Article(id=1153433691025035646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433686872679135, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250110001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1736438400000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752929621701, onlineDateStr=2025-07-19, pubDate=1744646400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752929621701, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752929621701, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752929621701, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153433686872679135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, year='2025', volume='16', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='322', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752929620712, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757656380159, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1173259152974561742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433686872679135, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1173259152978756047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, issueId=1153433686872679135, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=297, endPage=305, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153433691528352138, articleId=1153433691025035646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=EN, title=Research on stability technology and establishment of storage quality prediction model for Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverage, columnId=1151895321388347923, journalTitle=Journal of Food Safety & Quality, columnName=Food Analysis and Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To improve the storage stability of Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverage. Methods Using suspension stability as the main indicator, the effects of stabilizer composition, ultrasound, and homogenization assisted treatment on the stability of fruit juice beverages were analyzed. Through storage experiments, the changes in quality indicators of cloudy juice at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ were analyzed, and a model was constructed to predict its shelf life. Results The stabilization process of Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice was as follows: 0.05 g of xanthan gum and 0.1 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were added to every 100 mL of cloudy juice, assisted by ultrasonic treatment at 300 W for 0.5 min, and then homogenized at 10000 r/min for 1.0 min. Under these conditions, the suspension stability of fruit juice beverages increased from 12.21% to 38.62%. The storage test showed that at 4 ℃, 25 ℃, and 90 d of storage, the largest change was in comprehensive color difference value (∆E), followed by total acid, while the smaller changes were in suspension stability and sensory perception. It was found that there was a highly significant correlation (P<0.001) between 4 quality indicators, including ∆E, total acid conetent, suspension stability, and sensory evaluation. The model fitting results showed that the changes in quality indicators of fruit juice beverages during storage conform to a first-order kinetic model. According to the sensory evaluation model, the predicted shelf life of beverages at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ was 384.36 d and 153.74 d, respectively. The verification test results showed that the relative error between the predicted storage time of the model and the actual time at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ was very low, only 4.50% and 0.82%, respectively. Conclusion The stability of Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverage can be significantly improved by xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, assisted with ultrasound and homogenization treatment. The established model has high accuracy and can be used for predicting the shelf life of juice beverages.

, correspAuthors=Cuan ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ming-Lei YANG, Yu-Qi SHI, Cuan ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153433715184227316, articleId=1153433691025035646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, language=CN, title=来安花红浊汁饮料稳定技术研究及贮藏品质预测模型建立, columnId=1151895321958773274, journalTitle=食品安全质量检测学报, columnName=食品分析与检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 改善来安花红浊汁饮料贮藏稳定性。方法 以悬浮稳定性为主要指标, 分析稳定剂组成、超声波和均质辅助处理对果汁饮料稳定性影响。通过贮藏试验, 分析4 ℃和25 ℃下浊汁品质指标变化规律并构建模型, 预测其货架期。结果 来安花红浊汁的增稳工艺为每100 mL浊汁中添加黄原胶0.05 g和羧甲基纤维素钠0.1 g, 辅助超声波300 W下处理0.5 min, 再经10000 r/min下均质处理1.0 min。在此条件下, 果汁饮料悬浮稳定性从12.21%提高至38.62%。贮藏试验显示, 在4 ℃、25 ℃下、贮藏90 d, 综合色差值(∆E)变化最大, 其次是总酸, 变化较小的是悬浮稳定性和感官。研究发现, 色差、总酸、悬浮稳定性和感官评价等4个品质指标间存在极显著相关性(P<0.001)。模型拟合结果显示, 果汁饮料贮藏期间品质指标变化符合一级动力学模型。根据感官评价模型, 预测饮料在4 ℃和25 ℃下货架期分别为384.36 d和153.74 d。验证试验结果显示, 模型预测贮藏时间与4 ℃和25 ℃下实际时间相对误差很低, 只有4.50%和0.82%。结论 黄原胶和羧甲基纤维素钠组成的复合稳定剂, 辅助超声波与均质处理, 可显著提高浑浊型来安花红果汁饮料稳定性。所建模型准确度高, 可用于花红浊汁饮料货架期预测。

, correspAuthors=张汆, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 张汆(1970—), 女, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为农副产品深加工。E-mail:
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杨明磊(1998—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为果蔬加工与贮藏。E-mail:

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杨明磊(1998—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为果蔬加工与贮藏。E-mail:

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Biological Chemical Engineering, 2022, 8(1): 83-86., articleTitle=Preparation of curcumin liposome using ultrasound and high-speed shear coupling to supercritical CO2 method, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1173278583402414800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=43, authorNames=牛涵, journalName=杜仲籽油—苹果汁饮料制备及贮藏品质研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=牛涵. 杜仲籽油—苹果汁饮料制备及贮藏品质研究[D]. 郑州: 郑州轻工业大学, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1173278583473717969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=44, authorNames=NIU H, journalName=Study on preparation and ptorage puality of Eucommia ulmoides seed oil-apple juice beverage, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NIU H. Study on preparation and ptorage puality of Eucommia ulmoides seed oil-apple juice beverage[D]. Zhenzhou: Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1173278583704404690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=18, url=https://link.cnki.net/urlid/31.1252.O4.20241118.1500.094, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=45, authorNames=尚晓宇, 黄敏, 公绪平, journalName=光学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=尚晓宇, 黄敏, 公绪平, 等. 印刷样品的可接受色差优化计算研究[J/OL]. 光学学报, 1-18. 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Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2023, 60(3): 996-1005., articleTitle=Shelf life prediction of dried garlic powder under accelerated storage conditions, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1173278579510100644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, awardId=202201, language=CN, fundingSource=2022年滁州市来安县省级农业科技园区科技计划项目(202201), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1173278576129491568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1173278576150463089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, companyId=1173278576129491568, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1173278576188211826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, companyId=1173278576129491568, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.安徽大学生命科学学院, 合肥 230601)]), AuthorCompany(id=1173278576238543475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1173278576246932084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, companyId=1173278576238543475, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. 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注: 不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05), 相同小写字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05), 图3同。

, figureFileSmall=81Y0h7OZnln0lwVx1lvw9g==, figureFileBig=/UYa+XzU0IrK34VPXi+D1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1173278578247615124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of ultrasonic and homogenization treatment on the SS of fruit juice beverages, figureFileSmall=9NjYHILwY/nl2gRdvKNf8w==, figureFileBig=wM4h8mgyeOuf/2mTQFRkdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1173278578302141077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=CN, label=图3, caption=超声波和均质处理对果汁饮料SS的影响, figureFileSmall=9NjYHILwY/nl2gRdvKNf8w==, figureFileBig=wM4h8mgyeOuf/2mTQFRkdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1173278578356667030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Variation pattern of quality index of juice beverages at 4 ℃, figureFileSmall=1drJ3OmGIHMbQIKVbJdPaQ==, figureFileBig=Eg5xTqQ29spteB9S+qb6vg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1173278578419581591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=CN, label=图4, caption=在4 ℃下果汁饮料品质指标的变化规律

注: 图中Y1Y2Y3Y4分别为∆E、总酸、SS、感官评价, 下同。

, figureFileSmall=1drJ3OmGIHMbQIKVbJdPaQ==, figureFileBig=Eg5xTqQ29spteB9S+qb6vg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1173278578495079064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Variation pattern of quality index of juice beverages at 25 ℃, figureFileSmall=fRWRNzdWSkWsDxOQgpGWwg==, figureFileBig=TSqyHZdRtyBlzOxmrZOQiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1173278578574770841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=CN, label=图5, caption=在25 ℃下果汁饮料品质指标的变化规律, figureFileSmall=fRWRNzdWSkWsDxOQgpGWwg==, figureFileBig=TSqyHZdRtyBlzOxmrZOQiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1173278578633491098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Effects of different combinations of stabilizers on the SS value of cloudy juice beverages

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
稳定剂种类 稳定剂用量/(g/100 mL) SS/%
无添加(CK) 0 12.21±0.38f
黄原胶(A) 0.10 24.71±0.96d
阿拉伯胶(B) 0.20 16.91±0.80e
CMC-Na (C) 0.20 24.36 ±0.59d
1/2A +1/2B 0.05+0.10 29.30±0.19b
1/2B +1/2C 0.10+0.10 26.01±0.47c
1/2A +1/2C 0.05+0.10 32.54±0.55a
1/3A +1/3B +1/3C 0.03+0.07 +0.07 29.05±0.29b
), ArticleFig(id=1173278578704794267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

稳定剂不同组合对浊汁SS的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
稳定剂种类 稳定剂用量/(g/100 mL) SS/%
无添加(CK) 0 12.21±0.38f
黄原胶(A) 0.10 24.71±0.96d
阿拉伯胶(B) 0.20 16.91±0.80e
CMC-Na (C) 0.20 24.36 ±0.59d
1/2A +1/2B 0.05+0.10 29.30±0.19b
1/2B +1/2C 0.10+0.10 26.01±0.47c
1/2A +1/2C 0.05+0.10 32.54±0.55a
1/3A +1/3B +1/3C 0.03+0.07 +0.07 29.05±0.29b
), ArticleFig(id=1173278578809651868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Changes in quality index of Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice at different storage temperatures

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间/d E 总酸/(g/L) SS/% 感官评分
4 ℃ 25 ℃ 4 ℃ 25 ℃ 4 ℃ 25 ℃ 4 ℃ 25 ℃
0 - - 1.95±0.01a 1.95±0.01a 38.62±0.21a 38.62±0.18a 9.52±0.12a 9.52±0.12a
10 0.82±0.02a 1.05±0.03a 1.96±0.02a 1.97±0.01a 38.59±0.18a 38.33±0.16ab 9.51±0.14a 9.43±0.11ab
20 0.86±0.01b 1.32±0.01b 1.97±0.02ab 2.01±0.01b 38.55±0.19a 37.86±0.15b 9.48±0.12a 9.31±0.14bc
30 0.90±0.02c 1.56±0.02c 1.99±0.01b 2.05±0.02c 38.47±0.17ab 37.21±0.17c 9.44±0.14a 9.17±0.13cd
40 0.94±0.02c 1.87±0.03d 2.01±0.02bc 2.09±0.02c 38.31±0.18bc 36.78±0.14d 9.38±0.15a 9.01±0.12de
50 1.07±0.02d 2.42±0.03e 2.03±0.02cd 2.13±0.02d 38.12±0.10cd 36.25±0.18e 9.31±0.11ab 8.84±0.12ef
60 1.23±0.03e 3.08±0.04f 2.05±0.02de 2.19±0.01e 37.91±0.15de 35.79±0.14f 9.22±0.11bc 8.65±0.10fg
70 1.47±0.02f 3.46±0.03g 2.06±0.01ef 2.25±0.01f 37.72±0.16ef 35.01±0.17g 9.12±0.14cd 8.47±0.08gh
80 1.64±0.02g 3.82±0.02h 2.09±0.01g 2.29±0.01g 37.41±0.17fg 34.32±0.18h 8.96±0.11de 8.25±0.12h
90 2.32±0.02h 4.51±0.04i 2.12±0.01h 2.34±0.01h 37.24±0.16g 33.17±0.14i 8.83±0.12ef 7.94±0.11i
), ArticleFig(id=1173278578876760733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同贮藏温度下花红浊汁品质指标变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间/d E 总酸/(g/L) SS/% 感官评分
4 ℃ 25 ℃ 4 ℃ 25 ℃ 4 ℃ 25 ℃ 4 ℃ 25 ℃
0 - - 1.95±0.01a 1.95±0.01a 38.62±0.21a 38.62±0.18a 9.52±0.12a 9.52±0.12a
10 0.82±0.02a 1.05±0.03a 1.96±0.02a 1.97±0.01a 38.59±0.18a 38.33±0.16ab 9.51±0.14a 9.43±0.11ab
20 0.86±0.01b 1.32±0.01b 1.97±0.02ab 2.01±0.01b 38.55±0.19a 37.86±0.15b 9.48±0.12a 9.31±0.14bc
30 0.90±0.02c 1.56±0.02c 1.99±0.01b 2.05±0.02c 38.47±0.17ab 37.21±0.17c 9.44±0.14a 9.17±0.13cd
40 0.94±0.02c 1.87±0.03d 2.01±0.02bc 2.09±0.02c 38.31±0.18bc 36.78±0.14d 9.38±0.15a 9.01±0.12de
50 1.07±0.02d 2.42±0.03e 2.03±0.02cd 2.13±0.02d 38.12±0.10cd 36.25±0.18e 9.31±0.11ab 8.84±0.12ef
60 1.23±0.03e 3.08±0.04f 2.05±0.02de 2.19±0.01e 37.91±0.15de 35.79±0.14f 9.22±0.11bc 8.65±0.10fg
70 1.47±0.02f 3.46±0.03g 2.06±0.01ef 2.25±0.01f 37.72±0.16ef 35.01±0.17g 9.12±0.14cd 8.47±0.08gh
80 1.64±0.02g 3.82±0.02h 2.09±0.01g 2.29±0.01g 37.41±0.17fg 34.32±0.18h 8.96±0.11de 8.25±0.12h
90 2.32±0.02h 4.51±0.04i 2.12±0.01h 2.34±0.01h 37.24±0.16g 33.17±0.14i 8.83±0.12ef 7.94±0.11i
), ArticleFig(id=1173278578952258206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Correlation analysis between quality index of Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverage

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度/℃ 品质指标 贮藏时间
/d
E 总酸/(g/L) SS/%
4 E 0.94035**
总酸/(g/L) 0.99187** 0.92818**
SS/% -0.97121** -0.90607** -0.98763**
感官评分 -0.96016** -0.90927** -0.98242** 0.99612**
25 E 0.99146**
总酸/(g/L) 0.99516** 0.98652**
SS/% -0.98933** -0.98211** -0.99406**
感官评分 -0.98976** -0.98424** -0.99593** 0.99871**
), ArticleFig(id=1173278579057115807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

花红浊汁饮料品质指标间相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度/℃ 品质指标 贮藏时间
/d
E 总酸/(g/L) SS/%
4 E 0.94035**
总酸/(g/L) 0.99187** 0.92818**
SS/% -0.97121** -0.90607** -0.98763**
感官评分 -0.96016** -0.90927** -0.98242** 0.99612**
25 E 0.99146**
总酸/(g/L) 0.99516** 0.98652**
SS/% -0.98933** -0.98211** -0.99406**
感官评分 -0.98976** -0.98424** -0.99593** 0.99871**
), ArticleFig(id=1173278579124224672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Dynamic model of quality index changes in Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverages

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品质指标 4 ℃ 25 ℃
Y0 k R2 Y0 k R2
E 0.82 0.0113 0.947 0.82 0.0185 0.988
总酸 1.95 0.0009 0.954 1.95 0.0021 0.993
SS 38.62 -0.0004 0.941 38.62 -0.0016 0.972
感官评价 9.52 -0.0008 0.917 9.52 -0.0020 0.971
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花红浊汁品质指标变化动力学模型

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品质指标 4 ℃ 25 ℃
Y0 k R2 Y0 k R2
E 0.82 0.0113 0.947 0.82 0.0185 0.988
总酸 1.95 0.0009 0.954 1.95 0.0021 0.993
SS 38.62 -0.0004 0.941 38.62 -0.0016 0.972
感官评价 9.52 -0.0008 0.917 9.52 -0.0020 0.971
), ArticleFig(id=1173278579283608226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652044408987649, articleId=1153433691025035646, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Shelf life prediction and storage period verification of first-order dynamic model for sensory evaluation of fruit juice beverages

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度/℃ 贮藏
时间/d
预测贮藏
时间/d
相对误差
/%
预测货架期
/d
4 90 94.05 4.50 384.36
25 90 90.74 0.82 153.74
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果汁饮料感官评价一级动力学模型的货架期预测及贮藏期验证

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温度/℃ 贮藏
时间/d
预测贮藏
时间/d
相对误差
/%
预测货架期
/d
4 90 94.05 4.50 384.36
25 90 90.74 0.82 153.74
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来安花红浊汁饮料稳定技术研究及贮藏品质预测模型建立
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杨明磊 1 , 石玉琪 1 , 张汆 2, *
食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025,16(7): 297-305
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食品安全质量检测学报 | 食品分析与检测 2025, 16(7): 297-305
来安花红浊汁饮料稳定技术研究及贮藏品质预测模型建立
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杨明磊1 , 石玉琪1, 张汆2, *
作者信息
  • 1.安徽大学生命科学学院, 合肥 230601
  • 2.滁州学院生物与食品工程学院, 滁州 239000
  • 杨明磊(1998—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为果蔬加工与贮藏。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 张汆(1970—), 女, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为农副产品深加工。E-mail:
Research on stability technology and establishment of storage quality prediction model for Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverage
Ming-Lei YANG1 , Yu-Qi SHI1, Cuan ZHANG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
  • 2. School of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
出版时间: 2025-04-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250110001
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目的 改善来安花红浊汁饮料贮藏稳定性。方法 以悬浮稳定性为主要指标, 分析稳定剂组成、超声波和均质辅助处理对果汁饮料稳定性影响。通过贮藏试验, 分析4 ℃和25 ℃下浊汁品质指标变化规律并构建模型, 预测其货架期。结果 来安花红浊汁的增稳工艺为每100 mL浊汁中添加黄原胶0.05 g和羧甲基纤维素钠0.1 g, 辅助超声波300 W下处理0.5 min, 再经10000 r/min下均质处理1.0 min。在此条件下, 果汁饮料悬浮稳定性从12.21%提高至38.62%。贮藏试验显示, 在4 ℃、25 ℃下、贮藏90 d, 综合色差值(∆E)变化最大, 其次是总酸, 变化较小的是悬浮稳定性和感官。研究发现, 色差、总酸、悬浮稳定性和感官评价等4个品质指标间存在极显著相关性(P<0.001)。模型拟合结果显示, 果汁饮料贮藏期间品质指标变化符合一级动力学模型。根据感官评价模型, 预测饮料在4 ℃和25 ℃下货架期分别为384.36 d和153.74 d。验证试验结果显示, 模型预测贮藏时间与4 ℃和25 ℃下实际时间相对误差很低, 只有4.50%和0.82%。结论 黄原胶和羧甲基纤维素钠组成的复合稳定剂, 辅助超声波与均质处理, 可显著提高浑浊型来安花红果汁饮料稳定性。所建模型准确度高, 可用于花红浊汁饮料货架期预测。

来安花红  /  浊汁饮料  /  悬浮稳定性  /  品质变化  /  货架期预测

Objective To improve the storage stability of Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverage. Methods Using suspension stability as the main indicator, the effects of stabilizer composition, ultrasound, and homogenization assisted treatment on the stability of fruit juice beverages were analyzed. Through storage experiments, the changes in quality indicators of cloudy juice at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ were analyzed, and a model was constructed to predict its shelf life. Results The stabilization process of Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice was as follows: 0.05 g of xanthan gum and 0.1 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were added to every 100 mL of cloudy juice, assisted by ultrasonic treatment at 300 W for 0.5 min, and then homogenized at 10000 r/min for 1.0 min. Under these conditions, the suspension stability of fruit juice beverages increased from 12.21% to 38.62%. The storage test showed that at 4 ℃, 25 ℃, and 90 d of storage, the largest change was in comprehensive color difference value (∆E), followed by total acid, while the smaller changes were in suspension stability and sensory perception. It was found that there was a highly significant correlation (P<0.001) between 4 quality indicators, including ∆E, total acid conetent, suspension stability, and sensory evaluation. The model fitting results showed that the changes in quality indicators of fruit juice beverages during storage conform to a first-order kinetic model. According to the sensory evaluation model, the predicted shelf life of beverages at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ was 384.36 d and 153.74 d, respectively. The verification test results showed that the relative error between the predicted storage time of the model and the actual time at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ was very low, only 4.50% and 0.82%, respectively. Conclusion The stability of Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverage can be significantly improved by xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, assisted with ultrasound and homogenization treatment. The established model has high accuracy and can be used for predicting the shelf life of juice beverages.

Laian Malus asiatica  /  cloudy juice beverage  /  suspension stability  /  quality change  /  shelf life prediction
杨明磊, 石玉琪, 张汆. 来安花红浊汁饮料稳定技术研究及贮藏品质预测模型建立. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2025 , 16 (7) : 297 -305 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250110001
Ming-Lei YANG, Yu-Qi SHI, Cuan ZHANG. Research on stability technology and establishment of storage quality prediction model for Laian Malus asiatica cloudy juice beverage[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (7) : 297 -305 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250110001
花红(Malus asiatica)也称林檎、沙果, 属蔷薇科(Rosaceae)苹果属(Malus)。花红在中国主要分布于内蒙、甘肃、山西、山东、河北、河南等地[1]。据《中华本草》《本草纲目》记载, 花红具有防暑解渴、消食健胃、生津祛火、清火明目、杀虫解毒等作用[2-3]。来安花红(Laian Malus asiatica)是花红变种之一, 其果实颜色艳丽、皮薄肉脆, 为来安县所特有[1,4]。在《滁州地方志》和清版《来安县志》中均有关于来安花红的记载[4], 是“安徽四大水果”之一。2016年获国家地理标志性产品称号。
7月中下旬是来安花红集中成熟期, 此时正值高温高湿季节, 加之该果实极不耐贮藏, 应尽快加工。来安花红鲜果皮薄多汁、酸甜可口、风味浓郁, 出汁率70%以上, 非常适合加工果汁[5]。果汁可分澄清型、浑浊型和悬浮型3种, 其中后两种富含营养和膳食纤维, 更益于健康, 更受消费者青睐; 而浑浊型果汁易产生沉淀、褐变等不利结果, 导致其稳定性较差[6]。同样, 沙果中含有丰富的多酚物质, 如绿原酸、原花青素、表儿茶素等[7], 这些物质可与果汁中的果胶、淀粉、纤维素等大分子结合, 产生沉淀, 影响果汁稳定性[6-8]。目前, 浑浊型果汁主要通过添加稳定剂, 如黄原胶、卡拉胶、魔芋胶、果胶、阿拉伯胶、琼脂等来提高其产品稳定性[9-10]; 也可以借助一些食品加工技术来改善其稳定性, 如高压热处理[11]、超声波处理[8]、脉冲磁场处理[12]、脉冲电场处理[13]等技术在果汁加工中均有研究。
因此, 本研究以浑浊型来安花红果汁饮料为研究对象, 采用添加稳定剂、辅助超声波和高速均质等技术改善其稳定性。利用不同温度下的短期贮藏试验, 分析果汁品质特性在不同温度下的变化规律, 并通过数据模拟构建模型, 对其贮藏期和货架期进行预测。通过研究, 为来安花红浊汁的加工与贮藏提供依据。
成熟来安花红鲜果, 2024年7月中下旬采自来安复兴国有林场的来安花红园。
白砂糖、木糖醇(食品级, 南京甘汁园股份有限公司); F60果葡糖浆(食品级, 上海广禧贸易有限公司); 维生素C (vitamin C, VC)、黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素钠(sodium carboxymethylcellulose, CMC-Na)(食品级, 河南高宝实业有限公司); 氢氧化钠(分析纯, 国药集团上海试剂公司)。
FA22048电子分析天平(精度0.0001 g, 上海越平科学仪器有限公司); EHA-2108A膳魔师(THERMOS)原汁机[膳魔师(中国)家庭制品有限公司]; NR60CP色差仪(深圳市三恩时科技有限公司); JY92-IIDN超声波细胞破碎机(宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司); BXM-30R立式压力蒸汽灭菌器(上海博讯实业有限公司医疗设备厂); FJ300-SH数显高速分散均质机(上海标本模型厂)。
来安花红鲜果榨汁, 果汁经4层纱布过滤后, 得到原果汁。经感官评价, 确定原果汁与糖液按30:70 (V:V)比例混合时, 果汁饮料感官评价分值最高。将果汁与糖液按比例混合后, 经稳定化处理(添加稳定剂、超声、均质处理)后, 灌装、加热杀菌(95 ℃、5 min)、冷却, 即为来安花红浊汁饮料样品, 备用。
试验用糖液配方为白砂糖50 g、果葡糖浆60 g、木糖醇20 g、柠檬酸0.1 g、VC 0.4 g。将其溶于1000 mL水中, 备用。稳定剂先溶解于糖液中, 然后原果汁与糖液按照比例进行混合。果汁饮料加工工艺流程图如图1所示。
参考文献[5]中的方法, 取适量果汁样品, 经离心(4000 r/min, 15 min)后取上清液, 静置1 h后, 以蒸馏水作对照, 比色测定其在625 nm处的透光率(T, %)。则果汁悬浮稳定性(suspension stability, SS)按公式(1)计算:
SS/%=$\frac{{{T}_{0}}}{{{T}_{1}}}$×100%
式中: SS为样品悬浮稳定性, %; T0为样品离心前时的透光度, %; T1为样品离心后的透光度, %。
采用CIE Lab色差仪进行测定, 色差值分别以L*a*b*表示, 综合色差值∆E的计算公式(2)如下:
E=${{\sqrt{{{(L_{1}^{*}-L_{0}^{*})}^{2}}+{{(a_{1}^{*}-a_{0}^{*})}^{2}}+(b_{1}^{*}-b_{0}^{*})}}^{2}}$
式中: L*1a*1b*1分别为待测样品明暗度、红绿值、黄蓝值; L*0a*0b*0分别为标准样品明暗度、红绿值、黄蓝值。
总酸含量采用GB 12456—2021《食品安全国家标准 食品中总酸的测定》滴定法测定, 以苹果酸计。
(1)稳定剂组成
加入稳定剂, 搅拌均匀后, 灌装、杀菌、冷却。根据产品SS, 选择适宜的稳定剂组合及其添加量。具体稳定剂及添加量如下: 黄原胶添加量(A): 0、0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08、0.10、0.12 g/100 mL; 阿拉伯胶添加量(B): 0、0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30 g/100 mL; CMC-Na添加量(C): 0、0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30 g/100 mL; 稳定剂复配组合: 0、1/2A+1/2B、1/2B+1/2C、1/2A+1/2C、1/3A+ 1/3B+1/3C。
(2)辅助处理
选择超声波和高速均质两种辅助处理方法。先超声处理后, 再进行均质处理, 利用处理后果汁饮料SS结果, 选择适宜处理条件。具体因素及水平如下:
①超声时间: 超声功率200 W, 处理量200 mL, 超声时间: 0、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0、6.0 min;
②超声功率: 超声时间0.5 min, 处理量200 mL, 超声功率: 100、200、300、400、500 W;
③高速均质转速: 高速均质时间0.5 min、处理量200 mL, 高速均质转速: 0、8000、10000、12000、14000、16000 r/min;
④高速均质时间: 处理量200 mL、高速均质转速10000 r/min, 高速均质时间: 0、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0 min。
参考文献[13]中方法, 稍做改变。经前期稳定化处理的果汁饮料, 分别放置于4 ℃、25 ℃下连续贮藏90 d, 每隔10 d测定一次果汁饮料的品质指标: 如综合色差(∆E)、总酸、总糖、SS、感官评价等。
根据贮藏试验数据, 采用皮尔逊(Pearson)相关性分析对果汁饮料品质指标间相关性进行分析。
参考文献[14-16]中的方法, 稍有改变。具体如下:
(1)品质变化反应速率常数确定: 以各品质指标的lnY对贮藏时间进行线性拟合, 根据所得方程, 计算反应速率常数k和决定系数R2, 选择适宜的动力学模型。
(2)品质指标预测模型建立及验证: 根据拟合结果, 选择不同的模型方程。零级反应模型方程如公式(3)所示:
Y=Y0-kt
式中: Y为品质指标测定值; Y0为品质指标初始测定值; k为速率常数; t为贮藏时间, d。
一级反应模型方程如公式(4)所示:
Y=Y0ekt
采用Excel 2016和Origin 2024数据处理软件对数据进行分析并绘制图表, 使用Duncan新复极差法进行多重比较。所有样品重复测定3次, 以平均值±标准偏差表示最终结果。
所得花红浊汁的SS只有12.21%, 在室温下静置3 d, 即产生明显的沉淀。因此, 必须进行稳定化处理。目前, 添加稳定剂是稳定果汁的最常见方法, 此外, 还有一些辅助技术, 如超声波处理、均质、微波处理等[6,8-9]
(1)单一稳定剂
随添加量增加, 果汁饮料SS均呈现明显增加趋势(P<0.05), 当黄原胶、阿拉伯胶和CMC-Na的添加量分别为0.10、0.20和0.20 g/100 mL时, 相应SS值达到最高, 分别为24.72%、16.91%和24.36%, 果汁SS分别增加了102.46%、38.49%和99.51%(图2)。结果表明, 黄原胶和CMC-Na的增稳效果显著, 阿拉伯胶较差。该结果与3种稳定剂本身的分子结构和功能性质有关, 如黄原胶良好的水溶性、热及酸碱稳定性[17-18], 而阿拉伯胶在水中溶解速度慢且溶解度较低(50%左右)[19], CMC-Na的特点是在较低温度下(小于80 ℃)易溶于水, 易形成高黏度溶液[20]
(2)稳定剂复配
表1结果显示, 上述3种稳定剂复配使用时, 果汁饮料SS明显高于其相同用量的单独使用效果(P<0.05), 说明黄原胶、阿拉伯胶和CMC-Na 3种稳定剂因分子结构的不同, 在稳定果汁饮料方面存在一定的互补作用[21]。其中, 稳定性较好的组合有: 1/2A+1/2C、1/2A+1/2B和1/3A+1/3B+1/3C等3个, SS分别为32.54%、29.30%和29.05%(表1)。因此, 选择其中SS值最高的1/2A+1/2C组合, 其配方为: 每100 mL果汁饮料中添加黄原胶0.05 g和0.10 g CMC-Na, 可使果汁饮料稳定性提高至32.54%, 显著高于单一稳定剂(P<0.05)。
(1)超声时间优化
图3A所示, 在超声功率200 W, 处理0~6 min, 随时间延长, 果汁稳定性显著增加在0.5 min时达到最高(34.23%); 继续延长处理时间, SS显著降低(P<0.05), 6 min时降至最低18.54%。说明短时超声处理有利于果汁饮料稳定。超声波处理可能会破坏黄原胶分子的三级棒状螺旋结构, 或其分子主链结构和侧链结构发生裂解[22-23], 从而无法维持溶液稳定性。KANG等[22]研究发现, 超声波处理可显著降低黄原胶的相对分子量, 使其从3.0×107 Da降至1.4×106 Da, 显著降低黄原胶的表观黏度。因此, 本研究选择经0.5 min短时间超声波处理, 果汁饮料SS增加到34.23%, 增加5.19%。
(2)超声功率优化
图3B结果显示, 在100~500 W范围内, 处理0.5 min, 在300 W时的SS最高, 达到35.61%, 继续增加功率, 果汁SS明显降低。因此, 试验选择超声处理条件为300 W处理0.5 min。
(3)高速均质转速优化
图3C结果显示, 在高速均质时间0.5 min时, 随着剪切速度的增加, SS呈先缓慢增加, 随后又快速降低的趋势, 在高速剪切速度10000 r/min时, SS达到最高(37.85%)。因此, 均质的适宜转速应为10000 r/min。
(4)高速均质时间优化
图3D结果显示, 随高速均质时间延长, 果汁饮料SS呈增加趋势, 到1.0 min时SS达到最高(38.62%), 此后, 随时间延长, 果汁饮料SS明显降低。因此, 适宜的均质时间应为1.0 min。浑浊型果汁中, 果肉颗粒大小对其稳定性影响很大[24]。均质主要通过对饮料中果肉颗粒的高速剪切, 使其变得更加细小, 同是能够与其他组分均匀分散来改善果汁的稳定性。但过度的剪切也会破坏稳定剂的分子结构, 而使溶液失稳[25-26]
因此, 花红浊汁饮料的辅助增稳条件为: 超声波300 W下处理0.5 min, 再经10000 r/min下均质处理1.0 min。在此条件下, 果汁饮料的SS为38.62%。与辅助处理前的32.54%相比, 稳定性提高了18.68%。
CIE Lab色差评价系统中的总色差(ΔE)是评估待测样品与标准样品间颜色差异程度的重要指标。各行业对产品色差范围的要求差异很大, 且目前国际上尚未制定统一的色差范围标准。一般认为, ∆E≤2的色差是人视觉可接受范围, 2<∆E≤4时, 样品间的颜色变化可明显察觉, ∆E>4时, 颜色变化非常明显, 会超出大部分消费者的可接受限值[27]表2结果显示, 在4 ℃、25 ℃下贮藏90 d花红浊汁饮料, 其色差∆E值随贮藏时间延长, 呈现明显增加趋势, 至90 d时, ∆E值分别从0.82 (4 ℃)和1.05 (25 ℃)增加至2.32和4.51, 分别增加了1.83倍和3.30倍。与贮藏前相比, 颜色已经发生较明显的变化, 尤其是25 ℃下样品, 总色差达4.51, 可能会超过消费者可接受程度。导致果汁色差加深的主要原因可能与样品中的多酚物质、多酚氧化酶、氧气等因素有关[7,12]
贮藏期间, 果汁样品中总酸含量呈缓慢的增加趋势。在4 ℃、25 ℃下贮藏90 d, 总酸从初始的1.95 g/L分别增加至2.12 g/L和2.34 g/L, 分别增加了8.72%和20.00%。总酸含量的增加可能是部分VC发生降解所致[28]。果汁SS指标变化呈降低趋势, 在4 ℃、25 ℃下贮藏90 d, 从初始值38.62%分别降至37.24%和33.17%, 分别降低了3.57%和14.11%。感官评价结果显示, 在4 ℃、25 ℃下贮藏90 d, 贮藏期间果汁样品的感官评分从9.52分别降低至8.83和7.94, 分别降低了7.25%和16.60%。总之, 不同温度下的花红浊汁饮料每个品质指标的变化趋势都基本一致, 其中4 ℃下的变化幅度明显小于25 ℃。4个品质指标中, 变化最大的是∆E, 其次是总酸, 变化较小的是SS和感官评价。
表3是花红浊汁饮料各品质指标间的皮尔逊相关性分析结果。结果显示, 贮藏期间、果汁饮料的∆E、总酸、SS和感官评价等指标间存在极显著相关性(P<0.001)。其中, 25 ℃下相关系数普遍比4 ℃下的高, 感官评价与其他3个品质指标间均存在很高的相关性。感官评价是食品最重要的品质指标, 也是影响消费者购买食品的最有效指标[29]。因此, 可通过构建贮藏期间感官评价变化模型, 并赋予其贮藏期终止值, 来推测食品的货架期。
研究表明, 食品品质变化一般遵循零级和一级动力学模型[14,30]。对一级动力学模型(4)两边求自然对数, 则得到公式(5):
Y=Y0ekt
lnY=lnY0+kt
式中: Y为贮藏t后的数据值; Y0为初始值; k为反应速率常数; t为贮藏时间, d。
根据表2中试验结果, 以lnYt做线性拟合, 得到4 ℃和25 ℃下各品质指标变化的反应速率常数k, 决定系数R2和动力学模型, 结果分别见图4图5表4。结果显示, 各品质指标(lnY)与贮藏时间(d)间均呈现显著相关性, 其中25 ℃下的相关性更高。说明来安花红浊汁饮料贮藏期间的品质指标变化符合一级动力学模型。
以果汁在4 ℃和25 ℃下所得感官评价动力学模型为例, 设置其货架期终止值为7分, 将其带入模型, 计算贮藏时间t, 分别为384.36 d和153.74 d。为验证该模型的预测准确度, 可将表2中90 d时的感官评价实际测定值(8.83和7.94)带入公式(6)和(7)中, 得到预测贮藏时间分别为: 94.05 d和90.74 d。计算结果如表5所示, 模型预测贮藏时间与4 ℃和25 ℃下实际贮藏时间非常接近, 相对误差分别为4.50%和0.82%, 说明该模型准确度较高, 尤其是对25 ℃下样品的预测, 相对误差只有0.82%。此外, 利用该模型预测货架期可用于产品加工过程中的质量控制。
4℃下: lnY=ln9.52-0.0008t
25℃下: lnY=ln9.52-0.002t
结果表明, 未经稳定化处理的来安花红浊汁饮料, 其SS仅12.21%, 通过添加稳定剂、辅助超声波和均质化处理可显著提高其稳定性。具体增稳工艺为: 每100 mL浊汁中添加黄原胶0.05 g和CMC-Na 0.1 g, 辅助超声波300 W下处理0.5 min, 再经10000 r/min下均质处理1.0 min。在此条件下, 果汁饮料的SS提高至38.62%。在4 ℃、25 ℃下、为期90 d的贮藏试验期间, 浊汁饮料的总色差、总酸、SS和感官评价等4个品质指标均发生明显变化。不同温度下各品质指标的变化趋势都基本一致, 其中4 ℃下的变化幅度明显小于25 ℃。4个品质指标中, 变化最大的是∆E, 其次是总酸, 变化较小的是SS和感官评价。∆E的增加幅度较大, 具体原因还有待后续研究。
皮尔逊相关性分析结果显示, 贮藏期间, 果汁饮料的∆E、总酸、SS和感官评价等指标间存在显著相关性(P<0.001)。一级动力学模型拟合结果显示, 来安花红浊汁饮料贮藏期间品质指标变化符合一级动力学模型。根据感官评价模型, 预测饮料在4 ℃和25 ℃下的货架期分别为384.36 d和153.74 d。此外, 模型预测贮藏时间与4 ℃和25 ℃下实际贮藏时间非常接近, 相对误差分别为4.50%和0.82%。说明该模型准确度较高, 可用于产品货架期预测。此外, 25 ℃下预测的货架期偏短的主要原因也需要进一步分析。本研究未涉及果汁贮藏期间微生物和内源酶指标的变化, 将在后续研究中给予关注。
  • 2022年滁州市来安县省级农业科技园区科技计划项目(202201)
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2025年第16卷第7期
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250110001
  • 接收时间:2025-01-10
  • 首发时间:2025-07-19
  • 出版时间:2025-04-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-10
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2022年滁州市来安县省级农业科技园区科技计划项目(202201)
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    1.安徽大学生命科学学院, 合肥 230601
    2.滁州学院生物与食品工程学院, 滁州 239000

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* 张汆(1970—), 女, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为农副产品深加工。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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