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Article(id=1153986779339281217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241004002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1727971200000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753061488231, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1736870400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753061488231, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753061488231, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753061488231, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153986777279877909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753061487741, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757901302572, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1174286432060453412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1174286432060453413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986777279877909, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=294, endPage=301, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153986779842597707, articleId=1153986779339281217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Synthesis of Au-Pt bimetallic nanozymes with dual-enzyme activity and its application in organophosphorus pesticides detection, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To synthesize a Au-Pt bimetallic nanozymes (Au-PtNFs) with oxidase and peroxidase dual-enzyme activity, and apply them in detection of organophosphorus pesticide. Methods The 3 kinds of Au-PtNFs were prepared through seed-mediated method by adjusting the amount of chloroplatinic acid, and their enzyme activities were determined using 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the substrate. The nanozyme exhibiting the highest enzyme activity was selected and combined with the catalytic effect of acetylcholinesterase to establish a detection method for organophosphorus pesticide. Results The 3 kinds of prepared nanozymes all had flower-like structures, and the particle size enhanced with the increasement of chloroplatinic acid concentration. Steady-state dynamic experiments showed that all bimetallic nanozymes had dual-enzyme activity, and the best enzyme activity was obtained when the concentration of chloroplatinic acid was 5 mmol/L. Absorption at 620 nm exhibited a good linear correlation with the logarithm of chlorpyrifos concentration in the range of 40-90 nmol/L, and the limit of detection was 1.00 nmol/L. The method demonstrated excellent specificity and anti-interference ability, and achieved great recovery rate in real samples. Color value analysis software was used for the detection of chlorpyrifos based on smartphone. The linear range was 30-100 nmol/L and the limit of detection was 1.06 nmol/L. Conclusion The prepared Au-PtNFs exhibiting dual-enzyme activity are effectively utilized for detection of organophosphorus pesticides, which offers a novel perspective for visual detection of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables.

, correspAuthors=Juan DU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ting-Rui FU, Yue-Yue FENG, Xiang GENG, Juan DU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153986820359573617, articleId=1153986779339281217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=双酶活性金-铂双金属复合纳米酶的合成及其在有机磷农药检测中的应用, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 合成具有氧化酶及过氧化酶双酶活性的金-铂双金属复合纳米酶(Au-Pt bimetallic nanozymes, Au-PtNFs), 并将其应用于有机磷农药检测中。方法 采用种子介导法, 通过调整氯铂酸用量成功制备了3种Au-PtNFs, 并以3,3’,5,5’-四甲基联苯胺(3,3’5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB)为底物测定其酶活性。选择酶活性最强的一种纳米酶, 结合乙酰胆碱酯酶的催化作用, 建立有机磷农药检测方法。结果 合成的3种纳米酶均具有花状结构, 且粒径随氯铂酸用量增大而增大; 稳态动力学实验表明其均具有双酶活性且氯铂酸浓度为5 mmol/L时合成的纳米酶的酶活性最好; 以毒死蜱为目标物, 在40~90 nmol/L范围内, 620 nm处的吸光值与毒死蜱浓度对数呈良好的线性关系, 检出限为1.00 nmol/L, 同时方法具有良好的特异性和抗干扰能力, 在实际样品检测中回收率较好。利用色值分析软件实现了基于智能手机的毒死蜱检测, 线性范围为30~100 nmol/L, 检出限为1.06 nmol/L。结论 本研究成功将具有双酶活性的Au-PtNFs应用于有机磷农药检测, 为果蔬中有机磷农药可视化检测提供了一种新思路。

, correspAuthors=杜娟, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*杜娟(1986—), 女, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为食品污染物快速检测。E-mail:
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付廷锐(1997—), 女, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品农兽药残留快速检测。E-mail:

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付廷锐(1997—), 女, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品农兽药残留快速检测。E-mail:

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付廷锐(1997—), 女, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品农兽药残留快速检测。E-mail:

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Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2015, 137(43): 13957-13963., articleTitle=Single nanoparticle to 3D supercage: Framing for an artificial enzyme system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1174370020890132764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=146, issue=null, pageStart=111756, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=38, authorNames=ZHU X, GAO L, TANG L, journalName=Biosensors and Bioelectronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU X, GAO L, TANG L, et al. Ultrathin PtNi nanozyme based self-powered photoelectrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive chloramphenicol detection[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2019, 146: 111756., articleTitle=Ultrathin PtNi nanozyme based self-powered photoelectrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive chloramphenicol detection, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1174370020994990366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=1, issue=8, pageStart=2789, pageEnd=2796, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=39, authorNames=LIN LY, MA HF, YANG CL, journalName=Materials Advances, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIN LY, MA HF, YANG CL, et al. A colorimetric sensing platform based on self-assembled 3D porous CeGONR nanozymes for label-free visual detection of organophosphate pesticides[J]. Materials Advances, 2020, 1(8): 2789-2796., articleTitle=A colorimetric sensing platform based on self-assembled 3D porous CeGONR nanozymes for label-free visual detection of organophosphate pesticides, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1174370021053710624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=7, issue=null, pageStart=100212, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=40, authorNames=ZAHRA JF, MILAD G, journalName=Talanta Open, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZAHRA JF, MILAD G. Magnetic carbonized cellulose-MIL 101 (Fe) composite as a sorbent for magnetic solid phase extraction of selected organophosphorus pesticides combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection[J]. Talanta Open, 2023, 7: 100212., articleTitle=Magnetic carbonized cellulose-MIL 101 (Fe) composite as a sorbent for magnetic solid phase extraction of selected organophosphorus pesticides combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1174370021150179618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=430, issue=null, pageStart=137062, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=41, authorNames=LUO L, LIU J, LIU Y, journalName=Food Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUO L, LIU J, LIU Y, et al. In situ formation of fluorescence species for the detection of alkaline phosphatase and organophosphorus pesticide via the ascorbate oxidase mimetic activity of AgPd bimetallic nanoflowers[J]. Food Chemistry, 2024, 430: 137062., articleTitle=In situ formation of fluorescence species for the detection of alkaline phosphatase and organophosphorus pesticide via the ascorbate oxidase mimetic activity of AgPd bimetallic nanoflowers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1174370021229871396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=216, issue=null, pageStart=114659, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=42, authorNames=ZHANG L, SUN YX, ZHANG ZY, journalName=Biosensors and Bioelectronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG L, SUN YX, ZHANG ZY, et al. Portable and durable sensor based on porous MOFs hybrid sponge for fluorescent-visual detection of organophosphorus pesticide[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2022, 216: 114659., articleTitle=Portable and durable sensor based on porous MOFs hybrid sponge for fluorescent-visual detection of organophosphorus pesticide, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1174370021330534694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=432, issue=null, pageStart=137272, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=43, authorNames=LIU SL, ZHOU JT, YUAN X, journalName=Food Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU SL, ZHOU JT, YUAN X, et al. A dual-mode sensing platform based on metal-organic framework for colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent detection of organophosphorus pesticide[J]. Food Chemistry, 2024, 432: 137272., articleTitle=A dual-mode sensing platform based on metal-organic framework for colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent detection of organophosphorus pesticide, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1174370017178173643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, awardId=31901774, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(31901774), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1174370012606382161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1174370012610576466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, companyId=1174370012606382161, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1174370012618965075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, companyId=1174370012606382161, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=江西农业大学食品科学与工程学院, 南昌 330045)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1174370014992941204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Mechanism of OPs detection based on dual-enzyme activity of Au-PtNFs, figureFileSmall=L8XuCBOviQSMEP6n/rDMJQ==, figureFileBig=GKSg22vYgrExKn25vMy5CA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015072632982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=图1, caption=基于Au-PtNFs双酶活性的OPs检测机制

注: 六水合氯铂酸(H2PtCl6·6H2O); L-抗坏血酸(L-ascorbic acid, AA); 过氧化氢(H2O2); 3,3’,5,5’-四甲基联苯胺(3,3’5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB)。

, figureFileSmall=L8XuCBOviQSMEP6n/rDMJQ==, figureFileBig=GKSg22vYgrExKn25vMy5CA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015190073497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=HRTEM (A-D) and particle size distribution (E-F) figures of nanozymes, figureFileSmall=b0U32xPtRRTs6dkB4EOGoA==, figureFileBig=b1lesSantBKov4NSkghHyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015341068444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=图2, caption=纳米酶的HRTEM (A~D)及粒径分布(E~F)图

注: A、E为AuNPs; B、F为Au-Pt1NFs; C、G为Au-Pt2NFs; D、H为Au-Pt5NFs。

, figureFileSmall=b0U32xPtRRTs6dkB4EOGoA==, figureFileBig=b1lesSantBKov4NSkghHyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015445926047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=EDS element figures of nanozymes, figureFileSmall=KF4e74cNp/ytc8IRhJZ8gA==, figureFileBig=/P0tlA/YR/SJg3iiuamYjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015521423521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=图3, caption=纳米酶的EDS元素映射图

注: A~C为Au-Pt1NFs; D~F为Au-Pt2NFs; G~I为Au-Pt5NFs。

, figureFileSmall=KF4e74cNp/ytc8IRhJZ8gA==, figureFileBig=/P0tlA/YR/SJg3iiuamYjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015609503908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Dynamic light scattering (A) and Zeta potentials (B) figures of nanozymes, figureFileSmall=5/pBAseVwl2hMuUmZh/03A==, figureFileBig=Zwq7KeD0vXt7ATM3i0bKfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015697584295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=图4, caption=纳米酶的动态光散射(A)和Zeta电位(B)图, figureFileSmall=5/pBAseVwl2hMuUmZh/03A==, figureFileBig=Zwq7KeD0vXt7ATM3i0bKfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015764693162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=XRD patterns of nanozymes, figureFileSmall=39pDarFqQUgpniRfDdfE5w==, figureFileBig=JgPHP/SRqiLnu3kgR28pYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015840190636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=图5, caption=纳米酶的XRD图, figureFileSmall=39pDarFqQUgpniRfDdfE5w==, figureFileBig=JgPHP/SRqiLnu3kgR28pYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370015932465324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Enzyme activity of nanozymes, figureFileSmall=cinfrPGk1BOhhKL+Qta9XA==, figureFileBig=2bMfsgVuRJ+joaLLfcO1Ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370016016351407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=图6, caption=纳米酶的酶活性, figureFileSmall=cinfrPGk1BOhhKL+Qta9XA==, figureFileBig=2bMfsgVuRJ+joaLLfcO1Ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370016079265968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Plots of OD620 and G/B ratio versus chlorpyrifos, figureFileSmall=ihJ19/CamjgNTA5AxMpJgA==, figureFileBig=ReicKpYIH0naN7ipg2VEBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370016184123571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=图7, caption=OD620和G/B比值与毒死蜱关系图

注: A. OD620与毒死蜱浓度关系; B. OD620与毒死蜱浓度对数的线性关系; C. G/B比值与毒死蜱浓度关系; D. G/B比值与不同浓度毒死蜱对数的线性关系图。A、C小图. 不同浓度毒死蜱加入量反应体系颜色手机拍摄照片。

, figureFileSmall=ihJ19/CamjgNTA5AxMpJgA==, figureFileBig=ReicKpYIH0naN7ipg2VEBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370016259621045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Reaction system specificity test (A) and anti-interference ability test (B), figureFileSmall=WF8W6Mn1+vfdAQc7ymFuaA==, figureFileBig=5hP78aGnhko/R+eIVzPoFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370016335118520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=图8, caption=反应体系特异性检测(A)与抗干扰能力检测(B)

注: a. 毒死蜱; b. 双甲基脒; c. 溴氰菊酯; d. Fe3+; e. Al3+; f. K+; g. Na+; h. Cu2+; i. Mg+; j. Cr3+; k. 抗坏血酸; l. 没食子酸; m. 柠檬酸; n. 牛血清蛋白; o. 葡萄糖。

, figureFileSmall=WF8W6Mn1+vfdAQc7ymFuaA==, figureFileBig=5hP78aGnhko/R+eIVzPoFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1174370016427393211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Dynamic parameters of nanozymes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
纳米酶 物质 Km/(mmol/L) Vmax/[10-8 mol/(L•s)] 参考文献
Au-Pt1NFs H2O2 4.30 1.85 本研究
TMB 1.20 2.23
Au-Pt2NFs H2O2 7.66 3.95 本研究
TMB 0.51 2.47
Au-Pt5NFs H2O2 13.71 14.29 本研究
TMB 0.15 10.00
HRP H2O2 3.70 8.71 [34]
TMB 0.43 10.00
), ArticleFig(id=1174370016553222333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

纳米酶的动力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
纳米酶 物质 Km/(mmol/L) Vmax/[10-8 mol/(L•s)] 参考文献
Au-Pt1NFs H2O2 4.30 1.85 本研究
TMB 1.20 2.23
Au-Pt2NFs H2O2 7.66 3.95 本研究
TMB 0.51 2.47
Au-Pt5NFs H2O2 13.71 14.29 本研究
TMB 0.15 10.00
HRP H2O2 3.70 8.71 [34]
TMB 0.43 10.00
), ArticleFig(id=1174370016649691328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Detection results of chlorpyrifos in real samples (n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 添加量/(nmol/L) 检出量/(nmol/L) 加标
回收率/%		 相对标准
偏差/%
自来水 0 — — —
40 42.62 106.54 4.59
50 47.06 94.13 3.17
70 66.61 95.16 4.22
苹果 0 — — —
40 44.12 110.31 2.18
60 58.86 106.68 0.61
70 68.33 97.61 0.70
黄瓜 0 — — —
40 42.15 105.37 4.46
50 53.70 107.40 4.61
70 65.42 93.45 0.67
番茄 0 — — —
40 42.72 106.80 2.86
50 52.73 105.47 1.71
70 68.36 97.66 2.43
), ArticleFig(id=1174370016758743235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986779339281217, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

实际样品中毒死蜱检测结果(n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 添加量/(nmol/L) 检出量/(nmol/L) 加标
回收率/%		 相对标准
偏差/%
自来水 0 — — —
40 42.62 106.54 4.59
50 47.06 94.13 3.17
70 66.61 95.16 4.22
苹果 0 — — —
40 44.12 110.31 2.18
60 58.86 106.68 0.61
70 68.33 97.61 0.70
黄瓜 0 — — —
40 42.15 105.37 4.46
50 53.70 107.40 4.61
70 65.42 93.45 0.67
番茄 0 — — —
40 42.72 106.80 2.86
50 52.73 105.47 1.71
70 68.36 97.66 2.43
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双酶活性金-铂双金属复合纳米酶的合成及其在有机磷农药检测中的应用
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付廷锐 , 冯月月 , 耿响 , 杜娟 *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(1): 294-301
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(1): 294-301
双酶活性金-铂双金属复合纳米酶的合成及其在有机磷农药检测中的应用
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付廷锐 , 冯月月, 耿响, 杜娟*
作者信息
  • 江西农业大学食品科学与工程学院, 南昌 330045

    • 付廷锐(1997—), 女, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品农兽药残留快速检测。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*杜娟(1986—), 女, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为食品污染物快速检测。E-mail:
Synthesis of Au-Pt bimetallic nanozymes with dual-enzyme activity and its application in organophosphorus pesticides detection
Ting-Rui FU , Yue-Yue FENG, Xiang GENG, Juan DU*
Affiliations
  • College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
出版时间: 2025-01-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241004002
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摘要
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目的 合成具有氧化酶及过氧化酶双酶活性的金-铂双金属复合纳米酶(Au-Pt bimetallic nanozymes, Au-PtNFs), 并将其应用于有机磷农药检测中。方法 采用种子介导法, 通过调整氯铂酸用量成功制备了3种Au-PtNFs, 并以3,3’,5,5’-四甲基联苯胺(3,3’5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB)为底物测定其酶活性。选择酶活性最强的一种纳米酶, 结合乙酰胆碱酯酶的催化作用, 建立有机磷农药检测方法。结果 合成的3种纳米酶均具有花状结构, 且粒径随氯铂酸用量增大而增大; 稳态动力学实验表明其均具有双酶活性且氯铂酸浓度为5 mmol/L时合成的纳米酶的酶活性最好; 以毒死蜱为目标物, 在40~90 nmol/L范围内, 620 nm处的吸光值与毒死蜱浓度对数呈良好的线性关系, 检出限为1.00 nmol/L, 同时方法具有良好的特异性和抗干扰能力, 在实际样品检测中回收率较好。利用色值分析软件实现了基于智能手机的毒死蜱检测, 线性范围为30~100 nmol/L, 检出限为1.06 nmol/L。结论 本研究成功将具有双酶活性的Au-PtNFs应用于有机磷农药检测, 为果蔬中有机磷农药可视化检测提供了一种新思路。

双金属复合纳米酶  /  比色法  /  乙酰胆碱酯酶  /  有机磷农药  /  智能手机

Objective To synthesize a Au-Pt bimetallic nanozymes (Au-PtNFs) with oxidase and peroxidase dual-enzyme activity, and apply them in detection of organophosphorus pesticide. Methods The 3 kinds of Au-PtNFs were prepared through seed-mediated method by adjusting the amount of chloroplatinic acid, and their enzyme activities were determined using 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the substrate. The nanozyme exhibiting the highest enzyme activity was selected and combined with the catalytic effect of acetylcholinesterase to establish a detection method for organophosphorus pesticide. Results The 3 kinds of prepared nanozymes all had flower-like structures, and the particle size enhanced with the increasement of chloroplatinic acid concentration. Steady-state dynamic experiments showed that all bimetallic nanozymes had dual-enzyme activity, and the best enzyme activity was obtained when the concentration of chloroplatinic acid was 5 mmol/L. Absorption at 620 nm exhibited a good linear correlation with the logarithm of chlorpyrifos concentration in the range of 40-90 nmol/L, and the limit of detection was 1.00 nmol/L. The method demonstrated excellent specificity and anti-interference ability, and achieved great recovery rate in real samples. Color value analysis software was used for the detection of chlorpyrifos based on smartphone. The linear range was 30-100 nmol/L and the limit of detection was 1.06 nmol/L. Conclusion The prepared Au-PtNFs exhibiting dual-enzyme activity are effectively utilized for detection of organophosphorus pesticides, which offers a novel perspective for visual detection of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables.

bimetallic nanozymes  /  colorimetric method  /  acetylcholinesterase  /  organophosphorus pesticides  /  smartphone
付廷锐, 冯月月, 耿响, 杜娟. 双酶活性金-铂双金属复合纳米酶的合成及其在有机磷农药检测中的应用. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (1) : 294 -301 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241004002
Ting-Rui FU, Yue-Yue FENG, Xiang GENG, Juan DU. Synthesis of Au-Pt bimetallic nanozymes with dual-enzyme activity and its application in organophosphorus pesticides detection[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (1) : 294 -301 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241004002
正文
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0 引言
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近年来, 兼具纳米特性和模拟酶活性的纳米酶因其相较于天然酶具有合成简单, 稳定性好, 储存方便, 成本低廉等优势引起了研究人员的广泛关注[1-4]。金基纳米酶是研究最多的几种纳米酶之一[5-6], 目前已报道其具有多种模拟酶活性, 如氧化酶、过氧化酶、葡萄糖氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶等[7-9], 但裸露的金纳米颗粒容易聚集形成纳米团簇, 使其酶活性降低, 在实际应用过程中仍然受到限制[10]。因此, 选择合适的方法来提高金基纳米酶的活性仍具有很大的挑战。金属合金纳米酶是一类由两种或两种以上贵金属经过混合而得到的合金化合物, 与单金属纳米酶相比, 其更加稳定, 且由于多种组分的协同效应和电子效应表现出更加优越的酶活性[11-13]。目前已有设计合成金基双金属复合纳米酶来提高金基纳米酶的催化活性的报道。SINGH等[14]采用种子介导法成功合成了钯-金双金属纳米棒, 表现出优异的过氧化物酶活性, 其活性与辣根过氧化酶相当。XU等[15]采用种子介导法以及一锅法成功合成了金-锇、金-铂、金-钯3种双金属核壳纳米酶, 与其单金属纳米酶(锇、铂和钯)相比, 其过氧化物酶活性分别增大了5.46、1.78、4.26倍。
有机磷农药(organophosphorus pesticide, OPs)是一类高效、广谱、毒性强的农药, 在防治病虫害和杂草, 显著提高作物产量等方面发挥着重要的作用[16-17]。但是, 农药的滥用、误用以及处置不当会导致大量农药残留不可避免地积累并通过食物链进入人体, 会对人类身体健康造成影响[18-20]。OPs的毒性在很大程度上依赖于其对中枢和周围神经系统的乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase, AChE)的不可逆抑制作用。以此建立的酶活性抑制法测定OPs含量, 因具有操作简单、稳定性好、灵敏度高等优点, 受到了研究人员的关注。其机制是乙酰胆碱(acetylcholine, ATCh)会被AChE催化水解产生胆碱(choline, TCh), 而在AChE抑制剂OPs的存在下, AChE的活性被不可逆的抑制, 使TCh生成量减少, 所以OPs含量的高低可以根据TCh的生成量来判定[20]。近年来, 基于金基纳米酶的酶活性及OPs对AChE的抑制作用来实现OPs的定量检测已有相当多的研究[21-24]。这些研究将TCh对纳米酶酶活性的抑制作用以及OPs对AChE的抑制作用相结合实现OPs的定量检测。目前, 大多数用于检测的金基纳米酶材料以单金属金纳米酶为主, 而金基双金属复合纳米酶在相关检测方面的研究较少。
本研究利用种子介导法, 基于植物生物质还原法制备的金种子(gold nanoparticles, AuNPs), 通过改变氯铂酸用量, 成功制备了3种金-铂双金属复合纳米酶(Au-Pt bimetallic nanozymes, Au-PtNFs)并考察了其模拟酶活性, 筛选出酶活性最好的一种纳米酶, 结合纳米酶的酶活性及OPs对AChE的抑制作用, 建立OPs毒死蜱检测方法, 具体机制如图1所示。本研究将Au-PtNFs用于OPs检测, 为果蔬中OPs可视化检测提供了一种新思路。
1 材料与方法
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1.1 材料与试剂
百合花、黄瓜、番茄、苹果(南昌市售)。
四水合氯金酸(分析纯, 北京国药集团化学试剂有限公司); 六水合氯铂酸、AA、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP)、氢氧化钠(NaOH)、乙酸、无水乙酸钠(分析纯, 上海麦克林生化科技有限公司); H2O2(分析纯, 四川西陇科学股份有限公司); TMB(分析纯)、磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.4, 10 mmol/L)(北京索莱宝科技有限公司); 毒死蜱标准品(99.99%, 常州坛墨质检科技有限公司); AChE、ATCh(分析纯, 上海源叶生物有限公司)。
1.2 仪器与设备
SPECORD2W紫外可见分光光度计(德国耶拿分析仪器股份公司); JEM-2800透射电子显微镜(日本电子株式会社); Nanobrook Omni纳米激光粒度仪(德国布鲁克海文仪器公司); D8 X-射线衍射仪(德国斯派克光谱仪有限公司); HC-2518R高速冷冻离心机(安徽中科中佳科学仪器有限公司); ESCALAB-350能谱仪(上海铂悦仪器有限公司); Multiskan FC型酶标仪[赛默飞世尔(上海)仪器有限公司]。
1.3 实验方法
1.3.1 纳米酶的制备
AuNPs的制备[25]: 将预先处理好的15 mg百合花瓣粉末置于装有20 mL超纯水的锥形瓶中, 随后加入5 mL 5 mmol/L氯金酸溶液及20 mL超纯水, 混匀, 用NaOH溶液调pH至10, 恒温磁力搅拌器上以80 ℃, 600 r/min的条件搅拌0.5 h, 反应完成后, 真空过滤, 将获得的溶液定容至25 mL, -4 ℃保存备用。
双金属复合纳米酶的制备: 在锥形瓶中加入2 mL预先制备好的AuNPs, 随后加入1 mL 1% PVP、3 mL抗坏血酸(0.1 mol/L)和5 mL不同浓度氯铂酸(1、2、5 mmol/L), 用超纯水补至总体积为25 mL, 在恒温磁力搅拌器上以35 ℃, 600 r/min搅拌0.5 h, 得到3种Au-PtNFs (Au-Pt1NFs、Au-Pt2NFs、Au-Pt5NFs), -4 ℃保存备用。
1.3.2 纳米酶酶活性的测定
将20 μL制备好的Au-PtNFs加入酶标板的孔洞中, 依次加入40 μL (3 mmol/L) TMB和115 μL 乙酸缓冲液(20 mmol/L, pH=4), 在氧气氛围下室温培养30 min, 用酶标仪测定620 nm的吸光值(OD620), 以此表征其氧化酶活性; 在上述混合溶液的基础上往里面加入25 μL(终浓度1 mmol/L) H2O2, 分别在氮气和氧气氛围下室温培养30 min, 测定OD620, 以此来表征其过氧化物酶活性以及双酶活性。
稳态动力学实验: 在室温下, 分别研究恒定H2O2水平(1 mmol/L)下, 不同的TMB浓度(0.08~0.67 mmol/L); 以及恒定TMB浓度(0.5 mmol/L)下, 不同H2O2浓度(0.1~1.0 mmol/L)下反应体系的吸光度随时间变化情况, 每1 min记录一次。
1.3.3 OPs检测
将20 μL不同浓度的OPs、20 μL ATCh (20 mmol/L)、20 μL AChE (60 mU/mL)在30 μL磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.4, 10 mmol/L)中混合, 37 ℃孵育30 min, 随后依次往里面加入20 μL Au-Pt5NPs、30 μL超纯水、25 μL H2O2、40 μL TMB (3 mmol/L)、95 μL乙酸缓冲液(0.2 mol/L, pH=4), 氧气氛围室温下反应20 min后用酶标仪记录OD620的吸光值, 考察毒死蜱浓度与吸光度之间的变化情况; 利用智能手机对显示结果进行拍照, 取色软件(一个木函)测定其G值与B值, 考察G/B值与毒死蜱浓度之间的关系。
1.3.4 实际样品检测
样品处理参照文献[23]的方法并稍作调整。黄瓜、番茄、苹果榨成汁, 分别取5 mL所制备的汁液或水样, 加入适量毒死蜱(终浓度为40、50、60、70 nmol/L), 漩涡摇匀, 超声0.5 h后, 在室温下离心(10000 r/min, 20 min) 3次, 以除去沉淀物, 取上清液用乙酸缓冲液(0.2 mol/L, pH=4)将pH调至4.0, 然后按1.3.3的检测程序进行检测。
1.4 数据处理
对每个样品进行3次平行实验, 采用Microsoft Excel 2016和Origin 2018对所得数据进行统计并作图分析。
2 结果与分析
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2.1 纳米酶的合成及表征
利用透射电镜分别测定制备的AuNPs及3种不同氯铂酸浓度下双金属复合纳米酶(Au-Pt1NFs, Au-Pt2NFs, Au-Pt5NFs)的粒径, 高分辨透射电子显微镜(high resolution transmission electron microscope, HRTEM)的表征结果如图2所示。AuNPs分布均匀、呈规则球形, 平均粒径为3.84 nm (图2A); 向AuNPs溶液中分别加入1、2、5 mmol/L的氯铂酸溶液时, 生成的纳米材料均具有明显的花状结构, 平均粒径分别为8.38、13.00、19.74 nm(图2B、C、D), 合成的双金属复合纳米酶在溶液中分布均匀, 无团聚现象。3种Au-PtNFs的能谱(energy dispersive spectroscopy, EDS)元素映射表征结果如图3所示, 可以清楚看到Au和Pt元素在复合纳米酶中均匀分布, 且随着氯铂酸浓度的增加, 合成的双金属复合纳米酶的粒径越来越大, 与HRTEM的表征结果一致。
分别测定了实验中合成的双金属复合纳米酶的水合粒径和Zeta电位, 结果如图4所示。与AuNPs相比, 随氯铂酸浓度逐渐增大, 各纳米酶的水合粒径逐渐增大, 分别为45.44、48.96、52.94 nm(图4A), 与HRTEM实验结果一致。随着氯铂酸浓度的增加, Zeta电位逐渐升高, 分别从AuNPs的-11.37 mV升至-10.50、-6.84、-2.33 mV(图4B)。电荷发生变化的原因可能是随着氯铂酸浓度的增加, 铂离子的量增加所导致的[4,26-28]。水合粒径和Zeta电位的变化进一步证实成功合成了Au-PtNFs。
用X-射线衍射(X-ray diffraction, XRD)来进一步研究了合成的Au-PtNFs的组成和晶体结构, 结果如图5所示。与Au (JCPDS No.04-0784)和Pt (JCPDSNo.04-0802)标准卡片对比, 采用种子介导法合成的Au-PtNFs的衍射峰都介于纯Au和Pt标准特征峰位之间, 表明了Au和Pt双金属合金化[29], 进一步证实了Au-PtNFs的成功合成。
2.2 纳米酶的酶活性分析
以TMB为底物考察合成的Au-PtNFs的酶活性, 结果如图6所示。单独的AuNPs和PtNPs单金属纳米酶的3种酶活性都很低, Au-PtNFs的3种酶活性都随着氯铂酸用量的增加而增加, 氧化酶活性强于过氧化物酶活性, 且其双酶活性比过氧化物酶活性和氧化酶活性的总和更强, 这表明Au-PtNFs的双酶活性不是其过氧化物酶活性和氧化酶活性的简单叠加, 可能是因为Au和Pt之间的协同作用使得Au-PtNFs的双酶活性更强[30]。后续实验使用的酶活性均为其双酶活性。
通过稳态动力学分析进一步探讨了Au-PtNFs的催化性能, 测定了不同TMB和H2O2浓度下的酶动力学参数。根据Michaelis-Menten方程[31-32]可得到Au-PtNFs催化TMB氧化的最大反应速率Vmax和米式常数Km这两个重要的酶动力学数据。一般来说, 较低的Km和较高的Vmax表明酶对底物的亲和力较好, 即酶的催化活性较好。表1是本研究制备的纳米酶与辣根过氧化物酶(horseradish peroxidase, HRP)在酶动力学参数上的比较结果。结果表明, 以TMB为底物时, 3种Au-PtNFs的Km随氯铂酸含量的升高呈现下降趋势; 而Vmax则随氯铂酸含量的增加呈现上升趋势, 这表明Au-PtNFs对TMB的亲和力随着氯铂酸含量的增加而提高; 以H2O2为底物时, 3种Au-PtNFs的Km和Vmax均随氯铂酸含量的增加呈现上升趋势, 这表明Au-PtNFs对H2O2的亲和力随着氯铂酸含量的增加而有所减弱; 综上所述, Au-PtNFs对TMB的亲和力表现出较为优越的特性, 但就Au-PtNFs的双酶活性而言, 其随着氯铂酸含量的增加而增强, 可能的原因在于其独特的花状结构降低了空间位阻, 进而促进了催化位点的暴露, 同时随着氯铂酸含量的增加, 这些催化位点的数量也相应增多[17,33-34]。此外, 本研究合成的3种Au-PtNFs的酶动力学参数与之前报道的HRP及其他纳米酶相比[32,35-36], 表现出更低的Km和更高的Vmax, 说明其酶活优于HRP。
2.3 毒死蜱检测结果分析
以毒死蜱为模型, 结果如图7所示。Au-Pt5NFs的双酶活性被AChE催化ATCh水解产生的TCh所抑制, 溶液颜色变为无色, 随着一系列浓度梯度的毒死蜱的加入, AChE的活性被抑制, TCh生成量减少, oxTMB含量恢复, 反应体系吸光度恢复, 溶液颜色从无色变为蓝色。在620 nm处的吸光度随着毒死蜱浓度的增加而增加, 在40~90 nmol/L的动态范围内, OD620与毒死蜱浓度的对数可以建立良好的线性关系。线性回归方程Y=4.1478X-6.4898 (相关系数: r2=0.9902), 检出限(limt of detection, LOD)为1.00 nmol/L(图7A~B)。此外, 利用智能手机对溶液进行拍照, 利用色值分析软件(一个木函)记录各溶液的红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)的值, 考察绿色(G)和蓝色(B)的比值(G/B)随毒死蜱浓度对数的变化关系, 在30~100 nmol/L的动态范围内G/B值与毒死蜱浓度对数呈良好的线性关系, 线性回归方程为Y=-0.9569X+2.4491 (r2=0.9977), LOD为1.06 nmol/L(图7C~D)。与其他现有OPs检测分析方法相比[16-17,37-41], 本研究建立的OPs检测方法具有更低的LOD。
选用另外两种农药(双甲基脒和溴氰菊酯)、水体中常见的离子(Fe3+、Al3+、K+、Na+、Cu2+、Mg2+和Cr3+)、生物大分子(牛血清蛋白、葡萄糖)以及抗坏血酸、没食子酸、柠檬酸等一系列常见干扰物质, 探究了该方法的特异性和抗干扰能力。实验结果如图8A所示, 在无毒死蜱存在时, 当干扰物质浓度为毒死蜱的10倍(即1000 nmol/L, 牛血清蛋白质量浓度为1000 ng/mL), 该比色检测体系几乎没有观察到任何干扰物质的响应, 表明该方法具有良好的特异性能。在毒死蜱的存在下, 这些干扰物质不影响Au-Pt5NFs纳米酶对毒死蜱的响应(图8B), 表明本研究提出的基于Au-Pt5NFs的双酶活性比色检测毒死蜱的方法具有良好的抗干扰性能。
2.4 实际样品检测结果分析
采用标准添加法, 对毒死蜱的实际检测可行性进行了评价, 实验结果如表2所示。该比色检测方法对自来水、苹果、黄瓜、番茄中毒死蜱的回收率分别为94.13%~106.54%、97.61%~110.31%、93.45%~107.40%和97.66%~106.80%, 回收率良好, 说明该方法可用于实际样品检测中。
3 结论
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本研究采用种子介导法成功合成了3种花状Au-PtNFs, 粒径在8.38~19.74 nm之间。稳态动力学实验表明其均具有较好的双酶(氧化酶及过氧化物酶)活性, 且Au-Pt5NFs的双酶活性最好。基于Au-Pt5NFs的双酶活性结合ATCh在AChE的催化下生成的TCh对纳米材料酶活性的抑制作用以及OPs对AChE的抑制作用, 实现了毒死蜱的检测。该方法在40~90 nmol/L, OD620与毒死蜱浓度的对数呈良好的线性关系, 检出限为1.00 nmol/L; 利用色值分析软件实现了基于智能手机的毒死蜱检测, 线性范围为30~100 nmol/L, 检出限为1.06 nmol/L。该方法与其他现有OPs检测分析方法相比, 具有更低的检测限, 且在自来水、蔬菜和水果等实际样品检测中具有良好的回收率。本研究成功将Au-PtNFs用于OPs检测, 为果蔬中OPs可视化检测提供了一种新思路。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金项目(31901774)
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241004002
  • 接收时间：2024-10-04
  • 首发时间：2025-07-21
  • 出版时间：2025-01-15
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  • 收稿日期：2024-10-04
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31901774)
作者信息
    江西农业大学食品科学与工程学院, 南昌 330045

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*杜娟(1986—), 女, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为食品污染物快速检测。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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