Article(id=1153986587533759383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986579971429187, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241008006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1728316800000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753061442502, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753061442502, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753061442502, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753061442502, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153986579971429187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753061440699, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758783495950, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1177986619249406427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986579971429187, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1177986619249406428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986579971429187, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=36, endPage=43, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153986588745913260, articleId=1153986587533759383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Interlaboratory validation of colloidal gold detection card for detecting fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays, columnId=1152687436694995508, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Grain and Oil Processing and Quality Safety, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish a rapid colloidal gold card method for the determination of fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays. Methods The limit of detection, limit of quantitative, precision and accuracy of the method were evaluated in 6 laboratories. Results The limits of detection of fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin methods were 150 μg/kg and 5 μg/kg, respectively. The limits of quantitation were 450 μg/kg and 11 μg/kg, respectively. When the fumonin content in Triticum aestivum L. and corn ranged from 426.39 to 3897.22 μg/kg, the relationship between the method repeatability standard deviation Sr and reproducibility standard deviation SR and fumonin content was obtained, namely, repeatability standard deviation Sr=1.478m0.600 and reproducibility standard deviation SR=4.269m0.591. When the T-2/HT-2 toxin content in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays ranged from 426.39 to 3897.22 μg/kg, the relation between repeatability standard deviation Sr and reproducibility standard deviation SR and T-2/HT-2 toxin content m was as follows: Repeatability standard deviation Sr=3.1901m0.218, reproducibility standard deviation SR=0.2507m0.492 (Triticum aestivum L. matrix). Repeatability standard deviation Sr=0.8357m0.333, reproducibility standard deviation SR=1.1231m0.585 (Zea mays matrix). The recoveries of fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin ranged from 95.42% to 101.90% and 83.30% to 118.20% respectively. There was no significant difference between the paired t test and the standard method. Conclusion The method has good accuracy and can be widely used for rapid and quantitative determination of fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays.

, correspAuthors=Ting-Ting XIE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ting-Ting XIE), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153986624972116983, articleId=1153986587533759383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=胶体金检测卡测定小麦和玉米中伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素的方法学联合验证, columnId=1152687437265420855, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=本期专题:粮油加工与质量安全, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立胶体金检测卡法测定小麦和玉米中伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素的分析方法。方法 在6家实验室间开展联合验证, 评价了方法的检出限、定量限、精密度以及准确性。结果 伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素方法的检出限分别为150 μg/kg和5 μg/kg, 定量限分别为450 μg/kg和11 μg/kg。当小麦、玉米中伏马毒素含量在426.39~3897.22 μg/kg时, 得出方法重复性标准差Sr和再现性标准差SR与伏马毒素含量m的关系式, 即重复性标准差Sr=1.478m0.600, 再现性标准差SR=4.269m0.591; 当小麦、玉米中T-2/HT-2毒素含量在426.39~3897.22 μg/kg时, 重复性标准差Sr和再现性标准差SR与T-2/HT-2毒素含量m的关系式分别为: 重复性标准差Sr=3.1901m0.218, 再现性标准差SR=0.2507m0.492(小麦基质); 重复性标准差Sr=0.8357m0.333, 再现性标准差SR=1.1231m0.585(玉米基质)。在3个浓度水平下进行加标回收实验, 伏马毒素的回收率在95.42%~101.90%之间, T-2/HT-2毒素的回收率在83.30%~118.20%之间。与标准方法进行配对t检验, 结果无显著性差异。结论 本方法准确性好, 可以广泛推广用于小麦、玉米中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素含量的快速定量检测。

, correspAuthors=谢婷婷, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 谢婷婷(1988—), 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为粮油饲料卫生安全检测。E-mail:
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注: ns表示无显著性差异(P>0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=AzU99XigBOJH5lEUA3u3nQ==, figureFileBig=cPaRIk36jcHqqevdXoCpog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177985641422926553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Limits of detection and limits of quantitation of colloidal gold rapid detector testing

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
空白样品 测定值/(μg/kg)
毒素 仪器1 仪器2 仪器3 仪器4 仪器5 仪器6
1~20
(小麦基质)
伏马毒素 50, 100, 150,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
50, 100, 50,
0, 0, 50, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
50, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 50, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 100, 0, 50,
0, 0, 0, 0, 150
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0
平均值/(μg/kg) 15.0 15.0 22.5 7.5 5.0 5.0
检出限/(μg/kg) 135.2 100.7 146.3 62.4 51.2 51.2
定量限/(μg/kg) 415.7 300.6 435.3 190.1 158.9 158.9
1~20
(玉米基质)
伏马毒素 50, 50, 50, 0,
50, 0, 150, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 100
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
100, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 100, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
平均值/(μg/kg) 22.5 5.0 12.5 2.5 10.0 2.5
检出限/(μg/kg) 146.3 51.2 95.0 36.0 88.5 36.0
定量限/(μg/kg) 435.3 158.9 287.6 114.3 271.6 114.3
1~20
(小麦基质)
T-2/HT-2毒素 1, 3, 2, 1, 0, 2,
1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2,
0, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0,
3, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1
1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3,
1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2,
3, 3, 1, 1, 0,
1, 0, 1
0, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2,
2, 0, 0, 1, 0,
1, 1, 3, 0
1, 1, 0, 1, 3, 2,
2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3,
2, 2, 2, 1, 2,
2, 0, 2
1, 2, 1, 2, 1,
3, 1, 2, 0, 2,
2, 2, 3, 0, 1,
0, 1, 0, 1, 1
平均值/(μg/kg) 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.3
检出限/(μg/kg) 4.3 2.9 4.3 3.6 4.1 4.1
定量限/(μg/kg) 10.9 7.1 10.9 9.6 9.8 10.5
1~20
(玉米基质)
T-2/HT-2毒素 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2,
1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0,
1, 0, 1, 1, 0,
1, 0, 0
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 0, 1, 0, 2,
1, 1, 0, 1, 1,
2, 1, 1, 1, 1
0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2,
2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2,
1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1,
1, 1, 0, 1, 0,
3, 1, 0
1, 2, 2, 1, 1,
1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 1,
0, 1, 2, 0, 1,
1, 1, 0, 2
1, 2, 0, 1, 1,
1, 3, 1, 2, 2,
1, 0, 1, 2, 0,
3, 1, 1, 0, 3
平均值/(μg/kg) 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.2
检出限/(μg/kg) 2.9 2.5 2.9 3.1 3.6 3.7
定量限/(μg/kg) 8.0 6.0 8.0 8.3 9.1 9.5
), ArticleFig(id=1177985641498424026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

胶体金快速检测仪测试的检出限和定量限

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
空白样品 测定值/(μg/kg)
毒素 仪器1 仪器2 仪器3 仪器4 仪器5 仪器6
1~20
(小麦基质)
伏马毒素 50, 100, 150,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
50, 100, 50,
0, 0, 50, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
50, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 50, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 100, 0, 50,
0, 0, 0, 0, 150
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0
平均值/(μg/kg) 15.0 15.0 22.5 7.5 5.0 5.0
检出限/(μg/kg) 135.2 100.7 146.3 62.4 51.2 51.2
定量限/(μg/kg) 415.7 300.6 435.3 190.1 158.9 158.9
1~20
(玉米基质)
伏马毒素 50, 50, 50, 0,
50, 0, 150, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 100
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
100, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0
50, 0, 50, 0,
0, 0, 0, 100, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
50, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
平均值/(μg/kg) 22.5 5.0 12.5 2.5 10.0 2.5
检出限/(μg/kg) 146.3 51.2 95.0 36.0 88.5 36.0
定量限/(μg/kg) 435.3 158.9 287.6 114.3 271.6 114.3
1~20
(小麦基质)
T-2/HT-2毒素 1, 3, 2, 1, 0, 2,
1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2,
0, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0,
3, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1
1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3,
1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2,
3, 3, 1, 1, 0,
1, 0, 1
0, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2,
2, 0, 0, 1, 0,
1, 1, 3, 0
1, 1, 0, 1, 3, 2,
2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3,
2, 2, 2, 1, 2,
2, 0, 2
1, 2, 1, 2, 1,
3, 1, 2, 0, 2,
2, 2, 3, 0, 1,
0, 1, 0, 1, 1
平均值/(μg/kg) 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.3
检出限/(μg/kg) 4.3 2.9 4.3 3.6 4.1 4.1
定量限/(μg/kg) 10.9 7.1 10.9 9.6 9.8 10.5
1~20
(玉米基质)
T-2/HT-2毒素 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2,
1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0,
1, 0, 1, 1, 0,
1, 0, 0
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 0, 1, 0, 2,
1, 1, 0, 1, 1,
2, 1, 1, 1, 1
0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2,
2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2,
1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1,
1, 1, 0, 1, 0,
3, 1, 0
1, 2, 2, 1, 1,
1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 1,
0, 1, 2, 0, 1,
1, 1, 0, 2
1, 2, 0, 1, 1,
1, 3, 1, 2, 2,
1, 0, 1, 2, 0,
3, 1, 1, 0, 3
平均值/(μg/kg) 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.2
检出限/(μg/kg) 2.9 2.5 2.9 3.1 3.6 3.7
定量限/(μg/kg) 8.0 6.0 8.0 8.3 9.1 9.5
), ArticleFig(id=1177985641599087323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Cochran and Grubbs test statistics of fumonisin content in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays from 6 laboratories

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
伏马毒素 Si Smax Ʃs2 C G
样品种类 1 2 3 4 5 6
玉米1 52.44 51.63 44.72 51.64 44.72 60.55 60.55 15748.36 0.233 1.551
玉米2 81.65 103.68 86.12 91.74 116.90 97.04 116.90 56331.52 0.243 1.250
玉米3 253.80 243.76 260.77 256.26 249.00 198.53 260.77 358918.72 0.189 1.435
小麦1 49.16 52.44 52.44 60.55 58.45 60.55 60.55 18665.62 0.196 1.775
小麦2 93.09 97.04 68.92 98.32 75.38 115.83 115.83 51598.03 0.250 1.341
小麦3 171.51 171.51 86.12 188.19 178.89 222.30 222.30 183082.41 0.270 1.867
), ArticleFig(id=1177985641657807580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

6家实验室小麦、玉米中伏马毒素含量的柯克伦检验统计及格拉布斯检验统计量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
伏马毒素 Si Smax Ʃs2 C G
样品种类 1 2 3 4 5 6
玉米1 52.44 51.63 44.72 51.64 44.72 60.55 60.55 15748.36 0.233 1.551
玉米2 81.65 103.68 86.12 91.74 116.90 97.04 116.90 56331.52 0.243 1.250
玉米3 253.80 243.76 260.77 256.26 249.00 198.53 260.77 358918.72 0.189 1.435
小麦1 49.16 52.44 52.44 60.55 58.45 60.55 60.55 18665.62 0.196 1.775
小麦2 93.09 97.04 68.92 98.32 75.38 115.83 115.83 51598.03 0.250 1.341
小麦3 171.51 171.51 86.12 188.19 178.89 222.30 222.30 183082.41 0.270 1.867
), ArticleFig(id=1177985641720722141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Cochran and Grubbs test statistics of T-2/HT-2 toxins content in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays from 6 laboratories

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
T-2/HT-2毒素 Si Smax Ʃs2 C G
样品种类 1 2 3 4 5 6
玉米1 3.85 2.43 3.56 6.43 5.05 5.95 6.43 135.65 0.305 1.458
玉米2 2.58 3.27 2.74 3.83 2.86 2.83 3.83 55.71 0.263 1.623
玉米3 1.97 1.94 2.88 1.72 2.28 1.63 2.88 26.75 0.310 1.162
小麦1 3.27 1.47 1.41 2.17 1.87 3.08 3.27 32.53 0.328 1.423
小麦2 1.87 2.48 1.94 2.32 2.88 2.37 2.88 32.70 0.254 1.744
小麦3 1.47 1.47 1.05 1.17 1.94 1.17 1.94 11.93 0.316 1.415
), ArticleFig(id=1177985641796219614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

6家实验室小麦、玉米中T-2/HT-2毒素含量的柯克伦检验统计及格拉布斯检验统计量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
T-2/HT-2毒素 Si Smax Ʃs2 C G
样品种类 1 2 3 4 5 6
玉米1 3.85 2.43 3.56 6.43 5.05 5.95 6.43 135.65 0.305 1.458
玉米2 2.58 3.27 2.74 3.83 2.86 2.83 3.83 55.71 0.263 1.623
玉米3 1.97 1.94 2.88 1.72 2.28 1.63 2.88 26.75 0.310 1.162
小麦1 3.27 1.47 1.41 2.17 1.87 3.08 3.27 32.53 0.328 1.423
小麦2 1.87 2.48 1.94 2.32 2.88 2.37 2.88 32.70 0.254 1.744
小麦3 1.47 1.47 1.05 1.17 1.94 1.17 1.94 11.93 0.316 1.415
), ArticleFig(id=1177985641871717087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

$\hat{m}$, Sr and SR values of fumonisin in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
伏马毒素样品 实验室数量 $\hat{m}$ Sr SR
玉米1 6 426.39 51.23 139.35
玉米2 6 916.67 96.90 264.67
玉米3 6 3901.39 244.58 651.00
小麦1 6 422.22 55.78 150.50
小麦2 6 912.50 92.72 262.61
小麦3 6 3897.22 174.68 469.71
), ArticleFig(id=1177985641938825952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

小麦、玉米中伏马毒素$\hat{m}$SrSR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
伏马毒素样品 实验室数量 $\hat{m}$ Sr SR
玉米1 6 426.39 51.23 139.35
玉米2 6 916.67 96.90 264.67
玉米3 6 3901.39 244.58 651.00
小麦1 6 422.22 55.78 150.50
小麦2 6 912.50 92.72 262.61
小麦3 6 3897.22 174.68 469.71
), ArticleFig(id=1177985642005934817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

$\hat{m}$, Sr and SR values of T-2/HT-2 toxins in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
T-2/HT-2毒素样品 实验室数量 $\hat{m}$ Sr SR
玉米1 6 20.19 2.11 6.24
玉米2 6 35.97 3.05 9.65
玉米3 6 198.47 4.75 24.41
小麦1 6 36.89 1.41 6.85
小麦2 6 77.31 2.33 8.62
小麦3 6 175.42 3.05 9.65
), ArticleFig(id=1177985642068849378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986587533759383, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

小麦、玉米中T-2/HT-2毒素$\hat{m}$SrSR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
T-2/HT-2毒素样品 实验室数量 $\hat{m}$ Sr SR
玉米1 6 20.19 2.11 6.24
玉米2 6 35.97 3.05 9.65
玉米3 6 198.47 4.75 24.41
小麦1 6 36.89 1.41 6.85
小麦2 6 77.31 2.33 8.62
小麦3 6 175.42 3.05 9.65
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胶体金检测卡测定小麦和玉米中伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素的方法学联合验证
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:粮油加工与质量安全 2025,16(4): 36-43
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:粮油加工与质量安全 2025, 16(4): 36-43
胶体金检测卡测定小麦和玉米中伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素的方法学联合验证
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谢婷婷*
作者信息
  • 福建省粮油质量监测所, 福州 350012

通讯作者:

* 谢婷婷(1988—), 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为粮油饲料卫生安全检测。E-mail:
Interlaboratory validation of colloidal gold detection card for detecting fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays
Ting-Ting XIE*
Affiliations
  • Institute of Grain and Oil Quality Supervision and Test of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350012, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241008006
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目的 建立胶体金检测卡法测定小麦和玉米中伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素的分析方法。方法 在6家实验室间开展联合验证, 评价了方法的检出限、定量限、精密度以及准确性。结果 伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素方法的检出限分别为150 μg/kg和5 μg/kg, 定量限分别为450 μg/kg和11 μg/kg。当小麦、玉米中伏马毒素含量在426.39~3897.22 μg/kg时, 得出方法重复性标准差Sr和再现性标准差SR与伏马毒素含量m的关系式, 即重复性标准差Sr=1.478m0.600, 再现性标准差SR=4.269m0.591; 当小麦、玉米中T-2/HT-2毒素含量在426.39~3897.22 μg/kg时, 重复性标准差Sr和再现性标准差SR与T-2/HT-2毒素含量m的关系式分别为: 重复性标准差Sr=3.1901m0.218, 再现性标准差SR=0.2507m0.492(小麦基质); 重复性标准差Sr=0.8357m0.333, 再现性标准差SR=1.1231m0.585(玉米基质)。在3个浓度水平下进行加标回收实验, 伏马毒素的回收率在95.42%~101.90%之间, T-2/HT-2毒素的回收率在83.30%~118.20%之间。与标准方法进行配对t检验, 结果无显著性差异。结论 本方法准确性好, 可以广泛推广用于小麦、玉米中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素含量的快速定量检测。

胶体金  /  方法联合验证  /  小麦  /  玉米

Objective To establish a rapid colloidal gold card method for the determination of fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays. Methods The limit of detection, limit of quantitative, precision and accuracy of the method were evaluated in 6 laboratories. Results The limits of detection of fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin methods were 150 μg/kg and 5 μg/kg, respectively. The limits of quantitation were 450 μg/kg and 11 μg/kg, respectively. When the fumonin content in Triticum aestivum L. and corn ranged from 426.39 to 3897.22 μg/kg, the relationship between the method repeatability standard deviation Sr and reproducibility standard deviation SR and fumonin content was obtained, namely, repeatability standard deviation Sr=1.478m0.600 and reproducibility standard deviation SR=4.269m0.591. When the T-2/HT-2 toxin content in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays ranged from 426.39 to 3897.22 μg/kg, the relation between repeatability standard deviation Sr and reproducibility standard deviation SR and T-2/HT-2 toxin content m was as follows: Repeatability standard deviation Sr=3.1901m0.218, reproducibility standard deviation SR=0.2507m0.492 (Triticum aestivum L. matrix). Repeatability standard deviation Sr=0.8357m0.333, reproducibility standard deviation SR=1.1231m0.585 (Zea mays matrix). The recoveries of fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin ranged from 95.42% to 101.90% and 83.30% to 118.20% respectively. There was no significant difference between the paired t test and the standard method. Conclusion The method has good accuracy and can be widely used for rapid and quantitative determination of fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays.

colloidal gold  /  method joint verification  /  Triticum aestivum L.  /  Zea mays
谢婷婷. 胶体金检测卡测定小麦和玉米中伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素的方法学联合验证. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (4) : 36 -43 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241008006
Ting-Ting XIE. Interlaboratory validation of colloidal gold detection card for detecting fumonisin and T-2/HT-2 toxin in Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (4) : 36 -43 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241008006
伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素是常见的两种真菌毒素, 主要污染农作物、谷物(小麦、玉米等)及动物饲料[1-3]。它们是对人、畜健康威胁较大的真菌毒素[4-6], 人们越来越重视其危害性[7-9]。国际上把伏马毒素归属于2B类致癌物质[10-12]。根据结构可以将伏马菌素分为A、B、C和P四组, 其中B族伏马菌素FB1、FB2和FB3毒性最强[13], 是粮食和饲料中伏马毒素存在的主要形式[14-15]。HT-2毒素是T-2毒素的主要代谢产物, 结构上十分类似[16-17], HT-2毒素时常是伴随着T-2毒素存在玉米、小麦等谷物中[18-20]。2024年4月, 欧盟委员会发布(EU)2024/1038号条例新增了某些食品包括未加工谷物、谷物碾磨产品等T-2和HT-2毒素总和的最大残留限量。
目前, 小麦、玉米中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素的检测技术包括高效液相色谱-质谱法、液相色谱法等, 具有检测灵敏度高的优点, 但并不适用于粮食收购现场快速检测。胶体金检测卡法作为比较流行的检测技术, 在食品安全领域得到了广泛应用[21]。近年来, 在粮食的真菌毒素快速检测应用较多, 包括呕吐毒素[22-23]、黄曲霉毒素[24]等。根据《食品法典委员会程序手册》(第二十版)中要求, 在选择分析方法时应考虑建立在精确度、检出限等指标之上的方法, 其中精确度包括实验室内重复性和实验室间再现性。据报道, 在评价胶体金检测卡法检测粮食中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素时, 尚未对其实验室间的精密度做深入研究, 这也是方法建立过程必须进行的一个步骤[25-26]。前期课题组在单个实验室内研究了胶体金检测卡法检测粮食中小麦、玉米的初步可行性[27-28], 对于其在多个实验室间的应用尚未研究, 不利于该方法普遍应用于小麦、玉米的伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素的检测。基于此, 本研究在6家国家级标准联合验证中心开展胶体金检测卡法检测小麦和玉米中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素方法学联合验证研究。通过多家实验室联合测定方法的检出限、定量限、方法精密度、准确性等指标, 利用柯克伦检验和格拉布斯检验统计该方法的重复性与再现性的数据, 更加系统地评价该方法的科学性、适宜性和可行性, 对该方法的应用性及稳定性进行分析, 以期为胶体金检测卡法检测技术在粮食收购现场快速检测中的应用提供理论依据。
玉米、小麦(随机在福建福州购买); 伏马毒素(FB1、FB2和FB3)混合标准溶液(伏马毒素标准溶液质量浓度为10 mg/L, 上海安普实验科技股份有限公司); T-2、HT-2毒素标准溶液(T-2、HT-2毒素标准溶液质量浓度分别为100 μg/mL、100 μg/mL, 青岛普瑞邦生物工程有限公司); 乙腈、甲醇和甲酸[色谱纯, 默克化工技术(上海)有限公司]; 伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素快速检测条(美国Charm Sciences公司)。
Genius NM32LA-A氮气发生器[毕克气体仪器贸易(上海)有限公司]; Milli-Q超纯水机(美国MILLIPURE公司); ROSA-M真菌毒素快速定量检测仪、JJ200电子天平(精确至0.01 g)(常熟市双杰测试仪器厂); 1290II超高效液相色谱仪-6470三重四极杆质谱仪(美国Agilent公司)。
按照GB 5491—1985《粮食、油料检验扦样、分样法》和GB/T 5494—2019《粮油检验 粮食、油料的杂质、不完善粒检验》规定, 对样品进行分样、除杂。取代表性样品不少于500 g, 用粉碎机将待测样品粉碎至全部通过孔径为1.0 mm的实验筛, 充分混合均匀, 放入聚乙烯瓶或自封袋中。
准确称取粉碎后的样品10.00 g于100 mL离心管中, 加入20 mL 70%甲醇水溶液, 旋紧盖子, 用振荡器2500 r/min振荡提取1~2 min。用移液器移取1.0~1.5 mL样品提取混合液于1.5 mL离心管中, 用离心机2500 r/min离心1 min。取离心后上清液100 μL于另一1.5 mL离心管中, 加入1.0 mL稀释缓冲液, 充分混匀, 待测。
准确移取300 μL待测溶液, 加入检测条加样孔中, 关闭加样孔及孵育器盖, 孵育5 min。
根据胶体金检测卡的说明书操作进行样品前处理, 确保数据的准确性。选择真菌毒素胶体金读数仪对应的真菌毒素检测频道进行检测。试样中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素含量由读数仪自动显示, 单位为μg/kg。
根据LS/T 6133—2018《粮油检验 主要谷物中16种真菌毒素的测定 液相色谱-串联质谱法》检测小麦、玉米的伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素。
利用实验室间联合验证, 对于发现检测中存在的共性及特殊问题[29-30]、实现不同实验室间结果互认具有重要意义[30-31]。本研究在6个联合验证实验室, 分别使用伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素的小麦、玉米基质实物标准物质, 伏马毒素的小麦、玉米实物标准物质浓度分别为511、1264、3160 μg/kg和430、2000、4300 μg/kg。T-2/HT-2毒素的小麦、玉米实物标准物质浓度分别为230、110、49 μg/kg和185、83、36 μg/kg。每个验证实验室对每个浓度水平的小麦、玉米基质的实物标准物质分别重复6次检测, 记录检测结果, 并计算均值, 进行一致性与离群值检查和精密度验证。
对6家实验室得到的定量检测结果进行统计分析, 采用Origin 9.0、GraphPad Prism 9和Microsoft Excel 2007进行分析作图。
分别使用6台真菌毒素胶体金快速定量仪对20个独立的空白样品进行伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素含量测定。参照LS/T 6402—2017《粮油检验 设备和方法标准适用性验证及结果评价一般原则》进行评价。检出限(即样品的检测结果平均值加3倍标准偏差)和定量限(即样品的检测结果平均值加10倍标准偏差)的计算结果见表1。伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素方法的检出限分别为150 μg/kg和5 μg/kg, 定量限分别为450 μg/kg和11 μg/kg, 满足美国食品与药物管理局(Food and Drug Administration, FDA)伏马毒素限量规定食用玉米中伏马毒素的最高限量为2000 μg/kg以及欧盟规定的未加工谷物T-2/HT-2毒素限量为50 μg/kg的检测要求(国内尚未颁布)。
在6家有资质的实验室进行比对验证, 实验验证样品采用有证基体标准物质, 小麦、玉米两种谷物基体进行方法精密度实验。根据GB/T 6379.2—2004《测量方法与结果的准确度 第2部分: 确定标准测量方法重复性与再现性的基本方法》采用柯克伦检验和格拉布斯检验剔除离群值[32-33], 对6个实验室返回的检测结果进行统计分析。
(1)柯克伦检验
首先, 应先采用柯克伦检验对实验室内所得的检测数据进行变异检验[34]。查表得, 当n=6, p=6时, 柯克伦检验5%和1%的临界值分别为0.445, 0.520。含量最大值Smax、各实验室(i)测试结果的标准偏差Si按公式(1)计算检验统计量值(C), 进行柯克伦检验。
$C=\frac{S_{\max }^{2}}{\sum_{i=1}^{p} S_{i}^{2}}$
(2)格拉布斯检验
对6家联合验证实验室检测结果进行格拉布斯检验。查表得, 当n=6, p=6时, 格拉布斯检验5%和1%的临界值分别为1.887, 1.973。最大值y(p)、最小值yi格拉布斯统计量(G)的计算如公式(2)[35-36]:
$G=\frac{\left|y_{i}-\bar{y}\right|}{S}$
各含量柯克伦检验和格拉布斯检验结果见表2~3, 6家联合验证实验室最大柯克伦检验统计量为0.328, 小于5%临界值0.445 (n=6), 最大格拉布斯检验统计量为1.867, 小于5%临界值1.887 (n=6)。结果表明6家实验室所得数据均通过柯克伦检验和格拉布斯检验, 可以判定所有联合验证实验室每组数据没有歧离值或离群值, 可用作联合验证检测数据进一步分析。
计算6个联合验证实验室小麦、玉米样品中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素含量平均值($\hat{m}$)、重复性标准偏差(Sr)和再现性标准偏差(SR)结果, 见表45。从表4可以看出, 随着伏马毒素含量(m)的增加, SrSR在成一定比例变化, 建立mSrSR之间的函数关系。参照GB/T 6379.2—2004规定的方法, 在Microsoft Excel 2007软件中分别拟合$\hat{m}$SrSR的不同函数关系。本研究选择包括线性关系式、对数或指数关系式[37-39]
在分析重复性和再现性标准差, 可从拟合的决定系数R2进行比较, 即R2值较大的拟合关系较优[39]。因此, 当小麦、玉米中伏马毒素含量在426.39~3897.22 μg/kg时, 乘幂拟合的函数关系R2大于线性拟合的函数关系R2, 说明乘幂拟合效果明显好于线性拟合效果。胶体金检测卡法检测小麦、玉米中伏马毒素方法精密度最终值关系式选择乘幂拟合的函数关系见图1, 即重复性标准差Sr=1.478m0.600, 再现性标准差SR=4.269m0.591。同样分别在小麦、玉米中建立T-2/HT-2毒素含量mSrSR的不同函数拟合关系。当小麦、玉米中T-2/HT-2毒素含量在20.19~198.47 μg/kg时, 方法精密度最终值关系式选择乘幂拟合的函数关系, 具体表示如下(图23):
(1)小麦基质: 乘幂拟合的函数关系R2大于线性拟合的函数关系R2, 故重复性标准差Sr=3.1901m0.218, 再现性标准差SR=0.2507m0.492;
(2)玉米基质: 两种关系拟合效果都很好, 乘幂拟合效果最好, 即重复性标准差Sr=0.8357m0.333, 再现性标准差SR=1.1231m0.585。伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素的重复性标准差与再现性标准差结果均符合《食品法典委员会程序手册》(第二十版)中关于联合验证的要求。说明本方法在各实验室验证均有很好的重复性和再现性。
在空白小麦、玉米样品中, 分别加入伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素标准溶液, 伏马毒素的小麦、玉米添加浓度分别为500、1300、3200 μg/kg和450、2000、4300 μg/kg。
T-2/HT-2毒素的小麦、玉米添加浓度分别为230、110、50 μg/kg和190、80、40 μg/kg, 每个浓度重复测定3次。结果见图4~5, 伏马毒素的回收率在95.42%~101.90%之间, T-2/HT-2毒素的回收率在83.30%~118.20%之间。回收率结果均符合GB/T 27404—2008《实验室质量控制规范食品理化检测》中规定的相关要求, 说明本方法具有较好的准确度和重复性。
前期课题组已对胶体金检测卡检测法检测伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素的特异性进行研究, 结果表明其对几种常见的、在粮食中有检出的真菌毒素如呕吐毒素、黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮、赭曲霉毒素A并无交叉反应, 其方法特异性可以满足检测要求[27-28]。分别采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(I法)和胶体金检测卡检测法(II法)检测6组小麦、玉米中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素。每组样品重复测定6次, 同时采用配对t检验法统计分析二者的检测结果是否存在显著性差异。结果见图6, 说明在显著性水平α=0.05下, 两种方法检测伏马毒素和T-2/HT-2毒素结果无显著性差异, 胶体金检测卡检测小麦、玉米中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素方法准确性较高。
对胶体金检测卡法测定小麦和玉米中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素开展方法学联合验证研究, 评价了该方法的检出限、定量限、精密度和准确性。联合验证实验结果表明胶体金检测卡法检测伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素方法的检出限分别为150 μg/kg和5 μg/kg, 定量限分别为450 μg/kg和11 μg/kg, 满足实际检测需求。通过6家实验室间胶体金检测卡法检测验证分析, 当小麦、玉米中伏马毒素含量在426.39~3897.22 μg/kg时, 得出精密度(以μg/kg表示)关系式: 重复性标准差Sr=1.478m0.600, 再现性标准差SR=4.269m0.591; 当小麦、玉米中T-2/HT-2毒素含量在426.39~3897.22 μg/kg时, 得出测量方法精密度(以μg/kg表示)关系式分别为Sr=3.1901m0.218, 再现性标准差SR=0.2507m0.492(小麦基质); 重复性标准差Sr=0.8357m0.333, 再现性标准差SR=1.1231m0.585(玉米基质), 说明该方法具有较好的精密度。在3个浓度水平下进行加标回收实验, 伏马毒素的回收率在95.42%~101.90%之间, T-2/HT-2毒素的回收率在83.30%~118.20%之间。与标准方法进行配对t检验, 结果无显著性差异, 说明该方法具有较高的准确性。因此, 在粮食收购需要现场快速筛查小麦、玉米中伏马毒素、T-2/HT-2毒素含量时可采用胶体金检测技术。
  • 2019年第一批粮食行业标准制修订计划项目(国粮办〔2019〕192号)
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2025年第16卷第4期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241008006
  • 接收时间:2024-10-08
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
  • 出版时间:2025-02-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-08
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2019年第一批粮食行业标准制修订计划项目(国粮办〔2019〕192号)
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    福建省粮油质量监测所, 福州 350012

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* 谢婷婷(1988—), 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为粮油饲料卫生安全检测。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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