Article(id=1217845641892512452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250513006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1747065600000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768286627505, onlineDateStr=2026-01-13, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768286627505, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768286627505, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768286627505, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1217845635080962613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='16', pageStart='1', pageEnd='324', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768286625881, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768287480278, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1217849218753024879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1217849218753024880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3, endPage=9, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1217845642404217571, articleId=1217845641892512452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Determination of 16 kinds of rare earth elements in plant agricultural products by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with micro-open graphite digestion, columnId=1151895322692776479, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Analysis and Monitoring of Toxic and Harmful Substances in Food, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To develop for the determination of 16 kinds of rare earth elements in plant agricultural products by micro-open graphite digestion coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Methods Using the micro-open graphite digestion as the pretreatment method, the effects of acid digestion system, digestion time and matrix elements (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+) on rare earth elements were investigated. Results The results showed that adding HF to the HNO3+HClO4 mixed acid system facilitated complete digestion of samples and significantly improved the recovery of rare earth elements. When the concentration ratio of matrix elements to rare earth elements reached 4 orders of magnitude, there was no significant interference in the determination of rare earth elements. Under optimal conditions, the standard curves exhibited good linear relationships (r≥0.999) in the range of 0-50 μg/L, with the limits of detection was 0.001-0.006 mg/kg. The method was validated using national standard reference materials, and the determination results of each rare earth element were generally consistent with the reference values. The recoveries of spiked samples were 83.2%-110.3% and the relative standard deviations were 1.0%-10.4%. Conclusion The method features simple operation, strong anti-interference capability, and high accuracy, making it suitable for rapid determination of rare earth elements in batch plant agricultural products.

, correspAuthors=Dian WEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qi JIANG, Yan-Xiang LU, Lei LI, Mei-Xia LI, Chu-Guo CHEN, Pei-Hua ZHAO, Yong CHEN, Dian WEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1217845644249711474, articleId=1217845641892512452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=微敞开体系石墨消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定植物农产品中16种稀土元素, columnId=1151923892102197877, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=专题:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立微敞开体系石墨消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)测定植物农产品中16种稀土元素的方法。方法 采用微敞开石墨消解作为前处理方法, 考察酸消解体系、消解时间、基质元素(K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Mn2+)对稀土元素测定的影响。结果 研究表明, 在HNO3+HClO4混酸基础上加入HF有利于样品完全消解, 有效提高稀土元素回收率。基质元素与稀土元素浓度之比达4个数量级时, 对稀土元素测定也无明显干扰。在最佳条件下, 标准曲线在0~50 μg/L内具有良好的线性关系(r≥0.999), 方法检出限为0.001~0.006 mg/kg。选用国家标准物质进行验证, 各稀土元素的测定结果基本与参考值吻合。同时对实际样品进行测定, 回收率为83.2%~110.3%, 相对标准偏差为1.0%~10.4%。结论 方法具有操作简单, 抗干扰性强, 准确度高等优点, 适用于批量植物农产品中稀土元素的快速测定。

, correspAuthors=文典, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 文典(1988—), 男, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与产地环境监测技术研究。E-mail:
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江棋(1992—), 男, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为产地环境及食品安全方面检测。E-mail:

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Microchemical Journal, 2019, 147: 93-101., articleTitle=Determination of trace rare earth elements in fruits by microwave digestion coupled with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1217864271682257844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, awardId=2022YFE0116300, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0116300), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217864271761949629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, awardId=2022A0505090002, language=CN, fundingSource=广东省科技计划项目(2022A0505090002), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217864271871001541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, awardId=202205, language=CN, fundingSource=广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所所长基金项目(202205), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217864261762728329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864261771116938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, companyId=1217864261762728329, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864261779505547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, companyId=1217864261762728329, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所, 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1217864261905334676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864261913723286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, companyId=1217864261905334676, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-products Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864261930500507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, companyId=1217864261905334676, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 农业农村部农产品质量安全检测与评价重点实验室, 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1217864262060523943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864262068912551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, companyId=1217864262060523943, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Guangdong Agricultural Science Monitoring Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217864262077301161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, companyId=1217864262060523943, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 广东农科监测科技有限公司, 广州 510640)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1217864269706740508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effects of HF on determination of rare earth elements, figureFileSmall=CLNry4wrEiZHo8oXeCyTgA==, figureFileBig=gn1Y9pMjLQZozjoRhvTG6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864269916455718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=CN, label=图1, caption=HF对稀土测定的影响

注: a. GSB-11柑橘叶; b. GSB-12豆角, 图2同。

, figureFileSmall=CLNry4wrEiZHo8oXeCyTgA==, figureFileBig=gn1Y9pMjLQZozjoRhvTG6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864270059062067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effects of time on determination of rare earth elements, figureFileSmall=gdrF140hio2+VJJXIm/zVg==, figureFileBig=ghWZKj7saf8dfI1H0SkTQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864270239417158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=CN, label=图2, caption=时间对稀土测定的影响, figureFileSmall=gdrF140hio2+VJJXIm/zVg==, figureFileBig=ghWZKj7saf8dfI1H0SkTQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864270373634896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of matrix ions on determination of rare earth elements, figureFileSmall=oJcjyerpxCQtrpDXktGJcQ==, figureFileBig=lC9QQTP+Jiaqhg5jcNTbyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864270516241237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=CN, label=图3, caption=基质元素对稀土测定的影响

注: a. 0.2 μg/L的稀土溶液; b. 1.0 μg/L的稀土溶液。

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Detection of mass quality for rare earth elements

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元素 质量数 元素 质量数 元素 质量数 元素 质量数
Sc 45 Pr 141 Gd 157 Er 166
Y 89 Nd 146 Tb 159 Tm 169
La 139 Sm 147 Dy 163 Yb 172
Ce 140 Eu 153 Ho 165 Lu 175
), ArticleFig(id=1217864270721762152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

稀土多元素测定质量数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 质量数 元素 质量数 元素 质量数 元素 质量数
Sc 45 Pr 141 Gd 157 Er 166
Y 89 Nd 146 Tb 159 Tm 169
La 139 Sm 147 Dy 163 Yb 172
Ce 140 Eu 153 Ho 165 Lu 175
), ArticleFig(id=1217864270809842544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Limits of detection and limit of quantitation of the method

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元素 检出限/(mg/kg) 定量限/(mg/kg) 相关系数 元素 检出限/(mg/kg) 定量限/(mg/kg) 相关系数
Sc 0.003 0.009 0.9999 Gd 0.001 0.005 1.0000
Y 0.001 0.004 1.0000 Tb 0.002 0.006 1.0000
La 0.004 0.013 0.9999 Dy 0.003 0.009 1.0000
Ce 0.006 0.018 1.0000 Ho 0.001 0.004 1.0000
Pr 0.002 0.007 1.0000 Er 0.002 0.006 1.0000
Nd 0.002 0.006 1.0000 Tm 0.002 0.007 1.0000
Sm 0.003 0.008 1.0000 Yb 0.001 0.004 1.0000
Eu 0.001 0.004 1.0000 Lu 0.001 0.003 0.9999
), ArticleFig(id=1217864270906311544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

方法检出限及定量限

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 检出限/(mg/kg) 定量限/(mg/kg) 相关系数 元素 检出限/(mg/kg) 定量限/(mg/kg) 相关系数
Sc 0.003 0.009 0.9999 Gd 0.001 0.005 1.0000
Y 0.001 0.004 1.0000 Tb 0.002 0.006 1.0000
La 0.004 0.013 0.9999 Dy 0.003 0.009 1.0000
Ce 0.006 0.018 1.0000 Ho 0.001 0.004 1.0000
Pr 0.002 0.007 1.0000 Er 0.002 0.006 1.0000
Nd 0.002 0.006 1.0000 Tm 0.002 0.007 1.0000
Sm 0.003 0.008 1.0000 Yb 0.001 0.004 1.0000
Eu 0.001 0.004 1.0000 Lu 0.001 0.003 0.9999
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271019557761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Analytical results of 16 kinds of rare earth elements in plant standard materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 GSB-6a(菠菜) GSB-7a(绿茶) GSB-30a(绿茶)
标准值
/(mg/kg)
测定值
/(mg/kg)
相对
误差/%
RSDs
/%
标准值
/(mg/kg)
测定值
/(mg/kg)
相对
误差/%
RSDs
/%
标准值
/(mg/kg)
测定值
/(mg/kg)
相对
误差/%
RSDs
/%
Sc 0.180±0.040 0.214 21.1 10.2 0.089±0.017 0.072 -19.2 9.5 0.054±0.010 0.047 -13.0 11.6
Y 0.70±0.10 0.83 18.5 2.1 2.00±0.20 1.86 -8.4 3.6 0.51±0.05 0.50 -2.2 4.2
La 0.80±0.10 0.83 3.8 4.1 1.01±0.08 0.94 -6.0 2.1 0.34±0.04 0.35 2.2 6.6
Ce 1.5±0.2 1.6 6.6 4.5 1.30±0.20 1.28 -1.3 2.2 0.51±0.07 0.53 4.4 7.5
Pr 0.170±0.030 0.183 7.6 4.1 0.16 0.15 -6.4 2.6 0.064±0.007 0.061 -4.7 7.2
Nd 0.65±0.09 0.70 7.7 5.5 0.66±0.08 0.61 -7.6 3.8 0.250±0.040 0.237 -5.3 6.8
Sm 0.13±0.02 0.13 1.1 5.0 0.12±0.02 0.11 -7.8 1.4 0.054±0.006 0.052 -2.9 5.9
Eu 0.026±0.003 0.027 4.5 3.9 0.027±0.002 0.021 -23.2 1.6 0.020±0.004 0.0136 -32 3.6
Gd 0.120±0.010 0.115 -4.2 3.0 0.140±0.020 0.127 -9.8 3.2 0.058±0.007 0.054 -6.9 3.0
Tb 0.017±0.003 0.018 -3.0 7.5 0.021±0.02 0.019 -9.6 2.1 0.009±0.001 0.008 -11.2 1.6
Dy 0.085±0.010 0.098 15.2 4.5 0.13±0.02 0.12 -8.5 3.5 0.054±0.008 0.051 -7.5 2.3
Ho 0.016±0.003 0.019 19.3 4.0 0.028±0.004 0.024 -15.8 2.2 0.011±0.002 0.010 -9.1 3.6
Er 0.042±0.006 0.054 28.5 3.4 0.08±0.01 0.08 -0.2 2.8 0.033±0.005 0.031 -6.1 5.0
Tm 0.0055±0.0014 0.0073 32.7 5.3 0.0140±0.0020 0.0123 -12.8 1.8 0.054±0.009 0.051 -7.5 1.7
Yb 0.036±0.005 0.048 32.3 2.2 0.100±0.020 0.093 -7.0 1.4 0.036±0.050 0.034 -5.6 4.0
Lu 0.0054±0.0012 0.0068 25.9 7.1 0.0160±0.0030 0.0135 -15.7 3.8 0.006±0.001 0.005 -16.7 8.2
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271191524234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

植物样品标准物质中16种稀土元素测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 GSB-6a(菠菜) GSB-7a(绿茶) GSB-30a(绿茶)
标准值
/(mg/kg)
测定值
/(mg/kg)
相对
误差/%
RSDs
/%
标准值
/(mg/kg)
测定值
/(mg/kg)
相对
误差/%
RSDs
/%
标准值
/(mg/kg)
测定值
/(mg/kg)
相对
误差/%
RSDs
/%
Sc 0.180±0.040 0.214 21.1 10.2 0.089±0.017 0.072 -19.2 9.5 0.054±0.010 0.047 -13.0 11.6
Y 0.70±0.10 0.83 18.5 2.1 2.00±0.20 1.86 -8.4 3.6 0.51±0.05 0.50 -2.2 4.2
La 0.80±0.10 0.83 3.8 4.1 1.01±0.08 0.94 -6.0 2.1 0.34±0.04 0.35 2.2 6.6
Ce 1.5±0.2 1.6 6.6 4.5 1.30±0.20 1.28 -1.3 2.2 0.51±0.07 0.53 4.4 7.5
Pr 0.170±0.030 0.183 7.6 4.1 0.16 0.15 -6.4 2.6 0.064±0.007 0.061 -4.7 7.2
Nd 0.65±0.09 0.70 7.7 5.5 0.66±0.08 0.61 -7.6 3.8 0.250±0.040 0.237 -5.3 6.8
Sm 0.13±0.02 0.13 1.1 5.0 0.12±0.02 0.11 -7.8 1.4 0.054±0.006 0.052 -2.9 5.9
Eu 0.026±0.003 0.027 4.5 3.9 0.027±0.002 0.021 -23.2 1.6 0.020±0.004 0.0136 -32 3.6
Gd 0.120±0.010 0.115 -4.2 3.0 0.140±0.020 0.127 -9.8 3.2 0.058±0.007 0.054 -6.9 3.0
Tb 0.017±0.003 0.018 -3.0 7.5 0.021±0.02 0.019 -9.6 2.1 0.009±0.001 0.008 -11.2 1.6
Dy 0.085±0.010 0.098 15.2 4.5 0.13±0.02 0.12 -8.5 3.5 0.054±0.008 0.051 -7.5 2.3
Ho 0.016±0.003 0.019 19.3 4.0 0.028±0.004 0.024 -15.8 2.2 0.011±0.002 0.010 -9.1 3.6
Er 0.042±0.006 0.054 28.5 3.4 0.08±0.01 0.08 -0.2 2.8 0.033±0.005 0.031 -6.1 5.0
Tm 0.0055±0.0014 0.0073 32.7 5.3 0.0140±0.0020 0.0123 -12.8 1.8 0.054±0.009 0.051 -7.5 1.7
Yb 0.036±0.005 0.048 32.3 2.2 0.100±0.020 0.093 -7.0 1.4 0.036±0.050 0.034 -5.6 4.0
Lu 0.0054±0.0012 0.0068 25.9 7.1 0.0160±0.0030 0.0135 -15.7 3.8 0.006±0.001 0.005 -16.7 8.2
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271325741974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Detection results of rare earth elements in samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 单丛茶 蕉岭绿茶 芥菜 玉米
本底

/(μg/L)
加标

/(μg/L)
测定

/(μg/L)
平均
回收率/%
RSDs
/%
本底

/(μg/L)
加标

/(μg/L)
测定

/(μg/L)
平均
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
本底

/(μg/L)
加标

/(μg/L)
测定

/(μg/L)
平均
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
本底

/(μg/L)
加标

/(μg/L)
测定

/(μg/L)
平均
回收率
/%
RSD
/%
Sc 0.26 1 1.09 83.2 5.5 0.18 1 1.04 86.2 5.2 0.19 1 1.11 92.1 6.9 0.16 1 1.02 86.5 7.1
Y 1.85 1 2.91 106.1 10.4 0.43 1 1.41 97.9 5.6 0.32 1 1.29 96.5 9.2 0.26 1 1.29 103.4 8.1
La 1.34 1 2.35 101.4 6.7 1.41 1 2.33 92.2 5.9 0.77 1 1.72 95.4 8.2 0.69 1 1.61 92.2 5.9
Ce 3.41 1 4.31 90.0 8.8 2.00 1 2.89 89.4 9.1 1.40 1 2.37 91.6 9.3 1.59 1 2.47 88.3 6.6
Pr 0.32 1 1.38 106.3 3.6 0.24 1 1.27 102.4 3.3 0.14 1 1.12 98.0 5.1 0.09 1 1.08 99.5 4.3
Nd 1.22 1 2.29 106.4 3.6 0.89 1 1.86 96.8 4.2 0.48 1 1.47 98.7 5.3 0.28 1 1.33 104.7 5.8
Sm 0.28 1 1.35 107.3 3.2 0.16 1 1.20 104.1 3.5 0.10 1 1.12 101.9 5.6 0.04 1 1.07 103.8 6.3
Eu 0.04 1 1.13 108.8 2.2 0.03 1 1.09 105.5 1.8 0.02 1 1.03 101.4 2.8 0.01 1 1.03 102.0 4.7
Gd 0.25 1 1.33 108.6 4.7 0.13 1 1.20 106.9 1.0 0.08 1 1.13 105.1 5.3 0.05 1 1.12 107.5 3.0
Tb 0.04 1 1.14 110.3 2.4 0.01 1 1.09 107.3 1.8 0.01 1 0.98 96.8 6.5 0.01 1 0.99 98.0 3.7
Dy 0.30 1 1.34 104.7 5.9 0.09 1 1.14 105.4 2.8 0.06 1 1.10 104.5 3.8 0.05 1 1.13 108.2 3.5
Ho 0.07 1 1.05 98.6 4.2 0.02 1 1.03 100.9 2.5 0.01 1 1.04 102.3 4.1 0.01 1 1.07 105.9 6.1
Er 0.26 1 1.26 99.5 2.5 0.06 1 1.08 102.0 2.2 0.03 1 1.09 105.6 2.9 0.03 1 1.04 101.4 2.8
Tm 0.05 1 1.12 106.2 1.5 0.01 1 1.06 104.7 1.4 ND 1 1.04 104.2 3.6 0.02 1 1.05 103.3 2.6
Yb 0.42 1 1.41 98.9 3.2 0.07 1 1.09 102.0 1.8 0.02 1 1.05 102.5 3.6 0.03 1 1.06 103.6 3.5
Lu 0.07 1 1.09 102.1 1.2 0.01 1 1.02 101.6 2.5 ND 1 1.03 103.3 3.4 ND 1 1.04 104.2 4.2
), ArticleFig(id=1217864271455765408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845641892512452, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

样品中各稀土元素检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 单丛茶 蕉岭绿茶 芥菜 玉米
本底

/(μg/L)
加标

/(μg/L)
测定

/(μg/L)
平均
回收率/%
RSDs
/%
本底

/(μg/L)
加标

/(μg/L)
测定

/(μg/L)
平均
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
本底

/(μg/L)
加标

/(μg/L)
测定

/(μg/L)
平均
回收率
/%
RSDs
/%
本底

/(μg/L)
加标

/(μg/L)
测定

/(μg/L)
平均
回收率
/%
RSD
/%
Sc 0.26 1 1.09 83.2 5.5 0.18 1 1.04 86.2 5.2 0.19 1 1.11 92.1 6.9 0.16 1 1.02 86.5 7.1
Y 1.85 1 2.91 106.1 10.4 0.43 1 1.41 97.9 5.6 0.32 1 1.29 96.5 9.2 0.26 1 1.29 103.4 8.1
La 1.34 1 2.35 101.4 6.7 1.41 1 2.33 92.2 5.9 0.77 1 1.72 95.4 8.2 0.69 1 1.61 92.2 5.9
Ce 3.41 1 4.31 90.0 8.8 2.00 1 2.89 89.4 9.1 1.40 1 2.37 91.6 9.3 1.59 1 2.47 88.3 6.6
Pr 0.32 1 1.38 106.3 3.6 0.24 1 1.27 102.4 3.3 0.14 1 1.12 98.0 5.1 0.09 1 1.08 99.5 4.3
Nd 1.22 1 2.29 106.4 3.6 0.89 1 1.86 96.8 4.2 0.48 1 1.47 98.7 5.3 0.28 1 1.33 104.7 5.8
Sm 0.28 1 1.35 107.3 3.2 0.16 1 1.20 104.1 3.5 0.10 1 1.12 101.9 5.6 0.04 1 1.07 103.8 6.3
Eu 0.04 1 1.13 108.8 2.2 0.03 1 1.09 105.5 1.8 0.02 1 1.03 101.4 2.8 0.01 1 1.03 102.0 4.7
Gd 0.25 1 1.33 108.6 4.7 0.13 1 1.20 106.9 1.0 0.08 1 1.13 105.1 5.3 0.05 1 1.12 107.5 3.0
Tb 0.04 1 1.14 110.3 2.4 0.01 1 1.09 107.3 1.8 0.01 1 0.98 96.8 6.5 0.01 1 0.99 98.0 3.7
Dy 0.30 1 1.34 104.7 5.9 0.09 1 1.14 105.4 2.8 0.06 1 1.10 104.5 3.8 0.05 1 1.13 108.2 3.5
Ho 0.07 1 1.05 98.6 4.2 0.02 1 1.03 100.9 2.5 0.01 1 1.04 102.3 4.1 0.01 1 1.07 105.9 6.1
Er 0.26 1 1.26 99.5 2.5 0.06 1 1.08 102.0 2.2 0.03 1 1.09 105.6 2.9 0.03 1 1.04 101.4 2.8
Tm 0.05 1 1.12 106.2 1.5 0.01 1 1.06 104.7 1.4 ND 1 1.04 104.2 3.6 0.02 1 1.05 103.3 2.6
Yb 0.42 1 1.41 98.9 3.2 0.07 1 1.09 102.0 1.8 0.02 1 1.05 102.5 3.6 0.03 1 1.06 103.6 3.5
Lu 0.07 1 1.09 102.1 1.2 0.01 1 1.02 101.6 2.5 ND 1 1.03 103.3 3.4 ND 1 1.04 104.2 4.2
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江棋 1, 2 , 卢燕湘 1, 2 , 李蕾 3 , 李梅霞 1, 2 , 陈楚国 1, 2 , 赵沛华 1, 2 , 陈勇 1, 2 , 文典 1, 2, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测 2025,16(16): 3-9
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:食品中有毒有害物质分析与监测 2025, 16(16): 3-9
微敞开体系石墨消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定植物农产品中16种稀土元素
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江棋1, 2 , 卢燕湘1, 2, 李蕾3, 李梅霞1, 2, 陈楚国1, 2, 赵沛华1, 2, 陈勇1, 2, 文典1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1 广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所, 广州 510640
  • 2 农业农村部农产品质量安全检测与评价重点实验室, 广州 510640
  • 3 广东农科监测科技有限公司, 广州 510640
  • 江棋(1992—), 男, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为产地环境及食品安全方面检测。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 文典(1988—), 男, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与产地环境监测技术研究。E-mail:
Determination of 16 kinds of rare earth elements in plant agricultural products by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with micro-open graphite digestion
Qi JIANG1, 2 , Yan-Xiang LU1, 2, Lei LI3, Mei-Xia LI1, 2, Chu-Guo CHEN1, 2, Pei-Hua ZHAO1, 2, Yong CHEN1, 2, Dian WEN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-products Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • 3 Guangdong Agricultural Science Monitoring Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510640, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250513006
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目的 建立微敞开体系石墨消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)测定植物农产品中16种稀土元素的方法。方法 采用微敞开石墨消解作为前处理方法, 考察酸消解体系、消解时间、基质元素(K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Mn2+)对稀土元素测定的影响。结果 研究表明, 在HNO3+HClO4混酸基础上加入HF有利于样品完全消解, 有效提高稀土元素回收率。基质元素与稀土元素浓度之比达4个数量级时, 对稀土元素测定也无明显干扰。在最佳条件下, 标准曲线在0~50 μg/L内具有良好的线性关系(r≥0.999), 方法检出限为0.001~0.006 mg/kg。选用国家标准物质进行验证, 各稀土元素的测定结果基本与参考值吻合。同时对实际样品进行测定, 回收率为83.2%~110.3%, 相对标准偏差为1.0%~10.4%。结论 方法具有操作简单, 抗干扰性强, 准确度高等优点, 适用于批量植物农产品中稀土元素的快速测定。

微敞开体系  /  电感耦合等离子体质谱法  /  稀土元素  /  基质干扰  /  植物农产品

Objective To develop for the determination of 16 kinds of rare earth elements in plant agricultural products by micro-open graphite digestion coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Methods Using the micro-open graphite digestion as the pretreatment method, the effects of acid digestion system, digestion time and matrix elements (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+) on rare earth elements were investigated. Results The results showed that adding HF to the HNO3+HClO4 mixed acid system facilitated complete digestion of samples and significantly improved the recovery of rare earth elements. When the concentration ratio of matrix elements to rare earth elements reached 4 orders of magnitude, there was no significant interference in the determination of rare earth elements. Under optimal conditions, the standard curves exhibited good linear relationships (r≥0.999) in the range of 0-50 μg/L, with the limits of detection was 0.001-0.006 mg/kg. The method was validated using national standard reference materials, and the determination results of each rare earth element were generally consistent with the reference values. The recoveries of spiked samples were 83.2%-110.3% and the relative standard deviations were 1.0%-10.4%. Conclusion The method features simple operation, strong anti-interference capability, and high accuracy, making it suitable for rapid determination of rare earth elements in batch plant agricultural products.

micro-open  /  inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry  /  rare earth elements  /  matrix interference  /  plant agricultural products
江棋, 卢燕湘, 李蕾, 李梅霞, 陈楚国, 赵沛华, 陈勇, 文典. 微敞开体系石墨消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定植物农产品中16种稀土元素. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (16) : 3 -9 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250513006
Qi JIANG, Yan-Xiang LU, Lei LI, Mei-Xia LI, Chu-Guo CHEN, Pei-Hua ZHAO, Yong CHEN, Dian WEN. Determination of 16 kinds of rare earth elements in plant agricultural products by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with micro-open graphite digestion[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (16) : 3 -9 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250513006
稀土元素通常指钪(Sc)、钇(Y)、镧(La)、铈(Ce)、镨(Pr)、钕(Nd)、钐(Sm)、铕(Eu)、钆(Gd)、铽(Tb)、镝(Dy)、钬(Ho)、铒(Er)、铥(Tm)、镱(Yb)、镥(Lu) 16种元素[1]。稀土元素因其优异的化学、磁性和发光性质在电子、催化剂、半导体、农业等领域中得到广泛使用[2-4]。近年来稀土资源的快速开采与应用, 导致水体、土壤中的稀土浓度明显增加[5]。环境中存在的稀土元素易经过食物链作用在农作物中进行累积, 最终进入人体[6], 带来潜在的健康风险。已有研究表明, 长期摄入低浓度稀土元素可能引发骨骼器官病变[7]和造成儿童智力发育迟缓等健康问题[8-9]。植物性农产品作为人们日常饮食的重要部分, 其安全性关系到人民群众的健康。因此, 准确测定植物农产品中稀土元素含量对确保食品安全具有重要的意义。
电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)具有灵敏度高, 抗干扰能力强, 多元素同时检测分析, 重现性良好等优势, 尤其适用于痕量稀土元素的测定[10-16]。样品前处理过程是影响元素定量检测的关键环节, GB 5009.94—2012《食品安全国家标准 植物性食品中稀土元素的测定》规定电感耦合等离子体质谱法用于植物性食品中稀土元素的测定, 对应的样品前处理为密闭高压消解法与微波消解法, 以上两种方法均采用浓HNO3消解体系。对于基体较简单的稻米、蔬菜等农作物而言, 使用HNO3微波消解法通常能实现样品的完全消解, 确保元素的准确测定。但实际工作中常常遇到采用HNO3或HNO3+H2O2消解仍不能将硅含量较高的农作物完全消解的情况[17], 由于硅成分对稀土元素具有一定的包裹作用[18-19], 会影响测定结果的准确性。因此, 需要针对酸消解体系进行优化。此外, 微波消解与密闭高压消解过程烦琐、用时长且高压操作下存在一定的风险, 限制了其在高通量检测中的应用。
本研究基于自主设计的新型微敞开消解管和石墨消解法提出了“微敞开消解体系”系列方法, 已广泛用于土壤及植物性食品中重金属等的测定[20-22]。该系列方法具有准确、高效、简单、标准化的特点, 适用于大批量样品的准确快速前处理。本研究基于微敞开消解体系, 研究了HF用量、消解时间及基质元素对植物农产品中稀土测定的影响, 建立了一种准确快速测定植物农产品中16种稀土元素含量的方法, 以期为农作物质量与安全提供可靠的技术支撑。
7700电感耦合等离子质谱仪(美国Agilent公司); ED54 itouch石墨消解仪(中国莱伯泰科公司); Milli-Q纯水机(德国默克Millipore公司); TLE104万分之一电子天平(美国Mettler Toledo公司); 特制消解管(高10 cm, 直径3 cm, 管盖侧上方开了1个约0.8 mm的直径圆孔, 中国莱伯泰科公司)。
HNO3(超级纯, 德国默克公司); HF(优级纯, 广州试剂厂); HClO4(环保级, 成都科隆化学品有限公司); 铼(Re)、铑(Rh)内标元素溶液(质量浓度1000 mg/L, 国家有色金属分析中心); 稀土多元素标准溶液(质量浓度100 μg/mL, 北京百灵威科技有限公司)。
植物样品标准物质GSB-6a(菠菜)、GSB-11(柑橘叶)、GSB-12(豆角)、GSB-7a(茶叶)、GSB-30a(茶叶)均购自中国地质科学院物化探所。
ICP-MS采用了高基体进样系统有利于提升仪器的耐盐性与测定稳定性。仪器的的工作参数为: 射频功率1500 W, 采样深度8 mm, 稀释气流量为0.5 L/min, 载气流量0.55 L/min, 氦气流量4.2 mL/min, 描次数50次, 每个样品读数3次, 采样锥与截取锥均为铂锥。稀土多元素的测定质量数见表1
稀土元素混合标准溶液配制: 移取500 μL的稀土元素混合标准溶液(100 mg/L), 配制成质量浓度为1 mg/L (2% HNO3介质)标准储备液, 然后将其逐级稀释成校准工作曲线溶液, 质量浓度分别为: 0、0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0、5.0、10.0、50.0 μg/L。
内标溶液配制: 分别移取500 μL 103Rh、500 μL 185Re (1000 mg/L)的内标液于500 mL的容量瓶中, 配制成质量浓度为1 μg/mL (2% HNO3介质)的混合内标溶液。
称取0.25 g样品(精确至0.1 mg)于聚四氟乙烯消解管中, 分别加入8 mL HClO4-HNO3混合酸(4:1, V:V)与1 mL HF, 最后加盖转移至石墨消解仪中。采用梯度升温消解程序消解样品: 初始阶段用15 min从室温升至120 ℃, 后恒温维持0.5 h; 然后用15 min升至150 ℃, 并维持0.5 h; 最后阶段升至210 ℃, 并恒温保持135 min。消解结束后取出消解管冷却, 然后敲击消解管底数次, 使盖上的液滴归集至管中, 将管中溶液转移至25 mL塑料管中用超纯水定容, 最后用103Rh、185Re双内标上机进行ICP-MS分析。
分别利用WPS Office 2019版与Origin 2020进行数据分析及图形绘制处理。
植物农产品中通常含有少量的硅酸盐, 常规的酸消解(HNO3、HClO4、H2O2)难以将其完全分解, 会导致一些元素测定结果偏低[23]。陈珍等[24]研究发现在微波消解中加入HF能提高植物农产品中稀土元素回收率。本研究选择GSB-11(柑橘叶)、GSB-12(豆角)两种标准物质, 探究在HNO3+HClO4微敞开消解体系基础上分别加入0、0.5、1.0 mL HF对样品中稀土元素测定的影响, 结果如图1所示。由图1可得, 加入不同HF量对稀土回收率有一定的影响, 加入0、0.5、1.0 mL HF作用下, GSB-11(柑橘叶)中各稀土元素回收率分别为56.7%~99.5%、61.5%~115.4%、63.2%~113.2%; GSB-12(豆角)中各稀土元素的回收率为73.2%~90.3%、83.0%~102.0%、88.5%~111.6%。加入0.5 mL、1 mL HF后各稀土元素回收率要优于不加HF, 尤其重稀土元素Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu回收率显著提高, 说明加入HF能有效改善稀土回收率, 这与王姝婷等[25]研究结果一致。这可能是植物农产品中稀土元素与硅成分存在结合形式, 加入HF能有效促进植物中硅成分分解, 释放其吸附的稀土元素[26]。本研究标准物质GSB-11(柑橘叶)中Eu元素测定的回收率较低, 与袁秀雪等[27]研究结果一致(GSB-11中Eu回收率为63.6%), 这可能与其定值结果不确定有关, 导致测定结果偏差较大。考虑到不同种类植物农产品中硅组分含量不同, 为确保样品消解完全, 本研究选取HF加入量为1.0 mL。
在植物农产品分析中, 消解时间是决定样品能否彻底消解的重要因素。本课题组前期采用HNO3+HClO4体系消解3.5 h能使稻米样品消解完全, 准确测定稻米中8种重金属[28]。本研究选择(GSB-11、GSB-12)两个国家标准物质, 采用8 mL (HNO3+HClO4)+1 mL HF消解体系, 考察消解时间(3.5、4.0和4.5 h)下对样品中各稀土元素测定的影响, 结果见图2。由图2可以看出, 3.5、4.0、4.5 h条件下, GSB-11中各稀土元素的回收率为61.5%~116.2%、65.0%~116.4%、63.2%~117.2%; GSB-12中各稀土元素的回收率为92.5%~106.4%、87.6%~110.9%、84.9%~118.6%。3种消解时间下两个标准物质中各稀土元素回收率均无明显差异, 且回收率在85%以上(GSB-11中Eu元素除外), 表明当消解时间为3.5 h, 样品基本消解完全。考虑适当延长消解时间能降低HF对仪器造成的损伤, 又能确保结果准确性, 最终选定实验消解时间为4.0 h。
植物农产品中含有大量及微量元素如K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Mn2+, 这些元素会对植物农产品中痕量稀土元素的测定造成潜在的干扰[29-30]。因此, 本研究按照实验方法的最优条件进行消解, 探讨了两种质量浓度(103、104 μg/L)的混合基质元素(K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Mn2+)对(0.2、1.0 μg/L)两种质量浓度标准溶液中16种稀土元素回收率的影响, 结果见图3。如图3所示, 两种质量浓度基质元素作用下0.2 μg/L、1.0 μg/L的稀土溶液中绝大部分稀土元素的回收率达到90%以上。结果表明, 基质元素与稀土元素的浓度比值达到4个数量级时, 对稀土元素的测定基本没有干扰。一般来说, 植物性农产品消解后的基质元素浓度一般不会超过本研究中设置的最高浓度, 表明该方法在较复杂基质条件下仍具有良好的抗干扰能力, 可保证测定结果的可靠性与准确性。
本研究中, 在0~50 μg/L的质量浓度范围内, 各稀土元素的线性关系良好, 相关系数R≥0.999。基于实验建立的方法连续测定7个空白溶液样品, 计算Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu各元素的标准偏差(s), 以3s计算各元素的方法检出限, 10s计算方法定量限, 结果见表2。16种稀土元素的方法检出限为0.001~0.006 mg/kg, 该方法灵敏度较高, 能有效满足植物农产品中痕量稀土元素的检测需求。
为进一步验证方法的准确度, 选择3种国家一级标准物质GSB-6a(菠菜)、GSB-7a(茶叶)、GSB-30a(茶叶), 按照优化的实验条件进行消解, 每个标准物质测定分析3次, 测定值与标准物质参考值见表3。从表3可知, 除GSB-6a中Tm、Yb元素测定值较标准值偏差为32.7%、32.3%, GSB-30a中Eu元素测定值较标准值偏差为32.0%较大外, 3种标准物质中绝大部分稀土元素的测定结果与标准值基本一致, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)在1.4%~11.6%之间, 表明本方法稳定可靠, 能满足实际植物农产品的检测要求。
为进一步评估方法的适用性, 采用建立的方法对单丛茶、蕉岭绿茶、芥菜、玉米4种不同植物农产品中16种稀土元素进行测定分析。同时添加质量浓度为1.0 μg/L的稀土多元素标准溶液进行加标回收实验, 每个样品重复测定3次, 结果见表4。从表4可知, 4种植物农产品中稀土元素含量较低, 检出值为0.01~3.41 μg/L, 均在质量安全允许值内。此外, 样品中稀土元素的加标回收率为83.2%~110.3%, RSDs为1.0%~10.4%, 表明该方法稳定可靠, 可应用于不同植物农产品中稀土多元素的检测分析。
本研究基于自主设计的消解管, 通过优化酸消解体系、消解时间等条件, 建立了一种快速测定植物农产品中16种稀土元素的微敞开体系-石墨消解电感耦合等离子体质谱法。最佳的样品前处理条件为加入8 mL (HNO3+HClO4)+1 mL HF, 消解时间为4.0 h。该方法具有操作流程简单、抗干扰能力较强, 测定结果准确可靠等优点, 可满足批量植物农产品中稀土元素的检测。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0116300)
  • 广东省科技计划项目(2022A0505090002)
  • 广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所所长基金项目(202205)
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2025年第16卷第16期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250513006
  • 接收时间:2025-05-13
  • 首发时间:2026-01-13
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-13
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0116300)
广东省科技计划项目(2022A0505090002)
广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所所长基金项目(202205)
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    1 广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所, 广州 510640
    2 农业农村部农产品质量安全检测与评价重点实验室, 广州 510640
    3 广东农科监测科技有限公司, 广州 510640

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* 文典(1988—), 男, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全与产地环境监测技术研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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