬以及茶叶等众多类别的产品都实现了溯源技术的突破[18]。但该技术在样品的全面表征和准确定量分析方面还存在一定的局限性。(1)不具备完善的GC-IMS数据库, 导致不能用于全面的定性检索; (2)溯源对象比较不全面, 主要集中在部分动植物源食品上, 随着研究的深入, 会逐步建立完整的GC-IMS数据库, 以满足挥发性成分定性、定量要求。未来发展的方向之一是结合其他检测技术以扩大溯源和鉴别的范围和效果, 比如与质谱仪联用可以提供四维可视化数据: 保留时间、离子强度、漂移时间和峰面积, 提高挥发性化合物的检测和覆盖率, 从而提高了定量的准确性和动态范围。
  • 重庆市万州区博士“直通车”科研项目(wzstc-20220131)
  • 重庆市万州区科研项目(wzstc-20230216)
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2025年第16卷第1期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240903002
  • 接收时间:2024-09-03
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
  • 出版时间:2025-01-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-03
基金
重庆市万州区博士“直通车”科研项目(wzstc-20220131)
重庆市万州区科研项目(wzstc-20230216)
作者信息
    1.重庆安全技术职业学院, 重庆 404000
    2.重庆市万州区疾病预防控制中心, 重庆 404000

通讯作者:

*刘振平(1986—), 男, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全控制与功能性食品。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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