Article(id=1153986643695489551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986642063905290, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240919004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1726675200000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753061455891, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1739548800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753061455891, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753061455891, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753061455891, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153986642063905290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='316', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753061455502, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1760070725729, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1183385652272968023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986642063905290, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1183385652272968024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986642063905290, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=51, endPage=57, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153986644144280080, articleId=1153986643695489551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Preparation and application of aflatoxin B1 detection kit, columnId=1151895321526759957, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Detection and Prevention and Control of Biotoxins in Food, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To prepare a high-titer monoclonal antibody detection kit for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and rapidly and accurately detect AFB1 in food. Methods By carbodiimide method, AFB1 was conjugated with bovine albumin (BSA) to form immune antigen, and with chicken ovalbumin (OVA) to prepare detection antigen. AFB1 monoclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing mice, cell fusion, screening of hybridoma cells, inducing ascites in vivo, isolation and purification, and a kit for rapid detection of AFB1 was developed. Results The prepared monoclonal antibody had a titer of up to 1:27 w and showed weak cross-reactivity to Shentuqumycin, with a reaction rate of 13%. No cross-reactivity was observed with the other 2 compounds. The relative standard deviation of the intra- and inter-batch tests for the spiked samples was 2.6%-3.6% and 5.0%-8.0%, respectively. The recoveries were 89.82%-103.64%. The detection sensitivity (median inhibitory concentration value) was 650 pg/mL, with a detection range of 156-5000 pg/mL with the limit of detection of 100 pg/mL. When AFB1 content was detected in corn flour from different origins, the detection results were 9.756, 2.483, 3.995, 39.080 and 7.831 μg/kg. Conclusion This research has prepared high-titer monoclonal antibodies against AFB1. These antibodies can not only be utilized for the development of test kit detection experimental methods but also lay the foundation for the development of rapid test strips based on AFB1 monoclonal antibodies and the colloidal gold method.

, correspAuthors=Jia-Nan LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ru-Feng CAI, Qian XIANG, Ya-Ting FENG, Jia-Nan LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153986655263380096, articleId=1153986643695489551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=黄曲霉毒素B1检测试剂盒的制备及应用, columnId=1151895321669366295, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=本期专题:食品中生物毒素检测与防控, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 制备高效价黄曲霉毒素B1 (aflatoxin B1, AFB1)单克隆抗体检测试剂盒, 快速准确检测食品中的AFB1方法 通过碳二亚胺法, 将AFB1分别与牛血清白蛋白(bovine albumin, BSA)偶联合成免疫抗原、与鸡卵白蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)偶联制备检测抗原; 通过免疫小鼠、细胞融合、杂交瘤细胞筛选, 体内诱生腹水、分离纯化等过程制备AFB1单克隆抗体, 并开发可用于快速检测AFB1含量的试剂盒。结果 制备的单克隆抗体效价高达1:27 w, 对柄曲霉素有弱交叉反应, 反应率为13%, 与其他2种化合物未见交叉反应; 对加标样品的批内、批间试验相对标准偏差分别为2.6%~3.6%和5.0%~8.0%; 检测回收率达到89.82%~103.64%; 该试剂盒检测灵敏度半数抑制浓度值为650 pg/mL, 检测范围为156~5000 pg/mL, 检出限为100 pg/mL; 以不同产地的玉米面粉为检测样品进行AFB1含量检测, 各地检测结果分别为9.756、2.483、3.995、39.080和7.831 μg/kg。结论 该研究制备出高效价AFB1单克隆抗体, 该抗体不仅可以用于试剂盒检测实验方法的开发, 同时为开发基于AFB1单克隆抗体和胶体金法的快速检测试纸条奠定基础。

, correspAuthors=李佳楠, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 李佳楠(1978—), 女, 教授, 主要研究方向为食品生物技术。E-mail:
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蔡如凤(2002—), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为生物学。E-mail:

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Quality and Safety of Agro-products, 2020(5): 15–21., articleTitle=Research advance in mycotoxin contamination in maize and its control technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1183428268721062849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=35, issue=5, pageStart=23, pageEnd=30, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=37, authorNames=邱立忠, 王德印, 刘鹏飞, journalName=齐鲁工业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邱立忠, 王德印, 刘鹏飞, 等. 玉米(玉米油)中黄曲霉毒素的检测与控制[J]. 齐鲁工业大学学报, 2021, 35(5): 23–30., articleTitle=玉米(玉米油)中黄曲霉毒素的检测与控制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1183428268779783106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=35, issue=5, pageStart=23, pageEnd=30, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=38, authorNames=QIU LZ, WANG DY, LIU PF, journalName=Journal of Qilu University of Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QIU LZ, WANG DY, LIU PF, et al. Detection and control of aflatoxin in corn and corn oil[J]. Journal of Qilu University of Technology, 2021, 35(5): 23–30., articleTitle=Detection and control of aflatoxin in corn and corn oil, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1183428268851086275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=1266, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=39, authorNames=LU YY, CHEN R, DONG YZ, journalName=Analytica Chimica Acta, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LU YY, CHEN R, DONG YZ, et al. Magnetic relaxation switching immunoassay based on “limited-magnitude” particles for sensitive quantification of aflatoxin B1[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2023, 1266: 341329., articleTitle=Magnetic relaxation switching immunoassay based on “limited-magnitude” particles for sensitive quantification of aflatoxin B1, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1183428268930778052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=4, pageStart=349, pageEnd=360, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=40, authorNames=陈文星, 王凤华, 谭晓亮, journalName=中国食品学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈文星, 王凤华, 谭晓亮, 等. 基于纳米抗体-荧光素酶的黄曲霉毒素B1检测方法构建[J]. 中国食品学报, 2024, 24(4): 349–360., articleTitle=基于纳米抗体-荧光素酶的黄曲霉毒素B1检测方法构建, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1183428268981109701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=4, pageStart=349, pageEnd=360, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=41, authorNames=CHEN WH, WANG FH, TAN XL, journalName=Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN WH, WANG FH, TAN XL, et al. Development of the detection method for aflatoxin B1 based on nanobody-nano luciferase fusion proteins[J]. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2024, 24(4): 349–360., articleTitle=Development of the detection method for aflatoxin B1 based on nanobody-nano luciferase fusion proteins, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1183428269048218566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=53, issue=8, pageStart=29, pageEnd=31, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=42, authorNames=董高丽, 江迎春, 胡鹏, journalName=山东化工, refType=null, unstructuredReference=董高丽, 江迎春, 胡鹏, 等. 黄曲霉毒素B1胶体金免疫层析试纸条的制备及性能研究[J]. 山东化工, 2024, 53(8): 29–31, 38., articleTitle=黄曲霉毒素B1胶体金免疫层析试纸条的制备及性能研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1183428269102744519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=53, issue=8, pageStart=29, pageEnd=31, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=43, authorNames=DONG GL, WANG YC, HU P, journalName=Shandong Chemical Industry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DONG GL, WANG YC, HU P, et al. Studies on the preparation and properties of aflatoxin B1 colloidal gold immunochromatography strip[J]. Shandong Chemical Industry, 2024, 53(8): 29–31, 38., articleTitle=Studies on the preparation and properties of aflatoxin B1 colloidal gold immunochromatography strip, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1183428269161464776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=199, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=44, authorNames=ZHANG NT, BAI JW, ZHAO K, journalName=Microchemical Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG NT, BAI JW, ZHAO K. Detection of aflatoxin B1 by a magnetic capture separator with time-resolved fluorescent microspheres[J]. Microchemical Journal, 2024, 199: 110040., articleTitle=Detection of aflatoxin B1 by a magnetic capture separator with time-resolved fluorescent microspheres, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1183428263096501023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1183428263104889632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, companyId=1183428263096501023, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Life Science College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1183428263109083937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, companyId=1183428263096501023, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.江汉大学生命科学学院, 武汉 430056)]), AuthorCompany(id=1183428263176192804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1183428263180387109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, companyId=1183428263176192804, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. 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注: 条带1为BSA; 条带2为AFB1-BSA。

, figureFileSmall=Q+Ou8R2nkNhiKLcIr446AQ==, figureFileBig=GtcT4ESM3D6Y6xs/pxIOUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1183428265025880941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of BSA, AFB1 and AFB1-BSA, figureFileSmall=cJDSK8+ndSaNWlbGji/wuQ==, figureFileBig=v76BTx5Z7bODCBHqxQDlVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1183428265101378416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=图2, caption=BSA、AFB1和AFB1-BSA的紫外可见吸收光谱, figureFileSmall=cJDSK8+ndSaNWlbGji/wuQ==, figureFileBig=v76BTx5Z7bODCBHqxQDlVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1183428265164292979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of purified antibody, figureFileSmall=euRDcl0hWOV7I8mIx0V92A==, figureFileBig=YaqtdnGo3jN5fNWKjM4RVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1183428265231401846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=图3, caption=纯化抗体SDS-PAGE电泳图

注: 条带1为S419-C5细胞株抗体; 条带2为为S419-C8细胞株抗体。

, figureFileSmall=euRDcl0hWOV7I8mIx0V92A==, figureFileBig=YaqtdnGo3jN5fNWKjM4RVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1183428265294316409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Composition of AFB1 detection kit

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试剂名称 数量 试剂名称 数量
预包被的96孔板 1 96孔板覆膜 4
AFB1标准品 2 标准品稀释液 1×20 mL
检测液A 1×120 μL 检测稀释液A 1×12 mL
检测液B 1×120 μL 检测稀释液B 1×12 mL
TMB底物 1×9 mL 终止液 1×6 mL
浓洗涤液(30×) 1×20 mL 使用说明书 1
), ArticleFig(id=1183428265378202492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

AFB1检测试剂盒组成

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试剂名称 数量 试剂名称 数量
预包被的96孔板 1 96孔板覆膜 4
AFB1标准品 2 标准品稀释液 1×20 mL
检测液A 1×120 μL 检测稀释液A 1×12 mL
检测液B 1×120 μL 检测稀释液B 1×12 mL
TMB底物 1×9 mL 终止液 1×6 mL
浓洗涤液(30×) 1×20 mL 使用说明书 1
), ArticleFig(id=1183428265453699966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Determination of serum titers in mice

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
小鼠编号 相对应稀释度下OD450 nm 阴性对照OD450 nm 效价
1:1000 1:3000 1:9000 1:27000 1:81000 1:243000 1:729000
1 3.423 2.433 1.564 0.960 0.484 0.277 0.187 0.171 1:81K
2 4.538 3.238 3.094 1.843 1.057 0.493 0.303 0.174 1:243K
3 3.795 3.280 2.320 1.403 0.701 0.346 0.260 0.167 1:81K
4 4.537 3.586 2.837 1.362 0.629 0.339 0.206 0.166 1:81K
), ArticleFig(id=1183428265533391744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

小鼠血清效价测定

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
小鼠编号 相对应稀释度下OD450 nm 阴性对照OD450 nm 效价
1:1000 1:3000 1:9000 1:27000 1:81000 1:243000 1:729000
1 3.423 2.433 1.564 0.960 0.484 0.277 0.187 0.171 1:81K
2 4.538 3.238 3.094 1.843 1.057 0.493 0.303 0.174 1:243K
3 3.795 3.280 2.320 1.403 0.701 0.346 0.260 0.167 1:81K
4 4.537 3.586 2.837 1.362 0.629 0.339 0.206 0.166 1:81K
), ArticleFig(id=1183428265600500610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Analysis of purified antibody titers

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
细胞株 对应稀释度下OD450 nm 空白对照
OD450 nm
效价
1w 3w 9w 27w 81w 243w 729w
S419-C8 3.545 2.764 1.786 0.903 0.266 0.093 0.025 0.23 1:27w
S419-C5 2.469 1.521 0.594 0.201 0.052 0.029 0.018 0.19 1:9w
), ArticleFig(id=1183428265684386692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

纯化后抗体效价分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
细胞株 对应稀释度下OD450 nm 空白对照
OD450 nm
效价
1w 3w 9w 27w 81w 243w 729w
S419-C8 3.545 2.764 1.786 0.903 0.266 0.093 0.025 0.23 1:27w
S419-C5 2.469 1.521 0.594 0.201 0.052 0.029 0.018 0.19 1:9w
), ArticleFig(id=1183428265764078470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Cross-reactivity of anti-AFB1 antibodies with AFB1 and other compounds

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
小分子 分子结构 IC50/(pg/mL) 交叉反应/%
AFB1 650 100.00
槐角苷 NR <0.01
柄曲霉素 5000 13.00
胭脂红 NR <0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1183428265885713288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

抗AFB1抗体与AFB1及其他化合物的交叉反应

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
小分子 分子结构 IC50/(pg/mL) 交叉反应/%
AFB1 650 100.00
槐角苷 NR <0.01
柄曲霉素 5000 13.00
胭脂红 NR <0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1183428265952822154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Analysis of the variation rates of kits within and between batches

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样本 n 均值/(pg/mL) 标准差/(pg/mL) CV/%
批内差 1 20 217 5.7 2.6
2 20 512 18.5 3.6
3 20 1231 33.1 2.6
批间差 1 10 213 17.1 8.0
2 10 521 32.1 6.1
3 10 1331 67.7 5.0
), ArticleFig(id=1183428266007348107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

批内与批间试剂盒变异率分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样本 n 均值/(pg/mL) 标准差/(pg/mL) CV/%
批内差 1 20 217 5.7 2.6
2 20 512 18.5 3.6
3 20 1231 33.1 2.6
批间差 1 10 213 17.1 8.0
2 10 521 32.1 6.1
3 10 1331 67.7 5.0
), ArticleFig(id=1183428266070262669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Analysis of recovery rates of AFB1 content in food samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 加标量/(pg/g) 测定值/(pg/g) 回收率/%
牛奶 200 201.13±0.95 100.57
500 464.54±62.63 92.91
1000 898.22±75.82 89.82
面粉 200 207.29±16.73 103.64
500 466.01±51.15 93.20
1000 953.08±86.72 95.31
豆腐乳 200 196.81±13.56 98.41
500 452.54±47.73 90.51
1000 936.21±96.35 93.62
), ArticleFig(id=1183428266149954447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

加标样品中AFB1回收率分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 加标量/(pg/g) 测定值/(pg/g) 回收率/%
牛奶 200 201.13±0.95 100.57
500 464.54±62.63 92.91
1000 898.22±75.82 89.82
面粉 200 207.29±16.73 103.64
500 466.01±51.15 93.20
1000 953.08±86.72 95.31
豆腐乳 200 196.81±13.56 98.41
500 452.54±47.73 90.51
1000 936.21±96.35 93.62
), ArticleFig(id=1183428266208674705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Test results of AFB1 content in commercially available corn flour

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号 OD450 nm AFB1质量
浓度/(ng/mL)
原样品中AFB1含量/(μg/kg)
1 0.625 1.951 9.756
2 1.109 0.497 2.483
3 0.996 0.799 3.995
4 0.388 7.816 39.080
5 0.653 1.566 7.831
), ArticleFig(id=1183428266267394963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986643695489551, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

市售玉米面粉中AFB1的含量检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号 OD450 nm AFB1质量
浓度/(ng/mL)
原样品中AFB1含量/(μg/kg)
1 0.625 1.951 9.756
2 1.109 0.497 2.483
3 0.996 0.799 3.995
4 0.388 7.816 39.080
5 0.653 1.566 7.831
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黄曲霉毒素B1检测试剂盒的制备及应用
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蔡如凤 1 , 项乾 2 , 冯雅婷 1 , 李佳楠 1, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:食品中生物毒素检测与防控 2025,16(3): 51-57
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:食品中生物毒素检测与防控 2025, 16(3): 51-57
黄曲霉毒素B1检测试剂盒的制备及应用
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蔡如凤1 , 项乾2, 冯雅婷1, 李佳楠1, *
作者信息
  • 1.江汉大学生命科学学院, 武汉 430056
  • 2.武汉云克隆科技股份有限公司, 武汉 430056
  • 蔡如凤(2002—), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为生物学。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 李佳楠(1978—), 女, 教授, 主要研究方向为食品生物技术。E-mail:
Preparation and application of aflatoxin B1 detection kit
Ru-Feng CAI1 , Qian XIANG2, Ya-Ting FENG1, Jia-Nan LI1, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Life Science College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
  • 2. Wuhan Cloud-Clone CORP, Wuhan 430056, China
出版时间: 2025-02-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240919004
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目的 制备高效价黄曲霉毒素B1 (aflatoxin B1, AFB1)单克隆抗体检测试剂盒, 快速准确检测食品中的AFB1方法 通过碳二亚胺法, 将AFB1分别与牛血清白蛋白(bovine albumin, BSA)偶联合成免疫抗原、与鸡卵白蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)偶联制备检测抗原; 通过免疫小鼠、细胞融合、杂交瘤细胞筛选, 体内诱生腹水、分离纯化等过程制备AFB1单克隆抗体, 并开发可用于快速检测AFB1含量的试剂盒。结果 制备的单克隆抗体效价高达1:27 w, 对柄曲霉素有弱交叉反应, 反应率为13%, 与其他2种化合物未见交叉反应; 对加标样品的批内、批间试验相对标准偏差分别为2.6%~3.6%和5.0%~8.0%; 检测回收率达到89.82%~103.64%; 该试剂盒检测灵敏度半数抑制浓度值为650 pg/mL, 检测范围为156~5000 pg/mL, 检出限为100 pg/mL; 以不同产地的玉米面粉为检测样品进行AFB1含量检测, 各地检测结果分别为9.756、2.483、3.995、39.080和7.831 μg/kg。结论 该研究制备出高效价AFB1单克隆抗体, 该抗体不仅可以用于试剂盒检测实验方法的开发, 同时为开发基于AFB1单克隆抗体和胶体金法的快速检测试纸条奠定基础。

黄曲霉毒素B1  /  单克隆抗体  /  检测试剂盒  /  酶联免疫吸附法

Objective To prepare a high-titer monoclonal antibody detection kit for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and rapidly and accurately detect AFB1 in food. Methods By carbodiimide method, AFB1 was conjugated with bovine albumin (BSA) to form immune antigen, and with chicken ovalbumin (OVA) to prepare detection antigen. AFB1 monoclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing mice, cell fusion, screening of hybridoma cells, inducing ascites in vivo, isolation and purification, and a kit for rapid detection of AFB1 was developed. Results The prepared monoclonal antibody had a titer of up to 1:27 w and showed weak cross-reactivity to Shentuqumycin, with a reaction rate of 13%. No cross-reactivity was observed with the other 2 compounds. The relative standard deviation of the intra- and inter-batch tests for the spiked samples was 2.6%-3.6% and 5.0%-8.0%, respectively. The recoveries were 89.82%-103.64%. The detection sensitivity (median inhibitory concentration value) was 650 pg/mL, with a detection range of 156-5000 pg/mL with the limit of detection of 100 pg/mL. When AFB1 content was detected in corn flour from different origins, the detection results were 9.756, 2.483, 3.995, 39.080 and 7.831 μg/kg. Conclusion This research has prepared high-titer monoclonal antibodies against AFB1. These antibodies can not only be utilized for the development of test kit detection experimental methods but also lay the foundation for the development of rapid test strips based on AFB1 monoclonal antibodies and the colloidal gold method.

aflatoxin B1  /  monoclonal antibodies  /  detection kit  /  enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
蔡如凤, 项乾, 冯雅婷, 李佳楠. 黄曲霉毒素B1检测试剂盒的制备及应用. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (3) : 51 -57 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240919004
Ru-Feng CAI, Qian XIANG, Ya-Ting FENG, Jia-Nan LI. Preparation and application of aflatoxin B1 detection kit[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (3) : 51 -57 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240919004
黄曲霉毒素(aflatoxin, AFT)最早被发现于1960年, 是黄曲霉(Aspergillusflavus)和寄生曲霉(Aspergillusparasiticus)的次级代谢产物, 也是自然界毒性最强的一类真菌毒素, 污染广, 危害大, 对食品安全和人民健康造成巨大威胁, 黄曲霉毒素家族中主要成员包括黄曲霉毒素B1 (aflatoxin B1, AFB1)、B2、G1、G2、M1和M2, 基本结构中都含有二呋喃环和氧杂萘邻酮(香豆素)[1-2]。其中以AFB1分布最广、毒性最强、危害最大; 并且广泛存在于土壤、动植物和各种坚果, 在大豆、稻谷、玉米、通心粉、调味品、牛奶、奶制品、食用油等制品中经常被检出[3], 是国际癌症研究组织(International Organization for Research on Cancer, IARC)认定的I类致癌物[4]
国内外常用的AFB1检测方法主要包括薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法、液相色谱-质谱联用技术, 还有近年来新兴的纳米技术等, 这些方法样本前处理过程过于复杂, 且检测过程对仪器的精密度以及操作人员的专业性都有较高要求, 不够便捷高效, 不适用于AFB1的快速检测[5-9]。所以目前更多的是采用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)进行检测[10], 这种方法依赖于抗原抗体反应, 对单克隆抗体的制备要求较高, 但目前的ELISA中抗体价效普遍较低, 影响了检测的灵敏度与准确性[11]
AFB1分子量为312.274 Mr, 只有反应原性而无免疫原性, 属半抗原[12], 只有和牛血清白蛋白(bovine albumin, BSA)、鸡卵白蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)、多聚氨基酸(通常为多聚赖氨酸)等载体蛋白连接后才能转化为既具有反应原性又具有免疫原性的完全抗原, 刺激动物产生分泌抗体。AFB1理化性质稳定, 缺乏和蛋白质偶联的活性基团, 因此需要将其他活性基团引入AFB1后才能与载体蛋白偶联[13]。而采用甾族化合物活性基团的引入方法, 以吡啶为催化物, 可以将羧甲基甲酰胺引入到AFB1[14]。基于此, 本研究拟制备高效价且具有高亲和力的AFB1单克隆抗体, 并将其用于开发高灵敏度的AFB1快速检测试剂盒, 适用于在食品安全监管中进行大量样品的初检。
牛奶、面粉、豆腐乳: 超市购买; 玉米面粉: 网购。
8周龄, 体重20~25 g的雌性纯种白变种实验室小鼠(BALB/C) 8只: 武汉云克隆科技股份有限公司。
1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺[1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide, EDC]、弗氏完全佐剂和弗氏不完全佐剂、甲醇(色谱级, 上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司); 二氯甲烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(N,N-dimethylformamide, DMF)(纯度≥99.5%, 国药集团化学试剂有限公司); 羧甲基羟胺半盐酸盐(carboxymethoxylamine hemihydrochloride, CMO)(纯度>98.0%, 东京化成工业株式会社); N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(N-hydroxy succinimide, NHS)(纯度98.0%, 北京百灵威科技有限公司); 4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-dimethylaminopyridine, DMAP)(纯度99.0%, 上海迈瑞尔生化科技公司); 聚乙二醇PEG2000、DMEM培养基、HAT培养基(美国赛默飞世尔科技有限公司); 十二烷基硫酸钠(sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS)(湖南韵邦生物科技股份有限公司); BSA(纯度≥98%, 上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司); 吡啶溶液[质量浓度为2000 μg/mL, 西格玛奥德里奇(上海)贸易有限公司]。
SMR16.1全自动酶标仪(武汉优尔生生命科学装备有限公司); BSD-150恒温培养箱(上海博迅医疗生物仪器股份有限公司); TGL16高速离心机(长沙英泰仪器有限公司); UV-2600i紫外分光光度计(日本岛津公司); JA5003B千分之一电子分析天平(上海精密科学仪器有限公司); 79-1磁力搅拌器(常州博远实验分析仪器厂); DYY-15D电泳仪(北京六一生物科技有限公司)。
称取5 mg AFB1溶于1 mL吡啶溶液, 随后加入CMO和DMAP, 70 ℃下回流搅拌2 h, 去吡啶, 旋干, 萃取得到中间产物; 将中间产物溶于0.5 mL DMF, 加入2.5 mg EDC和1.5 mg NHS, 避光活化1 h, 把活化的半抗原逐滴加入到提前配置的BSA溶液中, 避光反应2 h[15-16]。反应产物用磷酸盐缓冲液(phosphate buffer solution, PBS)透析, 得到AFB1免疫抗原AFB1-BSA, 以同样的方法合成检测抗原(AFB1-OVA)低温冻存, 备用。
利用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE)和紫外光谱扫描法进行鉴定。
挑选4只8周龄, 体重20~25 g的雌性纯种BALB/C小鼠; 以AFB1-BSA为免疫原进行皮下注射。免疫接种方案为: 初次免疫后3周进行加强免疫, 然后每2周进行一次加强免疫。加强免疫3次后, 测量血清效价, 10 d后进行冲击免疫。
小鼠第3针加强免疫后第7~10 d, 眼球采血20 µL, 稀释于1 mL PBS中, 离心取上清进行ELISA检测(抗原包被质量浓度为2 μg/mL), 记录每只小鼠的血清效价。利用酶标仪读取OD450 nm吸光值, 当免疫小鼠血清孔OD450值(P)/阴性小鼠血清孔OD450值(N)≥2.1时, 判定所检测物质为阳性[17]
复苏SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞, 扩大培养。将免疫过的小鼠脱颈处死解剖取出脾脏, 分离脾细胞, 用含10%胎牛血清和双抗的DMEM培养基悬浮细胞沉淀, 计数并备用。收集骨髓瘤细胞与脾细胞在加入PEG2000的作用下融合。加入DMEM终止融合反应, 用HAT培养基重悬后筛选培养。
采取间接ELISA法筛选单克隆杂交瘤细胞株并用体内诱生腹水法大量制备单克隆抗体。
96孔板换液, 每孔加160 μL HT培养液。将检测抗原AFB1-OVA包被在酶标板上, 4 ℃过夜; 1% BSA于37 ℃封闭2 h; 加入待检测细胞上清每孔90 µL, 37 ℃孵育1 h。洗板3次; 每孔加入100 μL 8000倍稀释二抗, 37 ℃孵育1 h。洗板5次; 每孔加入100 µL显色剂, 37 ℃显色5 min; 每孔加入50 µL终止液, 酶标仪450 nm/630 nm双波长读数。
ELISA筛选出阳性细胞后, 采取有限稀释法进行克隆化。经过多次有限稀释克隆, 筛选出能持续稳定分泌抗体的杂交瘤细胞株, 扩大培养并冻存。
最后, 采用体内诱生腹水法制备单克隆抗体。另取两只8周小鼠, 提前3~7 d以500 µL/只的用量腹腔注射石蜡油; 将筛选出的阳性杂交瘤细胞以1×106/只的细胞数量注射到小鼠的腹腔中, 待小鼠腹部鼓胀后收集腹水。
采用Protein G法纯化腹水中的抗体, SDS-PAGE电泳检测抗体纯度; 使用抗体亚型鉴定试剂盒检测AFB1单克隆抗体, 并采用间接ELISA法测定单克隆抗体效价。纯化后的抗体加入防腐剂和甘油冻存。
选取部分食品中常用到的食品添加剂进行抗体交叉反应测定, 包括槐角苷、柄曲霉素和胭脂红, 分析制备的抗体在使用时是否会受来自此类物质的交叉作用影响。在该检测中AFB1作为免疫原, 其他3种为交叉免疫原, 根据公式(1)计算交叉反应率。
$C / \%=\frac{\mathrm{IC}_{50}\left(\mathrm{AFB}_{1}\right)}{\mathrm{IC}_{50}(\mathrm{cAg})} \times 100 \%$
式中: C为交叉反应率, %; IC50为样品与检测抗原偶联时的半数抑制浓度(median inhibitory concentration); cAg为交叉免疫原。
将检测抗原用包被液稀释至质量浓度为2 μg/mL, 并以每孔100 µL包被酶标板, 保鲜膜包裹后放入4 ℃过夜。弃掉酶标板孔内液体, 每孔加200 µL封闭液, 放置37 ℃温箱1.5 h。弃去孔内液体, 三乙醇胺缓冲盐溶液(Tris buffer saline, TBS)溶液洗涤后控干, 加入酶标板保护液, 每孔140 µL, 0.5 h后控干, 制成预包被板, -20 ℃保存。试剂盒组成见表1
B/B0值(B是不同浓度AFB1标准品450 nm处的吸光值; B0为未添加标准品时450 nm处的吸光值)为纵坐标, AFB1标准品质量浓度(156.25、312.50、625.00、1250.00、2500.00、5000.00、10000.00 pg/mL)的对数值(log10)为横坐标, 绘制间接竞争ELISA标准曲线, 并进行相关性分析。灵敏度用IC50值, 即标准品与检测抗原偶联时的半数抑制浓度表示; 线性范围代表最大信号值20%~80%的抑制率(IC20~IC80); 检出限由IC10值计算得出[18-19]
试剂盒的精密度包括批内精密度以及批间精密度, 即取同批次试剂盒和不同批次试剂盒分别对低、中、高定值样品进行定量检测; 批内每份样品连续测定20次, 批间每份样品用同一试剂盒重复测定10次; 分别计算样品的平均值和标准偏差。最后按照公式(2)计算出样品测定值变异系数(coefficient of variation, CV), 用CV来表示该试剂盒测定时的精密度。
$\mathrm{CV} / \%=\frac{\mathrm{SD}}{\text { Mean }} \times 100 \%$
式中: SD为样品标准偏差, pg/mL; Mean为不同浓度样品的平均值, pg/mL。
从超市购买符合食品质量安全的的牛奶、面粉和豆腐乳, 液体样品直接取样, 固体及半固体样品进行匀浆, 将AFB1标准品分别加入到以上的样品中, 使终质量浓度分别为1000、500和200 pg/mL, 将混合物混匀, 用5 mL PBS浸提3 min, 4 ℃ 10000 r/min下离心10 min, 取上清液[20]。使用间接竞争ELISA法, 用AFB1检测试剂盒进行检测, 并根据公式(3)计算回收率(R), 以此还可用于分析该试剂盒在对不同质地样品(液体、块状固体及粉状固体)进行检测时的效果和精确度。
$R / \%=\frac{\mathrm{MV}}{\mathrm{SV}} \times 100 \%$
式中: MV为实际测得AFB1含量, pg/mL; SV为理论添加AFB1标准品含量, pg/mL。
网购分别产于广东清远、贵州安顺、山西太原、山东菏泽和湖北恩施的玉米面粉为材料。
称取2.00 g±0.05 g玉米面粉于50 mL离心管中, 加10 mL 70%甲醇, 振荡5 min, 室温4000 r/min离心10 min; 取0.5 mL上清, 加入0.5 mL去离子水, 混匀制成待测样品。用AFB1检测试剂盒进行检测。
紫外吸收图谱由LabSolutions UV-Vis (Version1.12)软件分析绘制; 所有实验均进行平行实验, 数据汇合后, 利用Office 2013软件进行数据处理并采用Origin 2024b软件进行作图。
对完全合成抗原AFB1-BSA与BSA进行SDS-PAGE分析, 结果显示(图1)完全抗原有2条带, BSA只有1条带。AFB1-BSA的分子量较BSA略大, 推测AFB1与载体蛋白偶联成功。
紫外光谱扫描AFB1-BSA、BSA和AFB1, 结果显示(图2), BSA在280 nm处有特征吸收峰, AFB1在360 nm处有特征吸收峰, AFB1-BSA在280 nm和360 nm附近都有特征吸收峰, 由于叠加效应, AFB1-BSA完全抗原吸收峰发生蓝移, 说明AFB1-BSA抗原合成成功。
采集加强免疫后的小鼠眼眶血, 稀释后进行间接ELISA检测, 根据P/N值, 即各组所测得的OD450 nm值与对应阴性对照OD450 nm值之比是否大于2.1来判定抗体效价。结果显示(表2), 1、3、4号小鼠效价均为1:81K, 2号小鼠血清效价最高为1:243K, 因此选择2号小鼠进行细胞融合。
细胞融合后, 采用间接ELISA检测培养细胞上清, 对阳性细胞进行3次以上有限稀释筛选出能稳定分泌抗AFB1抗体的杂交瘤细胞株S419-C5和S419-C8[21]。将单克隆细胞注射到小鼠腹腔, 收集腹水后用protein G柱进行抗体纯化, 纯化后的抗体经SDS-PAGE电泳分析结果显示(图3), 仅有重链和轻链两条带, 说明制备的单克隆抗体具有较高纯度。用抗体亚型鉴定试剂盒检测后发现, 制备的单克隆抗体亚型重链为IgG1, 轻链为λ。纯化后的抗体质量浓度为4.4 mg/mL, 且S419-C8细胞株产生抗体效价更高为1:27w(表3)。
交叉反应分析结果显示(表4), AFB1单克隆抗体与AFB1的反应率为100%; 对柄曲霉素有弱交叉反应, 其交叉反应率为13%, 对槐角苷和胭脂红无交叉反应; 推测是因为柄曲霉素是AFB1的前体, 两者的分子结构较相似所致[22]; 说明制备的单克隆抗体具有较高的特异性, 不易受其他潜在食品添加剂的影响。
间接竞争ELISA抑制曲线线性关系良好, 回归方程式为Y=-0.4307X+1.795 (r2=0.9965); IC50值为650 pg/mL, 经计算得出标准曲线的线性检测范围为156~5000 pg/mL, 检出限为100 pg/mL。说明本研究制备的AFB1检测试剂盒灵敏度较好。
对试剂盒进行样品批内差和批间差的分析结果显示(表5), 批内CV为2.6%~3.6%, 批间CV为5.0%~8.0%。批内、批间实验的CV均小于10%, 说明制备的试剂盒具有高稳定性和高精密度。
使用制备的试剂盒检测添加了AFB1标准品的牛奶、面粉和豆腐乳, 结果显示(表6), 加标回收率分别为89.82%~100.57%、93.20%~103.64%、90.51%~98.41%, 相较于魏功等[23]报道的利用高相液相色谱法检测, 本研究的加标回收率优于其回收率85%~95%, 表明该研究制备的AFB1检测试剂盒准确性高, 可用于精确分析样品中的AFB1含量。且相同条件与检测方法下, 在不同质地样品(液体、粉状固体和块状固体)的检测中, 在粉末状样品的检测效果更佳。
使用制备的试剂盒检测网购于不同产地的玉米面粉中AFB1的含量, 结果显示(表7)。
来自于广东清远的样品中AFB1含量为9.756 μg/kg, 贵州安顺的样品中AFB1含量为2.483 μg/kg, 山西太原的样品中AFB1含量为3.995 μg/kg, 山东菏泽的样品中AFB1含量为39.080 μg/kg, 湖北恩施的样品中AFB1含量为7.831 μg/kg。除来自于山东菏泽的样品外, 其余4种玉米面粉中AFB1含量均不超过20 μg/kg, 符合GB 2761—2017《食品安全国家标准 食品中真菌毒素限量》要求, 但5个样品均不符合欧盟对食品中AFB1的含量不能超过2 μg/kg的标准(EC 1881/2006)。
我国玉米中AFB1污染情况与地域的水分含量有关, 总体上, 南方玉米中AFB1的污染情况要高于北方, 如四川、河南、山东等地区玉米黄曲霉毒素(B1、B2、G1、G2)含量显著高于其他省份[24-25]。本研究测得的AFB1含量显示: 山东>广东>湖北>山西>贵州, 符合我国玉米中AFB1污染总体情况[26], 玉米破损粒的AFB1含量常常是完整玉米粒的几十倍, 推测山东菏泽来源的样品使用的破损粒较多。此结果也证明该研究制备的试剂盒在实际应用中的可实施性。
AFB1具有高毒性和强致癌性, 给食品安全带来了巨大风险[27], 因此, 高效精准检测食品中的AFB1至关重要。随着生活水平逐渐改善, 人们对食品安全的关注度也日益升高, 对于食品中有毒物质的灵敏、准确、便捷检测需求增速显著。
本研究将AFB1与载体蛋白BSA偶联制备了免疫原; 通过免疫小鼠、细胞融合、抗体纯化等过程获得了效价高达1:27w的AFB1单克隆抗体; 建立了检测AFB1的间接竞争ELISA方法, 其中IC50为650 pg/mL, 线性范围为156~5000 pg/mL, 检出限为100 pg/mL; 在已有文献陈文星等[28]基于纳米抗体-荧光素酶检测AFB1、董高丽等[29]利用胶体金免疫层析试纸和ZHANG等[30]利用磁性捕获荧光分离器检测AFB1的研究中, 最低检出限分别为0.205、20、0.1146 ng/mL均高于本研究的检出限0.1 ng/mL。本研究制备的试剂盒具有良好的特异性、灵敏性和重复性, 能快速准确检测市售玉米面粉中AFB1含量, 为食品安全监管中进行大量样品的初检提供了实验方法和检测产品。同时本研究制备的高效价AFB1单克隆抗体, 可用于进一步开发基于胶体金法的AFB1快速检测试纸条, 从而实现无需仪器设备的AFB1现场检测, 为餐饮业原材料检测和食品监管部门抽检提供便利。
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240919004
  • 接收时间:2024-09-19
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
  • 出版时间:2025-02-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-19
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    1.江汉大学生命科学学院, 武汉 430056
    2.武汉云克隆科技股份有限公司, 武汉 430056

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* 李佳楠(1978—), 女, 教授, 主要研究方向为食品生物技术。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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