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Article(id=1151881505090924630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1151881493552394994, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250206005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1738771200000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752559551736, onlineDateStr=2025-07-15, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752559551736, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752559551736, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752559551736, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1151881493552394994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='324', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752559548986, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756202008453, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1167159075906265916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1151881493552394994, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1167159075906265917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1151881493552394994, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=272, endPage=277, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1151923891216724631, articleId=1151881505090924630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Comparison of 3 kinds of identification methods for Staphylococcus aureus in dried fruits, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To compare the similarities and differences in the identification results of Staphylococcus aureus in dried fruits analyzed by 3 experimental methods: Biochemical identification, mass spectrometer identification and molecular biological identification. Methods Staphylococcus aureus in dried fruits was isolated. The isolated typical strains were identified and compared through 3 approaches: Biochemistry (VITEK 2-Compact) mass spectrometer (VITEK MS), and molecular biology (real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction), the identification results of the 3 types of experiments were compared. Results All 3 identification methods could identify Staphylococcus aureus to the species level, but there were certain differences in efficiency and time required. Mass spectrometry yielded more accurate results with higher timeliness. Conclusion This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different identification methods, combines traditional methods with modern technologies. The enrichment and isolation in traditional detection methods provide a basis for subsequent identification. On this basis, advanced identification technologies with different principles are integrated to form a complete detection process. This combined mode can mutually verify the results, improve the detection accuracy, and provide new ideas for establishing a more reliable microbiological detection system for characteristic dried fruits.

, correspAuthors=Ma-Na-Ti-Bai BAHATIGULI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yuan HE, Jie YANG, Ba-Yin-Da HAINI, Fang FANG, Ma-Na-Ti-Bai BAHATIGULI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1151923906282663948, articleId=1151881505090924630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=干制水果中金黄色葡萄球菌3种鉴定方法的比较, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 比较生化鉴定、质谱仪鉴定、分子生物学鉴定3类实验方法鉴定干制水果中金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)结果的异同。方法 对干制水果中的金黄色葡萄球菌进行分离, 分离的典型菌株通过生物化学(VITEK 2-Compact)、质谱(VITEK MS)及分子生物学(实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应)3类方法进行鉴定, 并比较3类方法实验的鉴定结果。结果 3类鉴定方法对金黄色葡萄球菌均鉴定到种水平, 但在鉴定效率和时限有一定差异, 质谱鉴定的结果更准确, 且时效性更高。结论 本研究分析不同鉴定方法优缺点, 将传统微生物检测方法与现代技术联用, 在传统检测方式的增菌、分离为后续鉴定提供基础, 在此之上结合不同原理的先进鉴定技术, 形成一套完整的检测流程。这种联用模式可相互验证结果, 提高检测准确性, 为建立更可靠的特色干制水果微生物检测体系提供新思路。

, correspAuthors=巴哈提古丽·马那提拜, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 巴哈提古丽·马那提拜(1979—), 女, 博士, 高级兽医师, 主要研究方向为反刍动物消化道微生物、食品微生物及公共用品用具微生物的相关检测与研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=fRRmHmYULECtZsWRGCoM+A==, magXml=38qTgLgRFpQtKExGeWEScw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=2CA0ksJUr7U9iTdHzCPKzA==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=ngm+bx2U5XHjQfMFBqNRAA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

何媛(1987—), 女, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品微生物检验。E-mail:

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何媛(1987—), 女, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品微生物检验。E-mail:

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何媛(1987—), 女, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品微生物检验。E-mail:

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Reaction system of fluorescent quantitative PCR (25 μL)

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试剂 体积/μL
2X SGExcel FastSYBR Mixture 12.5
引物1 0.5
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DNA模板 1.0
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荧光定量PCR反应体系(25 μL)

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Reaction program of fluorescent quantitative PCR

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步骤 温度/℃ 时间 循环
预变性 95 3 min -
变性 95 5 s 35个循环
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溶解曲线分析 95 15 s -
60 1 min
95 15 s
60 15 s
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荧光定量PCR反应程序

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步骤 温度/℃ 时间 循环
预变性 95 3 min -
变性 95 5 s 35个循环
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溶解曲线分析 95 15 s -
60 1 min
95 15 s
60 15 s
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VITEK 2 identification results of samples

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样品名称 鉴定结果 相似率/%
葡萄干 金黄色葡萄球菌 91
无花果 金黄色葡萄球菌 94
红枣 金黄色葡萄球菌 91
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样品VITEK 2鉴定结果

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样品名称 鉴定结果 相似率/%
葡萄干 金黄色葡萄球菌 91
无花果 金黄色葡萄球菌 94
红枣 金黄色葡萄球菌 91
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VITEK MS identification results of samples

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样品名称 鉴定结果 相似率/%
葡萄干 金黄色葡萄球菌 99.9
无花果 金黄色葡萄球菌 99.9
红枣 金黄色葡萄球菌 99.9
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样品VITEK MS鉴定结果

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样品名称 鉴定结果 相似率/%
葡萄干 金黄色葡萄球菌 99.9
无花果 金黄色葡萄球菌 99.9
红枣 金黄色葡萄球菌 99.9
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干制水果中金黄色葡萄球菌3种鉴定方法的比较
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何媛 , 杨杰 , 海妮·巴音达 , 房芳 , 巴哈提古丽·马那提拜 *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(10): 272-277
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(10): 272-277
干制水果中金黄色葡萄球菌3种鉴定方法的比较
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何媛 , 杨杰, 海妮·巴音达, 房芳, 巴哈提古丽·马那提拜*
作者信息
  • 乌鲁木齐海关技术中心, 乌鲁木齐 830063

    • 何媛(1987—), 女, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品微生物检验。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 巴哈提古丽·马那提拜(1979—), 女, 博士, 高级兽医师, 主要研究方向为反刍动物消化道微生物、食品微生物及公共用品用具微生物的相关检测与研究。E-mail:
Comparison of 3 kinds of identification methods for Staphylococcus aureus in dried fruits
Yuan HE , Jie YANG, Ba-Yin-Da HAINI, Fang FANG, Ma-Na-Ti-Bai BAHATIGULI*
Affiliations
  • Technical Center of Urumqi Customs, Urumqi 830063, China
出版时间: 2025-05-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250206005
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摘要
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目的 比较生化鉴定、质谱仪鉴定、分子生物学鉴定3类实验方法鉴定干制水果中金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)结果的异同。方法 对干制水果中的金黄色葡萄球菌进行分离, 分离的典型菌株通过生物化学(VITEK 2-Compact)、质谱(VITEK MS)及分子生物学(实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应)3类方法进行鉴定, 并比较3类方法实验的鉴定结果。结果 3类鉴定方法对金黄色葡萄球菌均鉴定到种水平, 但在鉴定效率和时限有一定差异, 质谱鉴定的结果更准确, 且时效性更高。结论 本研究分析不同鉴定方法优缺点, 将传统微生物检测方法与现代技术联用, 在传统检测方式的增菌、分离为后续鉴定提供基础, 在此之上结合不同原理的先进鉴定技术, 形成一套完整的检测流程。这种联用模式可相互验证结果, 提高检测准确性, 为建立更可靠的特色干制水果微生物检测体系提供新思路。

特色干制水果  /  金黄色葡萄球菌  /  鉴定

Objective To compare the similarities and differences in the identification results of Staphylococcus aureus in dried fruits analyzed by 3 experimental methods: Biochemical identification, mass spectrometer identification and molecular biological identification. Methods Staphylococcus aureus in dried fruits was isolated. The isolated typical strains were identified and compared through 3 approaches: Biochemistry (VITEK 2-Compact) mass spectrometer (VITEK MS), and molecular biology (real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction), the identification results of the 3 types of experiments were compared. Results All 3 identification methods could identify Staphylococcus aureus to the species level, but there were certain differences in efficiency and time required. Mass spectrometry yielded more accurate results with higher timeliness. Conclusion This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different identification methods, combines traditional methods with modern technologies. The enrichment and isolation in traditional detection methods provide a basis for subsequent identification. On this basis, advanced identification technologies with different principles are integrated to form a complete detection process. This combined mode can mutually verify the results, improve the detection accuracy, and provide new ideas for establishing a more reliable microbiological detection system for characteristic dried fruits.

characteristic dried fruit  /  Staphylococcus aureus  /  identification
何媛, 杨杰, 海妮·巴音达, 房芳, 巴哈提古丽·马那提拜. 干制水果中金黄色葡萄球菌3种鉴定方法的比较. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (10) : 272 -277 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250206005
Yuan HE, Jie YANG, Ba-Yin-Da HAINI, Fang FANG, Ma-Na-Ti-Bai BAHATIGULI. Comparison of 3 kinds of identification methods for Staphylococcus aureus in dried fruits[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (10) : 272 -277 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250206005
正文
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0 引言
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食品安全问题受到世界各国的广泛关注, 由病原体引起的食源性疾病引起了科学研究和食品工业的高度关注。金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)是食源性致病菌之一, 它在自然界分布广泛, 是革兰氏阳性菌的典型代表, 非鞭毛、非孢子形成, 过氧化氢酶和凝固酶阳性。金黄色葡萄球菌不仅能导致皮肤感染, 还可通过产生毒素来诱发食物中毒, 主要症状包括呕吐、腹泻和腹部绞痛, 严重时还会出现头痛、肌肉痉挛甚至休克等[1-3]。因而, 采用准确、高效的金黄色葡萄球菌检测方法, 是预防食源性金黄色葡萄球菌及食品安全质量控制的关键[4-5]。
近年来, 微生物的检测鉴定技术已逐步由手工检测走向仪器化和电脑化, 并力求简便、快速、准确[6]。VITEK 2对细菌的鉴定是以每种细菌的微量生化反应为基础, 通过不同种类的鉴试卡, 操作流程包括制备菌悬液、装载试剂卡、进行测定并打印结果。王原等[7]评价VITEK-2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定仪对葡萄球菌的鉴定的能力, 结果显示对金黄色葡萄球菌的鉴定率较高, 但是在鉴定凝固酶阴性时有一定的局限性, 需要其他方法予以补充。王娟等[8]应用VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物测定仪对药品中金黄色葡萄球菌的鉴定比传统方法更加快捷和准确。VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物分析系统的应用已在一些国家被官方检验机构认可, 国内很多地区实验室都用此仪器作为细菌鉴定的判断依据[9-10]。
VITEK MS借助基质和激光之间的反应电离样品, 在电场的作用下离子加速测定它们到达检测器的时间-飞行时间, 传送谱图并将其与数据库进行比对。杜强等[11]采用VITEK MS对细菌性食物中毒的检测简单快速, 得出结论对单个纯菌落进行菌种鉴定具有很高的准确率。VITEK MS对细菌性食物中毒样品的快速检测方法和效果, 能提高致病菌检测效率而得到广泛应用[12-14]。
实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)技术是近年来广泛应用于食源性致病菌的快速检测方法, 具有特异性强, 灵敏度高等特点[15-17]。李苗云等[18]以金黄色葡萄球菌的耐热核酸酶基因nuc为靶基因, 设计并筛选引物, 建立并优化金黄色葡萄球菌的荧光定量PCR检测方法, 得出荧光定量PCR比传统细菌检测方法更特异、快速、灵敏。
本研究旨在探索特色干制水果中金黄色葡萄球菌的有效检测方法。首先, 运用传统检测方式对特色干制水果中的金黄色葡萄球菌展开增菌、分离。与此同时, 为了对分离得到的典型菌株进行快速准确鉴定, 采取多种先进的检测手段VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定系统、质谱VITEK MS以及实时荧光定量PCR方法, 对不同鉴定方法的优缺点展开深入分析。传统方法与现代技术联用, 传统检测方式的增菌、分离为后续鉴定提供基础, 在此之上结合不同原理的先进鉴定技术, 形成一套完整的检测流程。这种联用模式可相互验证结果, 提高检测准确性, 为建立更可靠的特色干制水果微生物检测体系提供新思路。
1 材料与方法
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1.1 材料与仪器
葡萄干、无花果干、红枣均购自华凌干果批发市场。
MS16001LE天平(精度0.01 g, 美国梅特勒公司); MAHFIA拍击式均质器(法国生物梅里埃AES公司); DZKW水浴锅(北京市永光明医疗仪器有限公司); Nu-437-400E生物安全柜(美国纽埃尔股份有限公司); HPP260培养箱(德国美墨尔特公司); CLG-32L高压灭菌锅(日本艾尔普公司); Nikon 100显微镜(日本尼康公司); VITEK 2 Compact、VITEK MS[梅里埃诊断产品(上海)有限公司]; 7500Real-Time PCR系统(美国应用生物系统公司)。
1.2 培养基及试剂
7.5% NaCl肉汤、Baird-Parker (BP)平板、血琼脂平板、血浆凝固酶试剂、营养琼脂平板、BHI培养基(北京陆桥技术有限责任公司); GD302+细菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒[天根生化科技(北京)有限公司]; 2X TaqMan Fast qPCR预混液[生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司]; VITEK 2 Compact鉴定所用的革兰氏阳性细菌鉴定卡、VITEK MS所用CHCA基质(恒瑞达科技有限责任公司)。
1.3 实验方法
1.3.1 增菌、分离
干果样品的前处理过程在洁净实验室进行, 用75%的酒精棉球擦拭外包装, 开启后, 剪碎样品称取25 g立即加入225 mL 7.5% NaCl肉汤中, 混合均质1~2 min, 样品匀液于36 ℃±1 ℃增菌培养24 h。将增菌后的培养物分别采用划线法接种至BP平板与血琼脂平板。其中, 血琼脂平板在温度为36 ℃±1 ℃的环境下倒置培养, 培养时为18 h至24 h; BP平板同样在36 ℃±1 ℃的条件下倒置培养, 培养时间为24 h至48 h。
1.3.2 鉴定
(1)生化鉴定
将典型菌落划线接种至营养琼脂, 36 ℃倒置培养24 h, 挑取菌落进行革兰氏染色, 镜检后革兰氏阳性球菌的菌落, 开展血浆凝固酶测试。同时用VITEK 2 Compact对营养琼脂上纯化后的菌落进行上机鉴定。
(2) VITEK MS鉴定
挑取疑似的菌落划线接种营养琼脂进行纯培养, 于36 ℃培养24 h。取纯化后的单菌落点涂于靶板上, 进行上机VITEK MS鉴定。
(3)荧光定量PCR法
取待测样品用细菌DNA提取试剂盒制备DNA模板, 取1 μL作为荧光定量PCR检测模板。与此同时, 取金黄色葡萄球菌标准菌株(ATCC 6538)作阳性对照。引物设计[19-20]: 以耐热核酸酶基因nuc为靶基因设计特异性引物, 引物由北京鼎国生物科技有限公司合成, 其序列为: nuc F为5'-GGGATGGCTATCAGTAA-3'; nuc R为5'-TGAAT CAG CGTTGTCTT-3'。荧光定量PCR反应体系见表1, 反应程序见表2。
1.4 数据处理
实验数据采用Microsoft Excel 2016对结果进行统计分析。
2 结果与分析
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2.1 菌落形态
在BP琼脂平板上, 金黄色葡萄球菌所形成的菌落呈圆形, 颜色为黑色, 并且菌落周围环绕着一圈透明环。而在血琼脂平板上, 金黄色葡萄球菌的菌落表现为金黄色, 形态大且向外突起, 呈规则的圆形, 不透明, 其表面十分光滑, 菌落周围还存在明显的溶血圈(图1)。
2.2 鉴定结果
2.2.1 生化鉴定结果
从血平板上挑取典型菌落, 对其进行革兰氏染色。随后通过显微镜镜检, 其呈现革兰氏阳性球菌特征, 观察到在视野中排列成葡萄球状, 且菌体无芽孢, 也无荚膜, 如图2所示。本研究运用试管法来开展血浆凝固酶实验。从BP平板和血平板上挑取典型的菌落, 将其接种至BHI培养基中, 在36 ℃的环境下培养24 h。随后, 取出0.5 mL培养后的菌液, 加入到已用0.5 mL生理盐水完全溶解的血浆里, 充分搅拌均匀。将混合液置于36 ℃的环境中继续培养24 h, 培养期间每隔30 min观察一次。在培养到1.5 h的时候, 样品开始呈现出初步的凝固迹象; 随着培养时间的推进, 6 h时, 凝固现象逐渐变得明显; 当培养时长达到24 h后, 样品已完全凝固。根据上述现象, 可判定结果为阳性。
VITEK 2 Compact上机鉴定, 鉴定报告中显示特性生化反应, 样品与金黄色葡萄球菌相似性如表3所示。
2.2.2 质谱仪VITEK MS鉴定结果
挑取典型菌落后, 将其接种至营养琼脂上进行培养纯化。完成纯化后, 对样本进行进样上机检测。首先, 利用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight, MALDI-TOF)技术获取图谱, 随后, 将所得图谱与VITEK MS数据库中不同微生物家族的种/属特定图谱进行比对, 以此得出鉴定结果。经鉴定, 样品菌落为金黄色葡萄球菌, 相似性高达99.9%, 见表4所示。
2.2.3 分子生物学鉴定结果
采用染料法对样品及金黄色葡萄球菌标准菌株进行实时荧光定量PCR扩增。扩增曲线依次A为标准菌株、B为样品葡萄干、C为无花果、D为红枣、E、F为阴性对照和空白对照(图3)。溶解曲线结果显示样品及标准菌株均出现单一峰图, 表明PCR扩增产物的特异性(图4)。根据上述结果可知, 样品中均检测出金黄色葡萄球菌。
3 讨论与结论
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传统微生物检测方法、VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定系统、VITEK MS质谱鉴定系统和实时荧光定量PCR方法均能准确检出金黄色葡萄球菌。传统的检测微生物检测方法检测周期长, 检测过程也较为烦琐[21], 相较于其他方法具有操作简单、不需要专用设备等优点。但很难回避病原菌富集分离过程, 延长了检测时间, 不能满足干果制品中金黄色葡萄球菌的快速检测需求。
全自动细菌鉴定系统以微生物的特征性生化反应作为鉴定依据, 操作流程包括制备菌悬液、装载试剂卡、进行测定并打印结果。系统通过自动化操作, 从配制菌悬液到读数的所有步骤均由优化的工作流程完成, 减少了人为错误的风险。鉴定结果通常在5~8 h内提供, 具有追溯能力, 确保全程溯源[22-23]。在检验过程中, 微生物的纯度、浓度、传代次数及培养时间和培养基类型等因素对检验结果影响较大[24]。实验员对菌落形态、颜色、溶血性的观察, 革兰染色细菌形态和染色性的观察, 上机前或后需要加作补充实验等, 将有助于提高该系统的准确率。
全自动微生物质谱鉴定系统VITEK MS采用MALD-TOF技术所得的谱图与数据库内的标准图谱进行对比, 实现对微生物种类的鉴定。检测耗时最短、灵敏度高、特异性好, 可快速准确鉴别金黄色葡萄球菌[25-26]。仪器在数分钟内完成鉴定, 大大缩短了鉴定时间; 简单的操作流程, 无需进行革兰氏染色及显微镜观察, 减少了操作复杂度; 数据库包含大量微生物数据, 提高了鉴定的准确率[27-28]。每次运行可鉴定多达192个菌株, 适合大规模样本的鉴定需求。然而, 质谱鉴定设备颇为高昂, 致使多数普通实验室难以承受。
染料法荧光定量PCR操作简单, 可对任何双链DNA进行定量; 不需要探针, 因此减少了实验设计及运转成本; 适合于大量基因的分析; 简单易用, 能对样品中的金黄色葡萄球菌进行快速检测[29-30]。这一方法改进了常规的反应法, 能够对致病菌的情况进行动态且定量的检测。该方法具有特异性强、假阳性低; 灵敏度高、准确性高; 操作简单、交叉污染机会少等优点, 被广泛应用于食源性致病菌的检测[31-33]。由于直接从干果提取出来的基因组DNA质量不高, 可能影响后续的PCR扩增结果, 因此在本研究中, 首先对干果中的金黄色葡萄球菌进行增菌, 再提取增菌液中细菌基因组DNA, 保证细菌DNA模板的质量, 同时避免干果中金黄色葡萄球菌含量极低而出现假阴性。
各类检测方法均具备独特优势, 若将它们结合运用, 不仅能显著提升检测结果的特异性、灵敏度以及抗外界干扰能力, 还能进一步缩短检测所需时间。在实际操作时, 需充分考量各类检测需求以及实际具备的条件, 进而挑选出契合的检测方法。这一结果也显示在进行微生物检测时需要谨慎操作, 确保结果的准确性。不同的检测方法可能受到多种因素的影响, 如样本的处理方式、试剂的质量、操作人员的技能水平等。聚焦特色干制水果这一特定样本, 不同食品基质特性不同, 对检测方法的影响有差异。因此, 检测分析过程中, 必须严格遵循既定操作规程, 同时强化质量把控与结果核验, 以此保障检测结果精准无误、真实可信。
基金
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  • 新疆少数民族科技人才特殊培养计划科研项目(2023D03002)
文献
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2025年第16卷第10期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250206005
  • 接收时间：2025-02-06
  • 首发时间：2025-07-15
  • 出版时间：2025-05-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-02-06
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新疆少数民族科技人才特殊培养计划科研项目(2023D03002)
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    乌鲁木齐海关技术中心, 乌鲁木齐 830063

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* 巴哈提古丽·马那提拜(1979—), 女, 博士, 高级兽医师, 主要研究方向为反刍动物消化道微生物、食品微生物及公共用品用具微生物的相关检测与研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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