Article(id=1215670322892820638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1215670311140381365, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250214004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1739462400000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767767991039, onlineDateStr=2026-01-07, pubDate=1753372800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767767991039, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767767991039, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767767991039, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1215670311140381365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='14', pageStart='1', pageEnd='326', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767767988237, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767970098618, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1216518023599538606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1215670311140381365, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1216518023599538607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1215670311140381365, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=72, endPage=78, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1215670324373410090, articleId=1215670322892820638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Analysis of the etiological surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District, Beijing from 2018 to 2023, columnId=1215670312151208635, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Special Topic: Food Safety Risk Monitoring and Assessment in Beijing, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To grasp the distribution and epidemic characteristics of the pathogen spectrum of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District, Beijing. Methods From 2018 to 2023, stool samples were collected from patients with foodborne diseases in two sentinel hospitals in Yanqing District of Beijing to isolate and culture intestinal pathogens and detect norovirus nucleic acid, and the test results were analyzed. Results From 2018 to 2023, a total of 1644 case samples were collected, and 285 pathogen strains were detected, with a total detection rate of 17.34%. The composition ratio of the pathogen spectrum from high to low was as follows: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli 41.40%, norovirus 22.11%, Salmonella 16.49%, Campylobacter 15.44%, Vibrio parahaemolyticus 4.21%, Vibrio vulnificus 0.35%, and Shigella was not detected. A total of 270 infected cases were detected, with a mixed infection rate of 5.56%. The pathogen spectrum had annual variation characteristics. The peak detection period for bacterial foodborne diseases was summer and autumn, while norovirus was detected throughout the year. The male-to-female ratio was 1.26:1. The high-risk group was the 25-<45 age group. Among occupations, the infection rate was highest among cadres and staff. Among them, the detection rates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and norovirus were the highest among cadres and staff, while the detection rate of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was the highest among catering and food industry personnel. The suspected exposure foods causing the highest to lowest positive rates of pathogens were beverages and frozen desserts, meat and meat products and other foods. Among them, aquatic animals and their products had the highest detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, beverages and frozen desserts had the highest detection rate of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, and unknown foods had the highest detection rate of norovirus. Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District of Beijing from 2018 to 2023 has regional characteristics. The prevention of foodborne diseases cause by consumption of beverages and frozen beverages, aquatic animals and their products, meat and meat products in people aged 25-<45 years in summer and autumn, and the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus should be focused on monitoring, so as to provide scientific basis for public health decision-making in this area, protect the people’s rights and interests in health.

, correspAuthors=Yun-Kui SHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Shu-Min REN, Fan LIU, Lin-Lin ZHAO, Jing CHEN, Yan CHEN, Fei DI, Yun-Kui SHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1215670324855755098, articleId=1215670322892820638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原学监测结果分析, columnId=1215670313522746049, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=专题:北京市食品安全风险监测与评估, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 掌握北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原谱分布和流行特征。方法 2018—2023年采集北京市延庆区2家哨点医院食源性疾病患者便样本, 对其进行肠道病原菌分离培养和诺如病毒核酸检测, 对检测结果进行分析。结果 2018—2023年共采集病例样本1644份, 检出病原体285株, 总检出率为17.34%。病原谱构成比由高到低依次为致泻性大肠埃希菌41.40%、诺如病毒22.11%、沙门氏菌16.49%、弯曲菌15.44%、副溶血性弧菌4.21%、创伤弧菌0.35%, 志贺氏菌未检出。检出270例感染者, 混合感染占5.56%。病原谱具有年度变化特征, 细菌性食源性疾病检出高峰期为夏秋季, 诺如病毒在全年均有检出。男女性别比为1.26:1, 高发人群为25~<45岁组, 职业以干部职员感染占比最高, 其中副溶血性弧菌和诺如病毒在干部职员中的检出率最高, 致泻性大肠埃希菌在餐饮食品业人员检出率最高。造成病原体阳性率由高到低的可疑暴露食品依次为饮料与冷冻饮品、肉与肉制品、其他食品等, 其中水产动物及其制品造成副溶血性弧菌检出率最高, 饮料与冷冻饮品类造成致泻性大肠埃希菌检出率最高, 不明食物造成诺如病毒检出率最高。结论 2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原谱具有地域特色, 应在夏秋季重点预防25~<45岁人群进食饮料与冷冻饮品、水产动物及其制品、肉与肉制品导致食源性疾病的发生, 同时重点监测诺如病毒的流行病学特征, 以期为该地区的公共卫生决策提供科学依据, 保障人民群众的健康权益。

, correspAuthors=申赟魁, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*申赟魁(1976—), 女, 主任医师, 主要研究方向为预防医学。E-mail:
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任淑敏(1980—), 女, 副主任技师, 主要研究方向为微生物检验。E-mail:

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Surveillance results of common pathogens of foodborne diseases in Huairou District, Beijing from 2013 to 2020[J]. Capital Public Health, 2023, 17(1): 60-63., articleTitle=Surveillance results of common pathogens of foodborne diseases in Huairou District, Beijing from 2013 to 2020, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215733056674120600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=34, issue=1, pageStart=91, pageEnd=94, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=56, authorNames=韩东方, 俞丹丹, 李晨晨, journalName=预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=韩东方, 俞丹丹, 李晨晨, 等. 2014—2020年金山区食源性疾病监测结果[J]. 预防医学, 2022, 34(1): 91-94., articleTitle=2014—2020年金山区食源性疾病监测结果, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215733056737035161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=34, issue=1, pageStart=91, pageEnd=94, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=57, authorNames=HAN DF, YU DD, LI CC, journalName=Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HAN DF, YU DD, LI CC, et al. 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Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(1): 91-94., articleTitle=Surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Jinshan District, China from 2014 to 2020, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215733056808338330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=30, issue=2, pageStart=130, pageEnd=132, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=58, authorNames=芦丹, 赵畅, 孙伟, journalName=应用预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=芦丹, 赵畅, 孙伟, 等. 2019年北京市昌平区食源性疾病监测结果分析[J]. 应用预防医学, 2024, 30(2): 130-132., articleTitle=2019年北京市昌平区食源性疾病监测结果分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215733056875447195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=30, issue=2, pageStart=130, pageEnd=132, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=59, authorNames=LU D, ZHAO C, SUN W, journalName=Applied Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LU D, ZHAO C, SUN W, et al. 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Research on the importance of food testing to food safety[J]. China Food Safety Magazine, 2022(17): 8-10., articleTitle=Research on the importance of food testing to food safety, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215733058251178910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=21, pageStart=82, pageEnd=85, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=62, authorNames=陈崟珺, journalName=中国食品工业, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈崟珺. 食品微生物污染源与传播途径分析及风险评估[J]. 中国食品工业, 2023(21): 82-85., articleTitle=食品微生物污染源与传播途径分析及风险评估, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215733058322482079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=21, pageStart=82, pageEnd=85, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=63, authorNames=CHEN YJ, journalName=China Food Industry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN YJ. Analysis and risk assessment of food microbial pollution sources and transmission routes[J]. China Food Industry, 2023(21): 82-85., articleTitle=Analysis and risk assessment of food microbial pollution sources and transmission routes, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1215733046888809190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215733046893003495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, companyId=1215733046888809190, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Yanqing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102100, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215733046905586408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, companyId=1215733046888809190, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京市延庆区疾病预防控制中心, 北京 102100)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215733046968500970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215733046972695275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, companyId=1215733046968500970, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Beijing Yanqing District Yongning Town Community Health Service Center, Beijing 102104, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215733046981083884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, companyId=1215733046968500970, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京市延庆区永宁镇社区卫生服务中心, 北京 102104)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1215733050667877167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Detection time distribution of foodborne disease pathogen in Yanqing District, Beijing from 2018 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
/年
病例数 阳性
例数
检出率
/%
沙门氏菌 创伤弧菌 副溶血性弧菌 弯曲菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 诺如病毒
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
2018 331 55 16.62 7 2.11 0 0.00 4 1.21 9 2.72 32 9.67 3 0.91
2019 316 71 22.47 12 3.80 1 0.32 1 0.32 19 6.01 33 10.44 8 2.53
2020 141 13 9.22 1 0.71 0 0.00 0 0.00 3 2.13 0 0.00 9 6.38
2021 180 61 33.89 17 9.44 0 0.00 4 2.22 7 3.89 31 17.22 11 6.11
2022 323 28 8.67 4 1.24 0 0.00 1 0.31 0 0.00 15 4.64 8 2.48
2023 353 42 11.90 6 1.70 0 0.00 2 0.57 6 1.70 7 1.98 24 6.80
合计 1644 270 16.42 47 2.86 1 0.06 12 0.73 44 2.68 118 7.18 63 3.83
χ2 73.170 36.880 5.198a 6.885a 24.860 63.709 24.206
P <0.001 <0.001 0.387 0.153 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1215733050747568944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原体检出时间分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
/年
病例数 阳性
例数
检出率
/%
沙门氏菌 创伤弧菌 副溶血性弧菌 弯曲菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 诺如病毒
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
2018 331 55 16.62 7 2.11 0 0.00 4 1.21 9 2.72 32 9.67 3 0.91
2019 316 71 22.47 12 3.80 1 0.32 1 0.32 19 6.01 33 10.44 8 2.53
2020 141 13 9.22 1 0.71 0 0.00 0 0.00 3 2.13 0 0.00 9 6.38
2021 180 61 33.89 17 9.44 0 0.00 4 2.22 7 3.89 31 17.22 11 6.11
2022 323 28 8.67 4 1.24 0 0.00 1 0.31 0 0.00 15 4.64 8 2.48
2023 353 42 11.90 6 1.70 0 0.00 2 0.57 6 1.70 7 1.98 24 6.80
合计 1644 270 16.42 47 2.86 1 0.06 12 0.73 44 2.68 118 7.18 63 3.83
χ2 73.170 36.880 5.198a 6.885a 24.860 63.709 24.206
P <0.001 <0.001 0.387 0.153 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1215733050827260722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Age distribution of patients with foodborne diseases in Yanqing District, Beijing from 2018 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄
/岁
病例数 阳性
例数
检出率
/%
沙门氏菌 创伤弧菌 副溶血性弧菌 弯曲菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 诺如病毒
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
0~<2 170 15 8.82 7 4.12 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 8 4.71 1 0.59
2~<5 68 11 16.18 4 5.88 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 1.47 5 7.35 1 1.47
5~<15 70 6 8.57 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 1.43 5 7.14 0 0.00
15~<25 174 35 20.11 2 1.15 0 0.00 2 1.15 7 4.02 16 9.20 9 5.17
25~<45 442 107 24.21 16 3.62 0 0.00 8 1.81 20 4.52 45 10.18 28 6.33
45~<65 444 69 15.54 13 2.93 0 0.00 2 0.45 13 2.93 26 5.86 17 3.83
≥65 276 27 9.78 5 1.81 1 0.36 0 0.00 2 0.72 13 4.71 7 2.54
合计 1644 270 16.42 47 2.86 1 0.06 12 0.73 44 2.68 118 7.18 63 3.83
χ2 40.663 8.759a 7.809a 8.678a 17.432 12.296 18.291
P <0.001 0.157 0.461 0.101 0.005 0.056 0.006
), ArticleFig(id=1215733050902758196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病患者年龄分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄
/岁
病例数 阳性
例数
检出率
/%
沙门氏菌 创伤弧菌 副溶血性弧菌 弯曲菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 诺如病毒
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
0~<2 170 15 8.82 7 4.12 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 8 4.71 1 0.59
2~<5 68 11 16.18 4 5.88 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 1.47 5 7.35 1 1.47
5~<15 70 6 8.57 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 1.43 5 7.14 0 0.00
15~<25 174 35 20.11 2 1.15 0 0.00 2 1.15 7 4.02 16 9.20 9 5.17
25~<45 442 107 24.21 16 3.62 0 0.00 8 1.81 20 4.52 45 10.18 28 6.33
45~<65 444 69 15.54 13 2.93 0 0.00 2 0.45 13 2.93 26 5.86 17 3.83
≥65 276 27 9.78 5 1.81 1 0.36 0 0.00 2 0.72 13 4.71 7 2.54
合计 1644 270 16.42 47 2.86 1 0.06 12 0.73 44 2.68 118 7.18 63 3.83
χ2 40.663 8.759a 7.809a 8.678a 17.432 12.296 18.291
P <0.001 0.157 0.461 0.101 0.005 0.056 0.006
), ArticleFig(id=1215733051011810103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Occupational distribution of patients with foodborne disease in Yanqing District, Beijing from 2018 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
职业 病例数 阳性
例数
检出率
/%
沙门氏菌 创伤弧菌 副溶血性弧菌 弯曲菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 诺如病毒
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
家务及待业 192 24 12.50 6 3.13 0 0.00 0 0.00 5 2.60 8 4.17 8 4.17
干部职员 194 54 27.84 6 3.09 0 0.00 6 3.09 10 5.15 23 11.86 15 7.73
离退人员 119 21 17.65 5 4.20 0 0.00 0 0.00 3 2.52 9 7.56 7 5.88
儿童 255 28 10.98 11 4.31 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.39 15 5.88 2 0.78
农民 375 47 12.53 7 1.87 1 0.27 1 0.27 11 2.93 16 4.27 12 3.20
学生 140 22 15.71 3 2.14 0 0.00 0 0.00 6 4.29 11 7.86 3 2.14
工人 89 17 19.10 2 2.25 0 0.00 2 2.25 1 1.12 9 10.11 3 3.37
餐饮食品业 16 3 18.75 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 2 12.50 1 6.25
其他 264 54 20.45 7 2.65 0 0.00 3 1.14 7 2.65 25 9.47 12 4.55
合计 1644 270 16.42 47 2.86 1 0.06 12 0.73 44 2.68 118 7.18 63 3.83
χ2 34.032 4.526a 10.350a 17.083a 12.627a 18.433 18.010
P <0.001 0.779 1.000 0.004 0.097 0.018 0.021
), ArticleFig(id=1215733051125056311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病患者职业分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
职业 病例数 阳性
例数
检出率
/%
沙门氏菌 创伤弧菌 副溶血性弧菌 弯曲菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 诺如病毒
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
家务及待业 192 24 12.50 6 3.13 0 0.00 0 0.00 5 2.60 8 4.17 8 4.17
干部职员 194 54 27.84 6 3.09 0 0.00 6 3.09 10 5.15 23 11.86 15 7.73
离退人员 119 21 17.65 5 4.20 0 0.00 0 0.00 3 2.52 9 7.56 7 5.88
儿童 255 28 10.98 11 4.31 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.39 15 5.88 2 0.78
农民 375 47 12.53 7 1.87 1 0.27 1 0.27 11 2.93 16 4.27 12 3.20
学生 140 22 15.71 3 2.14 0 0.00 0 0.00 6 4.29 11 7.86 3 2.14
工人 89 17 19.10 2 2.25 0 0.00 2 2.25 1 1.12 9 10.11 3 3.37
餐饮食品业 16 3 18.75 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 2 12.50 1 6.25
其他 264 54 20.45 7 2.65 0 0.00 3 1.14 7 2.65 25 9.47 12 4.55
合计 1644 270 16.42 47 2.86 1 0.06 12 0.73 44 2.68 118 7.18 63 3.83
χ2 34.032 4.526a 10.350a 17.083a 12.627a 18.433 18.010
P <0.001 0.779 1.000 0.004 0.097 0.018 0.021
), ArticleFig(id=1215733051200553784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Food with suspected exposure distribution of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District, Beijing from 2018 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食品种类 病例数 阳性
例数
检出率
/%
沙门氏菌 创伤弧菌 副溶血性弧菌 弯曲菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 诺如病毒
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
蔬菜类及其制品 494 81 16.40 15 3.04 1 0.20 3 0.61 15 3.04 38 7.69 13 2.63
水果类及其制品 205 28 13.66 5 2.44 0 0.00 1 0.49 6 2.93 16 7.80 2 0.98
饮料与冷冻饮品 23 6 26.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 4.35 0 0.00 4 17.39 1 4.35
水产动物及其制品 19 4 21.05 1 5.26 0 0.00 2 10.53 1 5.26 0 0.00 0 0.00
粮食类及其制品 57 12 21.05 5 8.77 0 0.00 1 1.75 1 1.75 6 10.53 1 1.75
肉与肉制品 152 36 23.68 4 2.63 0 0.00 1 0.66 7 4.61 20 13.16 7 4.61
乳与乳制品 152 13 8.55 8 5.26 0 0.00 0 0.00 3 1.97 5 3.29 1 0.66
多种食品 390 58 14.87 2 0.51 0 0.00 1 0.26 7 1.79 18 4.62 28 7.18
不明食品 105 22 20.95 4 3.81 0 0.00 1 0.95 3 2.86 8 7.62 8 7.62
其他 47 10 21.28 4 8.51 0 0.00 1 2.13 1 2.13 3 6.38 2 4.26
合计 1644 270 16.42 47 2.86 1 0.06 12 0.73 44 2.68 118 7.18 63 3.83
χ2 19.651 8.431a 13.752a 18.811a 5.095a 20.725a 26.830a
P 0.020 0.397 1.000 0.007 0.763 0.011 0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1215733051280245561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1215670322892820638, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病可疑暴露食品分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食品种类 病例数 阳性
例数
检出率
/%
沙门氏菌 创伤弧菌 副溶血性弧菌 弯曲菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 诺如病毒
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
检出
例数
检出率
/%
蔬菜类及其制品 494 81 16.40 15 3.04 1 0.20 3 0.61 15 3.04 38 7.69 13 2.63
水果类及其制品 205 28 13.66 5 2.44 0 0.00 1 0.49 6 2.93 16 7.80 2 0.98
饮料与冷冻饮品 23 6 26.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 4.35 0 0.00 4 17.39 1 4.35
水产动物及其制品 19 4 21.05 1 5.26 0 0.00 2 10.53 1 5.26 0 0.00 0 0.00
粮食类及其制品 57 12 21.05 5 8.77 0 0.00 1 1.75 1 1.75 6 10.53 1 1.75
肉与肉制品 152 36 23.68 4 2.63 0 0.00 1 0.66 7 4.61 20 13.16 7 4.61
乳与乳制品 152 13 8.55 8 5.26 0 0.00 0 0.00 3 1.97 5 3.29 1 0.66
多种食品 390 58 14.87 2 0.51 0 0.00 1 0.26 7 1.79 18 4.62 28 7.18
不明食品 105 22 20.95 4 3.81 0 0.00 1 0.95 3 2.86 8 7.62 8 7.62
其他 47 10 21.28 4 8.51 0 0.00 1 2.13 1 2.13 3 6.38 2 4.26
合计 1644 270 16.42 47 2.86 1 0.06 12 0.73 44 2.68 118 7.18 63 3.83
χ2 19.651 8.431a 13.752a 18.811a 5.095a 20.725a 26.830a
P 0.020 0.397 1.000 0.007 0.763 0.011 0.001
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2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原学监测结果分析
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任淑敏 1 , 刘凡 2 , 赵琳琳 1 , 陈静 1 , 陈艳 1 , 狄飞 1 , 申赟魁 1, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:北京市食品安全风险监测与评估 2025,16(14): 72-78
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 专题:北京市食品安全风险监测与评估 2025, 16(14): 72-78
2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原学监测结果分析
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任淑敏1 , 刘凡2, 赵琳琳1, 陈静1, 陈艳1, 狄飞1, 申赟魁1, *
作者信息
  • 1 北京市延庆区疾病预防控制中心, 北京 102100
  • 2 北京市延庆区永宁镇社区卫生服务中心, 北京 102104
  • 任淑敏(1980—), 女, 副主任技师, 主要研究方向为微生物检验。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*申赟魁(1976—), 女, 主任医师, 主要研究方向为预防医学。E-mail:
Analysis of the etiological surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District, Beijing from 2018 to 2023
Shu-Min REN1 , Fan LIU2, Lin-Lin ZHAO1, Jing CHEN1, Yan CHEN1, Fei DI1, Yun-Kui SHEN1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Yanqing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102100, China
  • 2 Beijing Yanqing District Yongning Town Community Health Service Center, Beijing 102104, China
出版时间: 2025-07-25 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250214004
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目的 掌握北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原谱分布和流行特征。方法 2018—2023年采集北京市延庆区2家哨点医院食源性疾病患者便样本, 对其进行肠道病原菌分离培养和诺如病毒核酸检测, 对检测结果进行分析。结果 2018—2023年共采集病例样本1644份, 检出病原体285株, 总检出率为17.34%。病原谱构成比由高到低依次为致泻性大肠埃希菌41.40%、诺如病毒22.11%、沙门氏菌16.49%、弯曲菌15.44%、副溶血性弧菌4.21%、创伤弧菌0.35%, 志贺氏菌未检出。检出270例感染者, 混合感染占5.56%。病原谱具有年度变化特征, 细菌性食源性疾病检出高峰期为夏秋季, 诺如病毒在全年均有检出。男女性别比为1.26:1, 高发人群为25~<45岁组, 职业以干部职员感染占比最高, 其中副溶血性弧菌和诺如病毒在干部职员中的检出率最高, 致泻性大肠埃希菌在餐饮食品业人员检出率最高。造成病原体阳性率由高到低的可疑暴露食品依次为饮料与冷冻饮品、肉与肉制品、其他食品等, 其中水产动物及其制品造成副溶血性弧菌检出率最高, 饮料与冷冻饮品类造成致泻性大肠埃希菌检出率最高, 不明食物造成诺如病毒检出率最高。结论 2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原谱具有地域特色, 应在夏秋季重点预防25~<45岁人群进食饮料与冷冻饮品、水产动物及其制品、肉与肉制品导致食源性疾病的发生, 同时重点监测诺如病毒的流行病学特征, 以期为该地区的公共卫生决策提供科学依据, 保障人民群众的健康权益。

食源性疾病  /  病原学监测  /  病原谱  /  流行特征

Objective To grasp the distribution and epidemic characteristics of the pathogen spectrum of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District, Beijing. Methods From 2018 to 2023, stool samples were collected from patients with foodborne diseases in two sentinel hospitals in Yanqing District of Beijing to isolate and culture intestinal pathogens and detect norovirus nucleic acid, and the test results were analyzed. Results From 2018 to 2023, a total of 1644 case samples were collected, and 285 pathogen strains were detected, with a total detection rate of 17.34%. The composition ratio of the pathogen spectrum from high to low was as follows: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli 41.40%, norovirus 22.11%, Salmonella 16.49%, Campylobacter 15.44%, Vibrio parahaemolyticus 4.21%, Vibrio vulnificus 0.35%, and Shigella was not detected. A total of 270 infected cases were detected, with a mixed infection rate of 5.56%. The pathogen spectrum had annual variation characteristics. The peak detection period for bacterial foodborne diseases was summer and autumn, while norovirus was detected throughout the year. The male-to-female ratio was 1.26:1. The high-risk group was the 25-<45 age group. Among occupations, the infection rate was highest among cadres and staff. Among them, the detection rates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and norovirus were the highest among cadres and staff, while the detection rate of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was the highest among catering and food industry personnel. The suspected exposure foods causing the highest to lowest positive rates of pathogens were beverages and frozen desserts, meat and meat products and other foods. Among them, aquatic animals and their products had the highest detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, beverages and frozen desserts had the highest detection rate of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, and unknown foods had the highest detection rate of norovirus. Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District of Beijing from 2018 to 2023 has regional characteristics. The prevention of foodborne diseases cause by consumption of beverages and frozen beverages, aquatic animals and their products, meat and meat products in people aged 25-<45 years in summer and autumn, and the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus should be focused on monitoring, so as to provide scientific basis for public health decision-making in this area, protect the people’s rights and interests in health.

foodborne diseases  /  etiological surveillance  /  pathogen spectrum  /  epidemic characteristics
任淑敏, 刘凡, 赵琳琳, 陈静, 陈艳, 狄飞, 申赟魁. 2018—2023年北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原学监测结果分析. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (14) : 72 -78 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250214004
Shu-Min REN, Fan LIU, Lin-Lin ZHAO, Jing CHEN, Yan CHEN, Fei DI, Yun-Kui SHEN. Analysis of the etiological surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District, Beijing from 2018 to 2023[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (14) : 72 -78 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250214004
食源性疾病是指通过摄食进入人体的各种致病因子引起的感染性或中毒性疾病, 其范围涵盖了从急性胃肠炎到慢性退行性病变的广泛健康问题[1]。食源性疾病作为全球范围内最普遍的公共问题之一, 对人类社会经济发展和公共健康安全构成持续挑战[2]。中国作为人口大国和饮食文化多元的国家, 面临更为复杂的食源性疾病防控形势[3]。随着社会生活方式的转变和气候变化的加剧, 食源性疾病的流行特征也在发生动态变化。食源性疾病的暴发不仅会对个人健康造成重大风险, 临床症状出现恶心、呕吐、发热、腹痛、每天腹泻大于等于3次, 还可能通过人与人之间传播, 导致公共卫生事件, 影响社会的稳定与发展[4-6]。因此, 加强对食源性疾病的监测和检测, 对于保障公众健康、维护食品安全、促进社会的可持续发展具有深远的意义。食源性疾病受不同地域、时空、饮食习惯等影响[6], 故了解区域食源性疾病病原谱的流行特征, 对于制定有效的控制食源性疾病防控策略意义重大。
目前针对北京市延庆区系统性食源性疾病监测数据的分析研究鲜少, 本研究对2018—2023年北京市延庆区1644例食源性疾患便样本进行细菌分离培养、诺如病毒核酸检测, 对检测结果进行剖析, 探讨食源性致病因子的构成和流行变化趋势。选取该研究方向, 旨在建立北京市延庆区食源性疾病的病原谱数据库, 是基于当前食品安全的迫切需求, 为未来食源性疾病的预警预测及精准防控奠定科学基础。
2018—2023年选取北京市延庆区2家哨点医院, 按照食源性疾病的病例定义, 对就诊的1644例腹泻患者采集新鲜粪便标本, 24 h内送北京市延庆区疾病预防控制中心实验室检测。
致泻性大肠埃希菌多重聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)试剂盒(北京卓诚惠生生物技术公司); 诺如病毒GⅠ/GⅡ核酸实时荧光试剂盒(北京卓诚惠生生物技术公司)。
LightCycler480型实时荧光PCR仪(瑞士罗氏公司); Phoenix M50全自动微生物鉴定药敏分析仪(美国BD公司); VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定/药敏分析系统(法国梅里埃公司); QS7实时荧光PCR扩增仪(美国赛默飞世尔科技公司)。
采用《北京市食源性疾病监测工作手册》检验标准操作程序开展检测, 对每份粪便标本进行常见的肠道致病菌分离培养鉴定以及药敏试验, 致泻性大肠埃希菌加测肠毒素, 选取水样便采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测诺如病毒。细菌增菌、分离培养鉴定、PCR反应体系的配制、反应条件、结果判定均按照试剂盒说明书, 在有效期内进行。
致病菌标准菌株来源于中国工业微生物菌种保藏管理中心(大肠埃希氏菌CICC25012、副溶血性弧菌CICC25008、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌CICC25045、伤寒沙门氏菌CICC10871、福氏志贺氏菌CICC10865、宋内志贺氏菌CICC23875、创伤弧菌CICC25009、空肠弯曲菌CICC25010、霍乱弧菌CICC23794), 标本采集、检测过程符合相关生物安全规定。
采用Excel 2016软件对数据进行整理, 应用SPSS 26.0软件对数据进行统计分析。率的比较采用χ2检验、连续性校正或Fisher确切概率法。检验水准α=0.05, P<0.05即差异具有统计学意义。
2018—2023年收集北京市延庆区1644例食源性疾病患者, 共1644份样本, 检出病原体285株, 总检出率为17.34% (285/1644)。病原谱构成比由高到低依次为致泻性大肠埃希菌41.40% (118/285)、诺如病毒22.11% (63/285)、沙门氏菌16.49% (47/285)、弯曲菌15.44% (44/285)、副溶血性弧菌4.21% (12/285)、创伤弧菌0.35% (1/285), 志贺氏菌未检出。检出270例感染者, 其中单一致病菌感染者占74.81% (202/270), 单一病毒感染者占19.63% (53/270), 混合感染者占5.56% (15/270)。
检出致泻性大肠埃希菌5种菌型, 共118株, 其中67株肠黏附性大肠杆菌以携带uidAastA+pic毒力基因为主, 24株肠产毒性大肠杆菌以携带uidAestIa+estIbastA+pic毒力基因为主, 21株肠致病性大肠杆菌以携带uidAeae毒力基因为主, 4株肠侵袭性大肠杆菌以携带uidAipaHastA毒力基因为主, 2株肠出血性大肠杆菌以携带uidAstx1+stx2毒力基因为主; 检出沙门氏菌15种菌型, 共47株, 其中26株肠炎沙门氏菌, 6株鼠伤寒沙门氏菌, 2株查理沙门氏菌, 2株伤寒沙门氏菌, 浦那、乙型副伤寒、阿贡纳、德尔卑、婴儿、林登堡、圣保罗、里森、西翰普顿、密西西比、山夫登堡沙门氏菌各1株; 检出弯曲菌共44株, 其中空肠弯曲菌41株, 结肠弯曲菌3株; 检出副溶血性弧菌12株, 分布于6种血清型, 分别为5株O3:K6, 2株O10:K4, 2株O3:K4, O4:K9、O4:K55、O5:K10各1株; 创伤弧菌检出1株; 诺如病毒63株, 以GⅡ型为主, 占82.54% (52/63), GⅠ型占17.46% (11/63)。
2018—2023年食源性疾病患者病原体阳性率最高为2021年33.89% (61/180), 其次为2019年22.47% (71/316), 各年度间阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=73.17, P<0.001)。沙门氏菌、弯曲菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒在各年度间的检出率差异具有统计学意义, 其中, 沙门氏菌在2021年检出率最高, 为9.44% (χ2=36.88, P<0.001); 弯曲菌在2019年检出率最高, 为6.01% (χ2=24.860, P<0.001); 致泻性大肠埃希菌在2021年检出率最高, 为17.22% (χ2=63.709, P<0.001); 诺如病毒在2023年检出率最高, 为6.80% (χ2=24.206, P<0.001)。见表1
季节分布: 2018—2023年细菌性食源性疾患检出高峰期为夏秋季, 占72.98% (208/285), 诺如病毒在全年平均检出。
1644例食源性疾患病例, 男性为916例, 女性为728例, 男女比为1.26:1。男女间食源性疾病病原体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.374, P=0.541)。
按照不同年龄划分, 病原体检出率组内最高组为25~<45岁、其次为15~<25岁, 不同年龄组病原体检出率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=40.663, P<0.001)。弯曲菌和诺如病毒在不同年龄组间感染率不同, 差异具有统计学意义(χ2=17.432、18.291, P<0.05), 均在25~<45岁人群中感染率最高。见表2
按照不同职业划分, 病原体阳性率由高到低依次为干部职员(27.84%)、其他(20.45%)、工人(19.10%)、餐饮食品业(18.75%)、离退人员(17.65%)等, 不同职业间病原体阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=34.032, P<0.001)。其中, 副溶血性弧菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒的检出率在不同职业间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。副溶血性弧菌在干部职员中的检出率最高, 为3.09% (χ2=17.083, P=0.004); 致泻性大肠埃希菌在餐饮食品业检出率最高, 为12.50% (χ2=18.433, P=0.018); 诺如病毒在干部职员中检出率最高为7.73%, 其次为餐饮食品业人员为6.25% (χ2=18.010, P=0.021)。见表3
在可疑暴露食品中, 造成病原体阳性率由高到低的依次为饮料与冷冻饮品(26.09%)、肉与肉制品(23.68%)、其他(21.28%)、水产动物及其制品(21.05%)、粮食类及其制品(21.05%)、不明食物(20.95%)等, 造成病原体阳性的不同暴露食品间差异具有统计学意义(χ2=19.651, P=0.020)。其中, 副溶血性弧菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒的检出率在不同暴露食品间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。副溶血性弧菌检出率最高的暴露食品为水产动物及其制品, 检出率为10.53% (χ2=18.811, P=0.007); 致泻性大肠埃希菌检出率最高的为饮料与冷冻饮品类, 检出率为17.39% (χ2=20.725, P=0.011); 诺如病毒检出率最高的为不明食品, 检出率为7.62% (χ2=26.830, P=0.001)。见表4
延庆区位于北京市西北部, 本研究通过对2018—2023年北京延庆区1644例食源性疾病患者样本检测结果分析, 初步掌握了北京市延庆区食源性疾病的流行特征, 建立延庆区食源性疾病的病原谱, 对于早期预警和应对食源性疾病暴发具有重要作用, 为开展风险评估和防控策略制定提供科学依据, 具有重要的区域代表性和借鉴意义。
食源性疾病的检测是识别病原体及其传播途径的关键步骤。6年间北京市延庆区食源性疾病病原谱构成主要流行株前两位为致泻性大肠埃希菌、诺如病毒, 与北京市监测一致[6-10]。食源性致病菌仍是延庆区食源性疾病防控的重点, 致泻性大肠埃希菌占首位, 5种菌型均有检出, 优势菌型以肠黏附性大肠杆菌为主, 与全国部分地区及北京市报道一致[11-16], 流行的毒力基因以uidAastA+pic为主, 与北京密云区[11]和朝阳区[12]有所区别。肠出血性大肠杆菌病死率高[13], 致病力强[17], 本研究检出2株, 值得密切关注。沙门氏菌分布于15种血清型, 其优势菌型为肠炎沙门氏菌、其次为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌, 与上海市[15]、北京市[18]、潍坊市[19]监测结果一致。延庆区既往以肯塔基沙门氏菌为优势菌型[20], 表明菌型发生变迁。弯曲菌以空肠弯曲菌为主, 多为散发, 常引起突发食物中毒事件[21-23]。副溶血性弧菌分布于6种血清型, 自新冠疫情以来血清型有不断扩充的趋势[24], 流行优势血清型以O3:K6型为主, 与国内血清克隆群一致[25-27], 其次为O3:K4、O10:K4型。创伤弧菌单株检出, 不能忽视低基数高风险, 防止点状污染演变为灰天鹅事件, 潜在的暴发隐患, 警示应关注致病菌监测的动态变化。
本研究不同年份间食源性疾病差异具有统计学意义(χ2=73.17, P<0.001), 沙门氏菌、弯曲菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒具有年度变化特征, 表明致病因子在不断动态变化。2018—2023年细菌性食源性疾病检出高峰期为夏秋季, 占72.98%。诺如病毒在全年各季节平均检出, 与北京通州区[7]一致, 其风险隐患不容忽视, 基因型以GⅡ为主, 与报道一致, 其传染性强, 传播途径多, 临床以吐泻为主, 易造成环境和食品的污染, 引起暴发疫情, 提示应在食堂、学校等公共场所加强健康宣教, 做好预防措施。
结合延庆区食源性疾病特点, 通过对致病因子的检测和分析, 可以及时识别和评估食源性疾病的风险因素, 包括可能的污染食品、高风险人群以及食品处理的关键环节。食源性疾病高发年龄组为25~<45岁人群, 与北京通州区[7]和怀柔区[28]、上海金山区[29]一致, 青壮年社会活动多, 感染风险高, 弯曲菌和诺如病毒感染人群的年龄差异最为典型。男女性别间无差异。值得关注延庆区不同职业间病原体感染存在差异, 干部职员占比最高, 与北京昌平区[30]监测一致。副溶血性弧菌和诺如病毒在干部职员中的检出率最高, 与消费水平较高、接触污染食品机会较多有关。致泻性大肠埃希菌在餐饮食品业人员中检出率最高, 警示关注餐饮服务业人员在操作过程交叉污染食物造成的风险。
通过分析食品样本中的病原体分布情况, 可以判定哪些食品更容易成为疾病的媒介, 进而对这些食品进行更为严格的监管与控制, 以阻断疾病的传播链[31-32]。本研究发现病原体阳性率由高到低的可疑暴露食品依次为饮料与冷冻饮品、肉与肉制品、水产动物及其制品等, 不同可疑暴露食品间差异具有统计学意义(χ2=19.651, P=0.020)。造成副溶血性弧菌检出率最高的暴露食品为水产动物及其制品, 造成致泻性大肠埃希菌检出率最高的为饮料与冷冻饮品类, 与相关报道一致[6-7], 造成诺如病毒检出率最高的为不明食物(P<0.05), 均提示应关注食品污染带来的食源性疾病暴发风险。
本研究仅选取2家哨点医院, 受采样和检测技术等影响, 存在一定局限性。今后应进一步加强本地区食源性致病微生物的监控和检测频次, 不断提高实验室检测技术水平, 联合市场监管部门做好食品安全监管和健康宣教, 从而更好地控制和预防食源性疾病的发生, 保障人民群众的健康权益。
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2025年第16卷第14期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250214004
  • 接收时间:2025-02-14
  • 首发时间:2026-01-07
  • 出版时间:2025-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-14
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    1 北京市延庆区疾病预防控制中心, 北京 102100
    2 北京市延庆区永宁镇社区卫生服务中心, 北京 102104

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*申赟魁(1976—), 女, 主任医师, 主要研究方向为预防医学。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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