Article(id=1152687436984398442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1152687434774000221, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250225001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740412800000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752751700874, onlineDateStr=2025-07-17, pubDate=1747238400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752751700874, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752751700874, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752751700874, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1152687434774000221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='324', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752751700342, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756708585928, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1169283815848555430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1152687434774000221, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1169283815848555431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1152687434774000221, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=216, endPage=222, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1152687437374468718, articleId=1152687436984398442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Determination of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried citrus slices by ultra performance liquid chromatography, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To establish an ultra performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector method to analysis 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried citrus slices. Methods The samples were ultrasonically extracted with 40 mL ethyl acetate for 40 min twice. Vortex-assisted extraction were then repeated twice using 20 mL of ethyl acetate for 10 min. The ethyl acetate extracts were combined, concentrated to dryness in a rotary evaporator at 30 °C. The determination was carried out using an Acquity UPLC HSS C18 SB column (2.1mm×150 mm, 1.8 μm) with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, column temperature of 30 ℃, and detector wavelength of 310 nm. A gradient elution was performed with mobile phase A water and acetonitrile as mobile phase B. Results The 6’,7’-dihydroxybergamottin, epoxybergamottin and bergamottin showed good linearity within 3.00~300.00 μg/mL, 4.32-432.00 μg/mL and 4.12-412.00 μg/mL with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The limits of detection were 0.09-0.17 μg/g. The limits of quantitation were 0.31-0.57 μg/g. The average recoveries with 3 concentration levels were 94.4%-99.1%. The relative standard deviations were between 2.7% and 4.7% (n=6). This method could separate 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried citrus slices well in 25 minutes. The developed method was successfully applied to determine 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in 18 kinds of dried citrus slices and powders. The content of 6’,7’-dihydroxybergamottin was between 1.52 and 159.04 μg/g. The content of epoxybergamottin was between 49.57 and 60.09 μg/g. The content of bergamottin was between 1.49 and 248.71 μg/g. Conclusion The established method has good repeatability and high accuracy, and can be used for the 3 kinds of furanocoumarins determination in dried citrus slices.

, correspAuthors=Rong ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Bing LI, Yan QI, Sai FAN, Dong CHEN, Rong ZHAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1152687459298095267, articleId=1152687436984398442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=超高效液相色谱法测定柑橘类水果干片中的3种呋喃香豆素, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器法同时测定柑橘类水果干片中的3种呋喃香豆素。方法 试样经粉碎后分两次采用40 mL乙酸乙酯超声提取40 min, 再采用20 mL乙酸乙酯分两次涡旋10 min提取残渣, 合并提取液, 30 °C旋蒸至干。采用Acquity UPLC HSS C18 SB色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm, 1.8 μm)分离, 流速为0.3 mL/min, 柱温30 ℃, 检测波长为310 nm。流动相A为水和乙腈, 梯度洗脱。结果 3种呋喃香豆素6’,7’-二羟基佛手素、环氧佛手柑素、佛手柑素分别在3.00~300.00 μg/mL、4.32~432.00 μg/mL、4.12~412.00 μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系, 相关系数大于0.999。检出限为0.09~0.17 μg/g, 定量限为0.31~0.57 μg/g。在3个加标水平下, 呋喃香豆素的平均回收率分别为94.4%~99.1%, 相对标准偏差为2.7%~4.7% (n=6)。该方法能够使柑橘类水果干片中的3种呋喃香豆素在25 min内很好地分离。在测定的18种柑橘类水果干片和干粉样品中, 6’,7’-二羟基佛手素的含量范围为1.52~159.04 μg/g, 环氧佛手柑素的含量范围为49.57~60.09 μg/g, 佛手柑素的含量范围为1.49~248.71 μg/g。结论 本方法具有良好的准确性和重复性, 适用于柑橘类水果干片中3种呋喃香豆素含量的分析测定。

, correspAuthors=赵榕, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 赵榕(1969—), 女, 主任技师, 主要研究方向为食物成分分析评估。E-mail:
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李兵(1983—), 女, 硕士, 主管技师, 主要研究方向为食物成分检测分析。E-mail:

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李兵(1983—), 女, 硕士, 主管技师, 主要研究方向为食物成分检测分析。E-mail:

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Foods, 2024, 13(16): 2517-2538., articleTitle=Extraction and chromatographic approaches for coumarin, furocoumarin, and polymethoxyflavone characterization in foods, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1169272778348835019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, awardId=2020-609, language=CN, fundingSource=中国食物成分监测项目(2020-609), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1169272774485880983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1169272774490075288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, companyId=1169272774485880983, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1169272774498463897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, companyId=1169272774485880983, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京市疾病预防控制中心, 北京 100013)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1169272776616587449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Spectrograms of furanocoumarins, figureFileSmall=nUCoOWy7KGD+mrMO2rUS4Q==, figureFileBig=zKnoZfar8XafR3d1UvSRQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272776742416570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=图1, caption=呋喃香豆素的光谱图

注: a. 6’,7’-二羟基佛手素; b. 异欧前胡素; c. 环氧佛手柑素; d. 佛手柑素。

, figureFileSmall=nUCoOWy7KGD+mrMO2rUS4Q==, figureFileBig=zKnoZfar8XafR3d1UvSRQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272776822108347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Chromatograms of furanocoumarins under different liquid conditions, figureFileSmall=MkB0z5BPwgzyrsNXj2A3jw==, figureFileBig=RrG+kA8Q49wJX9OMeOThGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272776893411516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=图2, caption=呋喃香豆素在不同液相色谱条件下的色谱图

注: a. BEH C18色谱柱, 流动相-乙腈/水; b. HSS T3色谱柱, 流动相-乙腈/水; c. HSS C18 SB色谱柱, 流动相-甲醇/水; d. HSS C18 SB色谱柱, 流动相-乙腈/水; 1. 6’,7’-二羟基佛手素; 2. 异欧前胡素; 3. 环氧佛手柑素; 4. 佛手柑素。

, figureFileSmall=MkB0z5BPwgzyrsNXj2A3jw==, figureFileBig=RrG+kA8Q49wJX9OMeOThGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272776964714685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Chromatogram of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried grapefruit slices on HSS C18 SB column, figureFileSmall=X4VAB97DIsU8uQP07Gz3dA==, figureFileBig=pN9+re2N6V5e7HKYQIyp5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272777031823550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=图3, caption=HSS C18 SB色谱柱分离西柚片中3种呋喃香豆素的色谱图, figureFileSmall=X4VAB97DIsU8uQP07Gz3dA==, figureFileBig=pN9+re2N6V5e7HKYQIyp5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272777115709631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effects of extraction solvents on the extraction amount of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins, figureFileSmall=RaT27KZ/h2eLTwwjeQbEKw==, figureFileBig=UwjC/+VQTG04ZOru1p7u/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272777187012800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同溶剂对3种呋喃香豆素提取效果的影响, figureFileSmall=RaT27KZ/h2eLTwwjeQbEKw==, figureFileBig=UwjC/+VQTG04ZOru1p7u/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272777266704577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of ethyl acetate volume on the extraction amount of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins, figureFileSmall=Nty7uhcYkNnmnaU5n6noZg==, figureFileBig=/1PpPqbo8L5ZShpCu/O1Tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272777363173570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=图5, caption=乙酸乙酯的体积对3种呋喃香豆素的提取效果的影响, figureFileSmall=Nty7uhcYkNnmnaU5n6noZg==, figureFileBig=/1PpPqbo8L5ZShpCu/O1Tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272777421893827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effects of ultrasonication time on the extraction amount of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins, figureFileSmall=3/pqCWDtMywESuqXWxjTgg==, figureFileBig=goG31Gig4k7eEQusDW+Vbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272777497391300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=图6, caption=超声时间对3种呋喃香豆素的提取效果的影响, figureFileSmall=3/pqCWDtMywESuqXWxjTgg==, figureFileBig=goG31Gig4k7eEQusDW+Vbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1169272777602248901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

linear equations, regression equations, LODs and LOQs of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 线性范围/(μg/mL) 回归方程 相关系数(r2) LODs/(μg/g) LOQs/(μg/g)
6’,7’-二羟基佛手素 3.00~300.00 Y=2.98×104X-5.03×104 0.9994 0.12 0.38
环氧佛手柑素 4.32~432.00 Y=3.21×104X-8.98×103 0.9999 0.09 0.31
佛手柑素 4.12~412.00 Y=2.40×104X-7.72×104 0.9992 0.17 0.57
), ArticleFig(id=1169272777673552070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

3种呋喃香豆素的线性范围、线性方程、相关系数、LODs及LOQs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 线性范围/(μg/mL) 回归方程 相关系数(r2) LODs/(μg/g) LOQs/(μg/g)
6’,7’-二羟基佛手素 3.00~300.00 Y=2.98×104X-5.03×104 0.9994 0.12 0.38
环氧佛手柑素 4.32~432.00 Y=3.21×104X-8.98×103 0.9999 0.09 0.31
佛手柑素 4.12~412.00 Y=2.40×104X-7.72×104 0.9992 0.17 0.57
), ArticleFig(id=1169272777770021063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Results of tests for precisions and recoveries of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins (n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 本底值
/(μg/g)
加标量/(μg/g) 回收率/% 相对标准偏差/%
6’,7’-二羟基佛手素 70.98 30.00 97.5 4.2
60.00 96.7 4.3
120.00 98.3 2.7
环氧佛手柑素 98.35 43.20 98.4 3.3
86.40 94.4 4.7
172.80 98.3 4.2
佛手柑素 125.31 41.20 97.7 2.7
82.40 95.6 4.0
164.80 99.1 3.2
), ArticleFig(id=1169272777853907144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

3种呋喃香豆素的精密度和回收试验结果(n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 本底值
/(μg/g)
加标量/(μg/g) 回收率/% 相对标准偏差/%
6’,7’-二羟基佛手素 70.98 30.00 97.5 4.2
60.00 96.7 4.3
120.00 98.3 2.7
环氧佛手柑素 98.35 43.20 98.4 3.3
86.40 94.4 4.7
172.80 98.3 4.2
佛手柑素 125.31 41.20 97.7 2.7
82.40 95.6 4.0
164.80 99.1 3.2
), ArticleFig(id=1169272778059428041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Content of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried citrus slices and powders (μg/g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品名称 6’,7’-二羟基佛手素 环氧佛手柑素 佛手柑素
西柚片1 57.69 58.76 44.36
西柚片2 87.35 49.57 73.16
西柚片3 159.04 60.09 126.69
冻干柠檬片1 Tr Tr 84.57
冻干柠檬片2 Tr Tr 64.10
冻干柠檬片3 Tr Tr 97.66
蜂蜜柠檬片 Tr Tr 38.16
冻干青桔 Tr Tr Tr
香橙片1 Tr Tr Tr
香橙片2 Tr Tr Tr
香水柠檬片 Tr Tr Tr
冻干柚子粉1 1.52 Tr 1.51
冻干柚子粉2 1.72 Tr 1.49
冻干柠檬粉1 Tr Tr 248.71
冻干柠檬粉2 Tr Tr 135.59
冻干柠檬粉3 Tr Tr 54.10
香橙粉 Tr Tr Tr
血橙粉 Tr Tr Tr
), ArticleFig(id=1169272778143314122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1152687436984398442, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

柑橘类水果干片及干粉中3种呋喃香豆素的含量(μg/g)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品名称 6’,7’-二羟基佛手素 环氧佛手柑素 佛手柑素
西柚片1 57.69 58.76 44.36
西柚片2 87.35 49.57 73.16
西柚片3 159.04 60.09 126.69
冻干柠檬片1 Tr Tr 84.57
冻干柠檬片2 Tr Tr 64.10
冻干柠檬片3 Tr Tr 97.66
蜂蜜柠檬片 Tr Tr 38.16
冻干青桔 Tr Tr Tr
香橙片1 Tr Tr Tr
香橙片2 Tr Tr Tr
香水柠檬片 Tr Tr Tr
冻干柚子粉1 1.52 Tr 1.51
冻干柚子粉2 1.72 Tr 1.49
冻干柠檬粉1 Tr Tr 248.71
冻干柠檬粉2 Tr Tr 135.59
冻干柠檬粉3 Tr Tr 54.10
香橙粉 Tr Tr Tr
血橙粉 Tr Tr Tr
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超高效液相色谱法测定柑橘类水果干片中的3种呋喃香豆素
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李兵 , 戚燕 , 范赛 , 陈东 , 赵榕 *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(9): 216-222
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(9): 216-222
超高效液相色谱法测定柑橘类水果干片中的3种呋喃香豆素
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李兵 , 戚燕, 范赛, 陈东, 赵榕*
作者信息
  • 北京市疾病预防控制中心, 北京 100013
  • 李兵(1983—), 女, 硕士, 主管技师, 主要研究方向为食物成分检测分析。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 赵榕(1969—), 女, 主任技师, 主要研究方向为食物成分分析评估。E-mail:
Determination of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried citrus slices by ultra performance liquid chromatography
Bing LI , Yan QI, Sai FAN, Dong CHEN, Rong ZHAO*
Affiliations
  • Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
出版时间: 2025-05-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250225001
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目的 建立超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器法同时测定柑橘类水果干片中的3种呋喃香豆素。方法 试样经粉碎后分两次采用40 mL乙酸乙酯超声提取40 min, 再采用20 mL乙酸乙酯分两次涡旋10 min提取残渣, 合并提取液, 30 °C旋蒸至干。采用Acquity UPLC HSS C18 SB色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm, 1.8 μm)分离, 流速为0.3 mL/min, 柱温30 ℃, 检测波长为310 nm。流动相A为水和乙腈, 梯度洗脱。结果 3种呋喃香豆素6’,7’-二羟基佛手素、环氧佛手柑素、佛手柑素分别在3.00~300.00 μg/mL、4.32~432.00 μg/mL、4.12~412.00 μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系, 相关系数大于0.999。检出限为0.09~0.17 μg/g, 定量限为0.31~0.57 μg/g。在3个加标水平下, 呋喃香豆素的平均回收率分别为94.4%~99.1%, 相对标准偏差为2.7%~4.7% (n=6)。该方法能够使柑橘类水果干片中的3种呋喃香豆素在25 min内很好地分离。在测定的18种柑橘类水果干片和干粉样品中, 6’,7’-二羟基佛手素的含量范围为1.52~159.04 μg/g, 环氧佛手柑素的含量范围为49.57~60.09 μg/g, 佛手柑素的含量范围为1.49~248.71 μg/g。结论 本方法具有良好的准确性和重复性, 适用于柑橘类水果干片中3种呋喃香豆素含量的分析测定。

柑橘类水果干片  /  呋喃香豆素  /  超高效液相色谱

Objective To establish an ultra performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector method to analysis 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried citrus slices. Methods The samples were ultrasonically extracted with 40 mL ethyl acetate for 40 min twice. Vortex-assisted extraction were then repeated twice using 20 mL of ethyl acetate for 10 min. The ethyl acetate extracts were combined, concentrated to dryness in a rotary evaporator at 30 °C. The determination was carried out using an Acquity UPLC HSS C18 SB column (2.1mm×150 mm, 1.8 μm) with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, column temperature of 30 ℃, and detector wavelength of 310 nm. A gradient elution was performed with mobile phase A water and acetonitrile as mobile phase B. Results The 6’,7’-dihydroxybergamottin, epoxybergamottin and bergamottin showed good linearity within 3.00~300.00 μg/mL, 4.32-432.00 μg/mL and 4.12-412.00 μg/mL with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The limits of detection were 0.09-0.17 μg/g. The limits of quantitation were 0.31-0.57 μg/g. The average recoveries with 3 concentration levels were 94.4%-99.1%. The relative standard deviations were between 2.7% and 4.7% (n=6). This method could separate 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried citrus slices well in 25 minutes. The developed method was successfully applied to determine 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in 18 kinds of dried citrus slices and powders. The content of 6’,7’-dihydroxybergamottin was between 1.52 and 159.04 μg/g. The content of epoxybergamottin was between 49.57 and 60.09 μg/g. The content of bergamottin was between 1.49 and 248.71 μg/g. Conclusion The established method has good repeatability and high accuracy, and can be used for the 3 kinds of furanocoumarins determination in dried citrus slices.

dried citrus slices  /  furanocoumarins  /  ultra performance liquid chromatography
李兵, 戚燕, 范赛, 陈东, 赵榕. 超高效液相色谱法测定柑橘类水果干片中的3种呋喃香豆素. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (9) : 216 -222 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250225001
Bing LI, Yan QI, Sai FAN, Dong CHEN, Rong ZHAO. Determination of 3 kinds of furanocoumarins in dried citrus slices by ultra performance liquid chromatography[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (9) : 216 -222 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250225001
呋喃香豆素类化合物是指在香豆素母核苯骈α-吡喃酮的C-6位或C-8位的异戊烯基与C-7位酚羟基环合成呋喃环的一类化合物[1]。呋喃香豆素根据连接在碳环上的位置不同可以分为线形呋喃香豆素和角形呋喃香豆素[1]。呋喃香豆素类化合物天然存在于一些芸香科、豆科、伞形科的植物中, 有帮助植物抵抗一些动物、昆虫和微生物侵袭的作用[2-4]
近年来, 许多体内和体外实验研究表明呋喃香豆素类化合物具有多种生物活性, 如抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌的作用[5]。尤其在抗癌方面, 许多研究表明佛手柑素是具有抗癌潜力的物质。如有研究表明佛手柑素对人胶质瘤细胞具有抗侵袭活性, 对人肝癌HepG2细胞和胃癌BGC-823细胞的具有抗增殖活性等[6-7]
柑橘是芸香科柑橘属植物, 柑橘类水果主要有柑桔、橙子、西柚、柠檬、酸橙等[8]。柑橘类水果由于口感丰富, 风味独特, 深受人们的喜爱。近年来柑橘类水果和果汁中呋喃香豆素的研究成为热点[9-13]。如周胡怿等[14]采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱检测了佛手中包括呋喃香豆素在内的40余种香豆素类化合物。西柚中呋喃香豆素的研究开展最早最引人关注。许多研究报道了西柚汁会与某些药物的相互作用, 如导致非洛地平的最大血药浓度升高[15]。西柚中的呋喃香豆素可能是导致这种作用发生的原因之一[5]。西柚中的呋喃香豆素主要有佛手柑素、环氧佛手柑素、6’,7’-二羟基佛手素等[3-5]。研究表明这些呋喃香豆素可能具有抑制人体CYP3A4酶活性的作用, 而CYP3A4酶参与许多药物的代谢过程, 受到抑制后可能会使血液中的药物浓度升高, 从而导致不良反应的发生[16-18]。近年来柑橘类水果干片和干粉等产品在市场上不断增加, 如用于水果茶或饮料中的西柚片、柠檬片、香橙片、柠檬粉等。但是关于柑橘类水果干片和干粉中这3种呋喃香豆素含量的研究较少。有报道指出西方膳食中呋喃香豆素的来源有西柚汁、酸橙等[19-21]。目前我国膳食中呋喃香豆素摄入量研究较少。因此建立食物中呋喃香豆素的测定方法十分重要, 能够为掌握食物中呋喃香豆素的含量数据, 膳食摄入量评估和膳食指导等相关研究工作的开展提供技术和数据支持。
近年来呋喃香豆素的检测方法主要有薄层色谱法[22]、液相色谱法[23-24]、超临界流体色谱法[25-26]、毛细管电泳法[27]、液相色谱-串联质谱法[28-32]等。薄层色谱法分析成本较低, 但是难以实现多种呋喃香豆素的同时分离定性定量测定[33]。超临界流体色谱法和毛细管电泳法分离效率较高, 但是不够普及。液相色谱-串联质谱法能够对于呋喃香豆素类化合物进行定性定量分析, 但是同位素内标不易获得, 而且分析成本较高。高效液相色谱仪在实验室较为普及, 具有良好的分离和定量能力, 被广泛用于呋喃香豆素的分析中[34], 但是通常分析时间较长。超高效液相色谱柱比高效液相色谱柱粒径更小, 柱效更高, 具有分离速度快、分离度好、灵敏度高的优点。本研究采用超高效液相色谱法建立了柑橘类水果干片中3种线性呋喃香豆素(6’,7’-二羟基佛手素、环氧佛手柑素、佛手柑素)的快速测定方法。为膳食中呋喃香豆素含量研究、摄入量评估、膳食指导等相关研究工作的开展提供技术支持。
本研究测定的柑橘类水果干片和干粉均购自网络销售平台。
ACQUITY UPLC H-class超高效液相色谱仪(配备二极管阵列检测器)、ACQUITY UPLC HSS C18 SB色谱柱(2.1 mm× 150 mm, 1.8 μm)、Acquity UPLC BEH C18 色谱柱(2.1 mm× 150 mm, 1.7 μm)、Acquity UPLC HSS T3 色谱柱(2.1 mm× 150 mm, 1.8 μm)(美国Waters公司); 0.2 μm WHP针头式过滤器(北京纳鸥科技有限公司); Allegra X-22R离心机(美国Beckman公司); ME104E分析天平(感量0.1 mg, 上海梅特勒-托利多仪器有限公司); KQ-100DE超声波清洗机(昆山市超声仪器有限公司); A11研磨机(德国IKA公司); MV07-26多样品涡旋混合器(广州得泰仪器科技有限公司)。
6’,7’-二羟基佛手素(CAS: 145414-76-2, 纯度98%)、佛手柑素(CAS: 7380-40-7, 纯度98%)(北京瑞达恒辉科技发展有限公司); 环氧佛手柑素(CAS: 206978-14-5, 纯度96%, 上海甄准生物科技有限公司); 乙醇、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、正己烷、甲醇(色谱纯, 北京迪马科技有限公司)。试验用水均为超纯水(美国Millipore公司)。
分别称取6’,7’-二羟基佛手素标准品0.0075 g、环氧佛手柑素标准品0.0108 g、佛手柑素标准品0.0103 g, 用乙腈溶解, 并转移至5.0 mL容量瓶, 乙腈定容, 配制成6’,7’-二羟基佛手素、环氧佛手柑素、佛手柑素分别为1.50、2.16、2.06 mg/mL的标准储备液。分别取3种标准储备液各2.00 mL置于10.0 mL 容量瓶中, 乙腈定容至刻度, 配制成质量浓度为300.00、432.00、412.00 μg/mL的6’,7’-二羟基佛手素、环氧佛手柑素、佛手柑素混合标准使用液。分别吸取混合标准使用液10、25、50、100、250、500、1000 μL, 至1.0 mL容量瓶, 乙腈定容至1.0 mL, 制备成6’,7’-二羟基佛手素质量浓度为3.00、7.50、15.00、30.00、75.00、150.00、300.00 μg/mL, 环氧佛手柑素质量浓度为4.32、10.80、21.60、43.20、108.00、216.00、432.00 μg/mL, 佛手柑素质量浓度为4.12、10.30、20.60、41.20、103.00、206.00、412.00 μg/mL的标准系列。
将样品使用研磨机粉碎, 过20目筛, 混合均匀。称取0.5 g样品置于50 mL离心管中, 加入40 mL乙酸乙酯, 超声提取40 min, 每隔10 min充分涡旋混匀。在4 ℃, 10000 r/min 条件下离心10 min, 转移提取液至旋蒸瓶中, 重复提取一次, 随后分两次加入20 mL乙酸乙酯, 涡旋洗涤样品10 min, 合并提取液, 30 ℃旋蒸至干, 加入1 mL乙腈定容, 过0.2 μm GHP有机滤膜后直接上机测定。
色谱柱: ACQUITY UPLC HSS C18 SB柱(150 mm×3.0 mm, 1.8 μm); 流动相: 水(A)-乙腈(B); 流速: 0.3 mL/min。柱温30 ℃; 进样量为2 μL; 检测波长为310 nm。梯度洗脱程序如下: 0~30 min, 90%~1% A; 30~31 min, 1%~90% A; 31~35 min, 90% A。
样品采用3次平行测定, 以检测结果的平均值计算。利用WPS Office软件进行绘图和数据分析处理。
呋喃香豆素是一类非极性较强的化合物, 常使用反相色谱柱进行分离。本研究考察了Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 mm×150 mm, 1.7 μm)、Acquity UPLC HSS T3 (2.1 mm× 150 mm, 1.8 μm)、Acquity UPLC HSS C18 SB (2.1 mm× 150 mm, 1.8 μm) 3款色谱柱对3种呋喃香豆素的分离效果。异欧前胡素也是呋喃香豆素类化合物中的一种, 在平时检测中发现异欧前胡素和环氧佛手柑素属于较难分离的化合物, 并且光谱图较为接近见图1, 如果不能通过色谱分离, 可能会干扰环氧佛手柑素的测定。从图2中可以看出, BEH C18色谱柱不能实现异欧前胡素和环氧佛手柑素的基线分离。异欧前胡素和环氧佛手柑素在HSS T3色谱中的分离度能够达到1.86。HSS C18 SB不仅能够完全实现异欧前胡素和环氧佛手柑素的完全分离, 分离度为3.24, 而且比BEH C18、HSS T3柱都更早完成3种呋喃香豆素的分离。因此综合考虑后本研究选择了分离效率较高的HSS C18 SB色谱柱。从图3可以看出在样品中3种呋喃香豆素也能得到很好的分离, 没有干扰。
本研究对比了甲醇水流动相体系和乙腈水流动相体系对于分离的影响。从图2可以看出两种流动相体系都能实现4种呋喃香豆素的良好分离。异欧前胡素不会干扰环氧佛手柑素的定性定量分析。但是由于呋喃香豆素的非极性较强, 使用甲醇水流动相体系的保留时间与乙腈水流动相体系相比更长。为了提高分析速度, 本研究选择了乙腈水流动相体系。
采用3D检测模式, 对呋喃香豆素标准品进行扫描(图1)。结果表明在310 nm均有较强吸收, 因此选择310 nm为检测波长。当3种呋喃香豆素含量较高时, 增大进样体积会出现峰变形变宽的问题, 可能是由于柱过载引起的, 本研究选择了进样体积为2 μL。
本研究选取了甲醇、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、正己烷5种溶剂作为提取溶剂, 从图4可以看出正己烷对于非极性较强的环氧佛手柑素和佛手柑素提取效率较高, 但是对于6’,7’-二羟基佛手素的提取效率较低。乙醇对于6’,7’-二羟基佛手素的提取效率较高, 而对于环氧佛手柑素和佛手柑素的提取效率较低。在相同的条件下, 乙酸乙酯对于3种呋喃香豆素的提取效率最高。因此选择乙酸乙酯作为提取溶剂。
本研究在取样量为0.5 g时, 考察了采用10、20、30、40、45 mL乙酸乙酯提取后3种呋喃香豆素的含量见图5, 结果表明使用40 mL乙酸乙酯的提取时, 对于3种呋喃香豆素均有较好的提取效果, 因此选择了使用40 mL乙酸乙酯进行提取。
本研究在取样量为0.5 g时, 采用40 mL乙酸乙酯超声提取10、20、30、40、50 min后3种呋喃香豆素的含量见图6, 结果表明3种呋喃香豆素经不同时间的超声提后结果相差不大, 提取40 min效果略佳, 因此前处理选择了40 mL乙酸乙酯提取40 min。
以3种呋喃香豆素的质量浓度为横坐标(X, μg/mL), 响应值为纵坐标(Y), 绘制标准曲线。3种呋喃香豆素的线性方程、相关系数(r2)、检出限、定量限见表1。结果表明, 3种呋喃香豆素6’,7’-二羟基佛手素、环氧佛手柑素、佛手柑素分别在3.00~300.00 μg/mL、4.32~432.00 μg/mL、4.12~412.00 μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系, 其相关系数为0.9992~0.9999, 通过逐级稀释样品溶液, 以信噪比为3和信噪比为10时的被测物的含量作为检出限(limit of detection, LOD)和定量限(limit of quantitation, LOQ)。本方法LOD为0.09~0.17 μg/g, LOQ为0.31~0.57 μg/g, 能够满足实际检测的需要。
按照测定1.3方法进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验, 每个浓度水平平行测定6次, 计算回收率和相对标准偏差, 见表2。结果表明3种呋喃香豆素的回收率为94.4%~99.1%, 测定值的相对标准偏差为2.7%~4.7%, 说明方法具有良好的准确度和精密度。
研究表明西柚中主要的呋喃香豆素是6’,7’-二羟基佛手素、环氧佛手柑素、佛手柑素[4]。本研究在西柚片中均检出了这3种成分。由表3可见, 18种样品中6’,7’-二羟基佛手素的含量范围为1.52~159.04 μg/g, 环氧佛手柑素的含量范围为49.57~60.09 μg/g, 佛手柑素的含量范围为1.49~248.71 μg/g。
本研究建立了超高效液相色谱法测定柑橘类水果干片的3种呋喃香豆素。采用乙酸乙酯作为提取溶剂, 优化了提取溶剂的体积、提取超声时间、色谱柱、流动相, 在25 min内可完成3种呋喃香豆素的分离。本方法灵敏度高, 准确性好, 可以用于柑橘类水果干片和干粉中3种呋喃香豆素的测定, 能够为食物中呋喃香豆素的含量监测工作及相关研究提供技术支持。
  • 中国食物成分监测项目(2020-609)
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250225001
  • 接收时间:2025-02-25
  • 首发时间:2025-07-17
  • 出版时间:2025-05-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-25
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中国食物成分监测项目(2020-609)
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    北京市疾病预防控制中心, 北京 100013

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* 赵榕(1969—), 女, 主任技师, 主要研究方向为食物成分分析评估。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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genus
种数
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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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