Article(id=1153433635089801258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433633999282214, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241210001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733760000000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752929608365, onlineDateStr=2025-07-19, pubDate=1742832000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752929608365, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752929608365, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752929608365, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153433633999282214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='322', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752929608105, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758086445549, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1175062977960096080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433633999282214, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1175062977960096081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433633999282214, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=132, endPage=140, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153433636335509554, articleId=1153433635089801258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Determination of 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides residues in mutton by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method, columnId=1153429495274000613, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Research and Detection of Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residue, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To develop a method for analysis of 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides in mutton by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Methods Samples were initially extracted with acetonitrile, and the supernatant was concentrated to near dryness. The residues were further extracted with 50% methanol, and the 2 extracts were combined and diluted with a weak alkaline buffer solution (pH 8.0). The mixture was then concentrated and purified using an HLB solid-phase extraction cartridge. A methanol/5 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution (1:1, V:V) was used for final dilution. Detection was performed in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode. A matrix-matched standard curve was prepared for quantification. Chromatographic and mass spectrometry parameters were optimized for the 20 kinds of target compounds, while the effects of different mobile phases, extraction solvents, and purification methods on extraction efficiency and purification quality were thoroughly investigated. Results The 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides demonstrated excellent linearity within their respective ranges, with correlation coefficients (r²) exceeding 0.999. Recoveries ranged from 64.7% to 94.2%, the relative standard deviation was between 3.8% and 11.0%. Conclusion The developed method is sensitive, accurate, and suitable for the simultaneous detection of 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides in mutton.

, correspAuthors=Ke-Yi FANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ying CHEN, Su-Xian CAO, Mei-Lin NI, Jiang-Gang JIA, Qian-Qian CHEN, Ke-Yi FANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153433661627163427, articleId=1153433635089801258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测羊肉中20种大环内酯类和林可胺类药物残留, columnId=1153429495479521513, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=本期专题:农兽药残留研究与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)检测羊肉样品中20种大环内酯类和林可胺类兽药残留的方法。方法 试验先用乙腈提取, 上清液浓缩至近干后, 样品再用50%甲醇水溶液提取, 合并两次的提取液, 用pH为8.0的弱碱性缓冲溶液稀释后经HLB固相萃取柱浓缩净化, 甲醇/5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(1:1, V:V)定容, 采用正离子多反应监测模式检测, 基质液配制标准曲线。方法对20种化合物的色谱质谱参数进行了优化, 比较了不同流动相和定容液的分离效果, 同时考察了提取溶剂、净化方式对目标化合物的提取效率和净化效果的影响。结果 20种大环内酯类化合物和林可胺类化合物在各自的线性范围内, 线性关系良好, 相关系数(r2)均大于0.999, 回收率为64.7%~94.2%, 相对标准偏差在3.8%~11.0%之间。结论 该方法具有准确、灵敏、高效等特点, 可用于羊肉中20种大环内酯类和林可胺类化合物的同时检测。

, correspAuthors=方科益, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 方科益(1984—), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全和污染物残留分析。E-mail:
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陈颖(1985—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全和污染物残留分析。E-mail:

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陈颖(1985—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全和污染物残留分析。E-mail:

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陈颖(1985—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全和污染物残留分析。E-mail:

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Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2023, 41(5): 417-425., articleTitle=Determination of 26 bisphenols in dust by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1175086878672957875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, awardId=2022J199, language=CN, fundingSource=宁波市自然科学基金资助项目(2022J199), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1175086878853312950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, awardId=2024S125, language=CN, fundingSource=宁波市公益性研究计划项目(2024S125), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1175086874214412613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175086874218606918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, companyId=1175086874214412613, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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Technology Center of Ningbo Customs, Ningbo 315000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175086874302493002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, companyId=1175086874289910088, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.宁波海关技术中心, 宁波 315000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1175086876965876112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=MRM chromatograms of 4 kinds of compounds in positive and negative ion modes, figureFileSmall=kcJGZ3ez8nFRdLc7XFlaHg==, figureFileBig=J5ZhJKHUGdrIbGGlzRrmCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877053956498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=CN, label=图1, caption=4种化合物在正负离子模式下的MRM色谱图, figureFileSmall=kcJGZ3ez8nFRdLc7XFlaHg==, figureFileBig=J5ZhJKHUGdrIbGGlzRrmCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877104288150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Chromatograms of erythromycin standard solution with the same mass concentration in 6 kinds of different reconfirmation solutions (5 ng/mL), figureFileSmall=BV3WruQxS1X6i/e+pK4Bvg==, figureFileBig=p8998ezscZbNsmTI45QKwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877163008408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=CN, label=图2, caption=相同质量浓度的红霉素标准溶液(5 ng/mL)在6种不同的复定溶液中的色谱图, figureFileSmall=BV3WruQxS1X6i/e+pK4Bvg==, figureFileBig=p8998ezscZbNsmTI45QKwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877255283097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Recoveries of 4 kinds of compounds under different extraction solutions (n=3), figureFileSmall=QmajzccbYDF2+fdVh3yy9A==, figureFileBig=GzrGJxIWPS9kh7ALV5UGzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877343363484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同提取方式下4种化合物的回收率(n=3), figureFileSmall=QmajzccbYDF2+fdVh3yy9A==, figureFileBig=GzrGJxIWPS9kh7ALV5UGzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877397889437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effects of methanol concentration in rinsing solution on recoveries (n=3), figureFileSmall=k8QvKzS3tCPaz39dyQPimw==, figureFileBig=zqoqbd/H5TvnkvXjzo/eIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877464998303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同浓度的甲醇淋洗液对回收率的影响(n=3), figureFileSmall=k8QvKzS3tCPaz39dyQPimw==, figureFileBig=zqoqbd/H5TvnkvXjzo/eIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877578244516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=MRM chromatogram of 20 kinds of compounds in the spiked sample solution (2 times of the LOQ), figureFileSmall=DenExtoN4NHg5IhXr86bUQ==, figureFileBig=WEUrcXWJ8h9kCV3ZE4SEBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877695685030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=CN, label=图5, caption=加标样品溶液中20种化合物的MRM色谱图(2倍定量限)

注: 1. 林可霉素; 2. 螺旋霉素; 3. 阿奇霉素; 4. 替米考星; 5. 吡利霉素; 6. 克林霉素; 7. 竹桃霉素; 8. 泰妙菌素; 9. 泰乐菌素; 10. 红霉素; 11. 吉他霉素; 12. 交沙霉素; 13. 罗红霉素; 14. 埃玛菌素; 15. 乙酰氨基阿维菌素; 16. 阿维菌素; 17. 多拉菌素; 18. 莫西丁克; 19. 塞拉菌素; 20. 伊维菌素。

, figureFileSmall=DenExtoN4NHg5IhXr86bUQ==, figureFileBig=WEUrcXWJ8h9kCV3ZE4SEBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175086877808931240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Retention times and optimized spectrometric parameters of 20 kinds of compounds

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物名称 化合物分类 加合方式 保留时间/min 母离子(m/z) 子离子(m/z) 去簇电压/V 碰撞能量/eV
红霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.48 734.3 158.2
576.4*
60 32
27
吉他霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.50 772.3 174.2*
109.1
90 40
45
螺旋霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+2H] 2+ 2.50 422.4 142.2
174.2*
60 41
45
替米考星 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 2.66 869.4 174.2
696.5*
83 50
25
泰乐菌素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.30 916.2 174.2*
772.5
30 48
42
阿奇霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 2.51 749.5 591.3*
158.2
130 29
58
林可霉素 林可胺类 [M+H] + 2.24 407.2 125.9*
359.2
72 30
24
罗红霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.84 837.7 679.9
158.2*
150 28
47
竹桃霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 2.81 688.4 158.2
544.3*
50 47
28
交沙霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.64 828.3 174.2*
109.1
64
42
42
吡利霉素 林可胺类 [M+H] + 2.72 411.1 112.0*
363.0
100 25
14
克林霉素 林可胺类 [M+H] + 2.77 425.2 125.9*
377.3
35 28
25
泰妙菌素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.23 494.5 192.1
119.2*
115 37
52
阿维菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+Na] + 5.19 895.3 751.1*
449.2
121 60
63
伊维菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+Na] + 6.61 897.4 753.1*
329.1
213 62
70
埃玛菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+H] + 4.51 886.5 82.1*
158.1
50 110
60
乙酰氨基阿维菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+H] + 5.13 914.4 185.9*
298.2
30 23
29
莫西丁克 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+H] + 5.93 640.4 498.3
528.3*
95 19
15
多拉菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+NH4] + 5.91 916.5 331.1*
593.3
60 65
45
塞拉菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+H] + 6.13 770.5 626.4
608.4*
83 20
25
), ArticleFig(id=1175086877951537581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

20种化合物的保留时间和质谱条件

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物名称 化合物分类 加合方式 保留时间/min 母离子(m/z) 子离子(m/z) 去簇电压/V 碰撞能量/eV
红霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.48 734.3 158.2
576.4*
60 32
27
吉他霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.50 772.3 174.2*
109.1
90 40
45
螺旋霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+2H] 2+ 2.50 422.4 142.2
174.2*
60 41
45
替米考星 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 2.66 869.4 174.2
696.5*
83 50
25
泰乐菌素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.30 916.2 174.2*
772.5
30 48
42
阿奇霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 2.51 749.5 591.3*
158.2
130 29
58
林可霉素 林可胺类 [M+H] + 2.24 407.2 125.9*
359.2
72 30
24
罗红霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.84 837.7 679.9
158.2*
150 28
47
竹桃霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 2.81 688.4 158.2
544.3*
50 47
28
交沙霉素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.64 828.3 174.2*
109.1
64
42
42
吡利霉素 林可胺类 [M+H] + 2.72 411.1 112.0*
363.0
100 25
14
克林霉素 林可胺类 [M+H] + 2.77 425.2 125.9*
377.3
35 28
25
泰妙菌素 大环内酯抗生素 [M+H] + 3.23 494.5 192.1
119.2*
115 37
52
阿维菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+Na] + 5.19 895.3 751.1*
449.2
121 60
63
伊维菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+Na] + 6.61 897.4 753.1*
329.1
213 62
70
埃玛菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+H] + 4.51 886.5 82.1*
158.1
50 110
60
乙酰氨基阿维菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+H] + 5.13 914.4 185.9*
298.2
30 23
29
莫西丁克 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+H] + 5.93 640.4 498.3
528.3*
95 19
15
多拉菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+NH4] + 5.91 916.5 331.1*
593.3
60 65
45
塞拉菌素 大环内酯驱虫药 [M+H] + 6.13 770.5 626.4
608.4*
83 20
25
), ArticleFig(id=1175086878073172399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Linear ranges, correlation coefficients, LODs, LOQs, recoveries, accuracys (n=6) and MEs of 20 kinds of compounds

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标化合物 线性范围/(ng/mL) r2 LODs/
(μg/kg)
LOQs/
(μg/kg)
回收率/% 精密度/% MEs/%
LOQ 2 LOQ 10 LOQ LOQ 2 LOQ 10 LOQ
红霉素 1~50 0.9994 0.2 0.5 70.4 76.7 77.4 9.8 4.7 7.7 -18.6
吉他霉素 1~50 0.9992 0.2 0.5 80.5 81.6 84.7 5.9 6.2 8.4 6.9
螺旋霉素 1~50 0.9992 0.2 0.5 64.7 70.5 73.4 8.1 5.9 7.7 -10.3
替米考星 1~50 0.9993 0.2 0.5 75.6 79.4 83.5 9.4 6.4 8.1 11.3
泰乐菌素 1~50 0.9998 0.2 0.5 79.4 81.5 90.4 8.5 9.2 8.4 3.13
阿奇霉素 1~50 0.9992 0.2 0.5 73.5 78.3 78.9 4.2 9.7 8.3 -6.1
林可霉素 1~50 0.9999 0.2 0.5 67.5 70.3 70.9 5.3 4.9 3.8 -2.0
罗红霉素 1~50 0.9998 0.2 0.5 83.2 85.4 92.6 7.0 8.2 5.4 -13
竹桃霉素 1~50 0.9997 0.2 0.5 80.4 79.6 85.4 7.1 8.8 9.7 -19.3
交沙霉素 1~50 0.9998 0.2 0.5 80.5 84.6 92.0 9.8 10.0 8.7 -18.9
吡利霉素 1~50 0.9998 0.2 0.5 79.5 78.3 78.9 11.0 9.4 5.6 18.2
克林霉素 1~50 0.9997 0.2 0.5 83.2 89.6 91.4 9.8 11.0 8.6 -4.8
泰妙菌素 1~50 0.9995 0.2 0.5 68.9 75.7 81.3 8.9 9.8 10.0 -18
阿维菌素 2~100 0.9998 0.5 1.0 78.2 85.2 91.4 8.4 8.7 7.5 -7.5
伊维菌素 2~100 0.9998 0.5 1.0 80.3 89.1 92.6 5.8 6.7 7.4 -10.3
埃玛菌素 1~50 0.9999 0.2 0.5 82.4 90.1 94.2 7.3 7.4 6.8 -19
乙酰氨基
阿维菌素
2~100 0.9997 0.5 1.0 86.5 90.4 92.1 7.9 8.2 9.3 17
莫西丁克 2~100 0.9994 0.5 1.0 83.4 86.8 91.6 5.6 7.2 8.5 -18.6
多拉菌素 2~100 0.9993 0.5 1.0 79.5 84.3 92.0 9.0 8.6 7.1 -18.6
塞拉菌素 2~100 0.9998 0.5 1.0 80.3 82.1 90.4 8.2 9.5 11.0 -16.7
), ArticleFig(id=1175086878199001521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433635089801258, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

20种化合物的线性范围、相关系数、LODs、LOQs、回收率、精密度(n=6)和MEs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标化合物 线性范围/(ng/mL) r2 LODs/
(μg/kg)
LOQs/
(μg/kg)
回收率/% 精密度/% MEs/%
LOQ 2 LOQ 10 LOQ LOQ 2 LOQ 10 LOQ
红霉素 1~50 0.9994 0.2 0.5 70.4 76.7 77.4 9.8 4.7 7.7 -18.6
吉他霉素 1~50 0.9992 0.2 0.5 80.5 81.6 84.7 5.9 6.2 8.4 6.9
螺旋霉素 1~50 0.9992 0.2 0.5 64.7 70.5 73.4 8.1 5.9 7.7 -10.3
替米考星 1~50 0.9993 0.2 0.5 75.6 79.4 83.5 9.4 6.4 8.1 11.3
泰乐菌素 1~50 0.9998 0.2 0.5 79.4 81.5 90.4 8.5 9.2 8.4 3.13
阿奇霉素 1~50 0.9992 0.2 0.5 73.5 78.3 78.9 4.2 9.7 8.3 -6.1
林可霉素 1~50 0.9999 0.2 0.5 67.5 70.3 70.9 5.3 4.9 3.8 -2.0
罗红霉素 1~50 0.9998 0.2 0.5 83.2 85.4 92.6 7.0 8.2 5.4 -13
竹桃霉素 1~50 0.9997 0.2 0.5 80.4 79.6 85.4 7.1 8.8 9.7 -19.3
交沙霉素 1~50 0.9998 0.2 0.5 80.5 84.6 92.0 9.8 10.0 8.7 -18.9
吡利霉素 1~50 0.9998 0.2 0.5 79.5 78.3 78.9 11.0 9.4 5.6 18.2
克林霉素 1~50 0.9997 0.2 0.5 83.2 89.6 91.4 9.8 11.0 8.6 -4.8
泰妙菌素 1~50 0.9995 0.2 0.5 68.9 75.7 81.3 8.9 9.8 10.0 -18
阿维菌素 2~100 0.9998 0.5 1.0 78.2 85.2 91.4 8.4 8.7 7.5 -7.5
伊维菌素 2~100 0.9998 0.5 1.0 80.3 89.1 92.6 5.8 6.7 7.4 -10.3
埃玛菌素 1~50 0.9999 0.2 0.5 82.4 90.1 94.2 7.3 7.4 6.8 -19
乙酰氨基
阿维菌素
2~100 0.9997 0.5 1.0 86.5 90.4 92.1 7.9 8.2 9.3 17
莫西丁克 2~100 0.9994 0.5 1.0 83.4 86.8 91.6 5.6 7.2 8.5 -18.6
多拉菌素 2~100 0.9993 0.5 1.0 79.5 84.3 92.0 9.0 8.6 7.1 -18.6
塞拉菌素 2~100 0.9998 0.5 1.0 80.3 82.1 90.4 8.2 9.5 11.0 -16.7
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超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测羊肉中20种大环内酯类和林可胺类药物残留
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陈颖 1, 2 , 曹苏仙 1, 2 , 倪梅林 2 , 贾江钢 1, 2 , 陈倩倩 1, 2 , 方科益 2, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:农兽药残留研究与检测 2025,16(6): 132-140
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题:农兽药残留研究与检测 2025, 16(6): 132-140
超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测羊肉中20种大环内酯类和林可胺类药物残留
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陈颖1, 2 , 曹苏仙1, 2, 倪梅林2, 贾江钢1, 2, 陈倩倩1, 2, 方科益2, *
作者信息
  • 1.宁波中盛产品检测有限公司, 宁波 315000
  • 2.宁波海关技术中心, 宁波 315000
  • 陈颖(1985—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全和污染物残留分析。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 方科益(1984—), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全和污染物残留分析。E-mail:
Determination of 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides residues in mutton by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method
Ying CHEN1, 2 , Su-Xian CAO1, 2, Mei-Lin NI2, Jiang-Gang JIA1, 2, Qian-Qian CHEN1, 2, Ke-Yi FANG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Ningbo Joysun Product Testing Service Company, Ningbo 315000, China
  • 2. Technology Center of Ningbo Customs, Ningbo 315000, China
出版时间: 2025-03-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241210001
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目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)检测羊肉样品中20种大环内酯类和林可胺类兽药残留的方法。方法 试验先用乙腈提取, 上清液浓缩至近干后, 样品再用50%甲醇水溶液提取, 合并两次的提取液, 用pH为8.0的弱碱性缓冲溶液稀释后经HLB固相萃取柱浓缩净化, 甲醇/5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(1:1, V:V)定容, 采用正离子多反应监测模式检测, 基质液配制标准曲线。方法对20种化合物的色谱质谱参数进行了优化, 比较了不同流动相和定容液的分离效果, 同时考察了提取溶剂、净化方式对目标化合物的提取效率和净化效果的影响。结果 20种大环内酯类化合物和林可胺类化合物在各自的线性范围内, 线性关系良好, 相关系数(r2)均大于0.999, 回收率为64.7%~94.2%, 相对标准偏差在3.8%~11.0%之间。结论 该方法具有准确、灵敏、高效等特点, 可用于羊肉中20种大环内酯类和林可胺类化合物的同时检测。

大环内酯类  /  林可胺类  /  超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法  /  复定溶液  /  HLB固相萃取

Objective To develop a method for analysis of 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides in mutton by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Methods Samples were initially extracted with acetonitrile, and the supernatant was concentrated to near dryness. The residues were further extracted with 50% methanol, and the 2 extracts were combined and diluted with a weak alkaline buffer solution (pH 8.0). The mixture was then concentrated and purified using an HLB solid-phase extraction cartridge. A methanol/5 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution (1:1, V:V) was used for final dilution. Detection was performed in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode. A matrix-matched standard curve was prepared for quantification. Chromatographic and mass spectrometry parameters were optimized for the 20 kinds of target compounds, while the effects of different mobile phases, extraction solvents, and purification methods on extraction efficiency and purification quality were thoroughly investigated. Results The 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides demonstrated excellent linearity within their respective ranges, with correlation coefficients (r²) exceeding 0.999. Recoveries ranged from 64.7% to 94.2%, the relative standard deviation was between 3.8% and 11.0%. Conclusion The developed method is sensitive, accurate, and suitable for the simultaneous detection of 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides in mutton.

macrolides  /  lincomasides  /  ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry  /  solutions for reconstitution  /  HLB solid-phase extraction
陈颖, 曹苏仙, 倪梅林, 贾江钢, 陈倩倩, 方科益. 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测羊肉中20种大环内酯类和林可胺类药物残留. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (6) : 132 -140 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241210001
Ying CHEN, Su-Xian CAO, Mei-Lin NI, Jiang-Gang JIA, Qian-Qian CHEN, Ke-Yi FANG. Determination of 20 kinds of macrolides and lincomasides residues in mutton by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (6) : 132 -140 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241210001
大环内酯类药物作为由链霉菌或小单孢菌产生的光谱抗菌剂, 分为大环内酯抗生素(如红霉素)和大环内酯驱虫药(阿维菌素类)[1-4]; 林可胺类抗生素(包括林可霉素、克林霉素等)同样源自链霉菌代谢产物, 在肉羊养殖中作为疾病防控与促生长剂被广泛应用[2-3]。然而养殖环节普遍存在的过量用药或者休药期违规现象, 导致两类药物在动物源性食品中的残留风险显著增加。我国GB 31650—2019《食品安全国家标准 食品中兽药最大残留限量》明确规定了其最高残留限量, 但现有检测技术仍存在亟待突破的瓶颈。
本实验室对多地区羊肉样本的监督抽检和风险监测发现, 大环内酯类(多拉菌素、替米考星等)和林可胺类药物残留普遍存在, 不仅会威胁消费者健康安全, 还会增加耐药菌的数量[5]。当前针对羊肉基质的标准检测方法存在诸多局限性: (1)标准检测方法目标物涵盖范围不全, 完成检测需多个前处理, 费时费资源, 检测效率低。如SN/T 5359—2021《出口动物源食品中阿奇霉素残留量的测定 液相色谱—质谱/质谱法》仅能检测一种阿奇霉素、GB/T 20762—2006《畜禽肉中林可霉素、竹桃霉素、红霉素、替米考星、泰乐菌素、克林霉素、螺旋霉素、吉它霉素、交沙霉素残留量的测定 液相色谱-串联质谱法》涵盖9种化合物、GB 31658.16—2021《食品安全国家标准 动物性食品中阿维菌素类药物残留量的测定 高效液相色谱法和液相色谱-串联质谱法》也仅能检测4种大环内酯驱虫药; (2)部分目标物如吡利霉素、塞拉菌素, 缺乏专属标准检测方法。针对食品检测的相关文献报道显示, 高效液相色谱法[6-11]可实现阿维菌素类药物的测定, 但受限于多数目标物缺乏特征紫外吸收[12]及衍生化过程复杂[10], 难以满足多组分残留检测要求。尽管液相色谱-串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS)凭借高灵敏度优势被广泛采用[13-18], 但现有方法普遍存在化合物涵盖面不够全; 传统固相萃取柱对强极性化合物的净化效率不足, 且纯有机相定容引发的溶剂效应显著影响定性定量的准确性等问题。因此, 建立羊肉基质中大环内酯类和林可胺类化合物同时检测的方法是十分必要的。
本研究以羊肉为样本, 选择林可霉素、竹桃霉素、克林霉素、泰妙菌素、阿奇霉素、泰乐菌素、螺旋霉素、红霉素、替米考星、罗红霉素、吉他霉素、吡利霉素、交沙霉素、埃玛菌素、乙酰氨基阿维菌素、阿维菌素、多拉菌素、莫西丁克、塞拉菌素、伊维菌素20种药物为目标化合物, 通过乙腈初提结合50%甲醇水溶液复提实现广谱提取, 通过HLB固相萃取柱的宽极性保留特性优化基质净化过程; 优化上样和淋洗条件(水相比例调节)提升极性化合物回收率; 优化复定溶液和流动相, 配合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)进行多残留同步分析。为这20种化合物的残留检测提供技术支撑。
LC-30 AD超高效液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司); SCIEX 4500串联四极杆-线性离子阱质谱联用仪(美国SCIEX公司); ME 403E电子天平(精度0.01 g)、MS 205DU电子天平(精度0.0001 g)(瑞士METTLER TOLEDO公司); Milli-Q超纯水系统(美国密理博公司); ST 40R离心机(美国赛默飞世尔科技公司); Auto Vap S60多样品自动浓缩仪(美国ATR公司)。
甲醇、乙腈(色谱纯, 美国Tedia公司); 乙酸铵、甲酸(分析纯, 国药集团化学试剂有限公司); HLB固相萃取柱(500 mg/6 mL, 上海安谱实验科技股份有限公司); Luna Omega C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.6 μm, 美国phenomenex公司); 0.22 μm微孔滤膜(迪马科技有限公司)。
20种标准品: 林可霉素(林可霉素盐酸盐水合物, 纯度96.8%)、竹桃霉素(纯度95.0%)、克林霉素(纯度99.2%)、泰妙菌素(延胡索酸泰妙菌素, 纯度97.7%)、阿奇霉素(纯度98.0%)、泰乐菌素(泰乐菌素酒石酸盐, 纯度99.5%)、螺旋霉素(纯度98.2%)、红霉素(mixture A/B/C, 纯度92.2%)、替米考星(纯度95.5%)、罗红霉素(纯度96.8%)、埃玛菌素(甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐, 纯度97.0%)、乙酰氨基阿维菌素(纯度95.0%)、阿维菌素(阿维菌素B1a, 纯度98.3%)、多拉菌素(纯度99.2%)、莫西丁克(纯度98.1%)、塞拉菌素(纯度98.5%)、伊维菌素(纯度95.0%)(德国Dr. Ehrenstorfer公司)。
样品为抽检羊肉, 经实验室检测结果呈阴性。
称取(5.00±0.01) g肌肉样品于50 mL离心管中, 加入10 mL乙腈, 涡旋5 min, 超声15 min, 5000 r/min离心3 min, 取上清液于另一50 mL离心管中, 40 ℃氮气吹至近干。其次, 样品残渣加入10 mL 50%甲醇/水(1:1, V:V, 下同), 复提一次, 5000 r/min离心3 min, 取上清液至上述氮气吹干的离心管中, 进行合并, 并加入20 mL磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 8.0), 获得样品提取液。
HLB固相萃取柱依次用6 mL甲醇和6 mL水进行活化。将上述样品提取液完全转入活化的HLB固相萃取柱, 再用6 mL 20%甲醇水溶液淋洗, 弃淋洗液。最后用5 mL甲醇进行洗脱, 收集洗脱液, 40 ℃氮气吹干。准确加入1 mL甲醇/5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(1:1, V:V, 下同)定容, 过0.22 μm滤膜, UPLC-MS/MS检测。
色谱柱: 费罗门C18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.6 μm), 柱温40 ℃, 进样量5 μL, 流速0.3 mL/min, 梯度洗脱条件: A相为0.1%甲酸甲醇; B相为0.1%甲酸水溶液, 0~3.0 min: 5%~30% A; 3.0~8.0 min: 30%~90% A; 8.0~8.1 min: 90%~5% A; 8.1~10.0 min: 5% A保持不变。
离子源: 电喷雾离子源; 扫描方式: 正离子扫描; 检测方式: 多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM); 电喷雾电压: 4500 V; 离子源温度: 550 ℃; 气帘气: 30 psi; 碰撞气: Medium; 辅助气1: 55 psi; 辅助气2: 55 psi; 20种化合物的定性定量离子对、去簇电压、碰撞能量、保留时间见表1
将20种标准品用甲醇配制成1.0 mg/mL的单标, 将林可霉素、竹桃霉素、克林霉素、泰妙菌素、阿奇霉素、泰乐菌素、螺旋霉素、红霉素、替米考星、罗红霉素、吉他霉素、吡利霉素、交沙霉素13种化合物配制成10 μg/mL的混合储备液, 将埃玛菌素、乙酰氨基阿维菌素、阿维菌素、多拉菌素、莫西丁克、塞拉菌素、伊维菌素7种化合物配制成10 μg/mL的单一储备液于-20 ℃保存。
采用阴性羊肉样品作为空白基质, 按照1.2步骤进行样品前处理和净化, 得到空白基质液。精确吸取各类标准品, 用空白基质液配制成含林可霉素、竹桃霉素、克林霉素、泰妙菌素、阿奇霉素、泰乐菌素、螺旋霉素、红霉素、替米考星、罗红霉素、吉他霉素、吡利霉素、交沙霉素、埃玛菌素0.1 μg/mL, 乙酰氨基阿维菌素、阿维菌素、多拉菌素、莫西丁克、塞拉菌素、伊维菌素0.2 μg/mL的混合标准溶液, 标准工作液现用现配。
分别吸取混合标准溶液10、20、50、100、200、500 μL, 用空白基质液定容到1 mL, 配制成混合标准工作液进行测定。
数据采集和色谱图绘制采用SCIEX OSVersion 3.0软件, 处理数据和相关图表采用Excel 2016软件。
分别对适当浓度的20种化合物的标准溶液在正负离子模式下进行母离子扫描, 确定扫描方式和母离子后, 对其进行子离子扫描, 选择两对响应比较高、干扰比较小的离子分别为定性离子和定量离子, 并分别优化其去簇电压和碰撞能量。
大环内酯类和林可胺类抗生素在正离子模式下, 主要的加合方式为[M+H]+, 螺旋霉素母离子[M+2H]2+比[M+H]+响应高, 螺旋霉素分子中两个碱性氨基在离子化过程中依次质子化, 形成双电荷离子[M+2H]2+, 因此选择[M+2H]2+作为母离子。红霉素、竹桃霉素、罗红霉素、阿奇霉素子离子中产生响应强度较高的(m/z 158.2)特征碎片离子, 替米考星、吉他霉素、交沙霉素、泰乐菌素和螺旋霉素子离子中产生响应强度较高的(m/z 174.2)特征碎片离子。虽然有其他文献研究阿维菌素类化合物在负离子模式下检测[19], 但是本方法发现阿维菌素类化合物在负离子模式下灵敏度比较低, 伊维菌素、阿维菌素、多拉菌素和乙酰氨基阿维菌素4种化合物在正负离子模式下的MRM色谱图对比情况见图1。7种阿维菌素类化合物在正离子模式下, 可以形成[M+H]+、[M+NH4]+和[M+Na]+等多种加合方式的离子。流动相和定容试剂均会影响加合方式的稳定性和灵敏度, 分析方法中7种化合物在流动相为0.1%甲酸溶液-0.1%甲酸甲醇梯度洗脱, 定容液为甲醇/5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液的情况下, 阿维菌素、伊维菌素形成更稳定灵敏度更高的[M+Na]+峰, 埃玛菌素、莫西丁克、乙酰氨基阿维菌素、塞拉菌素形成[M+H]+峰, 多拉菌素形成[M+NH4]+峰。
若一次性在单一通道对多种化合物的定性和定量离子对进行全部扫描, 扫描频率往往会出现不足的情况。大环内酯类和林可胺类化合物出峰时间集中在2~8 min, 采用Scheduled MRM模式中的ENABLED模式, MRM detection window设置为45 s, 各离子对均具备足够的扫描频率与点数, 保障了每种化合物都可实现高灵敏度的精准定量检测。通过优化得到的20种化合物的加合方式、保留时间、母离子、去簇电压、碰撞能量、定量离子和定性离子见表1
复定溶液的组成对目标化合物的峰型和灵敏度有着显著的影响。针对这20种化合物的复溶, 在相关研究中常采取多种不同的溶液体系。甲醇[20-22]、0.1%甲酸乙腈[16,23]、0.1%氨水乙腈[24]或者甲醇、乙腈与一定比例的水混合相[13-15,25-27]多被用作复定溶液。本研究发现红霉素、螺旋霉素、阿奇霉素、泰乐菌素等化合物在不同复定溶液中的响应差别较大, 在酸性溶剂中响应显著降低。选择红霉素为目标物, 对比了0.1%甲酸水溶液、0.1%甲酸甲醇、0.1%甲酸乙腈、甲醇/5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液、甲醇以及乙腈作为复定溶液时, 红霉素的出峰和响应情况, 结果见图2。当红霉素为5 ng/mL时, 甲醇溶液呈现最强响应, 甲醇/5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液次之; 酸性条件下响应显著降低, 0.1%甲酸溶液中的响应值仅为甲醇溶液的百分之一左右。
在20种混合标准溶液检测中, 若用甲醇、乙腈、0.1%甲酸乙腈、0.1%甲酸甲醇等高比例有机相作为复定溶液, 吡利霉素、阿奇霉素、螺旋霉素、林可霉素由于出峰时间早, 溶剂效应明显, 出现色谱峰拖尾、前沿或出现多个小峰。当以甲醇-5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液为复定溶液时, 20种目标化合物的灵敏度和峰型均能达到要求, 并且在此条件下, 红霉素的峰型和响应均稳定, 因此, 最终选择甲醇-5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液作为复定溶液。
流动相的构成及比例影响化合物的出峰时间及响应情况[22]。大环内酯和林可胺类化合物大都含有叔胺基团, 叔胺基团中的孤对电子具有较强的亲核性, 产生较强的正离子信号, 流动相中加入甲酸有助于形成稳定的[M+H]+加合离子, 提高正离子模式下的离子化效率。因此本研究对比了4种不同的流动相体系对化合物的影响, 分别是: 5 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)-0.1%甲酸甲醇、5 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)-0.1%甲酸乙腈、0.1%甲酸-0.1%甲酸甲醇和0.1%甲酸-0.1%甲酸乙腈。研究发现流动相中加入乙酸铵, 替米考星、泰妙菌素、莫西丁克等化合物的响应值有所降低; 而在以甲醇作为有机相的体系中, 大环内酯类化合物的灵敏度和峰型都优于乙腈体系。因此, 选择0.1%甲酸-0.1%甲酸甲醇为最优流动相体系, 进行梯度洗脱。结果表明该体系能够获得理想而稳定的色谱峰, 实现最优的离子响应强度。
本研究选取的20种化合物的极性存在较大差异, 提取试剂及提取步骤对目标物的回收率影响较大。根据相关文献资料, 红霉素、吉他霉素、阿维菌素等化合物, 往往采用乙腈[6-8,10,14-15]作为提取试剂进行提取; 也有采用酸化乙腈[12,15,25-26]、氨化乙腈[16,19-21]、甲醇或乙腈和一定比例的水相混合[13,17,22,28]进行提取。由于红霉素、螺旋霉素、阿奇霉素、泰乐菌素等化合物在酸性溶液中不稳定, 本研究首先将中性试剂乙腈作为提取溶剂。
在空白羊肉样品中加标, 添加水平为5 μg/kg, 结果表明由于乙腈容易使蛋白快速变性, 样品容易结团, 提取不充分, 林可霉素、螺旋霉素、阿奇霉素、替米考星的回收率低于50%(见图3), 另外16种化合物的回收率为65%~110%。
为了进一步提高林可霉素、螺旋霉素、阿奇霉素、替米考星这4种化合物的提取效率, 采用甲醇、50%甲醇水溶液、50%乙腈水溶液进行复提取, 研究发现, 采用10 mL 50%甲醇水溶液复提, 合并2次提取液后, 20种化合物的回收率达到75%~110%, 林可霉素、螺旋霉素、阿奇霉素、替米考星这4种化合物回收率为75%~80%(见图3), 能满足实际检测的需求。因此, 选择第一次提取时用10 mL乙腈作为提取溶液, 第二次则采用10 mL 50%甲醇水溶液, 以实现对20种化合物的高效提取。
羊肉样品中富含的蛋白质、脂肪和矿物质不仅影响目标物的定性定量, 还会污染色谱柱和离子源。本研究采用兼具疏水性二乙烯基苯和亲水性N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮结构的HLB固相萃取柱, 其宽极性保留特性适用于大环内酯类与林可胺类药物的净化处理。
按照2.4前处理获得的空白阴性样品提取液中, 分别添加20种化合物的标准溶液(添加水平为5 ng/mL), 对上样溶液及淋洗液进行了优化。实验发现提取液直接上样后用甲醇洗脱时, 林可霉素、螺旋霉素等极性较强的化合物, 回收率不足30%。通过改进方法: 将首次乙腈提取液浓缩近干后与二次提取的50%甲醇溶液合并, 经20 mL磷酸缓冲溶液(pH 8.0)稀释上样[总上样体积30 mL, 甲醇含量16.7% (V:V)], 目标物回收率显著提升至85%~105%。
淋洗条件研究表明, 当采用5 mL 30%和40%甲醇水溶液作为淋洗液时, 林可霉素、螺旋霉素等5种化合物回收率低于50%, 而其余15种保持70%以上。对比不同浓度淋洗液发现, 0%、10%、20%甲醇水溶液均能保证20种化合物回收率大于80%。其中20%甲醇水溶液在实现高效净化的同时, 5种关键药物(林可霉素、螺旋霉素、阿奇霉素、莫西丁克和红霉素)的回收效果达到最佳平衡(见图4), 因此选定20%甲醇水溶液为最优淋洗条件。
在运用UPLC-MS/MS进行分析测定时, 样品里的内源性及外源性物质可能会干扰分析物的离子化与去溶剂化进程, 致使其质谱响应出现波动, 或升高或降低, 进而引发基质效应(matrix effects, ME)[29]。ME在质谱分析中普遍存在, 影响分析结果的准确性[30]。计算公式为ME=(基质匹配标准曲线的斜率/溶剂标准曲线的斜率-1)×100%。ME为正, 表明基质增强; ME为负, 表明基质抑制[29-30]。若|ME|≤20%, 表明ME不明显; 20%<|ME|≤50%, 表明ME中等; |ME|>50%, 表明ME较强[31]
实验分别用溶剂和空白基质溶液配制混合标准溶液, 以浓度为横坐标(X, ng/mL), 峰面积为纵坐标(Y)做标准曲线, 用两条曲线的斜率来计算ME。结果如表2所示, 林可霉素、竹桃霉素、克林霉素、泰妙菌素、阿奇霉素、螺旋霉素、红霉素、罗红霉素、交沙霉素、埃玛菌素、阿维菌素、多拉菌素、莫西丁克、塞拉菌素、伊维菌素15种化合物为基质抑制效应, 吉他霉素、替米考星、泰乐菌素、吡利霉素、乙酰氨基阿维菌素5种化合物为基质增强效应。20种化合物的ME为-19.3%~18.2%, |ME|均小于20%, 无明显ME, 可以用于测定。
以化合物的峰面积为纵坐标(Y), 质量浓度为横坐标(X, ng/mL)绘制标准曲线回归方程。以色谱峰的信噪比大于3作为方法的检出限(limit of detection, LOD), 色谱峰的信噪比大于10为方法的定量限(limit of quantitation, LOQ), 向空白样品中添加1倍LOQ、2倍LOQ、10倍LOQ 3个浓度的加标回收试验, 每组6个平行, 按照方法1.2前处理。计算公式为回收率/%=(加标样品中测得的目标物含量-空白样品中目标物的本底含量)/加标量×100%。20种化合物的LOD、LOQ、回收率、精密度结果见表2。20种化合物曲线相关系数均大于0.999, 线性良好; 林可霉素、竹桃霉素、克林霉素、泰妙菌素、阿奇霉素、泰乐菌素、螺旋霉素、红霉素、替米考星、罗红霉素、吉他霉素、吡利霉素、交沙霉素、埃玛菌素的LOD为0.2 μg/kg, 其余6种化合物的LOD为0.5 μg/kg, 相应的LOQ分别为0.5 μg/kg和1 μg/kg。本研究的加标回收率在64.7%~94.2%之间, 相对标准偏差在3.8%~11.0%之间, 满足20种目标化合物的检测。加标样品中20种化合物(添加水平: 2倍定量限)定量离子对的MRM色谱图见图5
采用本研究建立的方法, 对抽检的20批次羊肉样品进行筛查分析。检测结果显示1批次羊肉样品中检出替米考星, 含量为21.47 μg/kg; 1批次羊肉样品检测出多拉菌素, 含量为8.21 μg/kg; 其余批次样品均未检出。为验证本方法的可靠性, 分别采用GB/T 20762—2006《畜禽肉中林可霉素、竹桃霉素、红霉素、替米考星、泰乐菌素、克林霉素、螺旋霉素、吉他霉素、交沙霉素残留量的测定 液相色谱-串联质谱法》和GB 31658.16—2021《食品安全国家标准 动物性食品中阿维菌素类药物残留量的测定 高效液相色谱法和液相色谱-串联质谱法》(第二法)对阳性羊肉样品中的替米考星和多拉菌素进行验证, 检测结果分别为23.86 μg/kg和9.44 μg/kg。替米考星和多拉菌素项目方法比对的相对差值为10.5%和13.9%, 表明本方法适用于羊肉中大环内酯类和林可胺类化合物的测定。
本研究用乙腈初提羊肉样品, 浓缩后用50%甲醇水溶液复提, 经磷酸缓冲溶液(pH 8.0)稀释后, 再用HLB固相萃取柱净化。通过优化质谱参数、色谱参数、复定溶剂、流动相、提取溶液以及固相萃取净化条件, 建立了羊肉基质中大环内酯类和林可胺类20种化合物残留的超高效液相-串联质谱分析方法。实验结果显示20种化合物的回收率在64.7%~94.2%之间, 相对标准偏差小于15%; 阳性样品用本方法与标准方法比对, 相对差值小于15%, 符合GB/T 27404—2008的要求。该方法灵敏度高、准确性好, 可为羊肉中大环内酯类和林可胺类化合物的检测提供技术支撑。
  • 宁波市自然科学基金资助项目(2022J199)
  • 宁波市公益性研究计划项目(2024S125)
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2025年第16卷第6期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241210001
  • 接收时间:2024-12-10
  • 首发时间:2025-07-19
  • 出版时间:2025-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-10
基金
宁波市自然科学基金资助项目(2022J199)
宁波市公益性研究计划项目(2024S125)
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    1.宁波中盛产品检测有限公司, 宁波 315000
    2.宁波海关技术中心, 宁波 315000

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* 方科益(1984—), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品质量安全和污染物残留分析。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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