Article(id=1151881503782301728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1151881493552394994, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241120005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732032000000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752559551425, onlineDateStr=2025-07-15, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752559551425, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752559551425, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752559551425, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1151881493552394994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='324', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752559548986, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756202008453, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1167159075906265916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1151881493552394994, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1167159075906265917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1151881493552394994, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=309, endPage=317, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1151923897517044460, articleId=1151881503782301728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Evaluation on the nutritional value of amino acids in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. from different sources in Yunnan Province, columnId=1151923894560060071, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Nutrition and Functional Foods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To evaluate the nutritional value of amino acid content in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. from different sources in Yunnan Province. Methods The amino acid analyzer method was used to determine the amino acid content of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt., and the amino acid nutritional value was evaluated by multivariate statistical analysis methods. Results The total amino acid (TAA) content in 29 samples ranged from 42.00 to 125.40 mg/g; the essential amino acid (EAA) content ranged from 16.80 to 44.60 mg/g; the content of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and arginine were the most abundant, which were 11.18, 9.97, 6.91 and 5.52 mg/g respectively and could be used as the characteristic amino acids of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.. The content of cystine (0.92 mg/g) and methionine (1.10 mg/g) were the first and second limiting amino acids respectively. According to the amino acid pattern spectrum standards of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), the nutritional value of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. cultivated in greenhouse substrates in Lianghe Area [EAA/non-essential amino acid (NEAA) was 62.69%-77.21%; EAA/TAA was 38.63%-43.55%] and wild varieties (EAA/NEAA was 61.59%-65.43%; EAA/TAA was 38.12%-39.56%) were the highest and more in line with human needs. According to the comprehensive score ranking in the quality evaluation model, the values of the samples from Mangshi M10, M1, M7 and Longling L4, L5 were higher. Two principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution degree was 83.852%, and a quality evaluation model of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. was established. Cluster analysis was carried out with amino acids and comprehensive scores as variables respectively, and all samples could be divided into 3 major categories. Conclusion The amino acids of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. is rich in nutrients, and the amino acid content of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. from different sources varies. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the development and utilization of the nutritional value of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.. At the same time, it is recommended to pay attention to the origin and cultivation methods of Dendrobium to enhance its market value.

, correspAuthors=Yu-Qin CHEN, Wen-Liang CAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yu QIAO, Qing-Cong LI, Yan-Huang FENG, Ze-Sheng LI, Yong-Liang HU, Yu-Qin CHEN, Wen-Liang CAI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1151923912025141595, articleId=1151881503782301728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=云南不同来源齿瓣石斛中氨基酸营养价值评价, columnId=1151923894698472105, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品营养及功能性食品, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 评价云南不同来源齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量的营养价值。方法 采用氨基酸分析仪法测定齿瓣石斛的氨基酸含量, 通过多元统计分析方法评价其氨基酸营养价值。结果 29个石斛样品氨基酸总量(total amino acid, TAA)在42.00~125.40 mg/g之间; 必需氨基酸(essential amino acid, EAA)含量在16.80~44.60 mg/g之间; 天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、亮氨酸和精氨酸含量最为丰富, 分别为11.18、9.97、6.91和5.52 mg/g, 可作为齿瓣石斛的特征性氨基酸, 胱氨酸(0.92 mg/g)和蛋氨酸(1.10 mg/g)分别是第一和第二限制性氨基酸; 根据联合国粮食及农业组织和世界卫生组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization, FAO/WHO)氨基酸模式谱标准, 梁河地区大棚基质栽培的齿瓣石斛[EAA/非必需氨基酸(non-essential amino acid, NEAA)为62.69%~77.21%; EAA/TAA为38.63%~43.55%]和野生品种(EAA/NEAA为61.59%~65.43%; EAA/TAA为38.12%~39.56%)的营养价值最高, 更符合人体需求; 根据品质评价模型的综合得分排名, 来源于芒市M10、M1、M7和龙陵L4、L5的样品价值较高。通过主成分分析提取到的两个主成分, 累计贡献度为83.852%, 建立了齿瓣石斛品质评价模型。以氨基酸和综合得分为变量进行聚类分析, 可将所有样品分为3大类。结论 齿瓣石斛的氨基酸营养丰富, 且不同来源的齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量有差异。该研究为齿瓣石斛的营养价值开发和利用提供了理论依据, 同时, 建议关注石斛的来源与栽培方式以提升市场价值。

, correspAuthors=陈玉芹, 蔡文良, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 陈玉芹(1987—), 女, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与营养品质评价。E-mail:
蔡文良(1987—), 男, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为经济林栽培研究。E-mail:
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乔禹(1991—), 女, 硕士, 研究实习员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全。E-mail:

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乔禹(1991—), 女, 硕士, 研究实习员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全。E-mail:

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Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 1988(2): 187-190., articleTitle=Nutritional evaluation of protein—ratio coefficient of amino acid, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1167158673601209027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=8, pageStart=2665, pageEnd=2671, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=52, authorNames=黄彪, 刘文静, 李巍, journalName=食品安全质量检测学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄彪, 刘文静, 李巍, 等. 不同人工栽培模式下铁皮石斛活性成分及抗氧化活性比较[J]. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2022, 13(8): 2665-2671., articleTitle=不同人工栽培模式下铁皮石斛活性成分及抗氧化活性比较, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1167158673643152068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=8, pageStart=2665, pageEnd=2671, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=53, authorNames=HUANG B, LIU WJ, LI W, journalName=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG B, LIU WJ, LI W, et al. Comparative analysis of active constituents and antioxidant activities of Dendrobium officinale in different artificial cultivation models[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2022, 13(8): 2665-2671., articleTitle=Comparative analysis of active constituents and antioxidant activities of Dendrobium officinale in different artificial cultivation models, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1167158669981524618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, awardId=2023RC005, language=CN, fundingSource=英才兴边计划德宏州技术创新人才项目(2023RC005), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1167158670044439180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, awardId=202205AD160041, language=CN, fundingSource=科技人才与平台计划项目(202205AD160041), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1167158664818336227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1167158664826724836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, companyId=1167158664818336227, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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Dehong Research Institute of Forestry, Ruili 678600, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1167158664931582442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, companyId=1167158664906416615, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.德宏州林业科学研究所, 瑞丽 678600)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1167158667884372564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Matrix of correlation on amino acids in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt., figureFileSmall=m9QHhXgB52LiOeZnZyOwjg==, figureFileBig=jrFkLdcgSc8dPdHge2vx/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167158667938898520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=图1, caption=齿瓣石斛中各氨基酸指标的相关性矩阵, figureFileSmall=m9QHhXgB52LiOeZnZyOwjg==, figureFileBig=jrFkLdcgSc8dPdHge2vx/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167158668110864989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Principal component analysis chart of amino acids in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt., figureFileSmall=md94ekbubWqD3weDF2cG2w==, figureFileBig=aGl4yjHI21vUkyip1wdD3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167158668194751070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=图2, caption=齿瓣石斛氨基酸主成分分析图, figureFileSmall=md94ekbubWqD3weDF2cG2w==, figureFileBig=aGl4yjHI21vUkyip1wdD3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167158668295414368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Clustering analysis with amino acids as variables, figureFileSmall=buDwUWVWCyoPKUwaUzJkpg==, figureFileBig=/gh0fw9H0S3jrD6Q6DOl2Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167158668375106148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=图3, caption=以氨基酸为变量聚类, figureFileSmall=buDwUWVWCyoPKUwaUzJkpg==, figureFileBig=/gh0fw9H0S3jrD6Q6DOl2Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167158668450603624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Clustering analysis with comprehensive score as variables, figureFileSmall=oL0nCFPLOoJ+GBiOleINpg==, figureFileBig=EYpbE3oqhJZwkg8+v2ayrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167158668526101099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=图4, caption=以综合得分为变量聚类, figureFileSmall=oL0nCFPLOoJ+GBiOleINpg==, figureFileBig=EYpbE3oqhJZwkg8+v2ayrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167158668647735917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Sample basic information

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编号 生长
年限
采样
地点
种植
模式
编号 生长
年限
采样
地点
种植
模式
L1 4 龙陵 大棚基质 H3 4 梁河河西孟连 大棚基质
M1 4 芒市 大棚基质 M9 3 芒市 大棚基质
H1 5 梁河河西孟连 大棚基质 M10 3 芒市 大棚基质
H2 5 梁河河西孟连 大棚基质 R4 3 瑞丽勐秀小街 杉木附生
M2 2 芒市 大棚基质 R3 3 瑞丽勐秀小街 杉木附生
L2 4 龙陵 大棚基质 L4 1 龙陵象达 杉木附生
M3 5 芒市 大棚基质 L5 4 龙陵河头 杉木附生
L3 2 龙陵龙山 大棚基质 L6 4 龙陵河头 杉木附生
M4 4 芒市 大棚基质 R2 4 瑞丽勐秀小街 杉木附生
M5 3 芒市 大棚基质 R1 2 瑞丽勐秀小街 杉木附生
M6 3 芒市 大棚基质 Y1 2 瑞丽市 野生
M7 3 芒市 大棚基质 Y2 2 瑞丽市 野生
M8 4 芒市 大棚基质 Y3 1 瑞丽市 野生
L7 1 龙陵 大棚基质 Y4 3 瑞丽市 野生
L8 2 龙陵 大棚基质
), ArticleFig(id=1167158668719039087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

样品基本信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 生长
年限
采样
地点
种植
模式
编号 生长
年限
采样
地点
种植
模式
L1 4 龙陵 大棚基质 H3 4 梁河河西孟连 大棚基质
M1 4 芒市 大棚基质 M9 3 芒市 大棚基质
H1 5 梁河河西孟连 大棚基质 M10 3 芒市 大棚基质
H2 5 梁河河西孟连 大棚基质 R4 3 瑞丽勐秀小街 杉木附生
M2 2 芒市 大棚基质 R3 3 瑞丽勐秀小街 杉木附生
L2 4 龙陵 大棚基质 L4 1 龙陵象达 杉木附生
M3 5 芒市 大棚基质 L5 4 龙陵河头 杉木附生
L3 2 龙陵龙山 大棚基质 L6 4 龙陵河头 杉木附生
M4 4 芒市 大棚基质 R2 4 瑞丽勐秀小街 杉木附生
M5 3 芒市 大棚基质 R1 2 瑞丽勐秀小街 杉木附生
M6 3 芒市 大棚基质 Y1 2 瑞丽市 野生
M7 3 芒市 大棚基质 Y2 2 瑞丽市 野生
M8 4 芒市 大棚基质 Y3 1 瑞丽市 野生
L7 1 龙陵 大棚基质 Y4 3 瑞丽市 野生
L8 2 龙陵 大棚基质
), ArticleFig(id=1167158668807119473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Separation process

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运行
时间
分离柱
温度
运行
缓冲液
流速/(mL/h) 茚三酮泵状态 反应圈
状态
命令
01:00 48 1 35.0 ON OFF
00:00 48 1 35.0 ON OFF Reset
01:00 48 1 35.0 ON OFF Load
06:40 48 1 35.0 ON ON
13:00 52 2 35.0 ON ON
01:00 52 5 35.0 ON ON
16:00 95 5 35.0 ON ON
04:00 95 6 35.0 ON ON
04:00 95 1 35.0 ON ON
9:00 48 1 43.0 OFF OFF
02:00 48 1 35.0 ON OFF
), ArticleFig(id=1167158668899394163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

分离程序

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
运行
时间
分离柱
温度
运行
缓冲液
流速/(mL/h) 茚三酮泵状态 反应圈
状态
命令
01:00 48 1 35.0 ON OFF
00:00 48 1 35.0 ON OFF Reset
01:00 48 1 35.0 ON OFF Load
06:40 48 1 35.0 ON ON
13:00 52 2 35.0 ON ON
01:00 52 5 35.0 ON ON
16:00 95 5 35.0 ON ON
04:00 95 6 35.0 ON ON
04:00 95 1 35.0 ON ON
9:00 48 1 43.0 OFF OFF
02:00 48 1 35.0 ON OFF
), ArticleFig(id=1167158668991668853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Amino acid content in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. (mg/g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 编号
L1 M1 H1 H2 M2 L2 M3 L3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 L7 L8 H3 M9 M10 R4 R3 L4 L5 L6 R2 R1 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4
天冬氨酸(Asp) 5.3 20.7 5.1 6.4 17.2 8.2 11.2 7.85 13.1 6.79 16 15.6 14 8.9 8.9 7.2 10.6 19.9 12.4 10.8 20.6 17.73 7.5 12.5 12.5 7 7.1 6.7 6.4
苏氨酸(Thr) 2.3 5.3 2 2.6 5.1 3.1 4.4 3.45 4.9 2.67 4.9 5.8 4.8 3.5 3.9 2.8 3.8 5.9 4.9 4.2 6.6 4.6 3.1 4.3 4 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.9
丝氨酸(Ser) 2.4 4.9 2.1 2.4 4.6 2.8 4.4 3.12 4.5 2.83 5 5 4.8 3.5 3.5 2.7 3.6 5.1 4.9 4.2 6.3 4.05 3.1 4.2 3.9 3 2.5 2.7 3.1
谷氨酸(Glu) 5.9 13.5 5.2 6.1 13.2 7.5 10.8 7.62 11.6 7.98 13.7 13.3 13.5 8.8 8.5 6.9 9.7 16.2 11.3 10.7 15.4 16.03 7.3 10.7 10 7.2 6.6 6.9 7
脯氨酸(Pro) 2.2 4.3 2 2.1 4 2.6 4.3 2.21 3.5 3.91 3.2 4.4 5.4 3.2 5.7 2.9 4.2 5 4.3 5.4 5 3.57 2.4 3.6 3.5 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.9
甘氨酸(Gly) 2.5 5.3 1.9 2.6 5.2 3.1 4.3 3.19 4.5 2.57 5.2 5.8 5 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.8 6 4.7 4.1 5.9 4.73 2.9 4.5 4.1 3.1 2.7 2.5 3.1
丙氨酸(Ala) 2.8 5.5 2.3 2.7 5.2 3.1 4.6 4.08 4.6 2.9 5.4 5.5 5.3 4 3.6 3.5 3.9 6 4.9 4.3 6.6 5.2 3.1 4.6 4.4 3.4 2.9 2.9 3.5
胱氨酸(Cys) 0.6 0.7 1 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.77 1 1.56 1.1 1 1 1 0.8 0.7 0.8 1 0.9 0.9 2 0.86 1.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7
缬氨酸(Val) 2.6 5.3 3 2.6 4.7 3 4.2 2.91 4.7 3.1 5.2 4.9 4.9 3.7 3.4 3 3.6 5.5 4.5 3.8 6.6 4.51 3.2 4.2 4.4 3.1 2.6 2.8 3.4
蛋氨酸(Met) 0.9 2 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0.79 2.3 1.47 1.9 0.9 0.9 1.4 0.8 0.9 0.9 1 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.97 1.2 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.1 1.4
异亮氨酸(Ile) 2.5 5.2 2.2 6 4.9 3 4.7 3.04 4.8 3.04 5.6 5.1 5 3.9 3.4 2.9 3.8 5.8 4.5 4 5.7 4.46 3.3 4.2 4.1 3.3 2.5 3.1 3
亮氨酸(Leu) 4 10.4 3.4 4.8 10.2 5.7 8.2 5.5 9.5 5.07 9.9 10.7 9.4 6.4 6.4 5.3 7.3 12 8.5 0.8 11.1 8.34 2.8 8 7.2 4.9 4.7 4.8 5.1
酪氨酸(Tyr) 2.7 5 2 2.3 4 2.9 4.2 2.9 4.1 2.21 5.1 4.6 4.5 2.8 2.8 2.4 3.3 4.9 4.7 3.8 4.7 5.08 2.8 3.8 3.7 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.8
苯丙氨酸(Phe) 3 6 2.5 2.9 5.5 3.5 5.2 3.6 5.1 2.97 5.9 5.9 5.5 4 4 3.4 4.3 6.6 5.5 4.2 5.3 5.33 3.4 4.8 4.4 3.4 3.3 2.8 3.6
组氨酸(His) 1.3 2.8 1.2 1.4 2.7 1.6 2.3 2.22 2.3 1.36 2.8 2.7 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.7 2 3.2 2.3 0 3.4 2.87 1.7 2.2 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.7
赖氨酸(Lys) 2.7 6.6 2.6 3.1 6.5 3.6 5.3 4.28 5.5 2.82 6.5 6.4 5.9 4 3.9 3.7 4.5 7.8 5.6 6.2 8 5.82 3.6 5.3 4.5 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.6
精氨酸(Arg) 2.6 9.6 2.4 2.3 7.6 3.7 6.7 3.89 6.3 2.73 7.7 7.7 7.1 4.1 4.1 3 4.7 13.5 5.8 7.7 8.9 9.67 3.8 5.6 5.4 3.8 3.2 2.9 3.6
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669096526455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量(mg/g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 编号
L1 M1 H1 H2 M2 L2 M3 L3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 L7 L8 H3 M9 M10 R4 R3 L4 L5 L6 R2 R1 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4
天冬氨酸(Asp) 5.3 20.7 5.1 6.4 17.2 8.2 11.2 7.85 13.1 6.79 16 15.6 14 8.9 8.9 7.2 10.6 19.9 12.4 10.8 20.6 17.73 7.5 12.5 12.5 7 7.1 6.7 6.4
苏氨酸(Thr) 2.3 5.3 2 2.6 5.1 3.1 4.4 3.45 4.9 2.67 4.9 5.8 4.8 3.5 3.9 2.8 3.8 5.9 4.9 4.2 6.6 4.6 3.1 4.3 4 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.9
丝氨酸(Ser) 2.4 4.9 2.1 2.4 4.6 2.8 4.4 3.12 4.5 2.83 5 5 4.8 3.5 3.5 2.7 3.6 5.1 4.9 4.2 6.3 4.05 3.1 4.2 3.9 3 2.5 2.7 3.1
谷氨酸(Glu) 5.9 13.5 5.2 6.1 13.2 7.5 10.8 7.62 11.6 7.98 13.7 13.3 13.5 8.8 8.5 6.9 9.7 16.2 11.3 10.7 15.4 16.03 7.3 10.7 10 7.2 6.6 6.9 7
脯氨酸(Pro) 2.2 4.3 2 2.1 4 2.6 4.3 2.21 3.5 3.91 3.2 4.4 5.4 3.2 5.7 2.9 4.2 5 4.3 5.4 5 3.57 2.4 3.6 3.5 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.9
甘氨酸(Gly) 2.5 5.3 1.9 2.6 5.2 3.1 4.3 3.19 4.5 2.57 5.2 5.8 5 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.8 6 4.7 4.1 5.9 4.73 2.9 4.5 4.1 3.1 2.7 2.5 3.1
丙氨酸(Ala) 2.8 5.5 2.3 2.7 5.2 3.1 4.6 4.08 4.6 2.9 5.4 5.5 5.3 4 3.6 3.5 3.9 6 4.9 4.3 6.6 5.2 3.1 4.6 4.4 3.4 2.9 2.9 3.5
胱氨酸(Cys) 0.6 0.7 1 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.77 1 1.56 1.1 1 1 1 0.8 0.7 0.8 1 0.9 0.9 2 0.86 1.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7
缬氨酸(Val) 2.6 5.3 3 2.6 4.7 3 4.2 2.91 4.7 3.1 5.2 4.9 4.9 3.7 3.4 3 3.6 5.5 4.5 3.8 6.6 4.51 3.2 4.2 4.4 3.1 2.6 2.8 3.4
蛋氨酸(Met) 0.9 2 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0.79 2.3 1.47 1.9 0.9 0.9 1.4 0.8 0.9 0.9 1 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.97 1.2 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.1 1.4
异亮氨酸(Ile) 2.5 5.2 2.2 6 4.9 3 4.7 3.04 4.8 3.04 5.6 5.1 5 3.9 3.4 2.9 3.8 5.8 4.5 4 5.7 4.46 3.3 4.2 4.1 3.3 2.5 3.1 3
亮氨酸(Leu) 4 10.4 3.4 4.8 10.2 5.7 8.2 5.5 9.5 5.07 9.9 10.7 9.4 6.4 6.4 5.3 7.3 12 8.5 0.8 11.1 8.34 2.8 8 7.2 4.9 4.7 4.8 5.1
酪氨酸(Tyr) 2.7 5 2 2.3 4 2.9 4.2 2.9 4.1 2.21 5.1 4.6 4.5 2.8 2.8 2.4 3.3 4.9 4.7 3.8 4.7 5.08 2.8 3.8 3.7 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.8
苯丙氨酸(Phe) 3 6 2.5 2.9 5.5 3.5 5.2 3.6 5.1 2.97 5.9 5.9 5.5 4 4 3.4 4.3 6.6 5.5 4.2 5.3 5.33 3.4 4.8 4.4 3.4 3.3 2.8 3.6
组氨酸(His) 1.3 2.8 1.2 1.4 2.7 1.6 2.3 2.22 2.3 1.36 2.8 2.7 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.7 2 3.2 2.3 0 3.4 2.87 1.7 2.2 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.7
赖氨酸(Lys) 2.7 6.6 2.6 3.1 6.5 3.6 5.3 4.28 5.5 2.82 6.5 6.4 5.9 4 3.9 3.7 4.5 7.8 5.6 6.2 8 5.82 3.6 5.3 4.5 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.6
精氨酸(Arg) 2.6 9.6 2.4 2.3 7.6 3.7 6.7 3.89 6.3 2.73 7.7 7.7 7.1 4.1 4.1 3 4.7 13.5 5.8 7.7 8.9 9.67 3.8 5.6 5.4 3.8 3.2 2.9 3.6
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669205578361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Descriptive statistics of amino acid content in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 最小值 最大值 平均值 标准差 方差 变异系数/% 偏度 峰度
Asp 5.10 20.70 11.18 4.80 23.03 42.93 0.67 -0.71
Thr 2.00 6.60 3.94 1.20 1.44 30.45 0.36 -0.71
Ser 2.10 6.30 3.77 1.06 1.12 28.06 0.35 -0.62
Glu 5.20 16.20 9.97 3.27 10.67 32.77 0.45 -0.99
Pro 2.00 5.70 3.58 1.08 1.17 30.16 0.35 -0.89
Gly 1.90 6.00 3.91 1.17 1.36 29.82 0.24 -1.08
Ala 2.30 6.60 4.16 1.13 1.27 27.02 0.26 -0.84
Cys 0.60 2.00 0.92 0.31 0.10 33.85 2.09 4.78
Val 2.60 6.60 3.91 1.04 1.07 26.48 0.64 -0.16
Met 0.70 2.30 1.10 0.38 0.15 34.85 1.86 3.10
Ile 2.20 6.00 4.04 1.10 1.21 27.20 0.17 -1.12
Leu 0.80 12.00 6.91 2.78 7.73 40.23 -0.03 -0.65
Tyr 2.00 5.10 3.52 1.00 1.00 28.38 0.24 -1.43
Phe 2.50 6.60 4.34 1.16 1.34 26.65 0.21 -1.22
His 0.00 3.40 2.00 0.72 0.51 35.82 -0.32 0.90
Lys 2.60 8.00 4.75 1.56 2.45 32.94 0.41 -0.88
Arg 2.30 13.50 5.52 2.72 7.41 49.31 1.03 0.98
TAA 42.00 125.40 77.52 24.34 592.48 31.40 0.43 -1.02
EAA 16.80 44.60 28.85 8.22 67.50 28.47 0.42 -1.05
NEAA 25.20 80.80 48.67 16.33 266.55 33.55 0.44 -1.00
药效氨基酸 24.00 75.30 46.21 15.18 230.38 32.85 0.44 -1.11
鲜味氨基酸 10.30 36.10 21.15 7.99 63.91 37.79 0.54 -0.96
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669314630267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量的描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 最小值 最大值 平均值 标准差 方差 变异系数/% 偏度 峰度
Asp 5.10 20.70 11.18 4.80 23.03 42.93 0.67 -0.71
Thr 2.00 6.60 3.94 1.20 1.44 30.45 0.36 -0.71
Ser 2.10 6.30 3.77 1.06 1.12 28.06 0.35 -0.62
Glu 5.20 16.20 9.97 3.27 10.67 32.77 0.45 -0.99
Pro 2.00 5.70 3.58 1.08 1.17 30.16 0.35 -0.89
Gly 1.90 6.00 3.91 1.17 1.36 29.82 0.24 -1.08
Ala 2.30 6.60 4.16 1.13 1.27 27.02 0.26 -0.84
Cys 0.60 2.00 0.92 0.31 0.10 33.85 2.09 4.78
Val 2.60 6.60 3.91 1.04 1.07 26.48 0.64 -0.16
Met 0.70 2.30 1.10 0.38 0.15 34.85 1.86 3.10
Ile 2.20 6.00 4.04 1.10 1.21 27.20 0.17 -1.12
Leu 0.80 12.00 6.91 2.78 7.73 40.23 -0.03 -0.65
Tyr 2.00 5.10 3.52 1.00 1.00 28.38 0.24 -1.43
Phe 2.50 6.60 4.34 1.16 1.34 26.65 0.21 -1.22
His 0.00 3.40 2.00 0.72 0.51 35.82 -0.32 0.90
Lys 2.60 8.00 4.75 1.56 2.45 32.94 0.41 -0.88
Arg 2.30 13.50 5.52 2.72 7.41 49.31 1.03 0.98
TAA 42.00 125.40 77.52 24.34 592.48 31.40 0.43 -1.02
EAA 16.80 44.60 28.85 8.22 67.50 28.47 0.42 -1.05
NEAA 25.20 80.80 48.67 16.33 266.55 33.55 0.44 -1.00
药效氨基酸 24.00 75.30 46.21 15.18 230.38 32.85 0.44 -1.11
鲜味氨基酸 10.30 36.10 21.15 7.99 63.91 37.79 0.54 -0.96
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669385933437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Amino acid species and content of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. under different sources (mg/g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 大棚基质
(芒市)
大棚基质
(龙陵)
大棚基质
(梁河)
杉木附生
(瑞丽)
杉木附生
(龙陵)
野生
Asp 14.51±4.30c 7.83±1.49ab 6.23±1.06a 12.05±0.83bc 15.28±6.89c 6.80±0.32a
Thr* 4.76±0.96c 3.25±0.60ab 2.47±0.42a 4.35±0.39bc 4.77±1.76c 2.80±0.14a
Ser 4.47±0.72b 3.06±0.47a 2.40±0.30a 4.30±0.42b 4.48±1.64b 2.83±0.28a
Glu 12.35±2.36c 7.66±1.13ab 6.07±0.85a 10.68±0.53bc 12.91±4.87c 6.93±0.25a
Pro 4.22±0.65b 3.18±1.47ab 2.33±0.49a 4.20±0.88b 3.66±1.30ab 2.73±0.15a
Gly 4.77±1.02c 3.16±0.41ab 2.53±0.60a 4.35±0.30bc 4.51±1.51c 2.85±0.30a
Ala 4.89±0.92c 3.52±0.56ab 2.83±0.61a 4.55±0.26bc 4.97±1.76c 3.18±0.32a
Cys 1.00±0.23a 0.77±0.15a 0.80±0.17a 0.85±0.06a 1.49±0.58b 0.68±0.05a
Val* 4.61±0.77b 3.12±0.43a 2.87±0.23a 4.23±0.31b 4.77±1.71b 2.98±0.35a
Met* 1.32±0.56a 0.96±0.25a 0.90±0.20a 0.88±0.05a 1.09±0.12a 1.15±0.17a
Ile* 4.79±0.82c 3.17±0.52ab 3.70±2.02abc 4.20±0.22abc 4.49±1.20bc 2.98±0.34a
Leu* 9.27±1.97b 5.60±0.98a 4.50±0.98a 6.13±3.59b 7.41±4.23b 4.88±0.17a
Tyr 4.19±0.88b 2.82±0.08a 2.23±0.21a 4.00±0.47b 4.19±1.22b 2.68±0.15a
Phe* 5.30±1.03c 3.62±0.41ab 2.93±0.45a 4.73±0.57bc 4.68±1.11bc 3.28±0.34a
His 2.46±0.51bc 1.74±0.34ab 1.43±0.25a 1.60±1.08ab 2.66±0.87c 1.50±0.16a
Lys* 5.78±1.37b 3.70±0.61a 3.13±0.55a 5.40±0.71b 5.81±2.20b 3.25±0.31a
Arg 7.36±2.85c 3.68±0.63ab 2.57±0.38a 6.13±1.06c 7.46±3.19c 3.38±0.40ab
TAA 96.05±19.79c 60.81±9.19ab 50.00±7.30a 82.60±6.28bc 94.61±34.15c 54.83±3.15a
EAA 35.43±6.67c 23.40±3.43ab 20.55±3.26a 29.90±4.36bc 33.01±11.93c 21.30±1.45ab
NEAA 60.62±13.32c 37.41±5.80ab 29.45±4.49a 52.70±2.53bc 61.60±22.45c 33.53±1.78a
药效氨基酸 58.09±12.51c 35.69±5.47ab 30.05±5.26a 48.40±5.04bc 56.17±21.48c 32.10±1.33a
鲜味氨基酸 26.87±6.51c 15.50±2.60ab 12.31±1.92a 22.73±0.95bc 28.19±11.65c 13.73±0.34a
(EAA/TAA)/% 37.04±1.57 38.50±0.72 41.09±2.46 36.07±2.93 35.03±1.95 38.84±0.72
(EAA/NEAA)/% 58.92±3.95 62.63±1.88 69.95±7.26 56.65±6.88 54.00±4.55 63.51±1.92
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669448847999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同来源齿瓣石斛的氨基酸的种类与含量(mg/g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 大棚基质
(芒市)
大棚基质
(龙陵)
大棚基质
(梁河)
杉木附生
(瑞丽)
杉木附生
(龙陵)
野生
Asp 14.51±4.30c 7.83±1.49ab 6.23±1.06a 12.05±0.83bc 15.28±6.89c 6.80±0.32a
Thr* 4.76±0.96c 3.25±0.60ab 2.47±0.42a 4.35±0.39bc 4.77±1.76c 2.80±0.14a
Ser 4.47±0.72b 3.06±0.47a 2.40±0.30a 4.30±0.42b 4.48±1.64b 2.83±0.28a
Glu 12.35±2.36c 7.66±1.13ab 6.07±0.85a 10.68±0.53bc 12.91±4.87c 6.93±0.25a
Pro 4.22±0.65b 3.18±1.47ab 2.33±0.49a 4.20±0.88b 3.66±1.30ab 2.73±0.15a
Gly 4.77±1.02c 3.16±0.41ab 2.53±0.60a 4.35±0.30bc 4.51±1.51c 2.85±0.30a
Ala 4.89±0.92c 3.52±0.56ab 2.83±0.61a 4.55±0.26bc 4.97±1.76c 3.18±0.32a
Cys 1.00±0.23a 0.77±0.15a 0.80±0.17a 0.85±0.06a 1.49±0.58b 0.68±0.05a
Val* 4.61±0.77b 3.12±0.43a 2.87±0.23a 4.23±0.31b 4.77±1.71b 2.98±0.35a
Met* 1.32±0.56a 0.96±0.25a 0.90±0.20a 0.88±0.05a 1.09±0.12a 1.15±0.17a
Ile* 4.79±0.82c 3.17±0.52ab 3.70±2.02abc 4.20±0.22abc 4.49±1.20bc 2.98±0.34a
Leu* 9.27±1.97b 5.60±0.98a 4.50±0.98a 6.13±3.59b 7.41±4.23b 4.88±0.17a
Tyr 4.19±0.88b 2.82±0.08a 2.23±0.21a 4.00±0.47b 4.19±1.22b 2.68±0.15a
Phe* 5.30±1.03c 3.62±0.41ab 2.93±0.45a 4.73±0.57bc 4.68±1.11bc 3.28±0.34a
His 2.46±0.51bc 1.74±0.34ab 1.43±0.25a 1.60±1.08ab 2.66±0.87c 1.50±0.16a
Lys* 5.78±1.37b 3.70±0.61a 3.13±0.55a 5.40±0.71b 5.81±2.20b 3.25±0.31a
Arg 7.36±2.85c 3.68±0.63ab 2.57±0.38a 6.13±1.06c 7.46±3.19c 3.38±0.40ab
TAA 96.05±19.79c 60.81±9.19ab 50.00±7.30a 82.60±6.28bc 94.61±34.15c 54.83±3.15a
EAA 35.43±6.67c 23.40±3.43ab 20.55±3.26a 29.90±4.36bc 33.01±11.93c 21.30±1.45ab
NEAA 60.62±13.32c 37.41±5.80ab 29.45±4.49a 52.70±2.53bc 61.60±22.45c 33.53±1.78a
药效氨基酸 58.09±12.51c 35.69±5.47ab 30.05±5.26a 48.40±5.04bc 56.17±21.48c 32.10±1.33a
鲜味氨基酸 26.87±6.51c 15.50±2.60ab 12.31±1.92a 22.73±0.95bc 28.19±11.65c 13.73±0.34a
(EAA/TAA)/% 37.04±1.57 38.50±0.72 41.09±2.46 36.07±2.93 35.03±1.95 38.84±0.72
(EAA/NEAA)/% 58.92±3.95 62.63±1.88 69.95±7.26 56.65±6.88 54.00±4.55 63.51±1.92
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669524345473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Matrix of communalities, factor loading and component score coefficient on amino acids in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 共同度 因子载荷 成分得分系数 氨基酸 共同度 因子载荷 成分得分系数
初始 提取 1 2 1 2 初始 提取 1 2 1 2
Asp 1.0 0.941 0.970 0.006 0.071 0.023 Met 1.0 0.731 0.215 0.828 -0.151 0.704
Thr 1.0 0.966 0.982 -0.034 0.080 -0.011 Ile 1.0 0.690 0.831 -0.003 0.062 0.012
Ser 1.0 0.942 0.970 0.026 0.067 0.039 Leu 1.0 0.781 0.882 0.060 0.053 0.066
Glu 1.0 0.949 0.974 -0.038 0.080 -0.015 Tyr 1.0 0.899 0.947 -0.051 0.081 -0.027
Pro 1.0 0.566 0.695 -0.287 0.109 -0.230 Phe 1.0 0.941 0.966 -0.083 0.088 -0.053
Gly 1.0 0.983 0.987 -0.090 0.092 -0.059 His 1.0 0.693 0.821 0.140 0.033 0.133
Ala 1.0 0.968 0.983 -0.046 0.082 -0.022 Lys 1.0 0.949 0.971 -0.072 0.087 -0.044
Cys 1.0 0.431 0.358 0.550 -0.084 0.472 Arg 1.0 0.866 0.925 -0.105 0.090 -0.073
Val 1.0 0.959 0.970 0.133 0.045 0.130
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669625008771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

齿瓣石斛中氨基酸共同度、因子载荷与成分得分系数矩阵

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸 共同度 因子载荷 成分得分系数 氨基酸 共同度 因子载荷 成分得分系数
初始 提取 1 2 1 2 初始 提取 1 2 1 2
Asp 1.0 0.941 0.970 0.006 0.071 0.023 Met 1.0 0.731 0.215 0.828 -0.151 0.704
Thr 1.0 0.966 0.982 -0.034 0.080 -0.011 Ile 1.0 0.690 0.831 -0.003 0.062 0.012
Ser 1.0 0.942 0.970 0.026 0.067 0.039 Leu 1.0 0.781 0.882 0.060 0.053 0.066
Glu 1.0 0.949 0.974 -0.038 0.080 -0.015 Tyr 1.0 0.899 0.947 -0.051 0.081 -0.027
Pro 1.0 0.566 0.695 -0.287 0.109 -0.230 Phe 1.0 0.941 0.966 -0.083 0.088 -0.053
Gly 1.0 0.983 0.987 -0.090 0.092 -0.059 His 1.0 0.693 0.821 0.140 0.033 0.133
Ala 1.0 0.968 0.983 -0.046 0.082 -0.022 Lys 1.0 0.949 0.971 -0.072 0.087 -0.044
Cys 1.0 0.431 0.358 0.550 -0.084 0.472 Arg 1.0 0.866 0.925 -0.105 0.090 -0.073
Val 1.0 0.959 0.970 0.133 0.045 0.130
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669755032197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Comprehensive score and ranking of amino acid quality principal component analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 主成分得分 综合得分 排名 编号 主成分得分 综合得分 排名
F1 F2 F1 F2
L1 3.185 0.568 2.494 28 H3 3.899 0.548 3.043 22
M1 7.924 1.088 6.184 3 M9 5.309 0.335 4.116 15
H1 2.726 1.047 2.173 29 M10 9.097 0.080 7.019 1
H2 3.544 0.641 2.776 27 R4 6.478 0.355 5.019 9
M2 7.340 0.430 5.689 6 R3 5.718 -0.880 4.349 14
L2 4.111 0.589 3.210 19 L4 8.635 1.193 6.738 2
M3 6.174 0.342 4.783 11 L5 7.486 0.339 5.795 5
L3 4.295 0.615 3.353 18 L6 3.774 1.133 2.986 23
M4 6.208 1.687 4.901 10 R2 6.006 0.408 4.658 12
M5 3.644 1.188 2.890 24 R1 5.646 0.537 4.390 13
M6 7.239 1.469 5.681 7 Y1 3.983 0.554 3.108 20
M7 7.549 0.404 5.848 4 Y2 3.582 0.635 2.805 25
M8 7.152 0.152 5.524 8 Y3 3.545 0.754 2.784 26
L7 4.657 1.025 3.660 17 Y4 3.918 0.873 3.080 21
L8 4.958 -0.099 3.816 16
), ArticleFig(id=1167158669851501191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1151881503782301728, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

氨基酸品质主成分分析的综合得分与排名

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 主成分得分 综合得分 排名 编号 主成分得分 综合得分 排名
F1 F2 F1 F2
L1 3.185 0.568 2.494 28 H3 3.899 0.548 3.043 22
M1 7.924 1.088 6.184 3 M9 5.309 0.335 4.116 15
H1 2.726 1.047 2.173 29 M10 9.097 0.080 7.019 1
H2 3.544 0.641 2.776 27 R4 6.478 0.355 5.019 9
M2 7.340 0.430 5.689 6 R3 5.718 -0.880 4.349 14
L2 4.111 0.589 3.210 19 L4 8.635 1.193 6.738 2
M3 6.174 0.342 4.783 11 L5 7.486 0.339 5.795 5
L3 4.295 0.615 3.353 18 L6 3.774 1.133 2.986 23
M4 6.208 1.687 4.901 10 R2 6.006 0.408 4.658 12
M5 3.644 1.188 2.890 24 R1 5.646 0.537 4.390 13
M6 7.239 1.469 5.681 7 Y1 3.983 0.554 3.108 20
M7 7.549 0.404 5.848 4 Y2 3.582 0.635 2.805 25
M8 7.152 0.152 5.524 8 Y3 3.545 0.754 2.784 26
L7 4.657 1.025 3.660 17 Y4 3.918 0.873 3.080 21
L8 4.958 -0.099 3.816 16
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云南不同来源齿瓣石斛中氨基酸营养价值评价
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乔禹 1 , 李庆聪 1 , 冯岩晃 2 , 李泽生 1 , 胡永亮 1 , 陈玉芹 1, * , 蔡文良 2, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品营养及功能性食品 2025,16(10): 309-317
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品营养及功能性食品 2025, 16(10): 309-317
云南不同来源齿瓣石斛中氨基酸营养价值评价
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乔禹1 , 李庆聪1, 冯岩晃2, 李泽生1, 胡永亮1, 陈玉芹1, * , 蔡文良2, *
作者信息
  • 1.云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所, 瑞丽 678600
  • 2.德宏州林业科学研究所, 瑞丽 678600
  • 乔禹(1991—), 女, 硕士, 研究实习员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 陈玉芹(1987—), 女, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与营养品质评价。E-mail:
蔡文良(1987—), 男, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为经济林栽培研究。E-mail:
Evaluation on the nutritional value of amino acids in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. from different sources in Yunnan Province
Yu QIAO1 , Qing-Cong LI1, Yan-Huang FENG2, Ze-Sheng LI1, Yong-Liang HU1, Yu-Qin CHEN1, * , Wen-Liang CAI2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Yunnan Dehong Institute of Tropical Agricultural Science, Ruili 678600, China
  • 2. Dehong Research Institute of Forestry, Ruili 678600, China
出版时间: 2025-05-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241120005
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目的 评价云南不同来源齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量的营养价值。方法 采用氨基酸分析仪法测定齿瓣石斛的氨基酸含量, 通过多元统计分析方法评价其氨基酸营养价值。结果 29个石斛样品氨基酸总量(total amino acid, TAA)在42.00~125.40 mg/g之间; 必需氨基酸(essential amino acid, EAA)含量在16.80~44.60 mg/g之间; 天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、亮氨酸和精氨酸含量最为丰富, 分别为11.18、9.97、6.91和5.52 mg/g, 可作为齿瓣石斛的特征性氨基酸, 胱氨酸(0.92 mg/g)和蛋氨酸(1.10 mg/g)分别是第一和第二限制性氨基酸; 根据联合国粮食及农业组织和世界卫生组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization, FAO/WHO)氨基酸模式谱标准, 梁河地区大棚基质栽培的齿瓣石斛[EAA/非必需氨基酸(non-essential amino acid, NEAA)为62.69%~77.21%; EAA/TAA为38.63%~43.55%]和野生品种(EAA/NEAA为61.59%~65.43%; EAA/TAA为38.12%~39.56%)的营养价值最高, 更符合人体需求; 根据品质评价模型的综合得分排名, 来源于芒市M10、M1、M7和龙陵L4、L5的样品价值较高。通过主成分分析提取到的两个主成分, 累计贡献度为83.852%, 建立了齿瓣石斛品质评价模型。以氨基酸和综合得分为变量进行聚类分析, 可将所有样品分为3大类。结论 齿瓣石斛的氨基酸营养丰富, 且不同来源的齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量有差异。该研究为齿瓣石斛的营养价值开发和利用提供了理论依据, 同时, 建议关注石斛的来源与栽培方式以提升市场价值。

齿瓣石斛  /  氨基酸  /  主成分分析  /  聚类分析

Objective To evaluate the nutritional value of amino acid content in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. from different sources in Yunnan Province. Methods The amino acid analyzer method was used to determine the amino acid content of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt., and the amino acid nutritional value was evaluated by multivariate statistical analysis methods. Results The total amino acid (TAA) content in 29 samples ranged from 42.00 to 125.40 mg/g; the essential amino acid (EAA) content ranged from 16.80 to 44.60 mg/g; the content of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and arginine were the most abundant, which were 11.18, 9.97, 6.91 and 5.52 mg/g respectively and could be used as the characteristic amino acids of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.. The content of cystine (0.92 mg/g) and methionine (1.10 mg/g) were the first and second limiting amino acids respectively. According to the amino acid pattern spectrum standards of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), the nutritional value of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. cultivated in greenhouse substrates in Lianghe Area [EAA/non-essential amino acid (NEAA) was 62.69%-77.21%; EAA/TAA was 38.63%-43.55%] and wild varieties (EAA/NEAA was 61.59%-65.43%; EAA/TAA was 38.12%-39.56%) were the highest and more in line with human needs. According to the comprehensive score ranking in the quality evaluation model, the values of the samples from Mangshi M10, M1, M7 and Longling L4, L5 were higher. Two principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution degree was 83.852%, and a quality evaluation model of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. was established. Cluster analysis was carried out with amino acids and comprehensive scores as variables respectively, and all samples could be divided into 3 major categories. Conclusion The amino acids of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. is rich in nutrients, and the amino acid content of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. from different sources varies. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the development and utilization of the nutritional value of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.. At the same time, it is recommended to pay attention to the origin and cultivation methods of Dendrobium to enhance its market value.

Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.  /  amino acid  /  principal component analysis  /  clustering analysis
乔禹, 李庆聪, 冯岩晃, 李泽生, 胡永亮, 陈玉芹, 蔡文良. 云南不同来源齿瓣石斛中氨基酸营养价值评价. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (10) : 309 -317 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241120005
Yu QIAO, Qing-Cong LI, Yan-Huang FENG, Ze-Sheng LI, Yong-Liang HU, Yu-Qin CHEN, Wen-Liang CAI. Evaluation on the nutritional value of amino acids in Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. from different sources in Yunnan Province[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (10) : 309 -317 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241120005
石斛属植物含有多种化学成分, 石斛经常作为食材融入日常饮食中或纳入传统中药制剂[1], 能够增强人体免疫力、改善肝功能及抗疲劳、降血糖等[2-5], 有些具有甜味, 可被用来制作甜点[6]。齿瓣石斛(Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.)俗称紫皮石斛、香棍草、大黄草、吊兰花, 为西南各省区石斛药材主要习用品种之一, 收录于2005版《云南省中药材标准》[7], 是云南重点发展的药用石斛资源。齿瓣石斛化学成分、药理作用类似于铁皮石斛, 含有生物碱、多糖、黄酮类等[7]。可用于热病伤津或胃阴不足之舌干口渴、阴虚津亏之虚热不退等症, 有抗疲劳、抗肿瘤和抗菌抗病毒[8-15]等功效, 此外, 石斛提取物还可减轻神经退行性疾病、治疗骨质疏松症和胃溃疡[16-18]。由此可见, 齿瓣石斛是一种营养丰富的天然保健品。
氨基酸是人体发育生长和新陈代谢过程中重要的营养物质和生物活性物质[19], 曾有文献报道氨基酸既是评价药材质量和营养价值的重要指标, 也是药理作用的主要成分之一[20-23]。有研究表明, 石斛中的蛋白质、生物碱、总黄酮等成分和活性物质含量会受石斛品种、产地、栽培模式的影响[24-26]。但对齿瓣石斛的氨基酸组成和含量的影响鲜见报道。石斛对湿度、温度、光照等要求比较严格, 云南虽气候适宜但由于不同产地的温湿度因素和栽培模式不同, 可能导致不同产地的石斛氨基酸含量不同。因此, 本研究选定齿瓣石斛品种为研究对象, 采用氨基酸分析仪法测定不同来源齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量, 通过氨基酸模式、主成分分析等评价其氨基酸营养价值, 并进行聚类分析, 旨在为云南齿瓣石斛氨基酸营养开发利用提供理论依据。
齿瓣石斛(Dendrobium devonianum Paxt.)样品于2015—2016年在芒市、瑞丽市、梁河、龙陵等地采集, 样品由德宏所药用植物研究中心的李泽生研究员鉴定为齿瓣石斛。样品经过105 ℃杀青30 min处理, 随后在55 ℃下烘干至恒重, 以确保其活性成分的稳定性, 粉碎后备用。具体信息见表1
盐酸(分析纯, 重庆万盛川东化工有限公司); 缓冲液(pH 2.20、3.20、4.25、6.45)[大昌洋行(上海)有限公司]; AAS18-5ML氨基酸标准品(18个组分, 纯度99.5%)(国家标准物质资源平台); 氮气(纯度99.999%, 昆明梅塞尔气体产品有限公司)。
RETSCH MM400组织磨样器(济南泰和盈科商贸有限公司); ME204电子分析天平(精度0.0001 g, 上海恒勤仪器设备有限公司); Biochrom30+全自动氨基酸分析仪[大昌洋行(上海)有限公司]; PinAACle 900F火焰原子吸收分光光度计(美国PerkinElmer公司); XL-2000A智能一体马弗炉(鹤壁市恒鑫仪器仪表有限公司); 瑞士布奇K-370凯式定氮仪(上海晟声自动化分析仪器有限公司)。
准确称取齿瓣石斛粉末样品0.2 g(精确到0.0001 g)于10 mL安瓿瓶中, 加入10 mL 6 mol/L盐酸, 用酒精喷灯封口, 封口后放入(110 ℃±1 ℃)恒温干燥箱内水解22~24 h冷却, 取1 mL上清液置于蒸发皿中, 60 ℃±5 ℃水浴干燥, 待液体快蒸干再加入2 mL去离子水, 重复操作3次, 蒸干。加入2 mL pH 2.2稀释液。混匀后过0.45 μm微孔滤膜过滤后备用。
取200 μL混合氨基酸标准品, 加入800 μL pH 2.2稀释液, 充分混匀, 进样10、20、30、40 μL上机测定, 根据各氨基酸的响应值与浓度绘制标准曲线。
17种氨基酸分离程序见表2, 检测器: 检测器1波长570 nm, 检测器2波长440 nm, 进样量20 µL, 色谱柱为Biochrom30+氨基酸分析的Na+专用柱。
数据采用Excel 2019对数据整理后进行SPSS 22.0一维方差分析Duncan多重比较, 结果用“平均值±标准偏差”表示, 并利用其中的因子分析主成分提取方法及系统聚类分析作图表示结果, 相关性分析结果通过Origin 2021作图表示。
29种不同来源的齿瓣石斛样品氨基酸含量见表3。由表34可看出, 齿瓣石斛含有17种氨基酸和人体所需的7种必需氨基酸(essential amino acid, EAA)。Asp、Glu、Leu和Arg 4种氨基酸含量最为丰富, 可作为齿瓣石斛的特征性氨基酸(表4), 样品M1 (20.70 mg/g)、L4 (20.60 mg/g)、M10 (19.9 mg/g)和L5 (17.73 mg/g)的Asp含量最高, M10 (16.20 mg/g)、L5 (16.03 mg/g)、L4 (15.40 mg/g)和M6 (13.70 mg/g)的Glu含量最高, M10 (12.00 mg/g)、L4 (11.10 mg/g)、M7 (10.70 mg/g)和M1 (10.40 mg/g)的Leu含量最高, M10 (13.50 mg/g)、L5 (9.67 mg/g)、M1 (9.60 mg/g)和L4 (8.90 mg/g) Arg含量最高(表3); Cys和Met含量最少, 分别为第一和第二限制性氨基酸; 从变异系数来看, Arg、Asp和Leu变异程度较高, 分别为49.31%、42.93%和40.23%; 齿瓣石斛的氨基酸总量(total amino acid, TAA)、EAA、药效氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量分别为42.00~125.40、16.80~44.60、24.00~75.30、10.30~36.10 mg/g; 变异系数分别为31.40%、28.47%、32.85%、37.79%, 呈中等变异。
表5可以看出, 不同来源的齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量具有显著影响, 来源于大棚基质和衫木附生两种模式下氨基酸含量接近或高于野生品种。除CysMet和His含量无显著差异, 芒市大棚基质栽培、瑞丽和龙陵地区杉木附生栽培的齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量整体上显著高于野生种, 也显著高于龙陵、梁河地区的大棚基质栽培石斛; 其中, 来源于芒市大棚基质和龙陵衫木附生的栽培方式下, 齿瓣石斛的各氨基酸含量较丰富, 前者TAA、EAA、药效氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸分别达到96、35、58和26 mg/g以上, 后者可分别达到94、33、56、28 mg/g以上, 而梁河大棚基质栽培的大部分氨基酸含量最低, 以TAA、EAA、药效氨基酸含量从高到低排序均为大棚基质(芒市)=衫木附生(龙陵)>衫木附生(瑞丽)>大棚基质(龙陵)>野生>大棚基质(梁河)。此外, 据联合国粮食及农业组织和世界卫生组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization, FAO/WHO)氨基酸模式谱标准, EAA/NEAA在60%以上, EAA/TAA为40%左右时说明植物蛋白于人体而言有较高的营养价值。相比而言, 梁河的大棚基质栽培齿瓣石斛的EAA/NEAA在62.69%~77.21%之间, EAA/TAA在38.63%~43.55%之间, 营养价值更符合人体需求, 野生次之, 其EAA/NEAA在61.59%~65.43%之间, EAA/TAA在38.12%~39.56%之间。
Met和Cys与其他氨基酸的正相关性最弱; Pro与Ile、Leu及His的正相关性较弱, 与Met之间几乎没有相关性; 其他氨基酸之间正相关性普遍较强(图1), 说明适合进行主成分分析。
表6共同度所示, 主成分可以涵盖所测定的绝大部分氨基酸55%以上的信息, 其中Gly、Ala和Thr等9种氨基酸可被提取90%以上的信息量, Cys和Pro信息量则损失最多。由图2所示, 所提取到的两个主成分共同解释了83.852%的方差(分别为77.088%和6.764%), 即这两个主成分包含了17个氨基酸中83.852%的信息, 效果较为理想, 说明具有研究意义。此外, 通过主成分分析后的成分得分系数, 可获得主成分线性表达式为:
F1=0.071X1+0.080X2+0.067X3+…+0.033X15+0.087X16+0.090X17
F2=0.023X1–0.011X2+0.039X3+…+0.133X15–0.044X16–0.073X17
齿瓣石斛氨基酸品质综合评价模型为IFI=0.771F1+ 0.068F2。IFI值的高低代表齿瓣石斛氨基酸品质的好坏。
通过主成分分析得出各类氨基酸成分得分系数(表6), 根据上述氨基酸品质综合评价模型计算出29个样品最终综合得分并进行排名(表7), 排名前5名分别为M10、L4、M1、M7和L5。
对29种齿瓣石斛的17种氨基酸和TAA、EAA、NEAA、药效氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸为变量进行聚类分析。如图34所示, 分别以氨基酸和综合得分为变量进行分类, 可将所有样品分为3大类, 发现除第三类的下级分类有细微差别外, 其他分类一致: 即Y2、Y3、H2、L2、L3、Y1、Y4、H3、M5等12种齿瓣石斛为一类; M3、R2、M4、R4、L7、L8、M9等9种齿瓣石斛为一类; M2、M7、M6、L5、M8等8种齿瓣石斛为一类。
本研究对云南不同来源的齿瓣石斛进行氨基酸含量的测定和分析, 结果表明不同来源的齿瓣石斛中氨基酸的含量具有一定的差异。29个样品中均含有17种氨基酸和人体所需的7种EAA。其中Asp、Glu、Leu和Arg 4种氨基酸含量在齿瓣石斛中最为丰富, Cys和Met含量最少, 分别为第一和第二限制性氨基酸, 这与王晓媛等[27]的研究结果基本一致。Asp虽不是EAA, 但作为药效氨基酸能用于增强肝脏功能、治疗心血管疾病及合成维生素B6[28]。Glu是一种多功能氨基酸, 它处于多种代谢途径的十字路口, 不仅参与消化系统和免疫系统, 还与大脑健康密切相关, 能够改善儿童智力发育、治疗脑震荡和神经损伤等疾病[29]。Leu作为一种EAA, 在各种生理过程中发挥着关键作用, 包括蛋白质合成、调节血糖和作为信号分子参与多种信号通路。在饮食中适当补充Leu可以缓解高血糖, 改善高胆固醇, 增加胰岛素敏感性[30]。有研究发现Arg在抗肿瘤中起到一定作用, 能够降低术后感染并发症发生率, 促进免疫功能和营养状况的恢复[31]。齿瓣石斛作为富含以上4类氨基酸的载体, 在未来具有广阔的发展前景和潜力。FAO/WHO氨基酸模式, 是FAO/WHO 1973年提出的人体EAA模式。它通过比较食物蛋白质中各种EAA的构成比例与人体蛋白质氨基酸模式的接近程度, 来判断食物蛋白质的质量。这种方法能够反映食物蛋白质在人体内的利用效率, 以及其对人体健康的贡献[32]。本研究发现梁河的大棚基质栽培齿瓣石斛氨基酸营养价值更符合人体需求, 野生次之。通过对氨基酸品质进行排名, 前5名的样品分别为M10、L4、M1、M7、L5, 说明大棚基质和衫木附生栽培的石斛氨基酸品质比野生的更好。分别以氨基酸和综合得分为变量进行聚类分析, 将29个样品分为3类, 说明聚类分析结果较好地体现了不同产地石斛氨基酸含量的差异性, 为云南省齿瓣石斛的营养价值评价、资源开发等提供理论指导。
栽培模式对石斛的生长和品质有重要作用[24-26]。本研究发现同一种栽培模式不同产地对齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量积累有影响, 可能由于生长环境的气候、温度、湿度影响了石斛氨基酸积累, 存在地域性差异; 来自龙陵的不同栽培模式的样品氨基酸含量有显著差异, 说明同一产地不同栽培模式对齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量形成也有影响, 这与黄彪等[33]得出栽培模式对铁皮石斛游离氨基酸含量有影响作用的研究结论相似。本研究对采自云南不同产地29个齿瓣石斛样品进行氨基酸含量的分析及营养价值评价, 有效补充了云南齿瓣石斛营养成分分析方向的不足, 为后续的相关研究奠定基础。本次研究不足之处, 样品采摘过程中未充分考虑石斛的种植年限、各地栽培管理水平, 且野生品种采样量较少, 对数据分析的规律性具有一定影响。因此, 在后续研究中应加大样品数量, 充分考虑种植年限、管理水平、减少环境因素带来的影响, 同时进一步对石斛生境进行多维度测量, 来明确各类环境因素对齿瓣石斛氨基酸含量的影响权重, 以便为其栽培模式提供更准确的科学理论支撑。
  • 英才兴边计划德宏州技术创新人才项目(2023RC005)
  • 科技人才与平台计划项目(202205AD160041)
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241120005
  • 接收时间:2024-11-20
  • 首发时间:2025-07-15
  • 出版时间:2025-05-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-20
基金
英才兴边计划德宏州技术创新人才项目(2023RC005)
科技人才与平台计划项目(202205AD160041)
作者信息
    1.云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所, 瑞丽 678600
    2.德宏州林业科学研究所, 瑞丽 678600

通讯作者:

* 陈玉芹(1987—), 女, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与营养品质评价。E-mail:
蔡文良(1987—), 男, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为经济林栽培研究。E-mail:
参考文献
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spaq/CN/10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20241120005
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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