Article(id=1153429499640271159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241114002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1731513600000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752928622398, onlineDateStr=2025-07-19, pubDate=1741968000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752928622398, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752928622398, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752928622398, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153429493357203682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='326', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1741968000000', pubDateStr='2025-03-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752928620900, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1758690311058, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1177595773500932351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1177595773500932352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=32, endPage=37, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153429500202307907, articleId=1153429499640271159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Determination of 4 kinds of breast milk oligosaccharides in milk powder by liquid chromatography-fluorescence method, columnId=1153429494888129034, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Highlight: Guangzhou Inspection Testing and Certification Group Co., Ltd., runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination the content of 4 kinds of human milk oligosaccharides [2'--fucosyllactose (2'-FL), 3'-sialic acid (3'-SL), 6'-sialic acid (6'-SL) and lactose-N-neotetraose (LNnT)] in milk powder by liquid chromatography-fluorescence method. Methods The samples were dissolved in water, enzymolized with amyloglucosidase or β-galactosidase, derived with 2-aminobenzamide (2-AB) and 2-methylpyridine borane (2-PB), and separated by amide bonding column, detected by fluorescence detector, and quantitated by internal standard methods. Results The 4 kinds of milk oligosaccharides had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 10-600 μg/mL, and the correlation coefficients (r2) were more than 0.999. The limits of detection and quantification of 4 kinds of milk oligosaccharides were 0.94-2.31 mg/100 g and 3.12-7.69 mg/100 g, respectively; the recovery rates of 4 kinds of milk oligosaccharides were 97.7%-101.5%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) (n=7) were 0.53%-3.09%. Conclusion This method does not have high requirements for people, equipments and environment for determining the content of 4 kinds of milk oligosaccharides in milk powder. The pre-treatment operation is simple, and it has good accuracy and precision. It can provide a reference for the quality control method of human milk oligosaccharides in milk powder.

, authors=null, authorsList=Si-Yi DENG, Wei-Qian HUANG, Jun-Fa WU, Tian-Fu QIN, Zu-Jian CHEN, Zi-Heng YU, Zhen-Jie LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Si-Yi DENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153429525636567945, articleId=1153429499640271159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=液相色谱-荧光法测定乳粉中4种母乳低聚糖, columnId=1153429495039123980, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=本期重点:广州检验检测认证集团有限公司, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立液相色谱-荧光法同时测定乳粉中4种母乳低聚糖[2'-岩藻糖基乳糖(2'-fucosyllactose, 2'-FL)、3'-唾液酸乳糖(3'-sialyllactose, 3'-SL)、6'-唾液酸乳糖(6'-sialyllactose, 6'-SL)和乳糖-N-新四糖(lacto-N-neo-tetraose, LNnT)]的含量分析方法。方法 样品加水溶解后, 使用淀粉葡萄糖苷酶或和β-半乳糖苷酶酶解, 用2-氨基苯甲酰胺(2-aminobenzamide, 2-AB)和2-甲基吡啶硼烷(2-methylpyridine borane, 2-PB)衍生后, 采用酰胺键合色谱柱分离, 荧光检测器检测和内标法定量。结果 4种母乳低聚糖在10~600 µg/mL质量浓度范围均有良好的线性关系, 相关系数均为r2>0.999; 4种母乳低聚糖的检出限和定量限分别为0.94~2.31 mg/100 g、3.12~7.69 mg/100 g; 4种母乳低聚糖加标回收率为97.7%~101.5%, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD) (n=7)为0.53%~3.09%。结论 该方法对测定乳粉中的4种母乳低聚糖含量的检测人员、设备和环境要求不高、前处理操作简单, 且具有良好的准确度和精密度, 可为乳粉中母乳低聚糖质量控制提供方法参考。

, authors=null, authorsList=邓思怡, 黄伟乾, 吴俊发, 覃天福, 陈祖健, 余梓恒, 李镇杰, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=邓思怡, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 邓思怡(1995—), 女, 硕士, 助理工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全质量检验检测。E-mail:
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Conditions of gradient elution

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间/min 流速/(mL/min) 淋洗液/% 曲线
A B
0.0 0.5 92 8 线性
28.0 0.5 80 20 线性
29.0 0.5 80 20 线性
30.0 0.5 60 40 线性
34.5 0.5 60 40 线性
35.0 0.5 20 80 线性
39.5 0.5 20 80 线性
40.0 0.5 92 8 线性
48.0 0.5 92 8 线性
), ArticleFig(id=1177619526511374824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429499640271159, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

梯度洗脱条件

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时间/min 流速/(mL/min) 淋洗液/% 曲线
A B
0.0 0.5 92 8 线性
28.0 0.5 80 20 线性
29.0 0.5 80 20 线性
30.0 0.5 60 40 线性
34.5 0.5 60 40 线性
35.0 0.5 20 80 线性
39.5 0.5 20 80 线性
40.0 0.5 92 8 线性
48.0 0.5 92 8 线性
), ArticleFig(id=1177619526591066601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429499640271159, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Linear equations, correlation coefficients and MLODs and MLOQs of 4 kinds of human milk oligosaccharides

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物
名称
线性方程 相关系数
(r2)
MLODs
/(mg/100 g)
MLOQs
/(mg/100 g)
2'-FL Y=2.3935X-5.9771 0.9999 1.84 6.12
3'-SL Y=1.8276X-3.4217 0.9999 2.31 7.69
6'-SL Y=1.8031X-3.4795 0.9999 1.87 6.25
LNnT Y=1.8218X-4.1695 0.9999 0.94 3.12
), ArticleFig(id=1177619526670758378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429499640271159, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

4种母乳低聚糖的线性方程、相关系数、MLODs和MLOQs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物
名称
线性方程 相关系数
(r2)
MLODs
/(mg/100 g)
MLOQs
/(mg/100 g)
2'-FL Y=2.3935X-5.9771 0.9999 1.84 6.12
3'-SL Y=1.8276X-3.4217 0.9999 2.31 7.69
6'-SL Y=1.8031X-3.4795 0.9999 1.87 6.25
LNnT Y=1.8218X-4.1695 0.9999 0.94 3.12
), ArticleFig(id=1177619526733672939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429499640271159, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Recovery and precision test results of 4 kinds of human milk oligosaccharides

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序号 简称 添加水平
/(mg/100 g)
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
1 2'-FL 10、700、2700 98.0、97.7、101.5 1.77、0.63、0.58
2 3'-SL 10、100、2700 97.7、100.9、100.1 0.53、3.09、1.10
3 6'-SL 10、70、2700 100.0、101.3、100.4 1.00、1.38、1.37
4 LNnT 10、70、2700 98.0、99.3、100.5 1.02、2.91、1.84
), ArticleFig(id=1177619526804976108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429499640271159, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

4种母乳低聚糖的回收率和精密度测试结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 简称 添加水平
/(mg/100 g)
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
1 2'-FL 10、700、2700 98.0、97.7、101.5 1.77、0.63、0.58
2 3'-SL 10、100、2700 97.7、100.9、100.1 0.53、3.09、1.10
3 6'-SL 10、70、2700 100.0、101.3、100.4 1.00、1.38、1.37
4 LNnT 10、70、2700 98.0、99.3、100.5 1.02、2.91、1.84
), ArticleFig(id=1177619526859502061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429499640271159, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison between the results of this method and other methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 检测方法 2'-FL/(mg/100 g) t 3'-SL/(mg/100 g) t 6'-SL/(mg/100 g) t LNnT/(mg/100 g) t t0.05,10
A 本方法 458 1.246 52 1.414 18 1.000 126 1.928 2.228
T/SAFC 002—2024 460 52 19 128
标示值: 450 无标示值 无标示值 标示值: 120
B 本方法 15 1.472 16 1.249 71 1.917 377 1.917
T/SAFC 002—2024 16 17 72 379
无标示值 无标示值 无标示值 标示值: 370
C 本方法 11 2.080 14 1.000 20 1.746 8 0.808
T/SAFC 002—2024 12 15 21 8
无标示值 无标示值 无标示值 无标示值
), ArticleFig(id=1177619526930805230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429499640271159, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

本方法与其他方法测定结果的比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 检测方法 2'-FL/(mg/100 g) t 3'-SL/(mg/100 g) t 6'-SL/(mg/100 g) t LNnT/(mg/100 g) t t0.05,10
A 本方法 458 1.246 52 1.414 18 1.000 126 1.928 2.228
T/SAFC 002—2024 460 52 19 128
标示值: 450 无标示值 无标示值 标示值: 120
B 本方法 15 1.472 16 1.249 71 1.917 377 1.917
T/SAFC 002—2024 16 17 72 379
无标示值 无标示值 无标示值 标示值: 370
C 本方法 11 2.080 14 1.000 20 1.746 8 0.808
T/SAFC 002—2024 12 15 21 8
无标示值 无标示值 无标示值 无标示值
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液相色谱-荧光法测定乳粉中4种母乳低聚糖
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邓思怡 * , 黄伟乾 , 吴俊发 , 覃天福 , 陈祖健 , 余梓恒 , 李镇杰
食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期重点:广州检验检测认证集团有限公司 2025,16(5): 32-37
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食品安全质量检测学报 |本期重点:广州检验检测认证集团有限公司 2025 , 16 (5) : 32 -37
液相色谱-荧光法测定乳粉中4种母乳低聚糖
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邓思怡* , 黄伟乾, 吴俊发, 覃天福, 陈祖健, 余梓恒, 李镇杰
作者信息
  • 广州检验检测认证集团有限公司, 广州 511447
通讯作者:
* 邓思怡(1995—), 女, 硕士, 助理工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全质量检验检测。E-mail:
Determination of 4 kinds of breast milk oligosaccharides in milk powder by liquid chromatography-fluorescence method
Si-Yi DENG* , Wei-Qian HUANG, Jun-Fa WU, Tian-Fu QIN, Zu-Jian CHEN, Zi-Heng YU, Zhen-Jie LI
Affiliations
  • Guangzhou Inspection Testing and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511447, China
出版时间: 2025-03-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241114002
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目的 建立液相色谱-荧光法同时测定乳粉中4种母乳低聚糖[2'-岩藻糖基乳糖(2'-fucosyllactose, 2'-FL)、3'-唾液酸乳糖(3'-sialyllactose, 3'-SL)、6'-唾液酸乳糖(6'-sialyllactose, 6'-SL)和乳糖-N-新四糖(lacto-N-neo-tetraose, LNnT)]的含量分析方法。方法 样品加水溶解后, 使用淀粉葡萄糖苷酶或和β-半乳糖苷酶酶解, 用2-氨基苯甲酰胺(2-aminobenzamide, 2-AB)和2-甲基吡啶硼烷(2-methylpyridine borane, 2-PB)衍生后, 采用酰胺键合色谱柱分离, 荧光检测器检测和内标法定量。结果 4种母乳低聚糖在10~600 µg/mL质量浓度范围均有良好的线性关系, 相关系数均为r2>0.999; 4种母乳低聚糖的检出限和定量限分别为0.94~2.31 mg/100 g、3.12~7.69 mg/100 g; 4种母乳低聚糖加标回收率为97.7%~101.5%, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD) (n=7)为0.53%~3.09%。结论 该方法对测定乳粉中的4种母乳低聚糖含量的检测人员、设备和环境要求不高、前处理操作简单, 且具有良好的准确度和精密度, 可为乳粉中母乳低聚糖质量控制提供方法参考。

2'-岩藻糖基乳糖  /  3'-唾液酸乳糖  /  6'-唾液酸乳糖  /  乳糖-N-新四糖  /  液相色谱-荧光法  /  乳粉

Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination the content of 4 kinds of human milk oligosaccharides [2'--fucosyllactose (2'-FL), 3'-sialic acid (3'-SL), 6'-sialic acid (6'-SL) and lactose-N-neotetraose (LNnT)] in milk powder by liquid chromatography-fluorescence method. Methods The samples were dissolved in water, enzymolized with amyloglucosidase or β-galactosidase, derived with 2-aminobenzamide (2-AB) and 2-methylpyridine borane (2-PB), and separated by amide bonding column, detected by fluorescence detector, and quantitated by internal standard methods. Results The 4 kinds of milk oligosaccharides had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 10-600 μg/mL, and the correlation coefficients (r2) were more than 0.999. The limits of detection and quantification of 4 kinds of milk oligosaccharides were 0.94-2.31 mg/100 g and 3.12-7.69 mg/100 g, respectively; the recovery rates of 4 kinds of milk oligosaccharides were 97.7%-101.5%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) (n=7) were 0.53%-3.09%. Conclusion This method does not have high requirements for people, equipments and environment for determining the content of 4 kinds of milk oligosaccharides in milk powder. The pre-treatment operation is simple, and it has good accuracy and precision. It can provide a reference for the quality control method of human milk oligosaccharides in milk powder.

2'-fucosyllactose  /  3'-sialic acid  /  6'-sialic acid  /  lactose-N-neotetraose  /  liquid chromatography-fluorescence method  /  milk powder
邓思怡, 黄伟乾, 吴俊发, 覃天福, 陈祖健, 余梓恒, 李镇杰. 液相色谱-荧光法测定乳粉中4种母乳低聚糖. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (5) : 32 -37 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241114002
Si-Yi DENG, Wei-Qian HUANG, Jun-Fa WU, Tian-Fu QIN, Zu-Jian CHEN, Zi-Heng YU, Zhen-Jie LI. Determination of 4 kinds of breast milk oligosaccharides in milk powder by liquid chromatography-fluorescence method[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (5) : 32 -37 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241114002
母乳低聚糖(human milk oligosaccharides, HMOs), 也称人乳低聚糖, 是存在于母乳中一类复杂混合低聚糖, 是母乳中含量第三的固体成分。HMOs一般是由3~10个单糖单元通过糖苷链连接而成的碳水化合物, 具有抑制病原体对机体感染、促进双歧杆菌定植、激发机体免疫力、促进大脑发育等优点[1-4]。HMOs主要有3种类型: (1)岩藻糖基化的中性HMO, 占总量的35%~50%, 代表物质为2'-岩藻糖基乳糖(2'-fucosyllactose, 2'-FL), 2'-FL是所有HMOs中含量最高的, 占近30%; (2)非岩藻糖基化的中性HMO, 占总量的42%~55%, 代表物质为乳糖-N-新四糖(lacto-N-neo- tetraose, LNnT); (3)唾液酸化的酸性唾液酸, 占总量的12%~14%, 代表物质为3'-唾液酸乳糖(3'-sialyllactose, 3'-SL)和6'-唾液酸乳糖(6'-sialyllactose, 6'-SL)[5-8]
近年来, 越来越多的研究致力于高效生产HMOs, 并将其应用于婴幼儿配方食品中以改善婴幼儿等人群营养健康状况。目前, 经过安全性评估, HMOs已在多个国家、地区被批准使用, 其中2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL和LNnT已在欧盟和美国得到批准[9-14]。中国卫生健康委在2023年审查并通过的《关于桃胶等15种“三新食品”的公告》(2023年第8号)[15]中宣布, 2'-FL和LNnT正式获批成为允许使用的食品添加剂新品种, 其用量及适用范围均有明确的规定。
截至今日, 我国对乳粉中的2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL和LNnT的标准检测方法仍没有确切规定。目前, 对HMOs的检测方法主要有液相色谱-串联质谱法[16-18]、离子色谱-脉冲安培法[19-20]和液相色谱-荧光法[21-23]。其中, 液相色谱-串联质谱法检测低聚糖, 有快速测定、高灵敏度以及通过特征碎片进行准确定性的优点, 但低聚糖在质谱离子源脱溶剂和离子传输过程中容易受热裂解, 导致响应和重复性较差。离子色谱-脉冲安培法分析糖含量有较高的灵敏度和较好的分离效果, 但乳粉中含有的乳糖、低聚半乳糖(galacto- oligosaccharides, GOS)和低聚果糖(fructooligosaccharides, FOS)等低聚糖会干扰HMOs检测, 此外其强碱环境的流动相不能与质谱连用, 限制了其使用范围[20]。而液相色谱-荧光法是将HMOs衍生化后辅以荧光检测器检测, 特异性高、灵敏度强, 常被用作测定低聚糖的方法手段。目前, 国内对母乳低聚糖检测方面的文献较少。
本研究通过酶解样液除去干扰物质、衍生从而标记荧光信号, 采用酰胺键合色谱柱分离, 荧光检测器检测和内标法定量测定乳粉中2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL和LNnT含量, 为乳粉中母乳低聚糖质控方法提供参考。
乳粉样品(广州市某商店), 分别为: 调制乳粉(A)、婴幼儿配方乳粉(B)、特殊医学用途婴儿配方乳粉(C)。
二甲亚砜(分析纯)、2'-FL对照品(纯度96%)、3'-SL对照品(纯度92%)、6'-SL对照品(纯度92%)、LNnT对照品(纯度94.67%)(上海安谱实验科技股份有限公司); 2-氨基苯甲酰胺(2-aminobenzamide, 2-AB)(分析纯)、2-甲基吡啶硼烷(2-methylpyridine borane, 2-PB)(分析纯)、甲酸(色谱纯)、乙腈(色谱纯)、β-半乳糖苷酶(酶活力4000 U/mL)、淀粉葡萄糖苷酶(酶活力350 U/mL)(德国默克集团); 乙酸(色谱纯)、甲酸铵(色谱纯)、昆布三糖(纯度95%)(上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司); 氢氧化钠溶液(色谱纯, 美国赛默飞世尔科技公司); 婴幼儿配方奶粉阴性基底粉(广州某乳粉企业提供, 不含4种母乳低聚糖)。
U3000超高效液相色谱仪(美国赛默飞世尔科技有限公司); Aquaplore 2S纯水系统(重庆艾科浦颐洋企业发展有限公司); MS204T万分之一分析天平[梅特勒托利多测量设备(上海)有限公司]; Sigma 3-30KS高速冷冻离心机[西格玛奥德里奇(上海)贸易有限公司]; MS3涡旋振荡器[艾卡(广州)仪器设备有限公司]; XBridge BEH Amide Column色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm, 美国Waters公司)。
标准溶液的配制: 称取10 mg 2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL、LNnT标准品(按纯度折算, 精确至0.1 mg)于10 mL容量瓶中, 用超纯水溶解并定容, 配制成质量浓度为1 mg/mL储备液。分别移取标准储备液0、0.05、0.25、0.50、1.00、2.00、3.00 mL于5 mL容量瓶中, 用超纯水定容至刻度, 最终配制成质量浓度为0、10、50、100、200、400、600 μg/mL的标准溶液。
衍生化溶液: 称取286 mg 2-AB和625 mg 2-PB于10 mL试剂瓶中, 加入6 mL二甲亚砜-醋酸溶液(3:7, V:V)后混匀。
酶混合溶液: 称取酶活力约350 U淀粉葡萄糖苷酶溶于5 mL醋酸钠缓冲液(0.2 mol/L)中, 配成70 U/mL淀粉葡萄糖苷酶溶液。再将淀粉葡糖苷酶溶液(70 U/mL)和β-半乳糖苷酶溶液(4000 U/mL)按体积比例4:1混匀。
甲酸铵溶液[50 mmol/L, pH (4.4±0.1)]: 称取3.15 g甲酸铵于1000 mL容量瓶中, 用900 mL水溶解后用甲酸调节至pH (4.4±0.1), 用超纯水定容至刻度。
内标溶液: 称取20 mg昆布三糖于50 mL容量瓶中, 用超纯水定容至刻度。
奶粉溶液制备: 准确称取均匀的奶粉样品1~5 g于锥形瓶中, 用20 mL温水(约40~50 ℃)溶解后, 于(70±2) ℃下搅拌20~25 min, 冷却到室温后转移至50 mL容量瓶中定容至刻度, 混匀后备用。
移取200 µL的奶粉溶液到离心管中, 再加入100 µL的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶和β-半乳糖苷酶的混合溶液, 振荡混匀后将离心管置于(60±2) ℃的水浴中1 h。取出冷却后加入100 µL内标溶液, 振荡混匀后, 于-4 ℃下10000 r/min离心10 min。上清液作为2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL的试样衍生前样液。
移取200 µL的奶粉溶液到离心管中, 再加入100 µL的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶溶液, 振荡混匀后将离心管置于(60±2) ℃的水浴中1 h。取出冷却后加入100 µL内标溶液, 振荡混匀后, 于-4 ℃下10000 r/min离心10 min。上清液作为LNnT的试样衍生前样液。
分别移取100 µL的上述两种离心上清液到2 mL的离心管中, 接着加入100 µL的衍生试剂溶液。振荡器上混合数秒后, 将离心管置于(65±2) ℃的水浴中1 h。取出离心管, 振荡混匀后放置于冰箱冷藏处理5 min。取出离心管, 在通风橱中开盖后, 加入1000 µL水:乙腈(25:75, V:V)溶剂。振荡混匀后, 于-4 ℃下10000 r/min离心10 min, 取上层适量溶液上机分析, 作为样品溶液测定。
移取200 µL超纯水到离心管中, 与试样同步进行酶解、衍生, 离心后取上层适量溶液上机分析, 作为试剂空白溶液测定。
移取200 µL标准溶液到离心管中, 与试样同步进行酶解、衍生, 离心后取上层适量溶液上机分析, 作为标准溶液测定。
检测器: 荧光检测器; 检测器波长: 激发波长为330 nm, 发射波长为420 nm; 酰胺键合色谱柱(XBridge BEH Amide Column, 2.1 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm), 柱温: 35 ℃; 进样量: 10 μL; 流速为0.5 mL/min; 流动相A为乙腈, 流动相B为甲酸铵缓冲溶液(pH 4.4)。洗脱条件如表1所示。
实验重复3次测定, 数据采用仪器配套的变色龙软件对物质进行定性、定量分析, 采用内标法定量。回收率、相对标准偏差和标准曲线线性方程采用Excel 2010进行处理,并分别使用Word 2010和Excel 2010进行表格和图的绘制。
配方奶粉中或许添加淀粉或者麦芽糊精, 一方面作为能量来源或维生素和矿物质的载体, 另一方面以提高其黏稠性和速溶性, 但大量存在时会干扰HMOs的测定。此外, 许多配方奶粉中也经常添加低聚半乳糖, 同样会干扰3'-SL和6'-SL的测定, 因此有必要添加不同酶分别进行特异性消除[23]
GB 5009.245—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中聚葡萄糖的测定》中添加淀粉葡萄糖苷酶对提取液进行酶解, 特异性消除淀粉干扰物以测定聚葡萄糖; GB 1903.27—2022《食品安全国家标准 食品营养强化剂 低聚半乳糖》中添加β-半乳糖苷酶酶解低聚半乳糖含量。但是乳糖-N-三糖II (lacto-N-triose II, LNT II)是合成LNnT的常见前体, β-半乳糖苷酶可以催化半乳糖基从乳糖转移至LNT II从而合成LNnT[24-25]
因此, 采用淀粉葡萄糖苷酶和β-半乳糖苷酶对提取液进行酶解处理, 测定3'-SL和6'-SL; 采用淀粉葡萄糖苷酶酶解, 即在没有添加β-半乳糖苷酶处理的情况下测定LNnT。2'-FL的测定不受低聚半乳糖、β-半乳糖苷酶的影响, 因此可使用任何一种前处理酶解方法测定2'-FL。
HMOs本身无发色基团, 在检测器上的灵敏度低, 需进行衍生反应, 如发色活性标记物标记。发色活性标记物标记在糖链后, 通过荧光检测技术进行检测与分析, 对糖链进行定性定量分析。据文献记载, 常用到的荧光衍生剂有氨基吡啶类如2-氨基吡啶、苯胺类如2-氨基苯甲酸(anthranilic acid, 2-AA)和2-AB、酰肼类如N,N-二甲基氨基萘-5-磺酸肼和4-N,N-二甲基氨基-4-偶氮苯磺酸肼等[26-29]。氨基吡啶类衍生试剂的氨基团有位阻现象和电子钝化现象, 与糖类物质结合时会导致去糖基化反应, 从而干扰糖的分析。糖与酰肼类试剂反应后通常会产生两个峰, 使分离复杂化, 故相关的研究进行并不深入。芴甲氧基羰基肼克服了以往酰肼类试剂的缺点,但其只能与还原糖反应, 限制了其使用范围。童文峰等[30]对HMOs分别进行2-AA、2-AB与2-氨基吖啶酮(2-aminoacridone, AMAC)衍生, 比较后选取2-AA作为最优衍生剂,
2-AA是一种荧光分子, 2-AA标记与糖链上氨基基团连接, 标记在糖链后, 通过荧光检测技术进行检测与分析, 对糖链进行定性定量分析。糖链需要经过还原胺化反应生成氨基基团, 而2-PB作为糖类标记的还原胺化试剂有反应充分和低毒性等优点。因此, 选择2-AB和2-PB作为实验衍生剂。
对高效液相色谱仪系统校正的方法主要有外标法和内标法。外标法是用待测组分的纯品作对照物质, 以对照物质和样品中待测组分的响应信号相比较进行定量的方法。内标法是一种间接或相对的校准方法。在分析测定样品中某组分含量时, 加入一种内标物质以校准和消除由于操作条件的波动而对分析结果产生的影响, 以提高分析结果的准确度。由于2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL、LNnT标准品难以购获, 目前可使用内标法, 通过使用结构和性质类似糖类物质对此进行定量校准。而昆布三糖一般不存在于奶粉中, 在色谱图中不会受其他杂峰干扰影响, 相关研究[31]亦发现昆布三糖与低聚糖被2-AB荧光标记时具有相近的荧光摩尔灵敏度, 常被选择作为内标物质。因此本研究中选取昆布三糖作内标物质校准曲线以测定目标糖的含量。
用水配制2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL、LNnT对照品储备液(1 mg/mL), 再精密移取对照品储备液, 分别用水定容、配制成质量浓度为0、10、50、100、200、400、600 μg/mL的对照品工作液。按照1.3.4液相色谱条件进行液相色谱-荧光法分析, 测定方法的线性范围。4种母乳低聚糖的标准谱图和空白溶液色谱图见图1~2。以工作液浓度为横坐标, 以内标浓度×工作液峰面积与内标峰面积的比值为纵坐标, 绘制对照品工作液曲线, 结果详见表2。结果显示, 2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL、LNnT在10~600 mg/L范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数(r2)均为0.9999, 满足实际样品检测的灵敏度要求。以4种母乳低聚糖的仪器响应信噪比(S/N)的3倍和10倍计算仪器检出限和仪器定量限, 结合样品前处理过程的稀释倍数(以50倍计), 计算得到的方法检出限(method detection limit, MLOD)和方法定量限(method quantitation limit, MLOQ)。由表2可知, 方法检出限为0.94~2.31 mg/100 g, 定量限为3.12~7.69 mg/100 g, 满足实验要求。
选取婴幼儿配方奶粉阴性基底粉进行3水平加标, 水平浓度如表3所示, 每个加标水平做7平行试验, 以验证方法的精密度与准确性。第一个加标水平色谱图见图3~4。由表3可知, 4种母乳低聚糖加标回收率为97.7%~101.5%, 精密度的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD) (n=7)为0.53%~3.09%, 验证结果能符合GB/T 27417—2017《合格评定 化学分析方法确认和验证指南》的要求, 表明方法精密度、正确度好。
为了验证不同方法间的结果一致性, 本研究使用本方法与T/SAFC 002—2024《婴幼儿配方乳粉及调制乳粉中7种母乳低聚糖的测定》对国内3种不同类型的乳粉进行6平行测试, 并与明示质量指标比较, 测试结果见表4。由表4可知, 3种样品的测定结果均大于80%的明示值; 通过t检验评价两种方法的差异性, 可知t值均<2.228(t0.05,10), 表明同一样品两组结果间的差异无统计学意义, 两种方法测定结果无显著性差异。
本研究通过探讨酶解条件、衍生试剂、校正方法的选择和利用液相色谱-荧光检测器, 建立了液相色谱-荧光法同时测定乳粉中4种母乳低聚糖(2'-FL、3'-SL、6'-SL和LNnT)含量的检测方法。本方法能实现4种母乳低聚糖的分离与定量, 对检测人员、设备和环境要求不高、前处理过程简单。方法学验证表明本方法回收率高、精密度和正确度好, 适用于批量样品的测定, 可为乳粉母乳低聚糖质控方法提供参考。

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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241114002
  • 接收时间:2024-11-14
  • 首发时间:2025-07-19
  • 出版时间:2025-03-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-14
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    广州检验检测认证集团有限公司, 广州 511447

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* 邓思怡(1995—), 女, 硕士, 助理工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全质量检验检测。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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