Article(id=1153986581091312280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986579971429187, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241112001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1731340800000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753061440965, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753061440965, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753061440965, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753061440965, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153986579971429187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753061440699, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758783495950, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1177986619249406427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986579971429187, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1177986619249406428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153986579971429187, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=78, endPage=85, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153986581519131291, articleId=1153986581091312280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Determination of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in Ctenopharyngodon idella and Eriocheir sinensis by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, columnId=1153429495274000613, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Research and Detection of Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residue, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To develop an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in aquatic products. Methods The sample preparation involved extraction with 80% acetonitrile in water containing 5% triethylamine, followed by purification using Waters Oasis MAX solid-phase extraction cartridges. After elution with a 4% formic acid in methanol solution, the pentachlorophenol sodium was analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS using a Waters XBridge C18 column (100 mm × 2.10 mm, 3.50 µm). The mobile phases consisted of A: 0.1% formic acid in water (containing 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate) and B: acetonitrile. Quantification was carried out using the external standard method. The recovery of pentachlorophenol sodium in the muscle of Ctenopharyngodon idella and the eatable part of Eriocheir sinensis matrices was examined. Results The linear range of the pentachlorophenol sodium residue detection method in Ctenopharyngodon idella and Eriocheir sinensis was 0.2 to 8.0 ng/mL (r2>0.999). The limit of detection was 0.5 μg/kg and limit of quantification was 1.0 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries at spiking levels of 1.0, 2.0, and 10 μg/kg were within the range of 77.0% to 105%. Intra-assay relative standard deviations ranged from 2.51% to 7.62% (n=6), and inter-assay relative standard deviations ranged from 3.36% to 6.48% (n=3). Conclusion The developed UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in Ctenopharyngodon idella and Eriocheir sinensis matrices is highly sensitive, accurate, and precise, with good repeatability and reproducibility, and is therefore suitable for the detection of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in aquatic products.

, correspAuthors=Shui-Gen LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiao-Yi LOU, Yi-Lin XU, Hui-Juan LUO, Yi-Hong WANG, Xuan-Yun HUANG, Shui-Gen LI, Dong-Mei HUANG, Xu CHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153986603988017320, articleId=1153986581091312280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中五氯酚酸钠残留量, columnId=1153429495479521513, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=本期专题:农兽药残留研究与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立水产品中五氯酚酸钠残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。方法 样品前处理经由80%乙腈水(含5%三乙胺)提取, 上清液经过Waters Oasis MAX固相萃取柱柱净化, 4%甲酸甲醇溶液洗脱后, 采用UPLC-MS/MS的方法进行检测, 使用Waters XBridge C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.10 mm, 3.50 µm); 流动相为A: 0.1%甲酸水(含5 mmol/L醋酸铵), B: 乙腈, 外标法定量, 并对两种基质草鱼肌肉及中华绒螯蟹可食部分中五氯酚酸钠回收率进行考察。结果 草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中五氯酚酸钠残留检测在线性范围0.2~8.0 ng/mL内具有良好的线性关系, 相关系数r2>0.999, 检出限为0.5 μg/kg, 定量限为1.0 μg/kg, 添加浓度1.0、2.0和10.0 μg/kg下的回收率均在77.0%~105%之间, 批内相对标准偏差2.51%~7.62% (n=6), 批间相对标准偏差3.36%~6.48% (n=3)。结论 用本方法测定草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中的五氯酚酸钠残留量, 灵敏度高, 准确度和精密度良好, 操作简便, 适用于水产品中五氯酚酸钠残留量的检测。

, correspAuthors=李水根, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 李水根(1973—), 男, 硕士, 正高级农艺师, 主要研究方向为水产养殖、水产品质量安全与加工。E-mail:
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娄晓祎(1990—), 女, 博士, 副研究员, 主要研究水产品质量安全。E-mail:

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娄晓祎(1990—), 女, 博士, 副研究员, 主要研究水产品质量安全。E-mail:

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Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2021, 12(9): 3709-3714., articleTitle=High performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of sodium pentachlorophenolate in yellow throat, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1178002212425974758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=154, pageEnd=156, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=47, authorNames=滕晓琳, 余灏, journalName=农业科技与信息, refType=null, unstructuredReference=滕晓琳, 余灏. 优化高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水产品中的五氯酚残留量[J]. 农业科技与信息, 2023, 43(3): 154-156., articleTitle=优化高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水产品中的五氯酚残留量, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1178002212505666536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=154, pageEnd=156, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=48, authorNames=TENG XL, YU H, journalName=Agricultural Science-Technology and Information, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TENG XL, YU H. Optimal high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of pentachlorophenol residues in aquatic products[J]. Agricultural Science-Technology and Information, 2023, 43(3): 154-156., articleTitle=Optimal high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of pentachlorophenol residues in aquatic products, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1178002212564386794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=2, pageStart=32, pageEnd=38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=49, authorNames=李诗言, 周钦, 柯庆青, journalName=中国渔业质量与标准, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李诗言, 周钦, 柯庆青, 等. Captiva EMR-Lipid小柱净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定水产品中五氯酚钠残留[J]. 中国渔业质量与标准, 2022, 12(2): 32-38., articleTitle=Captiva EMR-Lipid小柱净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定水产品中五氯酚钠残留, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1178002212673438700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=2, pageStart=32, pageEnd=38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=50, authorNames=LI SY, ZHOU Q, KE QQ, journalName=Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI SY, ZHOU Q, KE QQ, et al. Rapid determination of sodium pentachlorophenol residues in aquatic products by captiva EMR-lipid cartridge clean-up by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards, 2022, 12(2): 32-38., articleTitle=Rapid determination of sodium pentachlorophenol residues in aquatic products by captiva EMR-lipid cartridge clean-up by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1178002208676266889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, awardId=2022-02-08-00-12-F01108, language=CN, fundingSource=上海科技兴农项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01108), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1178002204284830479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1178002204293219088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, companyId=1178002204284830479, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1178002204297413393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, companyId=1178002204284830479, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 农业农村部水产品质量安全控制重点实验室, 上海 200090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1178002204364522258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1178002204372910867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, companyId=1178002204364522258, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. 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Fujian Fisheries Technology Extension Center, Fuzhou 350002, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1178002204683289373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, companyId=1178002204670706459, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.福建省水产技术推广总站, 福州 350002)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1178002207174706014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Total ion flow diagram, figureFileSmall=0zARhzeaKqCJWFrhvqW0IA==, figureFileBig=DGw2Tkokn8JucvxdcodXDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1178002207237620576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=CN, label=图1, caption=总离子流图

注: A. 0.1%甲酸水(含5 mmol/L醋酸铵)-乙腈流动相; B. 0.1%甲酸水-乙腈时五氯酚酸钠标准溶液(8 ng/mL)流动相。

, figureFileSmall=0zARhzeaKqCJWFrhvqW0IA==, figureFileBig=DGw2Tkokn8JucvxdcodXDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1178002207317312354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Ion chromatogram of sodium pentachlorophenolate standard solution extraction (8 ng/mL), figureFileSmall=9y9H7iyq5F6Ka2pxQi+zxA==, figureFileBig=HL0zzLVL7bh1ZJhuUjD6ow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1178002207430558566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=CN, label=图2, caption=五氯酚酸钠标准溶液提取离子色谱图(8 ng/mL)

注: 五氯酚酸钠定性定量离子对A. 268.7/268.7; B. 266.7/266.7; C. 264.6/264.6; D. 262.8/262.8。

, figureFileSmall=9y9H7iyq5F6Ka2pxQi+zxA==, figureFileBig=HL0zzLVL7bh1ZJhuUjD6ow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1178002207564776296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of extraction agents prepared with different concentrations of acetonitrile water and triethylamine on the extraction efficiency of sodium pentachlorophenolate (10 μg/kg) in Ctenopharyngodon idella muscle (n=3), figureFileSmall=eAcjnn58+p/hE5Raeb+K8w==, figureFileBig=2J5qZAIZ5U3dYireGir5NQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1178002207636079466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同浓度乙腈水和三乙胺配制的提取剂对草鱼肌肉中五氯酚酸钠(10 μg/kg)提取效率的影响(n=3), figureFileSmall=eAcjnn58+p/hE5Raeb+K8w==, figureFileBig=2J5qZAIZ5U3dYireGir5NQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1178002207707382637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Effects of different concentrations of formic acid methanol elution on recovery of sodium pentachlorophenolate (10 μg/kg) in Ctenopharyngodon idella muscle (n=3), figureFileSmall=JiZs8wdz24NbIQyuZ3YjLQ==, figureFileBig=cs1lFgBa4e5Rt7a8hF3jiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1178002207787074415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同浓度的甲酸甲醇洗脱液对草鱼肌肉中五氯酚酸钠(10 μg/kg)回收率的影响(n=3)

注: 不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05); 含相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=JiZs8wdz24NbIQyuZ3YjLQ==, figureFileBig=cs1lFgBa4e5Rt7a8hF3jiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1178002207879349105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Gradient elution conditions of mobile phase

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间/min A液/% B液/%
0.00~1.00 80 20
3.00~6.00 5 95
6.10~7.00 80 20
), ArticleFig(id=1178002207963235188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

流动相梯度洗脱条件

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间/min A液/% B液/%
0.00~1.00 80 20
3.00~6.00 5 95
6.10~7.00 80 20
), ArticleFig(id=1178002208068092791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Mass spectrometric parameters of pentachlorophenol sodium

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 监测离子对
(m/z)
锥孔电压/V 碰撞能量/eV
五氯酚酸 262.8>262.8 -30 -10
264.6*>264.6 -30 -10
266.7>266.7 -30 -10
268.7>268.7 -30 -10
), ArticleFig(id=1178002208164561785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

五氯酚酸的质谱监测参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 监测离子对
(m/z)
锥孔电压/V 碰撞能量/eV
五氯酚酸 262.8>262.8 -30 -10
264.6*>264.6 -30 -10
266.7>266.7 -30 -10
268.7>268.7 -30 -10
), ArticleFig(id=1178002208231670651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Linear ranges, regression equations and correlation coefficients of pentachlorophenolic acids in different substrates

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 基质
名称
线性范围/(ng/mL) 线性回归方程 r2
1 草鱼 0.2~8.0 Y=81594.6X+20899 0.9992
2 中华绒
螯蟹
0.2~8.0 Y=92579.3X+5724.5 0.9993
), ArticleFig(id=1178002208294585216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同基质中五氯酚酸的线性范围、线性回归方程和相关系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 基质
名称
线性范围/(ng/mL) 线性回归方程 r2
1 草鱼 0.2~8.0 Y=81594.6X+20899 0.9992
2 中华绒
螯蟹
0.2~8.0 Y=92579.3X+5724.5 0.9993
), ArticleFig(id=1178002208399442818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Recovery rates and relative standard deviation of pentachlorophenolic acid at different samples and different levels of addition

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品
名称
添加水平
/(μg/kg)
批次 回收率/% 批内平均
回收率/%
批间平均
回收率/%
批内相对标准偏差
/%
批间相对标准偏差
/%
1 2 3 4 5 6
草鱼 1.0 1 86.3 92.7 79.1 92.0 77.0 83.5 85.1 86.2 7.62 5.78
2 80.6 90.5 81.8 80.6 83.2 91.1 84.6 5.75
3 86.8 86.2 88.2 90.6 91.7 90.4 89.0 2.51
2.0 1 90.0 89.0 83.9 84.0 89.9 85.4 87.0 86.9 3.36 3.36
2 84.0 87.6 84.2 85.7 83.0 93.4 86.3 4.43
3 84.2 85.4 90.0 87.8 87.1 89.4 87.3 2.60
10.0 1 105.0 90.6 99.4 100.0 99.5 99.1 99.0 99.3 4.77 3.66
2 97.4 103.0 104.0 96.8 98.5 101.0 100.0 3.01
3 99.3 101.0 99.4 95.5 93.9 103.0 98.8 3.58
中华绒螯蟹 1.0 1 81.6 94.1 80.1 80.4 78.6 78.0 82.1 84.9 7.30 6.09
2 86.5 90.9 87.7 78.5 89.6 83.9 86.2 5.21
3 83.6 86.6 93.8 84.9 88.5 80.4 86.3 5.34
2.0 1 90.7 89.3 98.5 82.9 96.5 97.2 92.5 90.1 6.48 6.48
2 81.4 91.7 84.2 90.6 94.9 81.4 87.3 6.62
3 88.7 84.7 97.2 93.9 93.9 83.7 90.4 6.08
10.0 1 92.0 95.6 84.9 97.9 97.5 100.0 94.7 94.9 5.88 4.52
2 94.5 97.4 92.9 95.4 90.4 95.1 94.3 2.57
3 99.2 99.0 86.4 94.0 97.7 98.0 95.7 5.15
), ArticleFig(id=1178002208483328900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153986581091312280, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

五氯酚酸在不同样品和不同添加水平下的回收率和相对标准偏差

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品
名称
添加水平
/(μg/kg)
批次 回收率/% 批内平均
回收率/%
批间平均
回收率/%
批内相对标准偏差
/%
批间相对标准偏差
/%
1 2 3 4 5 6
草鱼 1.0 1 86.3 92.7 79.1 92.0 77.0 83.5 85.1 86.2 7.62 5.78
2 80.6 90.5 81.8 80.6 83.2 91.1 84.6 5.75
3 86.8 86.2 88.2 90.6 91.7 90.4 89.0 2.51
2.0 1 90.0 89.0 83.9 84.0 89.9 85.4 87.0 86.9 3.36 3.36
2 84.0 87.6 84.2 85.7 83.0 93.4 86.3 4.43
3 84.2 85.4 90.0 87.8 87.1 89.4 87.3 2.60
10.0 1 105.0 90.6 99.4 100.0 99.5 99.1 99.0 99.3 4.77 3.66
2 97.4 103.0 104.0 96.8 98.5 101.0 100.0 3.01
3 99.3 101.0 99.4 95.5 93.9 103.0 98.8 3.58
中华绒螯蟹 1.0 1 81.6 94.1 80.1 80.4 78.6 78.0 82.1 84.9 7.30 6.09
2 86.5 90.9 87.7 78.5 89.6 83.9 86.2 5.21
3 83.6 86.6 93.8 84.9 88.5 80.4 86.3 5.34
2.0 1 90.7 89.3 98.5 82.9 96.5 97.2 92.5 90.1 6.48 6.48
2 81.4 91.7 84.2 90.6 94.9 81.4 87.3 6.62
3 88.7 84.7 97.2 93.9 93.9 83.7 90.4 6.08
10.0 1 92.0 95.6 84.9 97.9 97.5 100.0 94.7 94.9 5.88 4.52
2 94.5 97.4 92.9 95.4 90.4 95.1 94.3 2.57
3 99.2 99.0 86.4 94.0 97.7 98.0 95.7 5.15
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超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中五氯酚酸钠残留量
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娄晓祎 1 , 徐依琳 1, 2 , 罗慧娟 3 , 王艺红 4 , 黄宣运 1 , 李水根 5, * , 黄冬梅 1 , 陈旭 1, 2
食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:农兽药残留研究与检测 2025,16(4): 78-85
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:农兽药残留研究与检测 2025, 16(4): 78-85
超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中五氯酚酸钠残留量
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娄晓祎1 , 徐依琳1, 2, 罗慧娟3, 王艺红4, 黄宣运1, 李水根5, * , 黄冬梅1, 陈旭1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 农业农村部水产品质量安全控制重点实验室, 上海 200090
  • 2.上海海洋大学食品学院, 上海 201306
  • 3.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所, 北京 100193
  • 4.漳州市水产技术推广站, 漳州 363000
  • 5.福建省水产技术推广总站, 福州 350002
  • 娄晓祎(1990—), 女, 博士, 副研究员, 主要研究水产品质量安全。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 李水根(1973—), 男, 硕士, 正高级农艺师, 主要研究方向为水产养殖、水产品质量安全与加工。E-mail:
Determination of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in Ctenopharyngodon idella and Eriocheir sinensis by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Xiao-Yi LOU1 , Yi-Lin XU1, 2, Hui-Juan LUO3, Yi-Hong WANG4, Xuan-Yun HUANG1, Shui-Gen LI5, * , Dong-Mei HUANG1, Xu CHEN1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
  • 2. College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
  • 3. Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
  • 4. Zhangzhou Fishery Technology Extension Station, Zhangzhou 363000, China
  • 5. Fujian Fisheries Technology Extension Center, Fuzhou 350002, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241112001
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目的 建立水产品中五氯酚酸钠残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。方法 样品前处理经由80%乙腈水(含5%三乙胺)提取, 上清液经过Waters Oasis MAX固相萃取柱柱净化, 4%甲酸甲醇溶液洗脱后, 采用UPLC-MS/MS的方法进行检测, 使用Waters XBridge C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.10 mm, 3.50 µm); 流动相为A: 0.1%甲酸水(含5 mmol/L醋酸铵), B: 乙腈, 外标法定量, 并对两种基质草鱼肌肉及中华绒螯蟹可食部分中五氯酚酸钠回收率进行考察。结果 草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中五氯酚酸钠残留检测在线性范围0.2~8.0 ng/mL内具有良好的线性关系, 相关系数r2>0.999, 检出限为0.5 μg/kg, 定量限为1.0 μg/kg, 添加浓度1.0、2.0和10.0 μg/kg下的回收率均在77.0%~105%之间, 批内相对标准偏差2.51%~7.62% (n=6), 批间相对标准偏差3.36%~6.48% (n=3)。结论 用本方法测定草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中的五氯酚酸钠残留量, 灵敏度高, 准确度和精密度良好, 操作简便, 适用于水产品中五氯酚酸钠残留量的检测。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法  /  固相萃取  /  水产品  /  五氯酚酸钠

Objective To develop an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in aquatic products. Methods The sample preparation involved extraction with 80% acetonitrile in water containing 5% triethylamine, followed by purification using Waters Oasis MAX solid-phase extraction cartridges. After elution with a 4% formic acid in methanol solution, the pentachlorophenol sodium was analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS using a Waters XBridge C18 column (100 mm × 2.10 mm, 3.50 µm). The mobile phases consisted of A: 0.1% formic acid in water (containing 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate) and B: acetonitrile. Quantification was carried out using the external standard method. The recovery of pentachlorophenol sodium in the muscle of Ctenopharyngodon idella and the eatable part of Eriocheir sinensis matrices was examined. Results The linear range of the pentachlorophenol sodium residue detection method in Ctenopharyngodon idella and Eriocheir sinensis was 0.2 to 8.0 ng/mL (r2>0.999). The limit of detection was 0.5 μg/kg and limit of quantification was 1.0 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries at spiking levels of 1.0, 2.0, and 10 μg/kg were within the range of 77.0% to 105%. Intra-assay relative standard deviations ranged from 2.51% to 7.62% (n=6), and inter-assay relative standard deviations ranged from 3.36% to 6.48% (n=3). Conclusion The developed UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in Ctenopharyngodon idella and Eriocheir sinensis matrices is highly sensitive, accurate, and precise, with good repeatability and reproducibility, and is therefore suitable for the detection of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in aquatic products.

ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry  /  solid phase extraction  /  aquatic products  /  pentachlorophenol sodium
娄晓祎, 徐依琳, 罗慧娟, 王艺红, 黄宣运, 李水根, 黄冬梅, 陈旭. 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中五氯酚酸钠残留量. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (4) : 78 -85 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241112001
Xiao-Yi LOU, Yi-Lin XU, Hui-Juan LUO, Yi-Hong WANG, Xuan-Yun HUANG, Shui-Gen LI, Dong-Mei HUANG, Xu CHEN. Determination of pentachlorophenol sodium residues in Ctenopharyngodon idella and Eriocheir sinensis by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (4) : 78 -85 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241112001
五氯酚酸钠(pentachlorophenol sodium salt, C6Cl5NaO)是一种广谱、高效且经济实惠的有机氯农药, 曾被广泛用于除草、杀虫和植物真菌防治[1-3]。五氯酚酸钠化学性质稳定, 难以生物降解, 由于频繁和过度使用, 已经导致五氯酚酸钠对环境产生了严重污染[4-8]。环境中的五氯酚酸钠可通过呼吸、饮食等多种途径进入人体[9]。研究表明, 五氯酚酸钠同时具有酚类和有机氯毒性, 可抑制生物代谢中的氧化磷酸化, 对人体肝脏、肾脏和中枢神经系统造成损害[10-13]。随着对食品质量安全要求的不断提高, 在我国动物性食品中五氯酚酸钠已被列为禁用药物。但是, 有文献报道在鲜活淡水鱼抽查中存在五氯酚酸钠的检出情况(1.15~543 ug/kg), 说明禁用药检出的问题时有发生[6]。因此建立一种灵敏、高效的水产品中五氯酚酸钠残留量的检测方法具有十分重要的应用价值。
五氯酚酸钠的检测方法主要有液相色谱法[14]、气相色谱法[15]、气相色谱-质谱法[16-17]、液相色谱-串联质谱法[18-19]、超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC- MS/MS)[20-21]、分光光度法[22]、电化学分析方法[23-24]以及免疫分析法[25-26]等。液相色谱法和气相色谱法有重现性较好和定量更为准确的优点, 但灵敏度难以满足要求。气相色谱法及气相色谱-串联质谱法通常需要将沸点较高且难以气化的五氯酚酸钠预处理为非极性且易于气化的五氯苯甲醚。这个过程操作复杂且烦琐, 不利于提高检测效率。UPLC-MS/MS在定性和定量分析方面具有高度灵敏性和可靠性, 是测定五氯酚酸钠的主要分析方法。目前使用UPLC-MS/MS技术检测猪肉[27]、鸡蛋[28]、牛奶[29]等动物源性食品中五氯酚酸钠的研究已有报道, 但水产品中仍缺乏相关研究, 可能的原因是水产品样品的基质较为复杂, 同时水产品中的五氯酚酸钠的含量较低, 这就对方法的检出限要求更高。
本研究以草鱼和中华绒螯蟹为研究对象, 采用离子交换固相萃取柱净化, UPLC-MS/MS检测, 旨在建立一种对水产品中五氯酚酸钠残留量的高灵敏度和高准确度的检测方法, 为水产品的质量安全监管提供技术支持, 以确保公众健康和食品质量安全。
实验样品为草鱼和中华绒螯蟹, 来源于上海市阳普顺平菜市场。
五氯酚酸钠(CAS号: 131-52-2, 纯度≥95%)、甲醇、乙腈、三乙胺、甲酸、醋酸铵(色谱纯, 上海阿拉丁试剂公司)。
Waters Acquity UPLC H-Class Plus-Xevo TQ XS超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪、Waters Oasis MAX混合型强阴离子交换固相萃取柱(60 mg/3 mL)、Waters XBridge C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.10 mm, 3.50 µm)(美国Waters公司); 涡旋振荡器(MTS 240C, 德国IKA公司); KQ-300V超声波清洗器(昆山市超声仪器有限公司); CF16RⅫ高速冷冻离心机(日本HITACHI公司); Milli-Q超纯水仪(美国Millipore公司); AE200电子天平(感量0.0001 g, 瑞士梅特勒托利多公司); JY5002电子天平(感量0.01 g, 上海精天电子仪器厂); 0.22 μm聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE)针式过滤器(上海安谱实验科技股份有限公司)。
分别称取精确至0.01 g的匀质草鱼肌肉组织和中华绒螯蟹可食组织2.00 g, 放入50 mL离心管中。向离心管中加入6 mL 80%乙腈(含5%三乙胺)水溶液, 涡旋振荡10 min, 随后在室温下超声水浴提取10 min, 4 ℃下8000 r/min离心5 min。收集上清液置于另一15 mL离心管中。离心管后的残渣用6 mL 80%乙腈水(含5%三乙胺)溶液再次提取, 与第一次提取后的上清液合并。MAX固相萃取柱依次用甲醇和水各3 mL活化, 将待净化溶液以不超过1 mL/min的流速全部通过固相萃取柱。取5%氨水溶液、甲醇、50%甲醇水(含2%甲酸)溶液各3 mL, 依次进行淋洗并抽干。用4 mL的4%甲酸甲醇溶液进行洗脱至具刻度管中, 并用洗脱液定容至5 mL, 过0.22 µm微孔滤膜, 供UPLC-MS/MS测定。
色谱柱: Waters XBridge C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.10 mm, 3.50 µm); 流动相: A: 0.1%甲酸水(含5 mmol/L醋酸铵), B: 乙腈; 流速: 0.50 mL/min; 进样量: 5.0 μL; 柱温: 40.0 ℃; 梯度洗脱条件见表1
质谱条件: 电喷雾离子源(electrospray ionization, ESI); 多反应监测; 负离子扫描; 毛细管电压: 1500 V; 脱溶剂气温度: 600.0 ℃; 离子源温度: 120.0 ℃。其他参数见表2
标准储备液: 取适量的五氯酚酸钠标准品, 加入甲醇, 并定容至10 mL, 充分混匀后配制成质量浓度为1 mg/mL标准储备液。
标准工作液: 取100 μL五氯酚酸钠标准储备液, 加入甲醇并定容至10 mL。再取100 μL定容后的溶液, 加入甲醇并定容至10 mL, 即得100 ng/mL五氯酚酸钠标准工作液, 现配现用。
空白基质溶液: 称取草鱼和中华绒螯蟹空白试样, 经1.3.1所述方法处理, 制成空白基质溶液。
标准工作曲线: 吸取一定量的五氯酚酸钠标准工作液, 分别用草鱼和中华绒螯蟹的空白基质溶液稀释成质量浓度为0.2、0.4、0.8、2.0、4.0、8.0 ng/mL的草鱼和中华绒螯蟹的系列标准工作液。
本研究前处理条件优化均为3次平行测定, 方法学验证为6次平行测定。UPLC-MS/MS数据采集使用Waters Mass Lynx V4.2软件, 处理数据和绘图采用Origin 2024软件。
本研究采用Waters XBridge C18色谱柱(100 mm× 2.10 mm, 3.50 µm)进行色谱分离, 分别使用水相0.1%甲酸水/0.1%甲酸水(含5 mmol/L醋酸铵)和有机相甲醇/乙腈组合成的4种流动相体系对8 ng/mL五氯酚酸钠标准溶液进行分离效果及峰信号强度的考察。结果表明, 在有机相为甲醇的流动相体系下五氯酚酸钠的峰形不规整, 存在明显干扰杂峰; 在流动相体系为0.1%甲酸水-乙腈时的峰型较差, 而在0.1%甲酸水(含5 mmol/L醋酸铵)-乙腈的流动相体系下五氯酚酸钠峰型有明显改善, 信号响应增强。因此, 最终选择流动相0.1%甲酸水(含5 mmol/L醋酸铵)-乙腈进行梯度洗脱, 五氯酚酸钠标准溶液总离子流图见图1
五氯酚酸钠含有酚羟基, 因此本研究采用ESI负离子扫描模式进行分析。由于五氯酚酸钠的苯环结构中共轭双键的存在, 结构稳定, 使其在离子源中难以破碎, 离子化效率低, 难以获得特征子离子。为满足4个识别点的确证要求, 因此选择五氯酚酸钠中氯元素的4个同位素母离子对(262.8/262.8、264.6/264.6、266.7/266.7、268.7/268.7)作为定性定量离子对。图2为五氯酚酸钠标准溶液(8 ng/mL)的提取离子色谱图。由图2可知, 264.6/264.6离子对响应高, 干扰小。因此, 本研究最终选择264.6/264.6作为定量离子对, 选择262.8/262.8、266.7/266.7、268.7/268.7作为定性离子对。在多反应监测模式下优化锥孔电压, 碰撞能量, 优化结果见表2
五氯酚属于酸性化合物, 其解离常数(pKa)为4.93[30], 在pKa至少高两个单位的碱性溶液下呈离子态, 更易溶于水, 在pKa至少低两个单位的酸性溶液下呈分子状态, 更易溶于有机溶剂。查阅相关文献发现[31], 五氯酚酸钠的提取效率与提取剂的酸碱性有关, 且碱性提取剂优于酸性提取剂。三乙胺是提取五氯酚钠过程中常用的试剂, 能提供碱性环境, 又因水产品富含脂肪、蛋白质等物质, 乙腈沉淀蛋白的效果优于甲醇等溶剂[32], 故本实验采用含三乙胺的乙腈水溶液作提取剂, 设计提取优化方案。
分别以含5%、8%、10%三乙胺的70%、80%、90%乙腈水溶液作为提取剂, 对空白草鱼肌肉10 μg/kg加标样品进行提取, 考察其加标回收率和精密度, 实验结果见图3。对比含5%、8%和10%三乙胺浓度的乙腈水发现, 不同浓度的三乙胺在提取效率上的差异不显著(P>0.05), 但从节约试剂的角度出发, 在提取过程中选择了5%的三乙胺浓度。同时, 随着乙腈比例从70%增加到90%, 回收率从86.8%提高到92.3%。但当乙腈含量达90%时, 草鱼基质出现结块情况, 分散程度较差。因此, 综合考虑采用80%乙腈水溶液(含5%三乙胺)作为提取液。
五氯酚酸钠经碱性提取液提取后呈离子状态, 使用MAX固相萃取柱处理时, 可与固相萃取柱填料上的季铵基发生离子交换作用而被保留。该类型的固相萃取柱更适用于复杂水产品基质中五氯酚酸钠的富集净化。
本研究考察不同浓度甲酸甲醇(甲酸浓度分别为0.1%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%、8.0%、10.0%)作洗脱剂对草鱼肌肉中五氯酚酸钠回收率的影响, 在空白草鱼肌肉中添加10 μg/kg五氯酚酸钠, 按照实验方法进行前处理, 结果见图4。研究发现, 当甲酸含量在2.0%以上时, 回收率均在90%以上, 且甲酸含量为4.0%时最高, 平均回收率达到94.9%。但甲酸溶液易挥发, 造成pH升高而使回收率降低。因此, 最终采用4.0%甲酸甲醇作为洗脱液, 且现用现配。
由于水产品基质中的脂肪、蛋白质较影响目标化合物在质谱测定过程中的响应, 造成分析方法结果的精密度和准确度的降低。基质效应(matrix effects, ME)计算公式见公式(1)[33]。本研究中用甲醇配制的试剂配制标准工作曲线线性方程为Y=76736.3X+9497.4, r2=0.9990, 草鱼及中华绒螯蟹空白基质液标准工作曲线的线性方程见表3。结果显示, 草鱼基质的ME为107% (80%≤ME≤120%); 中华绒螯蟹基质的ME为121% (ME>120%)。该结果表明, 五氯酚酸钠在中华绒螯蟹基质中存在基质增强效应。为保证定量结果的准确性和重现性, 本研究均以基质匹配标准工作曲线进行定量计算, 计算公式见(1)。
$\mathrm{ME} / \%=\frac{K_{1}}{K_{2}} \times 100 \%$
式中: K1为空白基质匹配标准工作曲线斜率; K2为试剂配制标准工作曲线斜率。
按照1.3.4配制基质匹配标准工作曲线进行测定, 以标准溶液质量浓度为横坐标(X, ng/mL), 对应的峰面积(Y)为纵坐标绘制标准曲线, 得到草鱼和中华绒螯蟹基质的线性回归方程, 相关系数(r2)、线性范围, 如表3所示。草鱼和中华绒螯蟹基质中五氯酚酸钠在线性范围0.2~8.0 ng/mL内均具有良好的线性关系, 相关系数均大于0.999。按照GB/T 27417—2017《合格评定 化学分析方法确认和验证指南》规范, 以中华绒螯蟹基质为基准, 采用信噪比法确定本方法的检出限(limit of detection, LOD)为0.5 μg/kg, 定量限(limit of quantitation, LOQ)为1.0 μg/kg。结果表明, 本方法线性范围宽, 检出限低, 灵敏度高。
为考察本方法的准确度和精密度, 分别选取草鱼肌肉、中华绒螯蟹可食部分作基质进行加标回收实验。称取2 g空白样品, 分别添加五氯酚酸钠1.0、2.0和10.0 μg/kg 3个浓度水平, 每个加标水平重复试验6次, 重复3个批次, 按1.3中所述方法进行样品前处理及色谱质谱测定, 外标法定量, 计算五氯酚酸钠的平均回收率和相对标准偏差。结果如表4所示, 五氯酚酸钠在两种基质的加标回收率均在77.0%~105.0%之间, 批内相对标准偏差在2.51%~7.62%之间, 批间相对标准偏差在3.36%~6.48%之间, 说明本方法精密度高, 准确性好。以上结果均满足GB 5009.295—2023《食品安全国家标准 化学分析方法验证通则》的要求。
对上海市场的10个草鱼和10个中华绒螯蟹样品进行抽样检测, 均未检测到五氯酚酸钠残留。
本研究建立了一种适用于草鱼和中华绒螯蟹中五氯酚酸钠残留量的UPLC-MS/MS。水产样品经80%乙腈水(含5%三乙胺)提取, 上清液经过Waters Oasis MAX固相萃取柱柱净化后, 可实现对水产品中五氯酚酸钠残留的有效监测。该方法重复性好, 灵敏度高, 操作简单。本研究为检测水产品中五氯酚酸钠的残留提供了有力的技术支持, 可以很好地满足水产品中五氯酚酸钠的实际检测需要。
  • 上海科技兴农项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01108)
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241112001
  • 接收时间:2024-11-12
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
  • 出版时间:2025-02-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-12
基金
上海科技兴农项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01108)
作者信息
    1.中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 农业农村部水产品质量安全控制重点实验室, 上海 200090
    2.上海海洋大学食品学院, 上海 201306
    3.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所, 北京 100193
    4.漳州市水产技术推广站, 漳州 363000
    5.福建省水产技术推广总站, 福州 350002

通讯作者:

* 李水根(1973—), 男, 硕士, 正高级农艺师, 主要研究方向为水产养殖、水产品质量安全与加工。E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spaq/CN/10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241112001
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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