Article(id=1153986710678528469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986709126635984, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240913002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1726156800000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753061471862, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1737734400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753061471862, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753061471862, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753061471862, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153986709126635984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='324', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753061471492, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1760345674980, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1184538872999457117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986709126635984, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1184538872999457118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986709126635984, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=16, endPage=24, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153986711123124695, articleId=1153986710678528469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of ediable and medicinal quality of different strains of Polygonatum kingianum, columnId=1153986583259767470, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Food Quality Analysis and Evaluation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To compare the differences in the quality indicators for ediable and medicinal of different strains of Polygonatum kingianum, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation. Methods The rhizome of 3 strains of Polygonatum kingianum, including the strain of Polygonatum kingianum with white flower and green stem (PKW), the strain of Polygonatum kingianum with purple flower and green stem (PKP) and the strain of Polygonatum kingianum with red flower and purple stem (PKR), were used as experiments materials. The differences of the content of nutrient, mineral elements and the main active ingredients was analyzed, the study on comprehensive quality evaluation research was conducted based on the membership function and principal component analysis methods. Results There were significant differences in 19 quality indicators between different strains of Polygonatum kingianum. PKW had the highest content of crude protein, total starch, crude fat, Na, polysaccharides and total flavonoids, PKP had the highest content of 10 kinds of mineral elements (K, P, Ca, Mg, Al, Mn, Fe, Zn, B and Cu) and total phenols, PKR had the highest content of moisture and total saponins. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that active ingredients showed a significant correlation with mineral elements and nutrient (P<0.05 or P<0.01); however, there was no significant correlation between nutrient and mineral elements. The analysis results were obtained by using the membership function method suggested that the highest scores of food and medicinal values were PKP and PKW respectively. The principal component analysis of 19 quality indicators were carried out, and the cumulative contribution of the 3 principal components was 96.41%. The evaluation results showed that PKP had the highest comprehensive score. Conclusion The medicinal value of PKW is the highest. PKP has comprehensive high quality, is suitable for both ediable and medicinal.

, correspAuthors=Jin-Liang SHAO, Zhen-Huan LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ze-Li CHEN, Qian LI, Xin-Yu LI, Shan-Shan LAN, Guang-Heng FENG, Wen SU, Jin-Liang SHAO, Zhen-Huan LIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153986732593766423, articleId=1153986710678528469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=不同品系滇黄精食药用品质分析与综合评价, columnId=1153986583435928240, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=本期专题:食品品质分析与评价, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 比较不同品系滇黄精食药用品质差异, 并进行综合评价。方法 以白色花绿色茎品系(PKW)、紫色花绿色茎品系(PKP)、红色花紫色茎品系(PKR)的滇黄精地下根茎为研究对象, 分析不同品系间营养物质、矿质元素、活性成分的含量差异, 基于隶属函数和主成分分析法开展品质综合评价研究。结果 滇黄精不同品系间19个品质指标均存在显著差异。PKW的粗蛋白、总淀粉、粗脂肪、Na、多糖、总黄酮含量最高, PKP的K、P、Ca、Mg、Al、Mn、Fe、Zn、B、Cu 10种元素以及总酚含量最高, PKR的水分和总皂苷含量最高。皮尔森(Pearson)相关性分析显示矿质元素和营养成分均与活性成分存在显著或极显著相关性(P<0.05, P<0.01), 营养成分与矿质元素无显著相关性。隶属函数分析表明食用价值和药用价值评分最高的分别是PKP和PKW。对19个品质指标进行主成分分析后提取3个主成分, 累计贡献率达96.41%。评价结果显示, PKP综合得分最高。结论 PKW药用价值最高, PKP综合品质最好, 既可食用也可入药。

, correspAuthors=邵金良, 刘振环, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 邵金良(1979—), 男, 研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与分析检测。E-mail:
刘振环(1977—), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要研究方向为农产品质量与安全。E-mail:
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陈泽历(1995—), 女, 博士, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品营养品质评价与调控。E-mail:

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陈泽历(1995—), 女, 博士, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品营养品质评价与调控。E-mail:

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Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2020, 125: 109910., articleTitle=Polysaccharides from Polygonatum kingianum improve glucose and lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1184566874097467535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=44, issue=8, pageStart=93, pageEnd=97, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=56, authorNames=朱臻荣, 贾平, 刘悦, journalName=云南中医中药杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱臻荣, 贾平, 刘悦, 等. 药用植物滇黄精种植研究进展[J]. 云南中医中药杂志, 2023, 44(8): 93-97., articleTitle=药用植物滇黄精种植研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1184566874147799184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=44, issue=8, pageStart=93, pageEnd=97, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=57, authorNames=ZHU ZR, JIA P, LIU Y, journalName=Yunnan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU ZR, JIA P, LIU Y, et al. 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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2020, 10(11): 490-495., articleTitle=Polygonatum kingianum rhizome extract alleviates collagen antibody-induced arthritis by modulating proinflammatory cytokine production in mice, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1184566874349125779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=213, issue=null, pageStart=113731, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=60, authorNames=XU C, XIA B, ZHANG Z, journalName=Phytochemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU C, XIA B, ZHANG Z, et al. Research progress in steroidal saponins from the genus Polygonatum: Chemical components, biosynthetic pathways and pharmacological effects[J]. Phytochemistry, 2023, 213: 113731., articleTitle=Research progress in steroidal saponins from the genus Polygonatum: Chemical components, biosynthetic pathways and pharmacological effects, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1184566870192570449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, awardId=202202AE090029, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202202AE090029), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1184566870255485010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, awardId=202403AP140028, language=CN, fundingSource=建设面向南亚东南亚科技创新中心专项(202403AP140028), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1184566870305816659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, awardId=2024RCYP-21, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省农业科学院人才引培项目(2024RCYP-21), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1184566870351954004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=2024年高原特色现代农业质量安全科技支撑专项, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1184566865713053702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1184566865721442311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, companyId=1184566865713053702, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1184566865729830920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, companyId=1184566865713053702, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所, 昆明 650205)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1184566868741341247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Flower color types of 3 strains of Polygonatum kingianum, figureFileSmall=KqOYOEUQ3+RMyEdNoLYJLA==, figureFileBig=TXbTYWEPg9/lepyzKDplTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1184566868808450112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=图1, caption=3个品系滇黄精的花色类型, figureFileSmall=KqOYOEUQ3+RMyEdNoLYJLA==, figureFileBig=TXbTYWEPg9/lepyzKDplTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1184566868930084929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Nutrient content in rhizome of 3 strains of Polygonatum kingianum (n=3), figureFileSmall=hKeQZiNbt/IVJUTuUE+Z8g==, figureFileBig=z/NRmHDSKJLBqfXZ8jOMGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1184566868988805186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=图2, caption=3个滇黄精品系根茎中营养成分含量(n=3)

注: 小写和大写字母分别表示品系间差异显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=hKeQZiNbt/IVJUTuUE+Z8g==, figureFileBig=z/NRmHDSKJLBqfXZ8jOMGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1184566869051719747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Correlation analysis of quality indicators for ediable and medicine of rhizome of Polygonatum kingianum, figureFileSmall=eK+rPvTFDZBeO8caoU7zdA==, figureFileBig=5sAPW/f902+xwfSbpEmK7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1184566869102051396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=图3, caption=滇黄精根茎中食药用品质指标的相关性分析

注: *表示不同指标间相关性显著(P<0.05), **表示不同指标间相关性极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=eK+rPvTFDZBeO8caoU7zdA==, figureFileBig=5sAPW/f902+xwfSbpEmK7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1184566869164965957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Content of mineral elements in rhizome of 3 strains of Polygonatum kingianum (n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 含量/(mg/kg)
K P Ca Mg Al Mn Na Fe Zn B Cu
PKW 2645.333±
166.374bB
1659.249±
24.914bB
2225.162±
35.001bB
874.786±
3.650bB
117.767±
5.507bB
73.127±
1.579bB
50.017±
1.600aA
21.477±
0.916cB
15.620±
0.272bA
13.867±
0.651aAB
3.778±
0.060bB
PKP 4280.333±
475.662aA
2025.67±
170.506aA
3670.128±
418.988aA
1525.333±
147.314aA
142.18±
6.265aA
121.267±
18.825aA
49.810±
3.430aA
53.567±
2.43aA
20.750±
2.758aA
14.880±
0.700aA
5.572±
0.427aA
PKR 2638.667±
52.918bB
1190.763±
42.178cC
2115.628±
55.157bB
665.533±
35.391bB
110.466±
4.783bB
72.867±
2.482bB
40.89±
2.184bA
26.113±
0.015bB
14.503±
14.503bA
11.810±
0.427bB
3.274±
0.127bB
平均值 3188.111 1625.227 2670.306 1021.884 123.471 89.087 46.906 33.719 16.958 13.519 4.208
标准差 945.898 418.492 867.602 448.377 16.609 27.869 5.211 17.344 3.331 1.564 1.208
变异系数/% 29.67 25.75 32.49 43.88 13.45 31.28 11.11 51.44 19.65 11.57 28.70
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869240463430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

3个品系滇黄精根茎中矿质元素含量(n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 含量/(mg/kg)
K P Ca Mg Al Mn Na Fe Zn B Cu
PKW 2645.333±
166.374bB
1659.249±
24.914bB
2225.162±
35.001bB
874.786±
3.650bB
117.767±
5.507bB
73.127±
1.579bB
50.017±
1.600aA
21.477±
0.916cB
15.620±
0.272bA
13.867±
0.651aAB
3.778±
0.060bB
PKP 4280.333±
475.662aA
2025.67±
170.506aA
3670.128±
418.988aA
1525.333±
147.314aA
142.18±
6.265aA
121.267±
18.825aA
49.810±
3.430aA
53.567±
2.43aA
20.750±
2.758aA
14.880±
0.700aA
5.572±
0.427aA
PKR 2638.667±
52.918bB
1190.763±
42.178cC
2115.628±
55.157bB
665.533±
35.391bB
110.466±
4.783bB
72.867±
2.482bB
40.89±
2.184bA
26.113±
0.015bB
14.503±
14.503bA
11.810±
0.427bB
3.274±
0.127bB
平均值 3188.111 1625.227 2670.306 1021.884 123.471 89.087 46.906 33.719 16.958 13.519 4.208
标准差 945.898 418.492 867.602 448.377 16.609 27.869 5.211 17.344 3.331 1.564 1.208
变异系数/% 29.67 25.75 32.49 43.88 13.45 31.28 11.11 51.44 19.65 11.57 28.70
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869307572295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Content of the main active ingredients in rhizome of 3 strains of Polygonatum kingianum (n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 多糖/% 总皂苷/% 总黄酮/% 总酚/%
PKW 28.190±1.306aA 0.958±0.037cB 0.124±0.006aA 0.094±0.003bAB
PKP 23.473±1.005bB 1.307±0.061bA 0.111±0.004bAB 0.106±0.005aA
PKR 27.943±1.105aA 1.460±0.070aA 0.106±0.003bB 0.085±0.002bB
平均值 26.536 1.242 0.114 0.095
标准差 2.504 0.229 0.009 0.010
变异系数/% 9.44 18.41 7.77 10.19
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869416624200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

3个品系滇黄精根茎活性成分含量(n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 多糖/% 总皂苷/% 总黄酮/% 总酚/%
PKW 28.190±1.306aA 0.958±0.037cB 0.124±0.006aA 0.094±0.003bAB
PKP 23.473±1.005bB 1.307±0.061bA 0.111±0.004bAB 0.106±0.005aA
PKR 27.943±1.105aA 1.460±0.070aA 0.106±0.003bB 0.085±0.002bB
平均值 26.536 1.242 0.114 0.095
标准差 2.504 0.229 0.009 0.010
变异系数/% 9.44 18.41 7.77 10.19
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869529870409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Membership function values of ediable indicators of rhizome of different strains of Polygonatum kingianum

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 粗蛋白 总淀粉 粗脂肪 水分 K P Ca Mg Al Mn Na Fe Zn B Cu 平均隶属
函数值
排序
PKW 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.23 0.01 0.56 0.07 0.24 0.23 0.01 1.00 0.00 0.18 0.67 0.22 0.43 2
PKP 0.62 0.33 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.98 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.86 1
PKR 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 3
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869613756490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同品系滇黄精根茎食用指标的隶属函数值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 粗蛋白 总淀粉 粗脂肪 水分 K P Ca Mg Al Mn Na Fe Zn B Cu 平均隶属
函数值
排序
PKW 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.23 0.01 0.56 0.07 0.24 0.23 0.01 1.00 0.00 0.18 0.67 0.22 0.43 2
PKP 0.62 0.33 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.98 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.86 1
PKR 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 3
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869672476747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Membership function values of medicinal indicators of rhizome of different strains of Polygonatum kingianum

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 多糖 总皂苷 总黄酮 总酚 平均隶属函数值 排序
PKW 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.41 0.85 1
PKP 0.00 0.31 0.31 1.00 0.41 2
PKR 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 3
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869731197004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同品系滇黄精根茎药用指标的隶属函数值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 多糖 总皂苷 总黄酮 总酚 平均隶属函数值 排序
PKW 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.41 0.85 1
PKP 0.00 0.31 0.31 1.00 0.41 2
PKR 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 3
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869794111565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Load matrix and contribution rate of quality indicators of rhizome from 3 strains of Polygonatum kingianum

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品质指标 第1主成分 第2主成分 第3主成分
粗蛋白 0.218 0.722 0.625
总淀粉 0.076 0.968 0.201
粗脂肪 -0.263 0.926 -0.265
水分 0.466 -0.221 -0.817
K 0.873 -0.288 -0.042
P 0.939 0.307 -0.121
Ca 0.976 -0.150 0.093
Mg 0.997 -0.022 -0.013
Al 0.955 0.079 0.228
Mn 0.940 -0.204 0.090
Na 0.668 0.570 -0.353
Fe 0.924 -0.349 0.140
Zn 0.944 -0.028 0.078
B 0.848 0.504 0.078
Cu 0.998 -0.030 0.021
多糖 -0.845 0.442 0.292
总皂苷 -0.013 -0.787 0.612
总黄酮 0.063 0.994 -0.010
总酚 0.948 0.247 0.139
特征根 11.247 5.180 1.891
方差解释率/% 59.19 27.27 9.95
累积贡献率/% 59.19 86.46 96.41
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869869609038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

3个滇黄精品系根茎品质指标载荷矩阵和贡献率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品质指标 第1主成分 第2主成分 第3主成分
粗蛋白 0.218 0.722 0.625
总淀粉 0.076 0.968 0.201
粗脂肪 -0.263 0.926 -0.265
水分 0.466 -0.221 -0.817
K 0.873 -0.288 -0.042
P 0.939 0.307 -0.121
Ca 0.976 -0.150 0.093
Mg 0.997 -0.022 -0.013
Al 0.955 0.079 0.228
Mn 0.940 -0.204 0.090
Na 0.668 0.570 -0.353
Fe 0.924 -0.349 0.140
Zn 0.944 -0.028 0.078
B 0.848 0.504 0.078
Cu 0.998 -0.030 0.021
多糖 -0.845 0.442 0.292
总皂苷 -0.013 -0.787 0.612
总黄酮 0.063 0.994 -0.010
总酚 0.948 0.247 0.139
特征根 11.247 5.180 1.891
方差解释率/% 59.19 27.27 9.95
累积贡献率/% 59.19 86.46 96.41
), ArticleFig(id=1184566869949300815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Principal component scores and comprehensive scores of quality indicators of rhizome of different strains of Polygonatum kingianum

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 第1主成分得分 第2主成分得分 第3主成分得分 综合得分(C) 排序
PKW -1.18 2.69 -0.94 -0.06 2
PKP 3.41 -1.04 -0.20 1.78 1
PKR -2.70 -1.76 0.53 -2.10 3
), ArticleFig(id=1184566870070935632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986710678528469, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

不同滇黄精品系根茎品质指标的主成分得分和综合得分

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品系 第1主成分得分 第2主成分得分 第3主成分得分 综合得分(C) 排序
PKW -1.18 2.69 -0.94 -0.06 2
PKP 3.41 -1.04 -0.20 1.78 1
PKR -2.70 -1.76 0.53 -2.10 3
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不同品系滇黄精食药用品质分析与综合评价
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陈泽历 , 李倩 , 李新宇 , 兰珊珊 , 冯光恒 , 苏雯 , 邵金良 * , 刘振环 *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:食品品质分析与评价 2025,16(2): 16-24
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:食品品质分析与评价 2025, 16(2): 16-24
不同品系滇黄精食药用品质分析与综合评价
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陈泽历 , 李倩, 李新宇, 兰珊珊, 冯光恒, 苏雯, 邵金良* , 刘振环*
作者信息
  • 云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所, 昆明 650205
  • 陈泽历(1995—), 女, 博士, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品营养品质评价与调控。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 邵金良(1979—), 男, 研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与分析检测。E-mail:
刘振环(1977—), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要研究方向为农产品质量与安全。E-mail:
Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of ediable and medicinal quality of different strains of Polygonatum kingianum
Ze-Li CHEN , Qian LI, Xin-Yu LI, Shan-Shan LAN, Guang-Heng FENG, Wen SU, Jin-Liang SHAO* , Zhen-Huan LIU*
Affiliations
  • Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
出版时间: 2025-01-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240913002
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目的 比较不同品系滇黄精食药用品质差异, 并进行综合评价。方法 以白色花绿色茎品系(PKW)、紫色花绿色茎品系(PKP)、红色花紫色茎品系(PKR)的滇黄精地下根茎为研究对象, 分析不同品系间营养物质、矿质元素、活性成分的含量差异, 基于隶属函数和主成分分析法开展品质综合评价研究。结果 滇黄精不同品系间19个品质指标均存在显著差异。PKW的粗蛋白、总淀粉、粗脂肪、Na、多糖、总黄酮含量最高, PKP的K、P、Ca、Mg、Al、Mn、Fe、Zn、B、Cu 10种元素以及总酚含量最高, PKR的水分和总皂苷含量最高。皮尔森(Pearson)相关性分析显示矿质元素和营养成分均与活性成分存在显著或极显著相关性(P<0.05, P<0.01), 营养成分与矿质元素无显著相关性。隶属函数分析表明食用价值和药用价值评分最高的分别是PKP和PKW。对19个品质指标进行主成分分析后提取3个主成分, 累计贡献率达96.41%。评价结果显示, PKP综合得分最高。结论 PKW药用价值最高, PKP综合品质最好, 既可食用也可入药。

滇黄精  /  营养物质  /  矿质元素  /  活性成分  /  相关性分析  /  隶属函数  /  主成分分析

Objective To compare the differences in the quality indicators for ediable and medicinal of different strains of Polygonatum kingianum, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation. Methods The rhizome of 3 strains of Polygonatum kingianum, including the strain of Polygonatum kingianum with white flower and green stem (PKW), the strain of Polygonatum kingianum with purple flower and green stem (PKP) and the strain of Polygonatum kingianum with red flower and purple stem (PKR), were used as experiments materials. The differences of the content of nutrient, mineral elements and the main active ingredients was analyzed, the study on comprehensive quality evaluation research was conducted based on the membership function and principal component analysis methods. Results There were significant differences in 19 quality indicators between different strains of Polygonatum kingianum. PKW had the highest content of crude protein, total starch, crude fat, Na, polysaccharides and total flavonoids, PKP had the highest content of 10 kinds of mineral elements (K, P, Ca, Mg, Al, Mn, Fe, Zn, B and Cu) and total phenols, PKR had the highest content of moisture and total saponins. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that active ingredients showed a significant correlation with mineral elements and nutrient (P<0.05 or P<0.01); however, there was no significant correlation between nutrient and mineral elements. The analysis results were obtained by using the membership function method suggested that the highest scores of food and medicinal values were PKP and PKW respectively. The principal component analysis of 19 quality indicators were carried out, and the cumulative contribution of the 3 principal components was 96.41%. The evaluation results showed that PKP had the highest comprehensive score. Conclusion The medicinal value of PKW is the highest. PKP has comprehensive high quality, is suitable for both ediable and medicinal.

Polygonatum kingianum  /  nutrient  /  mineral elements  /  active ingredients  /  correlation analysis  /  membership function  /  principal component analysis
陈泽历, 李倩, 李新宇, 兰珊珊, 冯光恒, 苏雯, 邵金良, 刘振环. 不同品系滇黄精食药用品质分析与综合评价. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (2) : 16 -24 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240913002
Ze-Li CHEN, Qian LI, Xin-Yu LI, Shan-Shan LAN, Guang-Heng FENG, Wen SU, Jin-Liang SHAO, Zhen-Huan LIU. Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of ediable and medicinal quality of different strains of Polygonatum kingianum[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (2) : 16 -24 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240913002
滇黄精(Polygonatum kingianum Collett & Hemsl.)为百合科(Liliaceae)黄精属多年生草本植物, 其干燥根茎是中药黄精(Polygonati rhizoma)的基原之一, 也是重要的药食同源类中药[1-2]。滇黄精在中国、越南和缅甸均有分布, 在我国主要分布在滇、川、黔、桂等省区[3]。近年来, 滇黄精在云南的种植面积逐步扩大, 主栽区分布于普洱、曲靖、玉溪、保山、大理、怒江等州市[4]。滇黄精具有极高的食用价值, 其根、叶、花和果实均可食用。一直以来对滇黄精的研究主要集中于生物活性成分、药理作用、栽培技术等方面[2-4], 对营养品质的关注较少, 其作为优良的药食同源植物, 具有广阔的应用前景。
药食两用生物资源是功能性食品研发的资源宝库, 以黄精为原料开发的功能性食品类型主要有茶饮类、果脯类、点心类等[2]。已有研究发现, 滇黄精的根茎中含有多糖、皂苷类、黄酮类、酚类等活性成分, 以及蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉、微量元素、氨基酸等营养成分, 具有多种生物活性和保健功能[2,5-10]。现代药理学研究表明, 滇黄精具有调节血糖、抗骨质疏松、抗氧化、抗病毒、改善学习记忆能力、抗炎抑菌、抗肿瘤、免疫调节等作用[11-15]。黄精活性成分同时具有多组分单靶和单组分多靶的药效, 其中多糖、皂苷类、黄酮类成分均为抗糖尿病的药效物质基础[16]。为了提高滇黄精资源利用效率, 需基于食用和药用功能指标进行品质特征分析, 明确其适用性和多用性, 选育高品质的品种推广种植。
作为药材, 有效成分的种类、含量及作用是滇黄精的研究热点。作为食用保健品, 主要关注蛋白质、淀粉、矿质元素等营养品质指标。目前研究主要基于活性成分对不同种植方式、种植年限、不同产地的滇黄精根茎品质评价, 关于多糖含量的分析, 如林下种植的高于大田种植模式, 种植5年的高于3年和4年的[3]; 多糖、皂苷、黄酮含量在云南、四川、贵州、广西等产地间存在差异, 表明产地气候环境对滇黄精药用品质产生影响[17-18]。不同品系间多糖含量也存在差异, 变异系数为17.30%[19], 但其余药效成分以及营养品质指标是否存在差异还鲜见相关报道。鉴于此, 本研究以不同品系滇黄精根茎为研究对象, 对其营养物质、矿质元素、活性成分进行检测分析, 并对其品质进行综合评价, 以期为开发滇黄精鲜食加工产品以及食用和药用种质的选育和推广提供理论基础。
3个不同品系滇黄精材料采自云南省玉溪市滇黄精种植基地, 为3年生根茎, 不同品系的特征性状分别为白色花绿色茎(PKW)、紫色花绿色茎(PKP)、红色花紫色茎(PKR)(图1)。根茎带回后洗净, 部分鲜样用于测定水分含量, 其余样品切片后于60 ℃烘箱中烘干至恒重, 磨粉, 过50目筛后, 用于测定其他品质指标。
无水葡萄糖(纯度98%)、薯蓣皂苷元(纯度98%)、芦丁(纯度98%)、没食子酸(纯度98%)(上海源叶生物科技有限公司); 浓硝酸(优级纯)、三氯甲烷、甲醇、无水乙醇、硝酸铝、苯酚、3,5-二硝基水杨酸、石油醚(分析纯)(上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司); 硫酸钠、碳酸钠、酒石酸钾钠、硫酸、氢氧化钠、硼酸、盐酸、亚硝酸钠、亚硫酸钠(分析纯, 上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司); 溴甲酚绿(纯度95%)、甲基红(纯度90%)、福林酚显色剂(分析纯)(北京索莱宝科技有限公司); 硼(B)、钠(Na)、镁(Mg)、铝(Al)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、磷(P)元素标准储备液(质量浓度1000 μg/mL, 国家有色金属及电子材料分析测试中心)。
BAS124S万分之一电子分析天平(塞多利斯科学仪器北京有限公司); SPH120消解仪和KN-520凯氏定氮仪(济南阿尔瓦仪器有限公司); 50 mL Titrette®数字瓶口滴定仪(德国Brand公司); Sp ectraMax 190全波长酶标仪(美国Molecular Devices公司); HWS-26电热恒温水浴锅(上海一恒科学仪器有限公司); JK-CFD-6E粗脂肪测定仪(上海精学科学仪器有限公司); SM精密恒温电热板(北京科伟永兴仪器有限公司); BINDER FD 115电热鼓风干燥箱(美国BINDER公司); iCAP RQ电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司)。
参照GB 5009.5—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中蛋白质的测定》, 采用凯氏定氮法测定蛋白质含量; 参照GB 5009.9—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中淀粉的测定》, 采用酸水解法测定总淀粉含量; 参照GB 5009.6—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中脂肪的测定》, 采用索氏提取法测定粗脂肪含量; 参照GB 5009.3—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中水分的测定》, 采用直接干燥法测定水分含量。
矿质元素B、Na、Mg、Al、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、P参照GB 5009.268—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中多元素的测定》采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定。
多糖含量参照《中国药典》2020年版一部测定[1], 葡萄糖标准曲线在0~0.100 mg/mL之间线性关系良好, 回归方程为Y=0.0055X-0.0025 (r2=0.9982)。
总皂苷含量参照黄金月等[20]的方法测定, 薯蓣皂苷元标准曲线在0~0.400 mg/mL之间线性关系良好, 回归方程为Y=0.7556X+0.0000 (r2=0.9980)。
总黄酮含量采用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠法测定[21], 芦丁标准曲线在0~0.528 mg/mL之间线性关系良好, 回归方程为Y=0.0073X-0.0021 (r2=0.9995)。
总酚含量采用福林酚法测定[21], 没食子酸标准曲线在0~0.0500 mg/mL之间线性关系良好, 回归方程为: Y=0.0006X+0.0101 (r2=0.9961)。
检测结果为3次生物学重复的平均值, 用Excel 2019、SPSSAU在线软件(https://www.spssau.com.)、OriginPro 2018软件、Graphpad prism 8.0对试验数据进行分析处理。相关性分析采用等距离皮尔森(Pearson)相似性分析法, 主成分分析使用SPSSAU在线软件及OriginPro软件。数据以平均值±标准偏差表示, 用方差分析(analysis of variance, ANOVA)进行组间差异性检验。
本研究测定了3个滇黄精品系根茎中4种基础营养成分(图2)。水分含量最高, 在71.910%~77.840%之间, 平均值为75.413%, 其中PKR品系含量最高, 与PKW差异不显著, 但均显著高于PKP品系(P<0.01)。总淀粉含量为20.150%~21.703%, 平均值为20.838%; 粗蛋白含量为12.163%~12.530%, 平均值为12.361%; 粗脂肪含量为0.103%~0.168%, 平均值为0.124%。粗蛋白、总淀粉、粗脂肪含量均在PKW品系中最高, 其中总淀粉含量显著高于PKR (P<0.05), 粗脂肪含量极显著高于PKP (P<0.01)和PKR (P<0.01), 3种营养成分含量在PKP和PKR之间差异不显著。4种营养成分变异系数排序为粗脂肪(30.07%)>水分(4.120%)>总淀粉(3.80%)>粗蛋白(1.50%), 为弱到中等强度变异。上述结果表明不同品系间滇黄精根茎中基础营养成分存在差异, 差异较大的指标是粗脂肪。
矿质元素在人体中具有重要的生理功能, 对于维护正常的人体健康发挥着积极作用[22]。3个品系滇黄精根茎中11种矿质元素的平均含量从高到低依次为K (3188.111 mg/kg)>Ca (2670.306 mg/kg)>P (1625.227 mg/kg)>Mg (1021.884 mg/kg)>Al (123.471 mg/kg)>Mn (89.087 mg/kg)>Na (46.906 mg/kg)>Fe (33.719 mg/kg)>Zn (16.958 mg/kg)>B (13.519 mg/kg)>Cu (4.208 mg/kg), 变异系数在11.11% (Na)~51.44% (Fe)之间, 为中等强度变异(表1)。PKP品系根茎中K、P、Ca、Mg、Al、Mn、Fe、Cu元素含量最高, 均极显著高于PKW (P<0.01)和PKR (P<0.01), Zn、B元素也在PKP中含量最高, Zn元素含量显著高于PKW (P<0.05)和PKR (P<0.05),B元素含量仅显著高于PKR (P<0.05)。PKW品系根茎中Na元素含量最高, 显著高于PKR (P<0.05); PKR根茎中Fe元素含量显著高于PKW (P<0.05)。结果表明不同品系间根茎中矿质元素含量存在差异, Fe、Mg、Ca、Mn含量变异幅度较大。
多糖、皂苷、黄酮、总酚是滇黄精的主要活性成分, 也是重要的药效物质。3个品系滇黄精根茎中多糖含量在23.473%到28.190%之间波动(表2), 均已达到入药标准(大于7%)[1]。不同品系中多糖、总皂苷、总黄酮、总酚的含量平均值分别为26.536%、1.242%、0.114%、0.095%, 变异系数为9.44%、18.41%、7.77%、10.19% (表2)。多糖和总黄酮含量在PKW品系中最高, 分别极显著高于PKP (P<0.01)和PKR (P<0.01), 总酚含量在PKP品系中最高, 且极显著高于PKR (P<0.01), 总皂苷含量在PKR品系中最高, 且极显著高于PKW (P<0.01)。结果表明不同花色品系滇黄精间药用活性成分含量也存在差异, 总皂苷含量变化较大。
运用皮尔森(Pearson)相关系数对滇黄精根茎的18个品质指标(不含水分指标)间的相关性进行分析, 结果见图3。滇黄精根茎中18个品质指标间呈现正相关性的指标对数高于呈现负相关性的, 表明可筛选到综合品质好的种质资源(图3)。结果表明活性成分与矿质元素和营养成分均存在显著相关性, 营养成分与矿质元素无显著相关性。营养成分含量之间存在显著正相关性, 粗脂肪和粗蛋白均与总淀粉呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。矿质元素含量之间存在显著正相关性, K和P元素含量间呈显著正相关, 二者均与4种元素(Ca、Mg、Al、Cu)含量呈极显著正相关, K含量与Mn (P<0.05)和Fe (P<0.01)元素含量也呈显著正相关, P含量与4种元素(Mn、Na、Zn、B)含量也呈极显著正相关(P<0.01), 与Fe含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05); Ca和Mg之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.05), 2种元素的含量均与Al、Mn、Fe、Zn、Cu含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01), Ca与B含量间呈显著正相关(P<0.05), Mg含量与Na (P<0.05)、B (P<0.01)元素含量含量呈显著正相关; Al和Mn元素含量之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01), 二者均与Fe、Zn、Cu元素含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01); B含量与Al (P<0.01)和Mn (P<0.05) 元素含量也呈显著正相关; Na含量与Zn、B元素含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05); Fe、Zn、B元素含量均与Cu含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01), Fe与Zn呈极显著正相关(P<0.01), Zn与B呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。活性成分之间存在显著负相关性, 总皂苷与总黄酮含量间呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。营养成分与活性成分含量间存在显著相关性, 总皂苷与粗脂肪呈极显著负相关(P<0.01), 总黄酮与粗蛋白(P<0.05)、总淀粉(P<0.01)、粗脂肪(P<0.01)呈显著正相关。活性成分与矿质元素含量间也存在显著相关性, 多糖与6种元素(K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Cu)呈极显著负相关(P<0.01), 与3种元素(P、Al、Zn)呈显著负相关(P<0.05); 总酚与9种元素(P、Ca、Mg、Al、Mn、Fe、Zn、B、Cu)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01), 与K和Na元素呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。通过相关性分析结果表明可筛选到营养成分和总黄酮含量高的种质或矿质元素和总酚含量高的种质, 均适合以食用为主; 若选育过程仅以多糖含量为育种目标, 可筛选适合药用的种质。
采用隶属函数法对滇黄精的食用价值和药用价值进行评价[23]。不同品系滇黄精根茎食用功能指标的隶属函数值在0.01~0.86之间, PKP的营养品质最高, PKW次之, PKR最低, 表明品系PKP的食用价值最高(表3)。不同品系间药用指标的隶属函数值在0.24~0.85之间, 从高到低排序依次为PKW>PKP>PKR, 表明品系PKW的药用价值最高(表4)。
由皮尔森(Pearson)相关系数分析结果表明滇黄精不同品质指标间均有相关性, 若只用测定的食药用指标数值对品系进行评价, 会出现大量重复的信息, 主成分分析通过数据降维以排除众多信息共存中相互重叠的信息, 简化为少数综合性指标, 并能保留原指标的大部分信息[24]。因此, 用主成分分析法对不同品系滇黄精食药用指标进行综合评价。
对19个品质指标进行主成分分析, 前3个成分的方差贡献率分别为59.19%、27.27%和9.95%, 累计达到96.41% (表5), 说明提取3个成分可以反映3个品系滇黄精品质评价的主要信息, 可将其作为重要成分对滇黄精品质进行综合评价。第1主成分特征根值为11.247, 水分(0.466)、K (0.873)、P (0.939)、Ca (0.976)、Mg (0.997)、Al (0.955)、Mn (0.940)、Na (0.668)、Fe (0.924)、Zn (0.944)、B (0.848)、Cu (0.998)、总酚(0.948)等指标对第1主成分具有较大的正向贡献, 多糖(-0.845)对第1主成分具有较大的负向贡献; 第2主成分特征值为5.180, 粗蛋白(0.722)、总淀粉(0.968)、粗脂肪(0.926)、Na (0.570)、B (0.504)、多糖(0.442)、总黄酮(0.994)等指标对第2主成分具有较大的正向贡献, 总皂苷(-0.787)对第2主成分具有较大的负向贡献; 第3主成分的特征值为1.891, 粗蛋白(0.625)和总皂苷(0.612)对第3主成分的正向影响较大, 水分(-0.817)对第3主成分的负向影响较大。因此, 第1主成分主要反映了营养品质中的矿质元素含量和药用品质中的总酚含量, 第2主成分反映了基础营养成分、多糖、总黄酮含量, 第3主成分反应了蛋白质和总皂苷含量。
根据提取的前3个主成分的方差贡献率, 建立综合评价模型C=0.614×第1主成分得分+0.283×第2主成分得分+0.103×第3主成分得分, 分别计算出3个品系滇黄精综合评价得分C (表6)。在第1主成分中PKP具有较大的正向贡献, 得分最高, PKR具有较大的负向贡献; 在第2主成分中, PKW具有较大的正向贡献, PKR得分也是最低的; 在第3主成分中PKR具有较大的正向贡献, PKW具有较大的负向贡献。综合得分排序为PKP>PKW>PKR。经综合分析表明品系PKP根茎的综合品质最好, 适合综合开发利用。
滇黄精是重要的药食同源植物, 全株可食用, 药用部位为根茎[25]。滇黄精根茎的产量及市场份额是黄精品种中占比最大的。黄精口感好, 可长期大量食用, 自古可以代粮[26]。滇黄精根茎中含有丰富的营养和功能成分, 具有抗隐性饥饿的作用, 是一种潜在的优质作物[8,11,15]。本研究发现不同品系滇黄精根茎的内在品质指标中营养物质、矿质元素、活性成分均存在差异。杨丽涓等[19]研究表明不同品系滇黄精的叶柄颜色、叶形、茎杆颜色、花色等农艺性状均有较大差异。Ca、P、Mg、K、Na等常量元素是构成人体组织和细胞膜的基本成分, 具有调节细胞膜的通透性、维持神经肌肉兴奋性、渗透压、水分、酸碱平衡的生理功效, 以及参与物质代谢[22]。上述元素人体每日膳食需要量在100 mg以上, 3个品系滇黄精根茎中Ca、P、Mg、K、Na元素的含量为2670.306、1625.227、1021.884、3188.111、46.906 mg/kg, 均可达到人体所需摄入量。3个品系滇黄精根茎中K、Ca、P元素含量较高, 与前人研究存在差异[27]。黄精属不同种间营养和功效成分存在较大差异[17]。多花黄精不同品系间脂肪、总黄酮、Mn元素含量变异最大[28]。滇黄精3个品系间粗脂肪、总皂苷、Mg元素含量变异最大。
多糖、皂苷、黄酮以及总酚等药效成分是评价滇黄精根茎药用品质的重要指标[11,29]。本研究测定的滇黄精根茎中4类活性成分含量与前人研究结果存在差异[30], 3个品系的多糖含量略高, 总皂苷、总黄酮、总酚含量略低。可能由于产地不同, 导致活性成分含量存在差异。多糖是滇黄精主要的活性成分, 具有降血糖、降血脂、调节免疫等作用[13,31-32]。3个品系滇黄精根茎中多糖含量符合《中国药典》2020版对多糖含量(以无水葡萄糖计, 不得少于7.0%)的规定。PKW和PKR品系的多糖含量较高, 为28.190%和27.943%。余晚霞等[27]对昆明、曲靖、普洱、昭通、红河、楚雄、腾冲等7个地区的滇黄精多糖进行测定, 结果表明含量在7.69%~25.73%之间。不同品系间滇黄精多糖含量存在差异, 结果与前人所述一致[19]。滇黄精根茎中含有丰富的甾体皂苷和三萜皂苷[33]。滇黄精皂苷类成分具有抗衰老、抗病毒、抗炎、抗肿瘤等作用[34-36]。3个品系滇黄精根系中总皂苷含量在0.958%~1.460%之间, 含量最高的为PKR品系。滇黄精总酚和总黄酮能够清除2,2’-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸阳离子和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基, 具有抗氧化活性和细胞保护作用[21]。3个品系滇黄精根系中总黄酮含量在0.106%~0.124%之间, 含量最高为PKW品系; 总酚含量在0.085%~0.106%之间, 含量最高为PKP品系。
滇黄精在云南蕴藏量大, 品系多样性丰富。本研究对不同品系滇黄精的营养物质、矿质元素、活性成分进行差异分析, 有利于充分发挥各品系食用和药用价值。从营养品质指标来分析: 不同品系粗蛋白、总淀粉、粗脂肪、水分含量均值为12.361%、20.838%、0.124%、75.413%, 11种矿质元素平均含量在4.208 mg/kg (Cu)到3188.111 mg/kg (K)之间。PKW为高蛋白、淀粉、脂肪、Na元素含量的品系, PKP品系富含丰富的K、P、Ca、Mg、Al、Mn、Fe、Zn、B、Cu 10种矿质元素, PKR品系的水分含量最高, 达77.840%。从药用品质指标来分析: 不同品系滇黄精根茎中4类活性成分平均含量在0.095%(总酚)到26.536% (多糖)之间, PKW品系的多糖和总黄酮含量最高, 为28.190%和0.124%, 总酚(0.106%)和总皂苷(1.460%)含量最高的分别是PKP品系和PKR品系。综合评价结果: PKW药用价值最高, PKP综合得分最高, 品质最好, 可入药也可食用。研究结果为滇黄精的合理开发利用及优良种质资源筛选提供理论依据。
  • 云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202202AE090029)
  • 建设面向南亚东南亚科技创新中心专项(202403AP140028)
  • 云南省农业科学院人才引培项目(2024RCYP-21)
  • 2024年高原特色现代农业质量安全科技支撑专项
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2025年第16卷第2期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240913002
  • 接收时间:2024-09-13
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
  • 出版时间:2025-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-13
基金
云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202202AE090029)
建设面向南亚东南亚科技创新中心专项(202403AP140028)
云南省农业科学院人才引培项目(2024RCYP-21)
2024年高原特色现代农业质量安全科技支撑专项
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    云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所, 昆明 650205

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* 邵金良(1979—), 男, 研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与分析检测。E-mail:
刘振环(1977—), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要研究方向为农产品质量与安全。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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