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Article(id=1153429497618620946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240409002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1712592000000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752928621915, onlineDateStr=2025-07-19, pubDate=1741968000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752928621915, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752928621915, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752928621915, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153429493357203682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='326', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752928620900, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758690311058, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1177595773500932351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1177595773500932352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153429493357203682, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=207, endPage=214, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153429498205823510, articleId=1153429497618620946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Determination of 11 kinds of residues of benzimidazole drugs in freshwater fish and shrimp by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, columnId=1153429495274000613, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Research and Detection of Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residue, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish a method for the determination of 11 kinds of residues of benzimidazole drugs in freshwater fish and shrimp by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Methods The samples were first extracted by acetonitrile twice, purified by mixed strong cationic solid phase extraction column, then separated by Waters C18 column, detected by UPLC-MS/MS, and the internal standard method was adopted for quantitative analysis. Results The 11 kinds of benzimidazole drugs showed good linear relationships at 1.0-50.0 μg/L, with correlation coefficients (r2) greater than 0.99. The ranges of spiked recovery rates for 3 concentrations of blank fish samples were between 78.4% and 104.3%, and the relative standard deviations of the recovery rates for 3 concentrations were between 2.0% and 8.8%; the recovery rates of 3 concentrations of shrimp meat blank samples ranged from 73.3% to 107.5%, with relative standard deviations between 1.5% and 8.7%. The limit of detection of the method in this study was 0.5 μg/kg, and the limit of quantification of the method was 2.0 μg/kg. Conclusion The method has good purification effect, stable reproducibility and recovery, and is suitable for the determination of 11 kinds of benzimidazole residues in freshwater fish and shrimp.

, correspAuthors=Shui-Feng ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yun-Xuan LI, Lu-Lu WANG, Ying CHEN, Yuan-Xu SHI, Shui-Feng ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153429517977772894, articleId=1153429497618620946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定淡水鱼虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留, columnId=1153429495479521513, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=本期专题：农兽药残留研究与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)测定淡水鱼淡水虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留量的方法。方法 样品首先进行两次乙腈提取, 利用混合型强阳离子固相萃取柱对提取物进行净化, 接着通过Waters C18色谱柱分离, UPLC-MS/MS进行检测, 并采用内标法进行定量分析。结果 11种苯并咪唑类药物在1.0~50.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数(r2)均大于0.99。3个浓度的鱼肉空白样品加标回收率范围在78.4%~104.3%内, 其相对标准偏差在2.0%~8.8%之间; 3个浓度的虾肉空白样品加标回收率范围在73.3%~107.5%内, 其相对标准偏差在1.5%~8.7%之间。本方法检出限为0.5 μg/kg, 定量限为2.0 μg/kg。结论 该方法净化效果好, 重现性及回收率稳定, 适用于淡水鱼淡水虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留量的测定。

, correspAuthors=张水锋, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 张水锋, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全。E-mail:
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李云萱(1992—), 女, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全。E-mail:

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李云萱(1992—), 女, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全。E-mail:

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Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University, 2023, 30(1): 51-54., articleTitle=Detection of fenbendazole and its metabolites residues in chicken by liquid chromatography, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1177619598921839512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, awardId=ZL202301, language=CN, fundingSource=浙江方圆检测集团股份有限公司科技项目(ZL202301), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1177619595549619046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1177619595558007655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, companyId=1177619595549619046, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Zhejiang Fangyuan Test Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1177619595570590568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, companyId=1177619595549619046, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=浙江方圆检测集团股份有限公司, 杭州 310018)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1177619597504164746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Standard chromatograms of 11 kinds of benzimidazole drugs, figureFileSmall=EApD8blLdneDq0hjI4kJ1w==, figureFileBig=bb0gH8aNiv+gSkY/w3G73A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619597588050827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=CN, label=图1, caption=11种苯并咪唑类药物的标准色谱图, figureFileSmall=EApD8blLdneDq0hjI4kJ1w==, figureFileBig=bb0gH8aNiv+gSkY/w3G73A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619597634188172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Standard chromatograms of internal standards for 6 kinds of benzimidazole drugs, figureFileSmall=lrTo8n/wl+OeGfdWRCqU2Q==, figureFileBig=TkIP0xWhDj18HuIbgOj+Hw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619597709685645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=CN, label=图2, caption=6种苯并咪唑类药物内标的标准色谱图, figureFileSmall=lrTo8n/wl+OeGfdWRCqU2Q==, figureFileBig=TkIP0xWhDj18HuIbgOj+Hw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619597776794510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of extractant type on the recoveries of benzimidazole drugs (n=6), figureFileSmall=2TeoMV9xqy6vVPsDvTN3kw==, figureFileBig=Rnnqwid3LMs70S4N/MkVqQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619597852291983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=CN, label=图3, caption=萃取剂类型对苯并咪唑类药物回收率的影响(n=6), figureFileSmall=2TeoMV9xqy6vVPsDvTN3kw==, figureFileBig=Rnnqwid3LMs70S4N/MkVqQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619597898429328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effects of SPE type on the recoveries of benzimidazole drugs (n=6), figureFileSmall=H1++VSE+SQuVcuUm4vWnkA==, figureFileBig=4Lw+Lg31nvnrh3en9KaGPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619597994898321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=CN, label=图4, caption=固相萃取柱类型对苯并咪唑类药物回收率的影响(n=6), figureFileSmall=H1++VSE+SQuVcuUm4vWnkA==, figureFileBig=4Lw+Lg31nvnrh3en9KaGPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1177619598045229970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Mass spectrometric parameters for detection of 11 kinds of benzimidazole drugs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标物 母离子(m/z) 子离子(m/z) 去簇电压/V 碰撞能量/V
阿苯达唑 266.0 234.0*
191.0		 80
80		 15
20
阿苯达唑砜 298.0 159.0*
266.0		 80
80		 28
13
阿苯达唑亚砜 282.0 208.0*
240.0		 80
80		 17
13
阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜 240.0 198.0*
133.0		 80
80		 20
31
甲苯咪唑 296.0 104.8*
77.0		 80
80		 35
41
羟基甲苯咪唑 298.0 265.8*
160.0		 80
80		 13
35
氨基甲苯咪唑 238.0 105.0*
76.9		 80
80		 32
41
噻苯达唑 202.0 175.0*
131.0		 80
80		 35
43
芬苯达唑 300.0 268.0*
159.0		 80
80		 12
36
奥芬达唑 316.0 191.0*
159.0		 80
80		 38
42
非班太尔 447.0 280.0*
383.0		 80
80		 35
20
阿苯达唑-D3 269.0 234.0 80 15
阿苯达唑砜-D3 301.0 159.0 80 47
甲苯咪唑-D3 299.0 105.0 80 35
羟基甲苯咪唑-D3 301.0 266.0 80 13
芬苯达唑-D3 303.0 268.0 80 12
奥芬达唑-D3 319.0 191.0 80 38
), ArticleFig(id=1177619598108144531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

11种苯并咪唑类药物的质谱参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标物 母离子(m/z) 子离子(m/z) 去簇电压/V 碰撞能量/V
阿苯达唑 266.0 234.0*
191.0		 80
80		 15
20
阿苯达唑砜 298.0 159.0*
266.0		 80
80		 28
13
阿苯达唑亚砜 282.0 208.0*
240.0		 80
80		 17
13
阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜 240.0 198.0*
133.0		 80
80		 20
31
甲苯咪唑 296.0 104.8*
77.0		 80
80		 35
41
羟基甲苯咪唑 298.0 265.8*
160.0		 80
80		 13
35
氨基甲苯咪唑 238.0 105.0*
76.9		 80
80		 32
41
噻苯达唑 202.0 175.0*
131.0		 80
80		 35
43
芬苯达唑 300.0 268.0*
159.0		 80
80		 12
36
奥芬达唑 316.0 191.0*
159.0		 80
80		 38
42
非班太尔 447.0 280.0*
383.0		 80
80		 35
20
阿苯达唑-D3 269.0 234.0 80 15
阿苯达唑砜-D3 301.0 159.0 80 47
甲苯咪唑-D3 299.0 105.0 80 35
羟基甲苯咪唑-D3 301.0 266.0 80 13
芬苯达唑-D3 303.0 268.0 80 12
奥芬达唑-D3 319.0 191.0 80 38
), ArticleFig(id=1177619598183642004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Linear equations, limits of detection and limits of quantification of 11 kinds of benzimidazole drugs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 线性方程 线性范围/(μg/L) 线性相关系数(r2) 检出限/(μg/kg) 定量限/(μg/kg)
阿苯达唑 Y=1.2464X-0.08253 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
阿苯达唑砜 Y=0.12312X-0.01781 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
阿苯达唑亚砜 Y=0.07630X+0.00372 1.0~50.0 0.998 0.5 2.0
阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜 Y=0.19768X-0.02427 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
甲苯咪唑 Y=1.35727X-0.17614 1.0~50.0 0.997 0.5 2.0
羟基甲苯咪唑 Y=1.18035X-0.33278 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
氨基甲苯咪唑 Y=1.12551X-0.17013 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
噻苯达唑 Y=18.09410X-5.11427 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
芬苯达唑 Y=1.37865X-0.23542 1.0~50.0 0.998 0.5 2.0
奥芬达唑 Y=4.97558X-0.60099 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
非班太尔 Y=0.15260X+0.01531 1.0~50.0 0.996 0.5 2.0
), ArticleFig(id=1177619598301082517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

11种苯并咪唑类药物的线性方程、检出限和定量限

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 线性方程 线性范围/(μg/L) 线性相关系数(r2) 检出限/(μg/kg) 定量限/(μg/kg)
阿苯达唑 Y=1.2464X-0.08253 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
阿苯达唑砜 Y=0.12312X-0.01781 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
阿苯达唑亚砜 Y=0.07630X+0.00372 1.0~50.0 0.998 0.5 2.0
阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜 Y=0.19768X-0.02427 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
甲苯咪唑 Y=1.35727X-0.17614 1.0~50.0 0.997 0.5 2.0
羟基甲苯咪唑 Y=1.18035X-0.33278 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
氨基甲苯咪唑 Y=1.12551X-0.17013 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
噻苯达唑 Y=18.09410X-5.11427 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
芬苯达唑 Y=1.37865X-0.23542 1.0~50.0 0.998 0.5 2.0
奥芬达唑 Y=4.97558X-0.60099 1.0~50.0 0.999 0.5 2.0
非班太尔 Y=0.15260X+0.01531 1.0~50.0 0.996 0.5 2.0
), ArticleFig(id=1177619598401745814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Recovery rates and precisions of 11 kinds of benzimidazole drugs (n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 加标浓度/(μg/kg) 回收率(鱼肉)/% 相对标准偏差(鱼肉)/% 回收率(虾)/% 相对标准偏差(虾)/%
阿苯达唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 92.0, 89.3, 103.2 4.4, 3.2, 2.8 88.4, 98.6, 95.3 5.6, 3.2, 4.7
阿苯达唑砜 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 90.9, 95.7, 98.1 3.9, 3.1, 2.4 91.9, 90.7, 102.5 2.8, 3.1, 4.2
阿苯达唑亚砜 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 93.6, 91.8, 97.4 5.1, 2.4, 3.8 87.6, 92.8, 103.8 6.8, 5.3, 2.2
阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 89.8, 87.2, 92.5 5.8, 4.9, 3.1 90.7, 94.6, 98.5 1.9, 3.7, 4.1
甲苯咪唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 93.2, 95.6, 104.3 3.0, 2.4, 2.1 93.1, 97.0, 106.9 3.8, 4.5, 2.6
羟基甲苯咪唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 92.3, 102.8, 101.5 4.2, 2.9, 3.3 104.6, 107.5, 96.9 1.5, 1.9, 2.1
氨基甲苯咪唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 89.6, 94.5, 96.6 2.9, 3.2, 2.0 90.1, 92.6, 94.4 3.8, 6.5, 4.2
噻苯达唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 85.4, 87.3, 88.0 6.1, 4.8, 5.4 82.1, 84.9, 87.2 6.8, 7.0, 6.4
芬苯达唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 81.2, 83.5, 83.8 7.6, 5.8, 4.2 88.5, 90.1, 92.3 7.2, 5.9, 3.7
奥芬达唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 80.8, 84.6, 85.7 6.9, 4.5, 5.3 79.4, 82.6, 84.5 6.8, 5.4, 2.9
非班太尔 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 78.4, 85.7, 84.9 8.8, 6.4, 7.2 73.3, 80.9, 79.8 8.7, 4.2, 5.5
), ArticleFig(id=1177619598645015447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153429497618620946, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

11种苯并咪唑类药物的回收率和精密度(n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 加标浓度/(μg/kg) 回收率(鱼肉)/% 相对标准偏差(鱼肉)/% 回收率(虾)/% 相对标准偏差(虾)/%
阿苯达唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 92.0, 89.3, 103.2 4.4, 3.2, 2.8 88.4, 98.6, 95.3 5.6, 3.2, 4.7
阿苯达唑砜 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 90.9, 95.7, 98.1 3.9, 3.1, 2.4 91.9, 90.7, 102.5 2.8, 3.1, 4.2
阿苯达唑亚砜 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 93.6, 91.8, 97.4 5.1, 2.4, 3.8 87.6, 92.8, 103.8 6.8, 5.3, 2.2
阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 89.8, 87.2, 92.5 5.8, 4.9, 3.1 90.7, 94.6, 98.5 1.9, 3.7, 4.1
甲苯咪唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 93.2, 95.6, 104.3 3.0, 2.4, 2.1 93.1, 97.0, 106.9 3.8, 4.5, 2.6
羟基甲苯咪唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 92.3, 102.8, 101.5 4.2, 2.9, 3.3 104.6, 107.5, 96.9 1.5, 1.9, 2.1
氨基甲苯咪唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 89.6, 94.5, 96.6 2.9, 3.2, 2.0 90.1, 92.6, 94.4 3.8, 6.5, 4.2
噻苯达唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 85.4, 87.3, 88.0 6.1, 4.8, 5.4 82.1, 84.9, 87.2 6.8, 7.0, 6.4
芬苯达唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 81.2, 83.5, 83.8 7.6, 5.8, 4.2 88.5, 90.1, 92.3 7.2, 5.9, 3.7
奥芬达唑 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 80.8, 84.6, 85.7 6.9, 4.5, 5.3 79.4, 82.6, 84.5 6.8, 5.4, 2.9
非班太尔 0.5, 2.0, 20.0 78.4, 85.7, 84.9 8.8, 6.4, 7.2 73.3, 80.9, 79.8 8.7, 4.2, 5.5
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超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定淡水鱼虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留
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李云萱 , 王璐璐 , 陈颖 , 施元旭 , 张水锋 *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题：农兽药残留研究与检测 2025,16(5): 207-214
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 本期专题：农兽药残留研究与检测 2025, 16(5): 207-214
超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定淡水鱼虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留
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李云萱 , 王璐璐, 陈颖, 施元旭, 张水锋*
作者信息
  • 浙江方圆检测集团股份有限公司, 杭州 310018

    • 李云萱(1992—), 女, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 张水锋, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全。E-mail:
Determination of 11 kinds of residues of benzimidazole drugs in freshwater fish and shrimp by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Yun-Xuan LI , Lu-Lu WANG, Ying CHEN, Yuan-Xu SHI, Shui-Feng ZHANG*
Affiliations
  • Zhejiang Fangyuan Test Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China
出版时间: 2025-03-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240409002
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目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)测定淡水鱼淡水虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留量的方法。方法 样品首先进行两次乙腈提取, 利用混合型强阳离子固相萃取柱对提取物进行净化, 接着通过Waters C18色谱柱分离, UPLC-MS/MS进行检测, 并采用内标法进行定量分析。结果 11种苯并咪唑类药物在1.0~50.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数(r2)均大于0.99。3个浓度的鱼肉空白样品加标回收率范围在78.4%~104.3%内, 其相对标准偏差在2.0%~8.8%之间; 3个浓度的虾肉空白样品加标回收率范围在73.3%~107.5%内, 其相对标准偏差在1.5%~8.7%之间。本方法检出限为0.5 μg/kg, 定量限为2.0 μg/kg。结论 该方法净化效果好, 重现性及回收率稳定, 适用于淡水鱼淡水虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留量的测定。

淡水鱼  /  淡水虾  /  苯并咪唑类药物  /  超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法

Objective To establish a method for the determination of 11 kinds of residues of benzimidazole drugs in freshwater fish and shrimp by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Methods The samples were first extracted by acetonitrile twice, purified by mixed strong cationic solid phase extraction column, then separated by Waters C18 column, detected by UPLC-MS/MS, and the internal standard method was adopted for quantitative analysis. Results The 11 kinds of benzimidazole drugs showed good linear relationships at 1.0-50.0 μg/L, with correlation coefficients (r2) greater than 0.99. The ranges of spiked recovery rates for 3 concentrations of blank fish samples were between 78.4% and 104.3%, and the relative standard deviations of the recovery rates for 3 concentrations were between 2.0% and 8.8%; the recovery rates of 3 concentrations of shrimp meat blank samples ranged from 73.3% to 107.5%, with relative standard deviations between 1.5% and 8.7%. The limit of detection of the method in this study was 0.5 μg/kg, and the limit of quantification of the method was 2.0 μg/kg. Conclusion The method has good purification effect, stable reproducibility and recovery, and is suitable for the determination of 11 kinds of benzimidazole residues in freshwater fish and shrimp.

freshwater fish  /  freshwater shrimp  /  benzimidazole drugs  /  ultra performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry
李云萱, 王璐璐, 陈颖, 施元旭, 张水锋. 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定淡水鱼虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (5) : 207 -214 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240409002
Yun-Xuan LI, Lu-Lu WANG, Ying CHEN, Yuan-Xu SHI, Shui-Feng ZHANG. Determination of 11 kinds of residues of benzimidazole drugs in freshwater fish and shrimp by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (5) : 207 -214 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240409002
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0 引言
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苯并咪唑类药物是一类苯并杂环化合物, 通常是苯环和咪唑的C-4H和C-5取代基稠合而成[1], 其母核结合不同的官能团能形成各类功能的化合物[2], 如阿苯达唑、甲苯达唑、芬苯达唑、噻苯达唑等。这些药物作为一种广谱驱虫药, 有着毒性较小、治疗效果好等特点, 被广泛应用于治疗各种动物线虫病[3-4]。阿苯达唑在动物体内残留的标志物有阿苯达唑砜、阿苯达唑亚砜、阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜; 甲苯咪唑在动物体内的代谢物主要有羟基甲苯咪唑和氨基甲苯咪唑[5]。该药物的代谢物为杀虫主要成分, 会阻止肠道寄生虫对各种糖类进行吸收, 使寄生虫无法为自己提供生存所需的营养物质, 继而无法生存和繁殖[6-7]。虽然苯并咪唑类药物毒性小, 但长期用药会导致动物体内毒素累积, 有致癌、贫血和肺水肿等风险, 因此会对人体健康造成一定危害[8-10]。本研究前期筛查阶段, 在不同购买源头的淡水鱼和淡水虾中均检出一定量的苯并咪唑类药物残留, 人们长期食用含有此类物质的食物, 必然对身体健康造成一定危害。因此我国在GB 31650—2019《食品安全国家标准 食品中兽药最大残留限量》中对动物肌肉中的阿苯达唑类药物限量有明确规定, 最大残留量为100 μg/kg。
目前国内外多是对禽畜肉、牛奶和鸡蛋中的苯并咪唑类药物进行定量分析[11-14], 其主要检测手段有高效液相色谱法[15-18]、高分辨质谱法[19-20]、高效液相色谱-串联质谱法[21-26]、气相色谱-串联质谱法[27]、拉曼测试分析法[28]等。其中, 高效液相色谱-串联质谱法有着单针进样时间短、检测灵敏度高、能处理复杂基质的特点而作为最常用的检测手段。但目前方法基质较少涉及淡水鱼虾, 与此同时, 液相色谱-串联质谱法检测多种苯并咪唑类药物的内标定量方法相对较少[29]。我国也只对几种动物肌肉组织中的苯并咪唑类药物有限量要求, 但长期摄入体内累积该类药物的鱼虾, 会有潜在的致癌分险[30-31], 所以有必要对该类药物进行深入研究。因此, 本研究主要目标在探索、比较并优化水产品可食用部分的药物提取效率, 并建立操作步骤少、实验周期较短的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)测定淡水鱼虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物残留量, 以期为淡水鱼虾中苯并咪唑类药物的监控提供依据。
1 材料与方法
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1.1 材料与试剂
菜场购买的30份淡水鱼、30份淡水虾样品。
阿苯达唑、甲苯咪唑、阿苯达唑砜、羟基甲苯咪唑、阿苯达唑亚砜、氨基甲苯咪唑、阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜、噻苯达唑、芬苯达唑、奥芬达唑、非班太尔、阿苯达唑-D3、阿苯达唑砜-D3、甲苯咪唑-D3、羟基甲苯咪唑-D3、芬苯达唑-D3、奥芬达唑-D3标准物质(质量浓度100.0 μg/mL, 北京坛墨质检科技有限公司); 甲酸、乙腈、甲醇(色谱纯, 德国Merck公司); Oasis MCX强混合型阳离子交换柱(美国Waters公司); 实验用水均为符合GB/T 6682—2008《分析实验室用水规格和试验方法》的实验室一级用水。
1.2 仪器与设备
AB Sciex Qtrap 5500三重四极杆串联质谱仪(美国SCIEX公司); Vortex 3自动漩涡混合器(德国IKA公司); HY-2A调速振荡器 (江苏金坛荣华仪器制造有限公司); Milli-Q超纯水仪(美国Millipore-Q公司); ST16R高速冷冻离心机 (美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); VG3 S025涡旋混合器、T25高速匀浆机(德国IKA公司); GM200刀式研磨仪(德国Retsch公司); Waters C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)(美国Waters公司)。
1.3 实验方法
1.3.1 标准溶液的配制
11种苯并咪唑类药物混合标准中间液(1.0 μg/mL): 精密移取100 μL 11种苯并咪唑类药物标准溶液于10 mL容量瓶中, 甲醇定容, 在深色玻璃瓶中保存, -18 ℃以下避光, 有效期3个月。
同位素内标混合中间液(1.0 μg/mL): 精密移取100 μL 6种苯并咪唑类药物同位素内标标准溶液于10 mL容量瓶中, 甲醇定容, 在深色玻璃瓶中保存, -18 ℃以下, 有效期3个月。
1.3.2 标准工作曲线的绘制
移取一定体积的上述混合标准中间液和同位素内标混合中间液, 配制质量浓度为1.0、5.0、10.0、20.0、50.0 μg/L的苯并咪唑类药物混合标准工作液, 其中包含10.0 μg/L内标, 每次实验时临时配制。
1.3.3 样品前处理
用研磨仪把淡水鱼、淡水虾制成匀浆后备用。称取2.0 g已经匀浆的样品, 于50 mL螺盖离心管中, 加入内标中间液20 μL, 加入10 mL酸化乙腈(含0.05%甲酸), 涡旋1 min之后, 振荡10 min, 8000 r/min离心10 min, 取上清液转移到另一50 mL螺盖离心管中。残渣再用5 mL酸化乙腈(含0.05%甲酸)重复提取一次, 合并两次提取液, 待净化。
1.3.4 净化
依次用5 mL甲醇、5 mL纯水活化阳离子交换柱MCX, 把全部待净化液, 加入固相萃取柱中, 依次用5 mL水、5 mL甲醇淋洗, 抽干后用5 mL 5%氨水甲醇洗脱并收集, 收集液在40 ℃水浴中氮吹至干, 最后用1.0 mL 0.1%甲酸-20%甲醇水定容后, 过微孔滤膜, 供超高效液相色谱-质谱仪测定。
1.3.5 仪器条件
色谱条件: Waters C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm); 流动相洗脱模式为梯度洗脱: 选取乙腈为流动相A, 0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相B; 0.00~1.00 min, 5% A; 1.00~ 2.00 min, 5%~95% A; 2.00~4.00 min, 95% A; 4.00~4.50 min, 95%~5% A; 4.50~5.00 min, 5% A; 柱温40 ℃, 进样量5 μL。
质谱条件: 电离模式: 电喷雾离子源正离子(electro spray ionization, ESI+); 气帘气: 35 psi; 雾化气: 60 psi; 辅助气: 60 psi; 离子源温度: 550 ℃; 特征离子对、去簇电压、碰撞能量见表1。
各目标物及其对应的内标物: 阿苯达唑内标物为阿苯达唑-D3, 阿苯达唑砜、阿苯达唑亚砜、阿苯达唑-2-氨基砜内标物为阿苯达唑砜-D3, 甲苯咪唑、氨基甲苯咪唑内标物为甲苯咪唑-D3, 羟基甲苯咪唑内标物为羟基甲苯咪唑-D3, 芬苯达唑内标物为芬苯达唑-D3, 噻苯达唑、奥芬达唑、非班太尔内标物为奥芬达唑-D3。
1.4 数据处理
本研究采用Scheduled MRM™专业算法对数据进行定性定量分析, 其中, 实验平行重复性测定6次, 结果以平均值表示, 并通过Mocrosoft Excel 2010和Origin 2016软件进行数据的整理和图表的绘制。
2 结果与分析
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2.1 色谱条件优化
本研究采用Waters C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm)对物质进行分离, 比较几种不同比例流动相配比下的目标物分离情况, 包括纯水和乙腈、纯水和甲醇、0.1%甲酸水溶液和乙腈以及0.1%甲酸水溶液和甲醇。结果发现, 对比两种包含甲醇的流动相时, 11种苯并咪唑类药物在乙腈体系中分离效果更好, 目标峰拖尾情况较少, 峰型对称尖锐。而0.1%甲酸水溶液+乙腈的配比能让目标物更容易离子化, 得到峰型对称、峰宽较窄的优质色谱峰。因此选择甲酸水溶液(甲酸含量为0.1%)和纯乙腈作为本研究方法的两种流动相。11种苯并咪唑类药物分离情况如图1所示, 6种苯并咪唑类药物内标分离情况如图2所示。
2.2 质谱条件优化
在此研究中, 由于11种苯并咪唑类药物容易捕获游离质子, 从而形成[M+H]+峰, 因此, 选用了正离子模式扫描。先配制质量浓度为1.0 μg/mL的11种苯并咪唑类药物混合标准中间液, 用仪器适配针泵吸取后, 将其与质谱直接连接, 注入电喷雾电离源进行离子化, 首先用质量过滤器Q1全扫描确定11种苯并咪唑类药物中各个物质的母离子, 并调整入口端电压使母离子峰达到最高响应, 再用质量过滤器Q3模式, 改变碰撞能量、解簇电压, 选择两对信号强度最大、并能稳定存在的子离子作为定性子离子和定量子离子, 最后进行多次重复确认各类能量值, 使各种目标物的母离子和子离子均能达到最强响应。本方法质谱参数如表1所示。
2.3 前处理条件的优化
苯并咪唑类药物的提取剂多采用氨水乙酸乙酯或酸化乙腈, 本方法针对氨水乙酸乙酯和酸化乙腈的提取回收率进行比较, 发现采用酸化乙腈提取时, 得到的上清液较易通过固相萃取柱, 因为乙酸乙酯会溶解鱼虾中较多的脂肪, 过柱时会阻塞柱内填料孔隙, 导致过柱困难, 增加前处理的时间和难度, 而酸化乙腈作为提取液时, 过柱流速明显快于氨化乙酸乙酯提取液, 因此选酸化乙腈作为提取剂。为保证将样品中的目标物充分提取, 本研究重复提取了两次。不同的浓度的酸化乙腈对苯并咪唑类药物回收率影响见图3。
本方法比较了MCX、PXC、prime HLB和EMR-Lipid 4种固相萃取柱净化效果, 其中, MCX和PXC需先平衡再上样洗脱, 而prime HLB和EMR-Lipid是直接接收通过柱子的液体, 虽然后两者过柱时间较快, 但是净化效果不如前两者干净, 主要表现在质谱目标峰周围仍有些许杂峰。故选用能让11种苯并咪唑类药物净化效果更好、回收率也更高的MCX固相萃取柱。不同的类型固相萃取柱对苯并咪唑类药物回收率影响见图4。
2.4 线性范围、检出限、定量限和回收率
在已优化的仪器条件下, 配制11种苯并咪唑类药物混合工作液, 经UPLC-MS/MS仪测定后, 以定量离子对与内标物峰面积的比值(Y)为纵坐标, 11种物质的标准工作液质量浓度(X, μg/L)为横坐标, 绘制标准曲线。11种物质的检出限和定量限、线性方程、线性相关系数列于表2。可知11种物质在1.0~50.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好, 线性相关系数均大于0.99, 11种化合物的检出限为0.5 μg/kg, 定量限为2.0 μg/kg, 方法灵敏度较高。
在已优化过的前处理及仪器条件下评估各项指标, 11种苯并咪唑类药物在1.0~50.0 μg/L的线性范围内线性良好, 其线性相关系数达到0.996~0.999。以定量离子信噪比为3时的浓度作为仪器的检出限, 以信噪比为10时的浓度为定量限, 分别为0.5 μg/kg和2.0 μg/kg。3种加标水平(0.5、2.0、20.0 μg/kg)下鱼肉中的11种苯并咪唑类药物回收率为78.4%~104.3%, 相对标准偏差为2.0%~8.8%, 虾中的11种苯并咪唑类药物回收率为73.3%~107.5%, 相对标准偏差为1.5%~8.7%。表2和表3的各项实验结果表明此方法的灵敏度和可重复性较好。
2.5 实际样品的检测
2023年6—12月采用本研究的方法对杭州市市场上购买的60批次不同品种的淡水鱼、淡水虾进行测定。结果显示: 鱼肉中阿苯达唑检出3批次, 其含量分别为3.6、5.1和7.2 μg/kg, 虾肉中阿苯达唑检出1批次, 含量为3.3 μg/kg; 鱼肉中甲苯达唑1批次, 含量为3.0 μg/kg。其余项目未检出。表明淡水鱼、淡水虾中确实存在非法添加苯并咪唑类药物的情况。
3 结论
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本研究建立了淡水鱼淡水虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物的UPLC-MS/MS检测分析方法。样品利用酸化乙腈重复提取两次, 经过混合强阳离子固相萃取柱净化, 再用Waters C18色谱柱分离, UPLC-MS/MS仪进行检测, 内标法定量。该方法能有效去除基质中的各类杂质, 相比于净化速度更快的prime HLB和EMR-Lipid两种固相萃取柱, MCX展现出良好的净化效果, 能去除绝大多数杂质, 防止假阳性风险, 并且重现性及回收率稳定, 适用于淡水鱼淡水虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物的同时测定。同时将该方法成功运用于实际样品的分析, 成功筛选出5份阳性样品, 研究结果表明本方法是一种可行的样品处理方法, 适用于淡水鱼淡水虾中11种苯并咪唑类药物的检测。
基金
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  • 浙江方圆检测集团股份有限公司科技项目(ZL202301)
文献
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2025年第16卷第5期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20240409002
  • 接收时间：2024-04-09
  • 首发时间：2025-07-19
  • 出版时间：2025-03-15
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  • 收稿日期：2024-04-09
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浙江方圆检测集团股份有限公司科技项目(ZL202301)
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    浙江方圆检测集团股份有限公司, 杭州 310018

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* 张水锋, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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