Article(id=1217845643788341925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250218001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1739808000000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768286627957, onlineDateStr=2026-01-13, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768286627957, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768286627957, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768286627957, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1217845635080962613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='16', pageStart='1', pageEnd='324', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768286625881, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768287480278, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1217849218753024879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1217849218753024880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1217845635080962613, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=193, endPage=201, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1217845644774003415, articleId=1217845643788341925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Current status and research progress of food-derived Chinese herbal medicines for sleep promotion, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Many foodborne Chinese herbs exhibit significant efficacy in sedation and hypnotic effects, with the advantages of safety, mildness, and convenience. These properties have garnered widespread attention from individuals suffering from insomnia, scientific researchers, and relevant practitioners. Such herbs are predominantly utilized in health foods and ordinary foods. In the realm of health foods aimed at aiding sleep, dosage forms are diverse, and ingredients such as Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, Ganoderma lucidum, and Schisandra chinensis are frequently employed. Within the domain of ordinary foods, a variety of products including medicinal diets, beverages, and snacks are involved, showcasing diverse product forms and production processes. Regarding research advancements, the effective dosages of different food-derived Chinese herbs medicines for improving sleep vary, and their sleep-aid components encompass terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids and other constituents. The mechanisms of action span neurotransmitter regulation, signaling pathway modulation, gut microbiota improvement, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. Nevertheless, there remain deficiencies in the research and product development of foodborne Chinese herbal medicines for sleep aid. This paper systematically summarized the applications and usage rules of foodborne Chinese herbal medicines in sleep aid foods, reviewed modern research on foodborne Chinese herbal medicines and sleep aids, and elucidated the efficacious components and mechanisms of foodborne Chinese herbal medicines for sleep enhancement, thereby providing valuable references for the research and development of sleep aid products based on foodborne Chinese herbal medicines.
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许多食源性中草药在镇静催眠方面效果良好, 且具有安全、温和、便捷等优势, 受到失眠人群、科研人员及相关从业者的广泛关注, 多应用于保健食品和普通食品中。助眠类保健食品剂型多样, 酸枣仁、灵芝、五味子等使用频次较高; 在普通食品领域, 涉及药膳、饮料、零食等多种产品, 且产品形式和制作工艺多样。研究进展方面, 不同食源性中草药改善睡眠的起效剂量有别, 助眠成分涉及萜类、生物碱及黄酮等多种成分, 作用机制涵盖神经递质调节、信号通路调节、肠道菌群改善以及抗氧化和抗炎等。然而, 食源性中草药的助眠研究和产品开发仍存不足。本文通过总结食源性中草药在助眠食品中的应用及使用规律, 回顾食源性中草药与助眠相关的现代研究, 对助眠类食源性中草药的功效成分及作用机制进行综述, 以期为食源性助眠新产品的研究与开发提供有益参考。
, correspAuthors=王若永, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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, authorsList=孙明哲, 郝一铭, 穆慧玲, 陈曦蒙, 白霜, 周嘉欣, 王若永)}, authors=[Author(id=1217864254330422210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mingzhe_s@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1217864254435279815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, authorId=1217864254330422210, language=EN, stringName=Ming-Zhe SUN, firstName=Ming-Zhe, middleName=null, lastName=SUN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 中国人民解放军空军特色医学中心, 北京 100142, bio={"content":"
孙明哲(1987—), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为航空营养与军用食品。E-mail: mingzhe_s@163.com
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孙明哲(1987—), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为航空营养与军用食品。E-mail: mingzhe_s@163.com
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2 Air Force Logistics Department Quartermaster Energy Quality Supervision Station, Beijing 100097, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1217864257757167742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, authorId=1217864257450983522, language=CN, stringName=周嘉欣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2 空军后勤部军需能源质量监督站, 北京 100097)])]), Author(id=1217864257878802566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=wangryafmc@fmmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1217864257979465872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, authorId=1217864257878802566, language=EN, stringName=Ruo-Yong WANG, firstName=Ruo-Yong, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 Air Force Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100142, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1217864258080129177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, authorId=1217864257878802566, language=CN, stringName=王若永, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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Prevalence of food- derived Chinese herbal for sleep promotion in health food, figureFileSmall=kLRMnyOXW8Wdse8zjkiK6w==, figureFileBig=Po9o60N5kiJIaOzIJ6TSEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864261259411789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
助眠类食源性中草药在保健食品中的出现频次, figureFileSmall=kLRMnyOXW8Wdse8zjkiK6w==, figureFileBig=Po9o60N5kiJIaOzIJ6TSEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864261397823838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Herbal number distribution of health food formulations for sleep promotion, figureFileSmall=DPQK60kSg5OryH22AN1j7w==, figureFileBig=Bs/+6/co2ZpTPhplQeHZfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864261557207408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
助眠类保健食品配方药味数分布, figureFileSmall=DPQK60kSg5OryH22AN1j7w==, figureFileBig=Bs/+6/co2ZpTPhplQeHZfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217864261683036542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Statistical table of effective dose of food-derived Chinese herbal medicines for sleep promotion
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 药材名称 | 使用部位 | 评价动物 | 起效剂量
| 给药 时间/d | 睡眠 延长率/% | 睡眠潜伏期 缩短率/% | 参考 文献 |
| 酸枣仁 | 生酸枣仁 | 昆明小鼠 | 14.55 g/(kg·d) | 7 | 214 | 13 | [6] |
| 炒酸枣仁 | 昆明小鼠 | 14.55 g/(kg·d) | 7 | 286 | 21 |
| 灵芝 | 灵芝粉(25%)、灵芝提取物(50%)、孢子粉(25%) | ICR小鼠 | 0.506 g/(kg·d) | 14 | 32 | 31 | [7] |
| 灵芝孢子粉提取物 | Wistar大鼠 | 1.5 g/(kg·d) | 8 | 68 | - | [8] |
| 五味子 | 五味子水煎剂 | Wistar大鼠 | 2.25 g/(kg·d) | 7 | 27 | - | [9] |
| 五味子醇提物 | ICR小鼠 | 0.025 g/(kg·d) | 1 | 106 | 38 | [10] |
| 五味子水煎剂 | 昆明小鼠 | 10 g/(kg·d) | 3 | 33 | - | [11] |
| 茯苓 | 茯苓醇提物 | ICR小鼠 | 0.2 g/(kg·d) | 1 | 117 | - | [12] |
| 刺五加 | 刺五加注射液 | ICR小鼠 | 0.12 g/(kg·d) | 7 | 55 | 37 | [13] |
| 人参 | 鲜人参膏 | ICR小鼠 | 0.2 g/(kg·d) | 22 | - | 73 | [14] |
| 天麻 | 天麻粉 | 昆明小鼠 | 1.2 g/(kg·d) | 20 | 100 | 25 | [15] |
| 百合 | 百合水提物 | 昆明小鼠 | 1.25 g/(kg·d) | 30 | 53 | 29 | [16] |
| 百合醇提物 | 昆明小鼠 | 1.25 g/(kg·d) | 30 | 63 | 20 |
| 枸杞 | 枸杞醋 | ICR小鼠 | 10 mL | 7 | 102 | 37 | [17] |
| 大枣 | 大枣果醋 | ICR小鼠 | 8.5 mL | 7 | 43 | 23 | [18] |
| 首乌藤 | 30%乙醇部位 | 昆明小鼠 | 6.1 g/(kg·d) | 3 | 48 | - | [19] |
| 60%乙醇部位 | 昆明小鼠 | 6.1 g/(kg·d) | 3 | 54 | - |
| 柏子仁 | 柏子仁皂苷 | 昆明小鼠 | 0.6 g/(kg·d) | 5 | 86 | - | [20] |
| 柏子仁油 | 昆明小鼠 | 0.066 g/(kg·d) | 5 | 52 | - |
| 黄芪 | 黄芪水煎液 | 昆明小鼠 | 3 g/(kg·d) | 3 | 39 | 23 | [21] |
| 当归 | 紫花前胡醇当归酯 | ICR小鼠 | 0.025 g/(kg·d) | 1 | 121 | 86 | [22] |
| 地黄 | 生地黄水提物 | SD大鼠 | 0.3 g/(kg·d) | 30 | 25 | 42 | [23] |
| 白芍 | 白芍提水煎剂 | ICR小鼠 | 0.3 g/(kg·d) | 30 | 32 | 15 | [24] |
| 丹参 | 丹参醇提物 | 叙利亚小鼠 | 0.1 g/(kg·d) | 1 | 68 | 36 | [25] |
| 麦冬 | 麦冬水煎剂 | 昆明小鼠 | 20 g/(kg·d) | 5 | 175 | - | [26] |
), ArticleFig(id=1217864261787894157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
助眠类食源性中草药起效剂量统计表
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 药材名称 | 使用部位 | 评价动物 | 起效剂量
| 给药 时间/d | 睡眠 延长率/% | 睡眠潜伏期 缩短率/% | 参考 文献 |
| 酸枣仁 | 生酸枣仁 | 昆明小鼠 | 14.55 g/(kg·d) | 7 | 214 | 13 | [6] |
| 炒酸枣仁 | 昆明小鼠 | 14.55 g/(kg·d) | 7 | 286 | 21 |
| 灵芝 | 灵芝粉(25%)、灵芝提取物(50%)、孢子粉(25%) | ICR小鼠 | 0.506 g/(kg·d) | 14 | 32 | 31 | [7] |
| 灵芝孢子粉提取物 | Wistar大鼠 | 1.5 g/(kg·d) | 8 | 68 | - | [8] |
| 五味子 | 五味子水煎剂 | Wistar大鼠 | 2.25 g/(kg·d) | 7 | 27 | - | [9] |
| 五味子醇提物 | ICR小鼠 | 0.025 g/(kg·d) | 1 | 106 | 38 | [10] |
| 五味子水煎剂 | 昆明小鼠 | 10 g/(kg·d) | 3 | 33 | - | [11] |
| 茯苓 | 茯苓醇提物 | ICR小鼠 | 0.2 g/(kg·d) | 1 | 117 | - | [12] |
| 刺五加 | 刺五加注射液 | ICR小鼠 | 0.12 g/(kg·d) | 7 | 55 | 37 | [13] |
| 人参 | 鲜人参膏 | ICR小鼠 | 0.2 g/(kg·d) | 22 | - | 73 | [14] |
| 天麻 | 天麻粉 | 昆明小鼠 | 1.2 g/(kg·d) | 20 | 100 | 25 | [15] |
| 百合 | 百合水提物 | 昆明小鼠 | 1.25 g/(kg·d) | 30 | 53 | 29 | [16] |
| 百合醇提物 | 昆明小鼠 | 1.25 g/(kg·d) | 30 | 63 | 20 |
| 枸杞 | 枸杞醋 | ICR小鼠 | 10 mL | 7 | 102 | 37 | [17] |
| 大枣 | 大枣果醋 | ICR小鼠 | 8.5 mL | 7 | 43 | 23 | [18] |
| 首乌藤 | 30%乙醇部位 | 昆明小鼠 | 6.1 g/(kg·d) | 3 | 48 | - | [19] |
| 60%乙醇部位 | 昆明小鼠 | 6.1 g/(kg·d) | 3 | 54 | - |
| 柏子仁 | 柏子仁皂苷 | 昆明小鼠 | 0.6 g/(kg·d) | 5 | 86 | - | [20] |
| 柏子仁油 | 昆明小鼠 | 0.066 g/(kg·d) | 5 | 52 | - |
| 黄芪 | 黄芪水煎液 | 昆明小鼠 | 3 g/(kg·d) | 3 | 39 | 23 | [21] |
| 当归 | 紫花前胡醇当归酯 | ICR小鼠 | 0.025 g/(kg·d) | 1 | 121 | 86 | [22] |
| 地黄 | 生地黄水提物 | SD大鼠 | 0.3 g/(kg·d) | 30 | 25 | 42 | [23] |
| 白芍 | 白芍提水煎剂 | ICR小鼠 | 0.3 g/(kg·d) | 30 | 32 | 15 | [24] |
| 丹参 | 丹参醇提物 | 叙利亚小鼠 | 0.1 g/(kg·d) | 1 | 68 | 36 | [25] |
| 麦冬 | 麦冬水煎剂 | 昆明小鼠 | 20 g/(kg·d) | 5 | 175 | - | [26] |
), ArticleFig(id=1217864261909528982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Statistical table of functional component of food-derived Chinese herbal for sleep promotion
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类别 | 功效成分 | 来源 | 参考文献 | 类别 | 功效成分 | 来源 | 参考文献 |
| 萜 | 白桦脂酸 | 酸枣仁 | [27-29] | 生物碱 | 莲心季铵碱 | 酸枣仁 | [27-28] |
| 酸枣仁皂苷A | 去甲异紫堇定 |
| 酸枣仁皂苷B | 酸枣仁碱 F |
| 酸枣仁皂苷元 | 乌药碱 |
| 灵芝酸 | 灵芝 | [30] | N-去甲荷叶碱 |
| 黑五味子酸 | 五味子 | [31] | 山矾碱 |
| 茯苓酸 | 茯苓 | [32] | 木兰花碱 |
| 原人参二醇型人参皂苷Rb1 | 人参 | [33-34] | 油、酯 | 前胡醇当归酸酯 | 当归 | [22] |
| 原人参二醇型人参皂苷Rg3 | 棕榈酸 | 酸枣仁 | [28] |
| 原人参二醇型人参皂苷Rg5 | 3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸 | 远志 | [45] |
| 原人参二醇型人参皂苷Rk1 | 花生四烯酸 | 柏子仁 | [46] |
| 原人参三醇型人参皂苷Rh1 | 亚麻酸 |
| 原人参三醇型人参皂苷Rh4 | 二高亚麻酸 |
| 原人参三醇型人参皂苷Rk5 | 二十碳五烯酸 |
| 原人参三醇型人参皂苷Rg1 | 14-二十碳四烯酸 |
| 芍药苷 | 芍药 | [35] | 谷甾醇 |
| 甘草次酸 | 甘草 | [36] | 油酸 |
| 香紫苏醇 | 丹参 | [37] | 油酸甲酯 |
| 瓜子金皂苷 | 远志 | [38] | 顺式-5-二十碳烯酸 |
| 黄酮 | 斯皮诺素 | 酸枣仁 | [27] | 顺式-11-二十碳烯酸甲酯 |
| 山茶苷B | 其他 | 大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷 | 首乌藤 | [20] |
| 6′′′-阿魏酰斯皮诺素 | 绿原酸 | 刺五加 | [40] |
| 维采宁-2 | 北五味子多糖 | 五味子 | [47] |
| 异甘草素 | 甘草 | [39] | 茯苓多糖 | 茯苓 | [48] |
| 苯丙素 | 刺五加苷B | 刺五加 | [40] | 4-羟基苄基醇 | 天麻 | [49-50] |
| 刺五加苷E | 天麻素 | / | / |
| 异嗪皮啶 | 4-羟基苯甲醛 | 天麻 | [51] |
| 刺五加苷C | N6-(4-羟基苄基)腺苷 | 天麻 | [52-53] |
| 刺五加酮 | N6-(3-甲氧基-4-羟基苄基)腺苷 | / | / |
| 戈米辛N | 五味子 | [41-44] | 光甘草定 | 甘草 | [54] |
| 五味子素 | 人参糖蛋白 | 人参 | [55] |
| 五味子乙素 | 百合肽A | 百合 | [56] |
| 五味子酯甲 | | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1217864262022775203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1217845643788341925, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
助眠类食源性中草药功效成分统计表
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类别 | 功效成分 | 来源 | 参考文献 | 类别 | 功效成分 | 来源 | 参考文献 |
| 萜 | 白桦脂酸 | 酸枣仁 | [27-29] | 生物碱 | 莲心季铵碱 | 酸枣仁 | [27-28] |
| 酸枣仁皂苷A | 去甲异紫堇定 |
| 酸枣仁皂苷B | 酸枣仁碱 F |
| 酸枣仁皂苷元 | 乌药碱 |
| 灵芝酸 | 灵芝 | [30] | N-去甲荷叶碱 |
| 黑五味子酸 | 五味子 | [31] | 山矾碱 |
| 茯苓酸 | 茯苓 | [32] | 木兰花碱 |
| 原人参二醇型人参皂苷Rb1 | 人参 | [33-34] | 油、酯 | 前胡醇当归酸酯 | 当归 | [22] |
| 原人参二醇型人参皂苷Rg3 | 棕榈酸 | 酸枣仁 | [28] |
| 原人参二醇型人参皂苷Rg5 | 3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸 | 远志 | [45] |
| 原人参二醇型人参皂苷Rk1 | 花生四烯酸 | 柏子仁 | [46] |
| 原人参三醇型人参皂苷Rh1 | 亚麻酸 |
| 原人参三醇型人参皂苷Rh4 | 二高亚麻酸 |
| 原人参三醇型人参皂苷Rk5 | 二十碳五烯酸 |
| 原人参三醇型人参皂苷Rg1 | 14-二十碳四烯酸 |
| 芍药苷 | 芍药 | [35] | 谷甾醇 |
| 甘草次酸 | 甘草 | [36] | 油酸 |
| 香紫苏醇 | 丹参 | [37] | 油酸甲酯 |
| 瓜子金皂苷 | 远志 | [38] | 顺式-5-二十碳烯酸 |
| 黄酮 | 斯皮诺素 | 酸枣仁 | [27] | 顺式-11-二十碳烯酸甲酯 |
| 山茶苷B | 其他 | 大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷 | 首乌藤 | [20] |
| 6′′′-阿魏酰斯皮诺素 | 绿原酸 | 刺五加 | [40] |
| 维采宁-2 | 北五味子多糖 | 五味子 | [47] |
| 异甘草素 | 甘草 | [39] | 茯苓多糖 | 茯苓 | [48] |
| 苯丙素 | 刺五加苷B | 刺五加 | [40] | 4-羟基苄基醇 | 天麻 | [49-50] |
| 刺五加苷E | 天麻素 | / | / |
| 异嗪皮啶 | 4-羟基苯甲醛 | 天麻 | [51] |
| 刺五加苷C | N6-(4-羟基苄基)腺苷 | 天麻 | [52-53] |
| 刺五加酮 | N6-(3-甲氧基-4-羟基苄基)腺苷 | / | / |
| 戈米辛N | 五味子 | [41-44] | 光甘草定 | 甘草 | [54] |
| 五味子素 | 人参糖蛋白 | 人参 | [55] |
| 五味子乙素 | 百合肽A | 百合 | [56] |
| 五味子酯甲 | | | |
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