Article(id=1153433635526005438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433633999282214, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241224006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1734969600000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752929608470, onlineDateStr=2025-07-19, pubDate=1742832000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752929608470, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752929608470, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752929608470, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153433633999282214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='322', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752929608105, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758086445549, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1175062977960096080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433633999282214, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1175062977960096081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433633999282214, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=261, endPage=265, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153433637614768885, articleId=1153433635526005438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Genomic characteristics analysis of a multidrug-resistant foodborne Listeria monocytogenes strain, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To isolate a strain of Listeria monocytogenes from frozen chicken meat sold in Gansu Province and analyze its serotype, antibiotic resistance phenotype, and genomic characteristics. Methods The slide agglutination method was used for serological identification, the broth microdilution method was used to analyze the sensitivity of the strain to 8 kinds of antibiotics, and the genomic characteristics were analyzed by sequencing. Results The strain was identified as Listeria monocytogenes by 16S rDNA species identification, with a 1/2a serotype, phylogenetic lineage II, subline SL 155, and clone CC 155 MLST 705, cgMLST 13240. Sensitive to 4 kinds of antibiotics including ampicillin, penicillin, vancomycin, and meropenem, and multidrug-resistant to 4 kinds of antibiotics including erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and compound sulfamethoxazole. Simultaneously carrying aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, dfrG, fosX, lnu(B), lsa(E), erm(B), tet(S) and tet(M) 9 kinds of resistance genes, carrying 5 virulence genes of LIPI-1, prfA gene deletion, carrying 12 kinds of internalization genes, no premature stop codon of inlA gene carrying, no LIPI-3, and LIPI-4. Conclusions The Listeria monocytogenes carries abundant virulence genes and resistance genes, and its resistance phenotype is basically consistent with the resistance genes, showing multiple drug resistance, providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of listeriosis.

, correspAuthors=Jing ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiao-Li FANG, Jing ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153433651648909476, articleId=1153433635526005438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=一株多重耐药性单增李斯特菌全基因组分析, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 从甘肃省市售冷冻鸡肉中分离到一株单增李斯特菌, 分析其血清型、耐药表型及其基因组特征。方法 玻片凝集法进行血清学鉴定, 微量肉汤法分析菌株对8种抗生素敏感性, 测序分析其基因组特征。结果 该菌株经过16s rDNA种属鉴定为单增李斯特菌, 为1/2a血清型, 系统发育谱系Ⅱ、亚系SL 155、克隆群CC 155、MLST 705、cgMLST 13240。对氨苄西林、青霉素、万古霉素、美罗培南4种抗生素敏感, 对红霉素、环丙沙星、四环素和复方新诺明4种抗生素多重耐药。同时携带aph(3')-IIIant(6)-IadfrGfosXlnu(B)lsa(E)erm(B)tet(S)tet(M) 9种耐药基因, 携带LIPI-1的5个毒力基因, prfA基因缺失, 携带12种内化素基因, 未检测到inlA基因携带提前终止密码子, 不携带LIPI-3和LIPI-4。结论 该菌携带丰富的毒力基因和耐药基因, 其耐药表型与耐药基因基本一致, 表现出多重耐药, 为李斯特菌病的防治提供参考依据。

, correspAuthors=张璟, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 张璟(1980—), 女, 硕士研究生, 副主任检验师, 主要研究方向为食源性致病微生物检验和流行病学研究。E-mail:
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方小丽(1978—), 女, 副主任检验师, 主要研究方向为细菌耐药性监测和耐药机制研究。E-mail:

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方小丽(1978—), 女, 副主任检验师, 主要研究方向为细菌耐药性监测和耐药机制研究。E-mail:

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方小丽(1978—), 女, 副主任检验师, 主要研究方向为细菌耐药性监测和耐药机制研究。E-mail:

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Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175086724947521902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635526005438, companyId=1175086724934938988, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.甘肃省疾病预防控制中心, 兰州 730000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1175086726147092865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635526005438, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Genetic map of LM03, figureFileSmall=9S7iEHi/PF4nw9eRgvZ+hg==, figureFileBig=piOgHqlokL/FLpa97Fk8sw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086726402945412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635526005438, language=CN, label=图1, caption=LM03基因组图, figureFileSmall=9S7iEHi/PF4nw9eRgvZ+hg==, figureFileBig=piOgHqlokL/FLpa97Fk8sw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086726507803013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635526005438, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Results of homology comparison of drug-resistant genes, figureFileSmall=W04DBKqL+0O6612x1095ag==, figureFileBig=0P3CrYjF9ps6Y9K30MOEIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086726574911878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635526005438, language=CN, label=图2, caption=耐药基因同源性比对结果

注: A. tet(M)耐药基因同源性比对结果; B. aph(3')-IIIlerm(B)ant(6)-Ialnu(B)sa(E)耐药基因同源性比对结果; C. tet(S)耐药基因同源性比对结果; D. dfrG耐药基因同源性比对结果。

, figureFileSmall=W04DBKqL+0O6612x1095ag==, figureFileBig=0P3CrYjF9ps6Y9K30MOEIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086726843347335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635526005438, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Results of LM03 antimicrobial susceptibility test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
抗菌药物
抗菌药物质量浓度范围/(μg/mL) 判定折点
/(μg/mL)
MIC值
/(μg/mL)
解释
分类
氨苄西林 0.03~32 S≤2 0.25 S
青霉素 0.03~32 S≤2 0.03 S
四环素 0.03~32 S≤4, I=8, R≥16 16 R
红霉素 0.03~32 S≤0.5, I=1~4, R≥8 16 R
万古霉素 0.03~32 S≤2, I=4~8, R≥16 0.5 S
环丙沙星 0.03~32 S≤1, I=2, R≥4 8 R
美罗培南 0.0075~8 S≤0.25 0.125 S
复方新诺明 0.007/0.15~8/152 S≤0.5/9.5 8/152 R
), ArticleFig(id=1175086727078228360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635526005438, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

LM03抗菌药物敏感性试验结果表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
抗菌药物
抗菌药物质量浓度范围/(μg/mL) 判定折点
/(μg/mL)
MIC值
/(μg/mL)
解释
分类
氨苄西林 0.03~32 S≤2 0.25 S
青霉素 0.03~32 S≤2 0.03 S
四环素 0.03~32 S≤4, I=8, R≥16 16 R
红霉素 0.03~32 S≤0.5, I=1~4, R≥8 16 R
万古霉素 0.03~32 S≤2, I=4~8, R≥16 0.5 S
环丙沙星 0.03~32 S≤1, I=2, R≥4 8 R
美罗培南 0.0075~8 S≤0.25 0.125 S
复方新诺明 0.007/0.15~8/152 S≤0.5/9.5 8/152 R
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一株多重耐药性单增李斯特菌全基因组分析
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方小丽 1 , 张璟 2, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(6): 261-265
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(6): 261-265
一株多重耐药性单增李斯特菌全基因组分析
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方小丽1 , 张璟2, *
作者信息
  • 1.青海省果洛州疾病预防控制中心, 果洛州 814000
  • 2.甘肃省疾病预防控制中心, 兰州 730000
  • 方小丽(1978—), 女, 副主任检验师, 主要研究方向为细菌耐药性监测和耐药机制研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 张璟(1980—), 女, 硕士研究生, 副主任检验师, 主要研究方向为食源性致病微生物检验和流行病学研究。E-mail:
Genomic characteristics analysis of a multidrug-resistant foodborne Listeria monocytogenes strain
Xiao-Li FANG1 , Jing ZHANG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Guoluo Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qinghai Province, Guoluo 814000, China
  • 2. Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China
出版时间: 2025-03-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241224006
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目的 从甘肃省市售冷冻鸡肉中分离到一株单增李斯特菌, 分析其血清型、耐药表型及其基因组特征。方法 玻片凝集法进行血清学鉴定, 微量肉汤法分析菌株对8种抗生素敏感性, 测序分析其基因组特征。结果 该菌株经过16s rDNA种属鉴定为单增李斯特菌, 为1/2a血清型, 系统发育谱系Ⅱ、亚系SL 155、克隆群CC 155、MLST 705、cgMLST 13240。对氨苄西林、青霉素、万古霉素、美罗培南4种抗生素敏感, 对红霉素、环丙沙星、四环素和复方新诺明4种抗生素多重耐药。同时携带aph(3')-IIIant(6)-IadfrGfosXlnu(B)lsa(E)erm(B)tet(S)tet(M) 9种耐药基因, 携带LIPI-1的5个毒力基因, prfA基因缺失, 携带12种内化素基因, 未检测到inlA基因携带提前终止密码子, 不携带LIPI-3和LIPI-4。结论 该菌携带丰富的毒力基因和耐药基因, 其耐药表型与耐药基因基本一致, 表现出多重耐药, 为李斯特菌病的防治提供参考依据。

单增李斯特菌  /  毒力基因  /  耐药表型  /  耐药基因

Objective To isolate a strain of Listeria monocytogenes from frozen chicken meat sold in Gansu Province and analyze its serotype, antibiotic resistance phenotype, and genomic characteristics. Methods The slide agglutination method was used for serological identification, the broth microdilution method was used to analyze the sensitivity of the strain to 8 kinds of antibiotics, and the genomic characteristics were analyzed by sequencing. Results The strain was identified as Listeria monocytogenes by 16S rDNA species identification, with a 1/2a serotype, phylogenetic lineage II, subline SL 155, and clone CC 155 MLST 705, cgMLST 13240. Sensitive to 4 kinds of antibiotics including ampicillin, penicillin, vancomycin, and meropenem, and multidrug-resistant to 4 kinds of antibiotics including erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and compound sulfamethoxazole. Simultaneously carrying aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, dfrG, fosX, lnu(B), lsa(E), erm(B), tet(S) and tet(M) 9 kinds of resistance genes, carrying 5 virulence genes of LIPI-1, prfA gene deletion, carrying 12 kinds of internalization genes, no premature stop codon of inlA gene carrying, no LIPI-3, and LIPI-4. Conclusions The Listeria monocytogenes carries abundant virulence genes and resistance genes, and its resistance phenotype is basically consistent with the resistance genes, showing multiple drug resistance, providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of listeriosis.

Listeria monocytogenes  /  virulence genes  /  resistance phenotype  /  resistance genes
方小丽, 张璟. 一株多重耐药性单增李斯特菌全基因组分析. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (6) : 261 -265 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241224006
Xiao-Li FANG, Jing ZHANG. Genomic characteristics analysis of a multidrug-resistant foodborne Listeria monocytogenes strain[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (6) : 261 -265 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241224006
单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌(Listeria monocytogenes), 又称单增李斯特菌, 是一种细胞内寄生的人畜共患的病原菌, 也是常见的食源性致病菌, 人们食用了被其污染的食物可引起李斯特菌病。与其他常见的食源性致病菌引起的胃肠道症状不同, 其主要会引起人类脑膜炎、败血症和孕妇流产等, 老人、儿童和孕妇多为高危人群[1]。由于该菌耐受低温的特征导致其在冷藏冷冻的环境条件下也能长期存活, 因此冷藏冷冻类即食食品, 如生食水产品、散装熟肉制品、即食非发酵豆制品、雪糕冰激凌等单增李斯特菌的检出率较高[2-5], 目前临床上用来治疗李斯特菌病的抗生素以青霉素为首选药物, 复方新诺明为备选药物[6], 有文献表明目前该菌对临床首选及备选抗菌药物耐药水平较低[7-8], 但在滥用抗生素的压力下, 也出现了耐药的报道[9-14]。近年来, 单增李斯特菌越来越被人们关注, 分子生物学技术尤其基因测序的方法已被广泛用于食源性致病菌的研究[7], 本研究从3703份食品样品中分离到140株单增李斯特菌, 又从中筛选出一株多重耐药的单增李斯特菌, 通过血清分型、抗菌药物敏感性检测、基因组测序, 分析其特征, 以期为单增李斯特菌引起的食源性疾病的防控及临床救治提供参考。
该菌分离自甘肃省市售冷冻鸡肉, 生化鉴定为单增李斯特菌, 编号为LM03, 置于瓷珠菌株保存管中于-80 ℃超低温冰箱冻存。
抗菌药物敏感性检测板(上海复星诊断科技有限公司); 菌株复苏用血琼脂平板(青岛海博生物技术有限公司); 单增李斯特菌诊断血清套装(株式会社日本生物科学研究所); 核酸提取试剂盒(德国Qiagen公司); 文库构建及测序试剂盒(美国Illumina公司)。
BD 115型培养箱(德国Binder公司); Micro-CHEK Plus型数字浊度分析仪(上海皓信生物科技有限公司); NanoDrop 1000型超微量分光光度计(美国Nanodrop公司); ViiA7型PCR仪(美国ABI公司); NextSeq 550型基因测序仪(美国Illumina公司)。
将冻存的菌株接种于血琼脂平板进行复苏。在无菌玻片滴加单增李斯特菌诊断血清同时以生理盐水作为对照, 分别用接种环挑取适量菌株培养物, 研磨使其与血清或生理盐水充分混匀呈乳状液体, 在30~60 s内黑色背景下观察是否发生凝集。
参考临床与实验室标准化协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI)文件M45-A3选择氨苄西林、青霉素、红霉素、环丙沙星、万古霉素、美罗培南、四环素和复方新诺明8种抗菌药物, 定制微量肉汤稀释法的96孔抗菌药物敏感性试验检测板。复苏菌株后, 制作0.5麦氏浓度的菌悬液, 取60 μL于10 mL营养肉汤混匀后接种抗菌药物敏感性试验检测板, 每孔接种100 μL, 阴性对照孔加入100 μL无菌营养肉汤。35 ℃培养16~20 h, 观察记录各抗菌药物未见有菌生长的最低浓度即为该抗生素对该菌株的最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC)。参照国家食源性疾病监测工作手册抗生素MIC解释标准进行判读。
提取菌株基因组DNA, 使用超微量分光光度计NanoDrop 1000检测DNA浓度和质量, 通过限制性内切酶将基因组消化, 进行末端修饰, 添加接头并进行聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)扩增构建文库, 采用NextSeq 550测序平台通过桥式PCR的方法进行测序, 测序深度200×。
利用BioNumreics Version 7.6.3对原始数据进行过滤和质控、拼接组装、注释。
利用INSTITUT PASTEUR单增李斯特菌数据库(https://bigsdb.pasteur.fr/listeria/)分析基因组, 明确系统发育谱系、亚系(sublineage, SL)、克隆群(clonal complex, CC)、多位点序列分型(multilocus sequence typing, MLST)、全基因组多位点序列分型(complete genome multilocus sequencetyping, cgMLST)、血清型、毒力基因。利用Expasy翻译工具(https://web.expasy.org/translate/)分析菌株inlA基因序列是否含有提前终止密码子。利用Plasmid Finder 2.1(dtu.dk)寻找质粒基因。
利用ResFinder v4.1 (https://cge.food.dtu.dk/services/ResFinder/)数据库, 对基因组序列中耐药基因进行分析, 核酸最小覆盖度和最小一致性设定为80%。使用NCBI数据库将耐药基因上游和下游各5kb的序列进行BLAST比对, 明确最为相近的基因序列。
使用BioNumreics Version7.6.3对基因组注释作图, 使用Easyfig2.2.3软件对耐药基因BLAST在线比对结果进行作图。
菌株LM03基因组全长为3109279 bp, G+C含量39.48%, 基因组中包含3120个CDSs (coding sequences), 见图1。与INSTITUT PASTEUR数据库等位基因的匹配率为98.3% (1718/1748), 通过PlasmidFinder 2.1(dtu.dk)发现LM03基因组携带两个质粒, 分别为rep25_2_ M640p00130(J1776plasmid)_CP006612、repUS43_1_ CDS12738 (DOp1)_CP003584。
菌株经过16s rDNA种属鉴定为单增李斯特菌, 基因分型为系统发育谱系Ⅱ、亚系SL 155、克隆群CC 155、MLST 705、cgMLST 13240。玻片凝集血清型为1/2a血清型, 与基因组预测的血清型结果一致。
药物敏感性试验结果显示对氨苄西林、青霉素、万古霉素、美罗培南等4种抗生素均敏感, 对红霉素、环丙沙星、四环素和复方新诺明4种抗生素多重耐药, 见表1
该菌同时携带9种耐药基因: aph(3')-IIIant(6)-IadfrGfosXlnu(B)lsa(E)erm(B)tet(S)tet(M), 其中tet(S)tet(M)介导四环素耐药, erm(B)介导红霉素耐药, dfrG介导复方新诺明耐药, 耐药表型与其耐药基因型的携带情况基本一致。
通过对各耐药基因进行BLAST在线比对, 发现该菌的tet(M)耐药基因与猪链球菌LSM102(CP016175)和头葡萄球菌TW2795 (AP014956)中相应序列正向Blast完全一致。aph(3')-IIIlerm(B)ant(6)-Ialnu(B)sa(E) 5个耐药基因位于同一段基因序列上, 且与英诺克李斯特菌质粒pLI203 (CP071158.1)的相应序列100%一致, tet(S)耐药基因也与该质粒也高度同源(>95%), 但位于另一段基因序列上。dfrG耐药基因与粪肠球菌UAMSEF_08染色体(CP035654.1)一段序列反向Blast具有较高的同源性(>95%)(图2)。
李斯特菌毒力岛-1 (Listeria pathogenicity island-1, LIPI-1)包含prfAplcAhlymplactAplcB, 该菌携带LIPI-1的plcAhlymplactAplcB 5个毒力基因, 缺失了prfA基因, 该菌携带12种内化素基因(internalin genes, in), 包括inlAinlBinlCinlC2inlDinlEinlFinlGinlHinlJinlKinlL, 且inlA基因未发生提前终止(premature stop codon, PMSC)。该菌均不携带LIPI-3和LIPI-4。
应激生存岛-1 (stress survival islet-1, SSI-1)包含lmo0444lmo0445lmo0446lmo0447lmo0448 5种基因, 该菌均携带。未发现携带李斯特菌基因组岛(listeria genomic island, LGI)中的LGI1和LGI2, LGI1应包含emrCemrEbcrABCqacHqacA基因, 是一类具有抗季胺盐类消毒剂的基因簇。LGI2应包含cadAcadC介导对重金属镉的抗性基因以及8个介导对重金属砷抗性基因arsA1arsA2arsB1arsB2arsD1arsD2arsR1arsR2。同时未发现该菌携带相关转座子。
全基因组测序技术已广泛用于食源性致病菌的基因组分析, 通过分析基因组特征可以及时获得菌株的系统进化、毒力、耐药性、抗性等大量信息, 有助于食源性疾病溯源, 预测毒力及临床耐药状况, 为流行病学调查与处置提供依据[15-16]。单增李斯特菌现有14个血清型[17-18], 分属4个谱系, 每个谱系有多个亚系, 其下有若干CC克隆群, 每个克隆群包含相差一个等位基因的一个或多个MLST型。大多数食源性单增李斯特菌属于谱系Ⅰ和谱系Ⅱ, 本研究菌株属于1/2a血清型、谱系Ⅱ, 是常见食品分离株的谱系和血清型[19-20]
药物敏感性试验结果显示对红霉素、环丙沙星、四环素和复方新诺明4种抗生素多重耐药, 携带9种耐药基因, fosX基因介导磷霉素的耐药, 李斯特菌均携带该基因, 对该抗生素天然耐药[21], 据报道其耐药机制与磷霉素抗性蛋白FosX催化磷霉素(1R, 2S)-环氧丙基膦酸的水合作用相关[22], 还有文献报道李斯特菌对第三代头孢菌素和第一代喹诺酮类药物也存在天然耐药性, 除此之外, 对用于革兰氏阳性菌治疗的各种常用抗生素均敏感, 尤其对复方新诺明多年保持低耐药率(3/360, 1.0%)[23], 但目前单增李斯特菌在抗菌药物的压力下其耐药范围逐渐扩大, 对氨苄西林、青霉素类及复方星诺明耐药均呈现耐药[9-14]。本研究菌株耐药表型中复方新诺明(磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄氨嘧啶)耐药, 其携带耐药基因dfrG介导甲氧苄氨嘧啶耐药, 其耐药表型与其耐药基因一致。
Blast分析比对结果, 该菌的tet(M)耐药基因与头葡萄球菌TW2795 (AP014956)和猪链球菌LSM102 (CP016175)完全一致, 提示基因可能源自这些菌, 耐药基因dfrG与粪肠球菌UAMSEF_08染色体(CP035654.1)一段序列反向Blast具有较高的同源性, 也提示耐药基因dfrG的可能源自该粪肠球菌, 但其转移机制尚不明确。lsa(E)lnu(B)ant(6)-Iaerm(B)aph(3')-III、tet(S)这6个耐药基因与英诺克李斯特菌质粒pLI203 (CP071158.1)同源, 因此推测这些基因的获得这可能是通过质粒这一可移动元件来实现的, 除了质粒, 整合子和转座子也是重要的基因转移介导方式之一, 这种方式的基因传递在链球菌、肠球菌及李斯特菌之间非常常见[24]
单增李斯特菌毒力基因的携带与否决定了其致病能力强弱甚至有无。完整的LIPI-1毒力岛由6个基因组成, 对于细菌在细胞内的存活至关重要, 这些基因与细菌的吞噬体逃逸(hlyplcAplcBmpl)、运动和细胞间传播(act)以及基因调控(prfA)紧密相关, 通常具有极高的保守性[25-26], 但本研究菌株缺失了prfA基因, 它对菌株的致病力的影响有待进一步研究。此外, 该菌携带了12种内化素基因, 该类基因与单增李斯特菌的附着和侵袭相关, 其中inlAinlB基因主导侵袭作用, 此外还有介导黏附(inlF, inlJ)、细胞间扩散(inlC)和自噬逃避(inlK)等的内化素基因[27-29]。有文献报道部分李斯特菌的inlA基因内含有提前终止密码子, 这使得其编码的蛋白功能减弱或失去活性[30]。该菌株携带SSI-1的5种基因, 有研究表明SSI-1与单增李斯特菌在逆性环境下耐受能力相关, 如高浓度氯化钠、低pH、高浓度胆盐等恶劣条件下的抗性有关[31], 有研究显示SSI-1与环境胁迫条件下单增李斯特菌的生物膜形成密切相关[32], 因此本研究所分离的菌株LM03可能具有相应的耐受性或适应性。
综上, 本研究分析的单增李斯特菌LM03为1/2a血清型, 系统发育谱系II, 其耐药表型和耐药基因基本一致, 携带丰富的毒力基因、耐药基因及抗性基因, 提示今后应进一步加强食品安全风险的监测工作, 积极有效利用基因测序技术为食源性疾病的处置提供依据。
  • 甘肃省自然科学基金项目(23JRRA1796)
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241224006
  • 接收时间:2024-12-24
  • 首发时间:2025-07-19
  • 出版时间:2025-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-24
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甘肃省自然科学基金项目(23JRRA1796)
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    1.青海省果洛州疾病预防控制中心, 果洛州 814000
    2.甘肃省疾病预防控制中心, 兰州 730000

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* 张璟(1980—), 女, 硕士研究生, 副主任检验师, 主要研究方向为食源性致病微生物检验和流行病学研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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